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Indonesian Newcastle Disease Virus Field Isolate Reduces c-Jun Expression in Rat Mammary Cancer Models Marson, Fransiska Gratia Sonita; Sewoyo, Palagan Senopati; Astawa, I Nyoman Mantik; Adi, Anak Agung Ayu Mirah; Suardana, Ida Bagus Kade; Winaya, Ida Bagus Oka; Berata, I Ketut
Media Kedokteran Hewan Vol. 36 No. 1 (2025): Media Kedokteran Hewan
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkh.v36i1.2025.13-20

Abstract

c-Jun is often found to be overexpressed in various cancers, so this gene might be a target for cancer therapy. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is recognized for its oncolytic properties and potential as a cancer virotherapy agent, with various mechanisms reported to trigger cancer cell death. This study aimed to assess the c-Jun expression in rat mammary cancer models. Rat mammary cancer models were categorized into two treatment groups: the control group (C) and the virotherapy group (V). Group C was administered with 0.5 cc of sterile PBS, while group V received 7 log 2 HAU per 0.5 cc of the Indonesian NDV field isolate Tabanan-1/ARP/2017 intratumorally. The treatment was carried out for four days in a row. Two weeks after treatment, all rats were humanely euthanized, and mammary cancer tissues were excised for further examination. Mammary cancer tissues were examined histopathologically and analyzed using immunohistochemistry to determine intranuclear c-Jun expression, quantified by the H-Score. The results demonstrated that NDV significantly reduced c-Jun expression. It can be inferred that NDV Tabanan-1/ARP/2017 holds potential as a mammary cancer therapy agent by reducing c-Jun expression. This finding is considered novel, as there have been no previous reports of decreased c-Jun expression following virotherapy with NDV.
Slow 0.9% NaCl Bolus Administration Reduces ANP, MMP-2, and Syndecan-1 Shedding in Septic Shock Rabbit Models Hartawan, I Nyoman Budi; Wiryana, Made; Jawi, I Made; Astawa, I Nyoman Mantik; Bakta, I Made; Subanada, Ida Bagus; Suparyatha, Ida Bagus; Wati, Dyah Kanya
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 9, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v9i2.590

Abstract

Background: The optimal rate for fluid bolus administration in septic shock remains a critical and unresolved question. Rapid bolus administration is commonly practiced but has been linked to elevated levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and syndecan-1 shedding, potentially exacerbating endothelial glycocalyx damage and increasing vascular permeability. However, the physiological and clinical implications of slower bolus rates have not been thoroughly investigated. This study was conducted to identify safer fluid management practices and improve patient outcomes in septic shock.Materials and methods: A randomized post-test-only control group design was employed, involving 36 male New Zealand rabbits with lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock. The treatment group received 0.9% NaCl boluses (20 mL/kg body weight) over 20 minutes per bolus (slow bolus), while the control group received the same volume over 5 minutes per bolus (rapid bolus). ANP, MMP-2, and syndecan-1 levels were measured using ELISA 10-15 minutes post-intervention.Results: The median ANP levels in the treatment group (92.86 ng/mL) were significantly lower (p<0.05) than those in the control group (367.32 ng/mL). The mean MMP-2 levels in the treatment group (10.26 ng/dL) were lower than those in the control group (11.43 ng/dL). The median levels of syndecan-1 were also lower in the treatment group (4.31 ng/mL) compared to the control group (5.94 ng/mL).Conclusion: Slow fluid boluses appear to mitigate endothelial damage by reducing ANP, MMP-2, and syndecan-1 shedding. These findings suggest that slower infusion rates may offer a protective advantage in fluid resuscitation, paving the way for updated clinical guidelines.Keywords: fluid bolus, ANP, MMP-2, syndecan-1
The Role of p53 as the Guardian of the Genome and the Consequences of its Mutation in Cancer Development: A Review Purwitasari, Made Santi; Sewoyo, Palagan Senopati; Astawa, I Nyoman Mantik
Jurnal Medika Veterinaria Vol 19, No 2 (2025): J.Med.Vet
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.med.vet..v19i2.48988

