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Journal : Jurnal Rekayasa Proses

 1 
Peningkatan Kualitas Pelet Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit melalui Torefaksi Menggunakan Reaktor Counter-Flow Multi Baffle (COMB) Wahyu Hidayat; Irma Thya Rani; Tri Yulianto; Indra Gumay Febryano; Dewi Agustina Iryani; Udin Hasanudin; Sihyun Lee; Sangdo Kim; Jiho Yoo; Agus Haryanto
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 14, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.56817

Abstract

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) empty fruit bunches (EFB) have not been utilized optimally. Currently, it is considered as a resource with low economic value. This biomass can be converted into bioenergy through a torrefaction process. Torrefaction is a mild pyrolysis at temperatures ranging between 200 and 300 °C, and it is generally performed under an inert atmosphere. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of torrefaction using Counter-Flow Multi Baffle (COMB) on the properties of oil palm EFB pellets. Torrefaction was conducted at 280 °C temperature with a residence time of 4 minutes. The results showed a decrease in the equilibrium moisture content and an increase in hydrophobicity after torrefaction using the COMB reactor. The change in the hygroscopic property could make the oil palm EFB pellet more stable against chemical oxidation and microbial degradation, hence self-heating and auto-ignition during storage could be prevented. The heating value of biomass increased after torrefaction. Torrefaction with the COMB reactor resulted in a heating value of 17.90 MJ/kg, which is comparable with the results of oxidative torrefaction (with longer residence time) of 18.28 MJ/kg. The results suggested that torrefaction using the COMB reactor could provide a great improvement in the quality of the bioenergetic properties of oil palm EFB pellets. However, the high ash content of the EFB pellets implied that the EFB pellets suitable for a small-scale application, but not yet for cofiring in power plants or as a feedstock for gasification.Keywords: Counter-Flow Multi Baffle; oil palm empty fruit bunches; renewable; torrefactionA B S T R A KTandan kosong kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis) belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Saat ini bahan tersebut masih dianggap sebagai sumber daya bernilai ekonomi rendah. Tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dapat dikonversi menjadi bioenergi melalui proses torefaksi. Torefaksi merupakan proses pirolisis ringan pada suhu berkisar antara 200 dan 300 °C dan umumnya dilakukan di bawah kondisi inert. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh torefaksi dengan reaktor Counter-Flow Multi Baffle (COMB) terhadap sifat-sifat pelet TKKS. Torefaksi dilakukan pada suhu 280 °C dengan waktu tinggal 4 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa torefaksi menyebabkan penurunan kadar air kesetimbangan dan menjadi hidrofobik setelah torefaksi dengan reaktor COMB. Perbaikan sifat higroskopis dapat membuat pelet TKKS lebih stabil terhadap oksidasi kimia dan degradasi mikroba, sehingga pemanasan sendiri dan pembakaran spontan selama penyimpanan dapat dicegah. Nilai kalor biomassa meningkat setelah torefaksi. Torefaksi dengan reaktor COMB menghasilkan nilai kalor 17,90 MJ/kg, yang sebanding dengan hasil torefaksi oksidatif dengan waktu tinggal lebih lama, sebesar 18,28 MJ/kg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa torefaksi dengan reaktor COMB dapat meningkatkan kualitas energi pelet TKKS. Tetapi pelet TKKS masih memiliki kadar abu yang tinggi sehingga biomassa hasil torefaksi belum sesuai untuk cofiring di pembangkit listrik atau sebagai bahan baku untuk gasifikasi.Kata kunci: Counter-Flow Multi Baffle; tandan kosong kelapa sawit; terbarukan; torefaksi 
