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ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF FRANGIPANI (Plumeria alba) POWDER EXTRACT Wrasiati, Luh Putu; Wirawan, I Gede Putu; Agus Bagiada, Nyoman; Mantik Astawa, I Nyoman
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 5, No. 2 Mei 2011
Publisher : Udayana University

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This research aimed to identify the antioxidant capacity, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and total phenolic compounds of frangipani flower powder. The powder was extracted using ethanol, methanol, acetic acid, and water (aquadest). Antioxidant capacity of each extract were determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method, vitamin C were determined using 2,4 Dinitrophenylhydrazine, and total phenolic compounds were determined using Folin Ciocalteu reagent. All of parameters were measured by spectrofotometer. The result shows that the highest value of antioxidant capacity was ethanolic extract (18.19%) and the lowest value was acetic acid extract (12.74%). The highest value of vitamin C was aqueous extract (3.49 mg/100g) and the lowest value was acetic acid extract (3.02 mg/100g). The highest value of total phenolic content was aqueous extract (25.49 mg GAE/g) and the lowest value was acetic acid extract (22.74 mg GAE/g). In conclusion, the higher antioxidant capacity was not always followed by the higher of vitamin C and total phenolic compounds.
ALDEHYDE DEHIDROGENASE LEVEL AND FATTY ACID ETHYL ESTER AS BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS PERSIST LONGER THAN ETHANOL IN WISTAR RATS AFTER CHRONIC ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION Suaniti, Ni Made; Sudewa Djelantik, A. A. Gde; Suastika, Ketut; Mantik Astawa, Nyoman
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 4, No. 2 Juli 2010
Publisher : Udayana University

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Alcohol consumption in human has increased from year to year in Indonesia and more recently, anincreasing number of cases of alcohol intoxication, alcoholic liver disease, and death were observed.The purpose of this experimental study was to examine the significance of two known biochemicalmarkers of alcohol given by mouth in the Wistar rats. The study design used was the “Truerandomized experimental post test only control group design". The rats were randomly distributedaccording to the experimental design and were treated daily for six weeks (chronic intake) with 5%and 20% alcohol. This study used 15 rats with 5 rats for treatment group treated with 5% alcohol, 5rats for treatment group treated with 20% alcohol, and 5 rats as control group treated with distilledwater. The biochemical markers were aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters(FAEE). ALDH and FAEE were two biochemical markers of ethanol which are sensitive and specificfor alcohol consumption. The study was conducted in two phases. Initially, rats were treated orallyeveryday for six weeks with 5% and 20% alcohol, and then the blood level of ethanol, ALDH andFAEE were measured. Blood samples were collected at 6 and 24 hours after the last oral intake ofchronic alcohol administration. Qualitative analysis was carried out to detect the presence of ethanol,ALDH, and FAEE in the treatment groups and quantitative analysis to determine their levels in theblood of Wistar rats. Statistical analysis of ALDH was done by using parametric test and the presenceof FAEE persisting longer than ethanol by non-parametric test. The results showed that ALDHpersisted and increased significantly following chronic consumption of alcohol in the rats. Similarly,FAEEs persisted longer than ethanol after alcohol intake. After six hours, the ALDH level increasedby 108.14% in the rat treated chronically with 5% alcohol and by 85.07% in rat treated with 20%alcohol. After 24 hours, FAEE also persisted longer in the blood than ethanol following treatmentwith alcohol 5%. ALDH levels increased by 83.11% after chronic treatment with 5% alcohol and by112.05% in the rats treated with 20% alcohol. In the blood collected 24 hours after the last treatmentwith 5% alcohol, ALDH increased by 95.11% and by 86.79% in the rats treated with 20% alcohol.FAEE persisted longer than ethanol in the blood following administration of 5 % and 20% alcoholboth at 24 hours following chronic treatment. The longer persisting ALDH and FAEE were new andgood biochemical blood markers for chronic alcohol consumption in the Wistar rats.