Abstract

The TP53 gene encodes the p53 protein, often referred to as the guardian of the genome due to its critical role in maintaining genomic stability and preventing tumorigenesis. Under normal conditions, p53 expression is tightly regulated by MDM2 and MDMX, which promote its degradation through ubiquitination. In response to endogenous or exogenous stress, this ubiquitination process is inhibited, leading to the stabilization of p53. Once stabilized, p53 forms a tetrameric complex in the nucleus and binds to DNA. It then activates the transcription of genes involved in cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, apoptosis, and senescence, aiming either to repair DNA damage or eliminate cells when the damage is irreparable. Nearly half of all cancer cases involve mutations in the TP53 gene. These mutations may include missense, nonsense, inframe, and splice-site mutations. Mutations in TP53 result in the production of mutant p53 (mutp53) proteins. These mutations can lead to a loss of tumor suppressor function or confer gain-of-function properties that promote tumor progression. Given its central role in cancer development, TP53 is considered a promising therapeutic target. Potential strategies include reactivating suppressed p53, restoring the function of mutp53, or inducing its degradation.
The Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Cats at the House of Maternal Women with Toxoplasmosis in Badung, Indonesia Subrata, Made; Astawa, Nyoman Mantik; Suryadi, Nyoman Tigeh; Purnama, Sang Gede; Agustina, Kadek Karang; Harjana, Ngakan Putu Anom; Damriyasa, Made
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by infection with the parasite called Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). The health and social impacts of the infectionare enormous, including miscarriage, hydrocephalus, blindness, and mental retardation. The occurrence of toxoplasmosis in maternal women cannot be se parated from cats around their houses. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of the parasite in cats found in the human carriers residences and identify the risk factors of toxoplasmosis in maternal women in Badung District, Bali Province, Indonesia. A total of 80 cat serum samples were obtained from two residential groups, 40 from the housing where the maternal women were infected and another 40 from where there were no identified sufferers of the disease. All the samples were examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method to detect the presence of antibodies T. gondiiin feralcat serum. The results showed that 47.5% of the examined subjects had the said antibodies. As much as 65% came from housing with cases of toxoplasmosisin maternal mothers, and 30% came from residences with none. The presence of feral cats is a major risk factor for the transmission of T. gondiito humans.
CASE REPORT: CONCURRENT ASPERGILLOSIS, STAPHYLOCOCCOSIS AND COCCIDIOSIS IN BROILER CHICKENS IN BENOA, BALI Putri, Dilyanti Maya; Widyasanti, Ni Wayan Helpina; Winaya, Ida Bagus Oka; Putra, I Putu Cahyadi; Astawa, I Nyoman Mantik
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. February 2026 Vol. 18 No. 1
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2026.v18.i01.p12

Abstract

Co-infection of Aspergillus fumigatus with Staphylococcus sp and Eimeria spp that occur in poultry farming systems has the potential to increase the severity of the disease and cause significant economic losses. This case report aims to report the results of a diagnosis of coinfection of the disease in broiler chickens at one of the farms in Benoa, South Kuta District, Badung Regency, Bali. The farm has a capacity of 16,000 heads with a closed cage system. The examination was carried out based on epidemiological fingerprints, anamnesis, clinical examination, pathology, bacteriological tests, mycology and parasitology. Clinical symptoms observed include anorexia, weakness, curled up, drowsiness, and being smaller than peers of his age (dwarf). Interview data showed that as many as 0.78% of the chicken population showed symptoms of disease (morbidity), with a mortality rate of 0.075%. About 1.05% of infected chickens die (CFR). The results of an anatomical pathology examination found a multisystemic form of aspergillosis characterized by many yellowish-white granulomas of various sizes in various organs, including the lungs, heart, proventriculus, ventricles, kidneys, spleen, and small intestine. On histopathological examination, there are special granulomatous lesions in which there are septated hyphae. Mycological tests showed the presence of Aspergillus fumigatus infection. Bacteriological tests identified the presence of Staphylococcus sp., while parasitological tests detected the presence of Eimeria spp. with a value of 12,300 oocysts per gram. Based on a series of examinations carried out, the case chickens experienced aspergillosis, staphycococosis, and coccidiosis at the same time. Coinfection of the disease needs to be a concern because it can make it difficult to diagnose and control the disease.
Studi Kasus: Koksidiosis Bentuk Intestinal dan Sekum Disertai Dugaan Infeksi Virus pada Ayam Broiler di Kecamatan Ungasan, Bali Putri, Rindar Mentari Nusanti; Putra, I Putu Cahyadi; Kardena, I Made; Suarjana, I Gusti Ketut; Astawa, I Nyoman Mantik
Jurnal Veteriner Nusantara Vol 9 No 1 (2026): Februari, 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jvn.v9i1.27275