Co-Authors . Bukhari Abdullah Aman Damai Abdullah Aman Damai Aceng Hidayat Adinda, Aryanti Rizki Afif Bintoro Afif Bintoro Afif Bintoro Agus Haryanto Agus Haryanto Agus Haryanto Agus Setiawan Agus Setiawan Agus Setiawan Agus Setyawan Agustin, Yuli Aina, Erni Vida Al Qorny, Faiz Alifia Putri Larasati Alim Fadila Rahman Aman Damai, Abdullah Aminah, Lina Nur Amrullah Khalil, Abdul Rouf Anatika, Early Andi Chairil Ichsan ANDIKA Andri Kurniawan Arief Darmawan Arief Darmawan Arief Darmawan Arif Darmawan Arrofi, Ahmad Izzuddin Asri Haryanda, Wal Awandi, Hafizh Bagus Saputra Bagus Saputra Bainah Sari Dewi Bainah Sari Dewi Bantara, Idi Buli, Willyam Candra Murty Ayuningtyas Chantika Osfindra Permata Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Christine Wulandari Debi Hardian Del Piero Jonathan Desrian Alfandi Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Agustina Iryani Dewi Sri Wahyuni Dewi, Niken Puspita Dian Iswandaru Dian Iswandaru Dian Iswandaru Dian Nova Yanti Didik Suharjito Dini Zulfiani Dudung Darusman Duryat Duryat, Duryat Eka Ria Novita Sari Sirait Elisabeth Devi Krisnamurniati Elsa Nadia Almaidah Elva Elva Endang Linirin Widiastuti Erna Rochana Fatimah Azzahra Nurul Afifah Fatmawati, Nimas Ayu Fawwaz Akbar Fito Apriandana Fito Apriandana Fitriana , Yulia Rahma Fitriana, Yulia Rahma Gultom, Eklesia Armauly Gunardi Djoko Winarno Gunardi Djoko Winarno Gunardi Djoko Winarno Gunardi Djoko Winarno Gunardi Djoko Winarno Gunawan, Rhezandhy Gusti Ayulia Mustika Weni Hadida, Ratu Husaina haqfini bina lalika Hari Kaskoyo Hari Kaskoyo Hari Kaskoyo Hari Kaskoyo Hari Kaskoyo Hari Kaskoyo Hari Kaskoyo Hari Kaskoyo Hari Kaskoyo Harianto, Sugeng Prayitno Harianto, Sugeng Prayitno Hartoyo Hartoyo Hendika Jaya Putra Hendra Prasetia Idi Bantara Ikhsan Pandu Wibowo Ikhwan Muslih Indra Gumay Yudha Intan Fajar Suri Irlan Rahmat Maulana Irma Thya Rani Irma Thya Rani Irwan Irwan Irwan Sukri Banuwa Irwan Sukri Banuwa Iskar Bone Ismanto Ismanto Iswandaru , Dian Iswandaru, Dian Jiho Yoo Jiho Yoo Jonathan, Del Piero Karina Gracia Agatha Tambunan Karina Gracia Agatha Tambunan Kaskoyo, Hari Kaskoyo, Hari Krismurniati, Elisabeth Devi Kurniasari, Nanda Kurniawan, Beny Kuswandono Kuswandono Kuswandono Kuswandono Kuswandono, Kuswandono Latifah, Lutfi Nur Lia Mulyana Lina Nur Aminah Linirin Widyastuti, Endang Lubis, Rini Sari Lubis, Rini Sari M. Saipurrozi Makarim, Jundy Zaky Maloring, Darius Sesario Mantika Lestari Maryani, Lusia Leni Maurent Kartika Maharani Maya Riantini, Maya Mayaguezz, Henky Melya Riniarti Messalina L Salampessy Mispan, Mispan Mufidah, Salma Muhamad Karim Muhammad Alfatikha N. Nazaruddin Nasution, Siska Dewi Mauly Nazaruddin Nazaruddin Nia, Kurnia Albarkati Nindya Tria Puspita Nisa Az Zuhdy, Afifah Novita Tresiana Novita Tresiana Novriyanti Novriyanti Novriyanti Nugraha, Muhammad Dimaz Nur Effendi, Nur Nurbaiti Nurbaiti Nurrahman, Muhammad Irfan Octavia, Nia Oktarine Melly Aminah Harum Paksi, Satria Icha Pardede, Lusiana Permana, Anom Tahta Pitojo Budiono Popy Pratiwi Pramana, Rudi Pratiwi, Popy Pribadie, Aldi Indra Puspasari, Eny Putra, Albar Bagas Putri Wahyuni Qadar Hasani Rafical Cahaya Utama Rafical Cahaya Utama Rahma Fitriana, Yulia Rahmat Safe'i Rahmat Safe’i Rajagukguk, Charles Parlindungan Rasyidah Amany Rhezandhy Gunawan Rian Setiawan Ricat Rawanda Rini Nurindarwati Ristiawati, Risa Rommy Qurniati Rubiyanti, Tri Rudi Hilmanto Rudi Hilmanto Rudi Hilmanto Rudi Hilmanto Rudi Hilmanto Rusdianto Rusdianto Rusdianto Rusdianto, Rusdianto Rusita rusita rusita Rusita Rusita Sadewo, Bagus Safe'i , Rahmat Safe'i, Rahmat Sahasrara, Reviana Wanda Samsul Bakri Samsul Bakri Samsul Bakri Sangdo Kim Sangdo Kim Santosa, Winarto Santoso, Trio Saputra, Bagus Setiawan, Birgita Diah Puspitrani Setiawati Millenium, Errica Shalehudin Denny Ma’ruf shinta dewi marcelina Sihyun Lee Sihyun Lee Sirait, Eka Ria Novita Sari Sitanggang, Rostuti Lusiwati Siti Fauzia Rochmah Slamet Budi Yuwono Sobirin Sobirin SUBKI Subki Subki Sugeng p Harianto Sugeng P. Harianto Sugeng P. Hariyanto Sugiantoro Sugiantoro Supono Supono Supono Supono Supono Supono Suri, Intan Fajar Susanto, Gregorius Nugroho Susni Herwanti Susni Herwanti Susni Herwanti Susni Herwanti Thomas Nugroho Tri Santoso Tri Sugiharti Tri Yulianto Tri Yulianto Trio Santoso Trislina Handayani Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Udin Hasanudin Uma , Kaifa Utami, Mia Putri Velda Reissa Valeska Veny Anisa Wahyu Abdul Rahman Wahyu Hidayat Wahyu Hidayat Wibowo, Novita Winarno, Gunardi Djoko Winarno, Gunardi Djoko Wulandari , Christine Yanne Permata Sari Yeni Apriliyani Yogi Sulistio Yuli Agustin Yulia Rahma Fitriana Yulia Rahma Fitriana Yulia Rahma Fitriana Yulia Rahma Fitriana Yuni Ayu Wandira Yuwana Utami Cendrakasih Zainal Abidin Zusan, Ulfah Atikah