THE HIGH PLASMA RETINOL BINDING PROTEIN 4 LEVEL AS A RISK FACTOR CONSEQUENTLY OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS OF ABDOMINAL OBESITY Budhitresna, AAG; Suastika, Ketut; Mantik Astawa, Nyoman; Santoso, Anwar
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011
Publisher : Udayana University

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Abdominal obesity (Ab-Ob) related to cardiometabolic risk, that is riskfactor constellation for succeeded cardiovasculer disease and type 2 DiabetesMellitus (DM). That factors such as atherogenic dislipidemia, hypertension,hyperglycemia, protrombotic state, and proinflammation state. Type 2 DMcharacterised by insulin resistance (IR). Plasma levels of retinol binding protein 4(RBP4) that is secreted by adipocytes are increased in insulin resistance (IR) state.Experiment in mice suggest that elevated RBP4 level cause IR. Although theunderlying mechanism is not clearly understood, RBP4 considered playimportance role consequently of type 2 DM in Ab-Ob.This research was carried out to determine the role of high plasma RBP4level as a risk factor consequently of type 2 DM in Ab-Ob. The research wasconducted by cross sectional analytic in 81 patients with Ab-Ob and case controlstudy with matching on 33 patients with Ab-Ob type 2 DM as cases and 33patients with Ab-Ob non type 2 DM as control. The plasma of TNF-?, sTNFR1,and RBP4 levels was measured by ELISA. IR status of the patients wasdetermined by HOMA-IR, whereas the ?-cell function was determined byHOMA-B. Ab-Ob was defined by using criteria for Asian peoples (male WC ? 90cm; female WC ? 80 cm). The result of 81 patients with Ab-Ob showed that bothplasma of TNF-? and sTNFR1 levels were significant positive correlated withplasma RBP4 level (coeficient correlation r = 0,294; p = 0,008 dan r = 0,458; p =<0,001 respectively). In addition, the plasma of RBP4 level significantly positivecorrelation with HOMA-IR (r = 0,450; p = 0,000) and significantly negativecorrelation with HOMA-B (r = -0,564; p = <0,001). In the matched case-controlstudy, it was shown that mean plasma of RBP4 level of type 2 DM group (76,08 ±16,84 ?g/ml) statistically higher than that without type 2 DM group (41,13 ±14,75 ?g/ml) (p = <0,001). The odds ratio higher plasma of RBP4 level was 5,426(CI 95%; 1,343 – 21, 928) statistically significant for increases risk type 2 DM (p= < 0,05). It has been proven that RBP4 was a dominant and consisten risk factor(66.9%, p = < 0.001) which influenced the incidence of type 2 DM in Ab-Ob. It can be concluded that high plasma of RBP4 level have a greater risk tosuffered from type 2 DM compared to low plasma of RBP4 in Ab-Ob. The highplasma of RBP4 level is most dominant and consistent risk factor consequently oftype 2 DM. These mechanism could behind the association between high plasmaof RBP4 level and type 2 DM.
INHIBITION OF BIFIDOBACTERIUM sp ISOLATED FROM INFANTS FECES TOWARDS ADHESION OF SALMONELLA TYPHI ON BALB/c MICE ENTEROCYTE Sukrama, I D. M.; Sukardika, K.; -, Sumarno; Mantik Astawa, N.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 4, No. 1 Januari 2010
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Diarrhea, up to the recent year remains a cause of high morbidity and mortalityworldwide, especially in developing countries including Indonesia. Research concerning ofmanagement, prevention, and medication of the disease have been continually improved. Theaim of this research is searching Bifidobacterium sp isolated from infants feces. ThisBifidobacterium was then applied as an anti-adhesion of Salmonella typhi in the hope to gain acure of diarrhea. This research employed two research designs, namely descriptive explorationand true experimental. Exploration was applied in order to obtain isolation and characterizationof Bifidobacterium isolated from infants feces. Adherence ability of this Bifidobacterium sptowards Salmonella typhi adhesion on mice entherocyte was then carried out by applyingRandomized Posttest-Only Control Group Design. In this research, average Bifidobacterium spadhesion index of 1950 on entherocyte was obtained. In simple word, there are 19.5Bifidobacteria adhere to any single entherocyte cell. This adhesion index value is highercompare to Salmonella typhi adhesion of 1504. Conclusions that can be drawn from this researchare the finding of Bifidobacterium sp isolated from infants feces. This Bifidobacterium sp has anability to inhibit adhesion of Salmonella typhi on BALB/c mice enterocyte. Future work that canbe carried out are further researches concerning whether these bacteria have an ability to inhibitadherence of other pathogen bacteria. More over, searching of cell wall adhesin ofBifidobacterium sp that can be used as a replacement of life probiotic bacteria is also a greatinterest of research to be carried out.
THE HUMORAL IMMUNITY RESPONSE OF DOG VACCINATED WITH ORAL SAG2 AND PARENTERAL RABISIN AND RABIVET SUPRA92 -, Faizah; Mantik-Astawa, IN; Putra, AAG; -, Suwarno
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 6, No. 1 Januari 2012
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ABSTRACT This research aims to determine whether SAG2 oral vaccine induced antibody response as high as that of parenteral vaccine (Rabisin and Rabivet Supra 92). The experimental design applied was randomized pre and post control group design with 4 treatments (oral SAG2 vaccine, parenteral rabisin, parenteral Rabivet Supra 92 and control without vaccination) and with 9 replication. As many as 36 kampung dogs used and the anti rabies antibody was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at day 0, 21, 56, 84, 119, and 147 post vaccination. The antibody titer induced by oral SAG2 vaccine raised more slowly but persisted longer than parenteral vaccine. On day 21 after vaccination, the average antibody titers induced by oral SAG2 vaccines (0.501 IU/ml) was still significantly lower than those induced by parenteral Rabisin (3.504 IU/ml) and Rabivet Supra92 (2.545 IU/ml). However, by day 119 after vaccination the average antibody titer induced by SAG2 oral vaccine (0.889 IU/ml) was significantly higher (p <0.05) as compared to those of parenteral Rabisin (0.625 IU/ml) and Rabivet Supra 92 (0.223 IU/ml). The antibody response induced by SAG2 oral vaccine appears to persist longer than parenteral vaccines and it can therefore be used as an alternative vaccine to combat rabies in animals, especially for dogs kept in free range.
ORAL INTAKE OF SARDINELLA LONGICEPS OIL THE DECREASE OF TNF-? AND IL-6 LEVELS IN ATHEROSCLEROTIC WISTAR RAT Wahjuni, S.; Sudewa, A.A.G.; Wita, I Wayan; Astawa, I.N. Mantik
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 5, No. 2 Mei 2011
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Lifestyle changes to consumption of variegated instant food may be associated several heath hazards, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, and atheroschlerosis. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of orally administered Sardinella longiceps oil as an anti inflammatory agent on the serum levels of TNF-? and IL-6 considered as biomarkers for atherosclerosis.The study design is an true experimental with randomized pretest and posttest control group design, using 50 Wistar rat equaly divided into 5 groups, i.e. placebo control group 0% and 4 treatment groups each treated daily with 10%, 15 %, 20 % and 25 % fish oil respectively for 6 weeks. Before the treatment was started, all rats were orally fed daily with a high cholesterol diet for 13 weeks to induce atherosclerosis. Our study showed that the intake of 20% fish oil had resulted in the significantly greatest decrease of 45,63 % in the TNF-? serum levels,from 28.62 ± 1.25 to 15.56 ± 7.20 ?g/mL and similar significant decrease 15,42% in of IL-6 serum levels from 134.64 ± 1.98 to 113.87 ± 4.30 ?g/mL. The overall results of our study seemed to imply than in the Wistar rats, oral intake of Sardfinella longiceps oils signifacantly decreased serum levels of TNF-? and IL-6 probably through their anti-inflamatory effects. Futher research to determin the magnitude of effects sardinella longiceps oils on the serum levels TNF-? and IL-6 human.
MASSAGE STIMULATION REDUCES TUMOR NECROTIC FACTOR-ALPHA AND INTERLEUKIN-6 IN PRETERM, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT WITH APPROPRIATE GESTATIONAL AGE NEWBORNS Trisna Windiani, I G. A.; Sotjiningsih, S.; Mantik Astawa, N.; Kusnandi, and R.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol 7 No 2 (2013): IJBS Vol2 No2
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Preterm newborn is susceptible from various stresses such as infections or non infections. During stress, immune response is activated by synthesizing and releasing of cytokines from activated immune cells into the circulation. One of the efforts to overcome the stress is massage stimulation. Several studies have been carried out to find out the benefit of massage stimulation. The objective of this study is to find out the effect of massage stimulation to reduce of TNF-? and IL-6 levels on preterm, low birth weight, appropriate to gestational age newborn. This was a randomized controlled trial. Subjects of the study were all preterm newborns with a stable medical condition, birth weight 1,500-2,499 gram, appropriate to gestational age. The study was carried out on October-December 2011, in neonatology ward, Sanglah General Hospital, Vali-Indonesia. The number of cases was 35 subjects and the number of controls was 36 subjects. The examination of TNF-?, IL-6 levels and birth weights before and after massage stimulation were performed on both groups. The level of TNF-? and IL-6 was examined by applying ELISA method. The level of confidence was ? = 0.05. All statistical analysis was performed by computer programme. There was different level of cytokine pro-inflammation TNF-? (p=0.025) and IL-6 (p=0,001) comparing before and after condition massage stimulation. Outcome of body weight were also different at before and after massage stimulation, with p value 0.042. The conclusion of this study is that massage stimulation can reduce the level of TNF-?,   IL-6 and increasing of birth weight on preterm, low birth weight appropriate gestational age newborn. Based on this study, in the future, massage stimulation can be done in newborn with stable medical conditions by parents or trained staffs.
“TEMPE” REDUCES DNA DAMAGE IN RATS IRRADIATED WITH ULTRAVIOLET RAY Maryam, Siti; Sudewa Djelantik, A. A. Gde; Agus Bagiada, I Nyoman; Mantik Astawa, Nyoman
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 5, No. 1 Januari 2011
Publisher : Udayana University

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‘Tempe’ is a popular Javanese-Indonesian tradisional food made of fermentedsoyabean. This study aims to examine whether ‘tempe’, used as a strong anti-free,has the ability to decrease DNA damage induced by ultraviolet ray irirradiation inthe Wistar rats as indicated by the levels of urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine.A Total of 24 Wistar rats, 2.5 to 3 mounths and 200 gr body weight, weredividing into 4 groups of equal size i.e. three treatment and one control groups.All rats were exposed to 5-hours daily UV ray sources of UV 15 watt Philip for 60days. Randomized post test only control group design was used in this study withindependent variables of 0, 1, 2 and 3 g ‘tempe’ per kilogram body weight per dayand independent variables of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine urinary level as aDNA damage biomarker following an oxidative stress. Data were analyzed byusing one way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD.The results of our study indicates that there is a decrease of DNA damageis manifested by progressive decrease of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine level in thetreatment groups as compared to the control group. Statistically significantdecrease of 22.61 % and 25.62 % was shown with p > 0.05.From our analysed data is could be inferred that ‘tempe’ has the ability todecrease DNA damage caused by ultraviolet ray irradiation. Supplementation of2 g ‘tempe’ per kilogram body weight per day appeared to have the strongesteffect of decreasing DNA damage in Wistar rats.
ROLE OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AND S-IGA ANTIBODIES ANTIROTAVIRUS BREAST MILK TOWARDS RISK OF ACUTE ROTAVIRUS DIARRHEA IN INFANTS AGE OF 1-6 MONTHS: DO THEY CORELATE TO BREASTFEEDING "DAILY DOSE" AND ANTIBODY TITERS? Lely, Oka; -, Soetjiningsih; Wibawa, I D. N.; Mantik Astawa, IN
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 6, No. 1 Januari 2012
Publisher : Udayana University

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ABSTRACT Exclusive breastfeeding reduces the incidence of diarrhea, especially in children who live in densely populated neighborhood. This study aims to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and breast milk contains antirotavirus s-IgA antibodies towards risk of acute rotavirus diarrhea in infants aged of 1-6 months. Case-control study design is applied to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and breast milk contains s-IgA antibodies antirotavirus with risk of acute rotavirus diarrhea. Cases in this study were patients with acute rotavirus diarrhea and controls were patients without acute rotavirus diarrhea. Cases and controls were matched based on age. There were 23 cases and 69 controls. The proportion who received exclusive breastfeeding was 34.8% in cases and 34.4% in controls, with OR of 1.21 (95% CI: 0.45 to 3.28) and p = 0.28. Breast milk contains sIgA antibodies antirotavirus for case was 17.39% and controls was 23.2%, OR was 1.12 (95% CI: 0.29 to 4.29), p = 0.203. In conclusion, exclusive breastfeeding and breast milk contains sIgA antibodies antirotavirus were not associated with risk of acute rotavirus diarrhea in infants 1-6 months. This may be caused by differences in population and demographic studies as well as low of milk sIgA antibody antirotavirus titters. Further research of breastfeeding regardless of antirotavirus containing high antibody titters sIgA is needed.
PHOTOCHEMOPROTECTION OF CAULERA SPP ACTIVE COMPONENT ON RAT MODEL SKIN Wiraguna, A. A. G. P.; Pangkahila, W.; Mantik-Astawa, and N.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Vol 7 No 2 (2013): IJBS Vol2 No2
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Caulerpa spp. including seaweed and macro-algae can be found in a large number at Coastal Serangan, Bali-Indonesia. Caulerpa spp was historically used for food and vegetable. However, in our today life, this plant was applied as material for skin care products, especially for UV protection. The aim of this study is to know the active component of caulerpa spp extract and its inhibition of premature skin aging induced by UV-B radiation through collagen expression. This was descriptive and experimental research applying a randomized posttest only control group design. Active component contained in the caulerpa spp extract are carotenoid, vitamin A, C, and E, polyphenols, minerals and amino acids. Topical application of caulerpa spp can suppress the UV-B radiation induced collagen damage. Increased of collagen expression in all groups of caulerpa spp. just as good as astaxanthin group in improving collagen expression and 0.2% of caulerpa spp. extract is the most effective dose in improving collagen expression.
Co-Authors A. A. G. P. Wiraguna A.A. Wiradewi Lestari A.A.G. Sudewa AAG Budhitresna AAG Putra Ahmad Hamim Sadewa Aida Lousie Tenden Rompis Alberto Agustinho Pereira Da Costa Joao Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi Anak Agung Bagus Bramardipa Anak Agung Gede Sudewa Djelantik Anak Agung Keswari Krisnandika Anak Agung Ngurah Subawa Anak Agung Oka Wijaya Anak Agung Sagung Kendran and R. Kusnandi Andika Budi Kurnianto Anwar Santoso Arthawan Arthawan Bayu Setiabudi Berata , I Ketut Chandra Yowani Dewa Ayu Agus Sri Laksmi DWI SURYANTO Dyah Kanya Wati Faiziah - G.A.M.K. Dewi Gusti Ayu Mayani Kristina Dewi Gusti Ayu Yuniati Kencana Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra Harjana, Ngakan Putu Anom HARTANINGSIH - Hartaningsih . I D. N. Wibawa I Dewa Made Sukrama I Gede Ngurah Harry Wijaya Surya I GEDE PUTU WIRAWAN I Gusti Agung Arta Putra I Gusti Agung Ayu Suartini I Gusti Agung Dewi Sarihati I Gusti Agung Trisna Windiani I Gusti Ayu Putu Eka Pratiwi I Gusti Made Krisna Erawan I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika I Gusti Ngurah Sudisma I K. Sukardika I Kadek Swastika I Ketut Berata I Ketut Eli Supartika I Ketut Junitha I Ketut Suada I Ketut Suada I Ketut Suastika I Ketut Suastika I KETUT SUATA I Ketut Suatha I Ketut Suwiyoga I Made Bakta I Made Damriyasa I Made Dwinata I Made Galih Diparayoga I Made Jawi I Made Kardena I Made Subrata I Made Sudarmaja I Made Sukada i Nengah Wandia I Nyoman Agus Bagiada I Nyoman Budi Hartawan I Nyoman Polos I Nyoman Suarsana I Nyoman Suartha I Putu Sudiarta I W. Wita, I W. I Wayan Bebas I Wayan Gorda I Wayan Masa Tenaya I Wayan Megadhana I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa I Wayan Suardana I Wayan Wita I.A.P. Apsari I.B.K. Suardana I.H. Utama I.W. Batan Ida Ayu Pasti Apsari Ida Bagus Gede Suparyatha Ida Bagus Kade Suardana Ida Bagus Made Oka Ida Bagus Ngurah Swacita Ida Bagus Oka Winaya Ida Bagus Suardana Ida Bagus Subanada Ignatius Ferdi Yuatmadja Inna Narayani K. Sri Marhaeni Julyasih K. Suata K. Sukardika Kadek Karang Agustina Ketut Budiasa Ketut Santhia Adhy Putra Ketut Suata Ketut Tirtayasa Luh Dewi Anggreni Luh Putu Agustini LUH PUTU AGUSTINI Luh Putu Wrasiati M.D. Rudyanto M.Pd S.T. S.Pd. I Gde Wawan Sudatha . Made Damriyasa, Made Made Oka Ari kamayani, Made Oka Ari Made Wiryana Marissa Divia Dayanti Marson, Fransiska Gratia Sonita Mudinillah, Adam N. T. Suryadhi Ngakan Putu Anom Harjana Ni Luh Putu Eka Diarthini NI LUH PUTU MANIK WIDIYANTI Ni Made Krisna Dewi Ni Made Suaniti NINING HARTANINGSIH Nyoman Agus Bagiada Nyoman Tigeh Suryadi Oka Lely Palagan Senopati Sewoyo Purwitasari, Made Santi Putu Ayu Asri Damayanti Putu Ayu Sisyawati Putriningsih Rasmaya Niruri Rasmaya Niruri S. Soetjiningsih, S. S. Sotjiningsih S.K. Widyastuti sang gede purnama Sewoyo, Palagan Senopati Siti Maryam Soetjiningsih - Soetjiningsih . Sri Kayati Widyastuti Sri Wahjuni SUMARNO Suryadi, Nyoman Tigeh Sutjahjo Suherman, Sutjahjo Suwarno - T. Sari Nindia Tjok Gede Oka Pemayun, Tjok Gede Oka Tjokorda Gde Agung Suwardewa Wayan Tunas Artama Wimpie I Pangkahila Yasunobu Matsumoto Yosevangelika Hutabarat Yoshihiro Hayashi