Abstract

Coccidiosis, Avian Influenza (AI), and Newcastle Disease (ND) are important diseases in broiler chickens that can cause economic losses. This case report aimed to identify the causative agents and describe the pathological changes in broiler chickens suspected of having coccidiosis accompanied by viral infection in the Ungasan District of Bali. The broiler chickens were approximately 25 days old and had bloody diarrhea. The examinations included anamnesis, epidemiological investigation, anatomical pathology, histopathology, parasitology, and bacteriology. Based on epidemiological data, morbidity was 0.7%, mortality was 0.2%, and the case fatality rate was 30% of the total population of 14,000 birds. Anatomical pathology and histopathological examinations revealed changes in almost all organs, indicating infection with the AI and/or ND virus. Necrosis, hemorrhage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and clusters of Eimeria spp. at various life stages were observed in the intestines and caecum. Qualitative and McMaster fecal examinations revealed the presence of Eimeria spp. oocysts at a rate of 132,700 oocysts/gram. Bacteriological examination identified the growth of Escherichia coli, but without any indication of secondary infection from bacteria because Escherichia coli is the normal flora of the intestine. Based on these examination results, it can be concluded that the chickens were infected with intestinal and cecal coccidiosis caused by Eimeria spp., accompanied by suspected ND and/or AI.
Pathogenesis studies of African swine fever virus isolates from Bali and East Nusa Tenggara as a basis for inactivated vaccine development Tenaya, I Wayan Masa; Agustina, Kadek Karang; Suada, Ketut; Sukada, Made; Mufa, Romy Muhammad Dary; Apsari, Ida Ayu Pasti; Dwinata, I Made; Ardana, Ida Bagus Komang; Damriyasa, Made; Sari, Tri Komala; Astawa, Nyoman Mantik; Supartika, Ketut Eli; Wirata, Ketut; Suarsana, Nyoman; Suartha, Nyoman
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol9.iss1.2026.150-160

Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and lethal disease of pigs for which no effective vaccine is currently available. This study evaluated the pathogenicity of field African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolates from Bali and East Nusa Tenggara and assessed their potential for inactivated vaccine development using spleen-derived antigens. Based on the qPCR results, among all ASFV isolates tested, only the Bali isolate, designated B1, exhibited the highest DNA concentration, suggesting that this sample contained the highest ASFV titer. Consequently, the B1 isolate was selected and processed into chemically treated (CT-ASFV) and non-treated (NCT-ASFV) formulations. In the pathogenesis trials, pigs inoculated with NCT-ASFV developed acute ASF and died within 12 days, whereas those receiving CT-ASFV exhibited no clinical signs of ASF and showed no evidence of viral replication. In the vaccination trial, pigs immunized with CT-ASFV emulsified in Montanideā„¢ ISA 50 V2 demonstrated survival in two out of three animals (67%) following challenge with a virulent strain, while all control animals succumbed to infection. Despite the absence of detectable humoral responses as determined by ELISA, the observed protection suggests a potential role for cell-mediated immunity. These findings indicate that the B1 isolate was highly virulent and represents a promising candidate for the development of an inactivated ASF vaccine. Further evaluation in larger-scale field trials is warranted.
Co-Authors A. A. G. P. Wiraguna A.A. Wiradewi Lestari A.A.G. Sudewa AAG Budhitresna AAG Putra Ahmad Hamim Sadewa Aida Lousie Tenden Rompis Alberto Agustinho Pereira Da Costa Joao Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi Anak Agung Bagus Bramardipa Anak Agung Gede Sudewa Djelantik Anak Agung Keswari Krisnandika Anak Agung Ngurah Subawa Anak Agung Oka Wijaya Anak Agung Sagung Kendran and R. Kusnandi Andika Budi Kurnianto Anwar Santoso Arthawan Arthawan Bayu Setiabudi Berata , I Ketut Chandra Yowani Dewa Ayu Agus Sri Laksmi DWI SURYANTO Dyah Kanya Wati Faiziah - G.A.M.K. Dewi Gusti Ayu Mayani Kristina Dewi Gusti Ayu Yuniati Kencana Gusti Ngurah Narendra Putra Harjana, Ngakan Putu Anom HARTANINGSIH - Hartaningsih . I D. N. Wibawa I Dewa Made Sukrama I Gede Ngurah Harry Wijaya Surya I GEDE PUTU WIRAWAN I Gusti Agung Arta Putra I Gusti Agung Ayu Suartini I Gusti Agung Dewi Sarihati I Gusti Agung Trisna Windiani I Gusti Ayu Putu Eka Pratiwi I Gusti Ketut Suarjana I Gusti Made Krisna Erawan I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika I Gusti Ngurah Sudisma I K. Sukardika I Kadek Swastika I Ketut Berata I Ketut Eli Supartika I Ketut Junitha I Ketut Suada I Ketut Suada I Ketut Suastika I Ketut Suastika I KETUT SUATA I Ketut Suatha I Ketut Suwiyoga I Made Bakta I Made Damriyasa I Made Dwinata I Made Galih Diparayoga I Made Jawi I Made Kardena I Made Subrata I Made Sudarmaja I Made Sukada i Nengah Wandia I Nyoman Agus Bagiada I Nyoman Budi Hartawan I Nyoman Polos I Nyoman Suarsana I Nyoman Suartha I Putu Cahyadi Putra, I Putu Cahyadi I Putu Sudiarta I W. Wita, I W. I Wayan Bebas I Wayan Gorda I Wayan Masa Tenaya I Wayan Masa Tenaya, I Wayan Masa I Wayan Megadhana I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa I Wayan Suardana I Wayan Wita I.A.P. Apsari I.B.K. Suardana I.H. Utama I.W. Batan Ida Ayu Pasti Apsari Ida Bagus Gede Suparyatha Ida Bagus Kade Suardana Ida Bagus Komang Ardana Ida Bagus Made Oka Ida Bagus Ngurah Swacita Ida Bagus Oka Winaya Ida Bagus Suardana Ida Bagus Subanada Ignatius Ferdi Yuatmadja Inna Narayani K. Sri Marhaeni Julyasih K. Suata K. Sukardika Kadek Karang Agustina Ketut Budiasa Ketut ELI Supartika Ketut Santhia Adhy Putra KETUT SUADA Ketut Suata Ketut Tirtayasa Luh Dewi Anggreni LUH PUTU AGUSTINI Luh Putu Agustini Luh Putu Wrasiati M.D. Rudyanto M.Pd S.T. S.Pd. I Gde Wawan Sudatha . Made Damriyasa, Made Made Oka Ari kamayani, Made Oka Ari Made Wiryana Marissa Divia Dayanti Marson, Fransiska Gratia Sonita Mudinillah, Adam Mufa, Romy Muhammad Dary N. T. Suryadhi Ngakan Putu Anom Harjana Ni Luh Putu Eka Diarthini NI LUH PUTU MANIK WIDIYANTI Ni Made Krisna Dewi Ni Made Suaniti NINING HARTANINGSIH Nyoman Agus Bagiada Nyoman Suartha Nyoman Tigeh Suryadi Oka Lely Palagan Senopati Sewoyo Purwitasari, Made Santi Putri, Dilyanti Maya Putri, Rindar Mentari Nusanti Putu Ayu Asri Damayanti Putu Ayu Sisyawati Putriningsih Rasmaya Niruri Rasmaya Niruri S. Soetjiningsih, S. S. Sotjiningsih S.K. Widyastuti sang gede purnama Sewoyo, Palagan Senopati Siti Maryam Soetjiningsih - Soetjiningsih . Sri Kayati Widyastuti Sri Wahjuni Sukada, Made SUMARNO Suryadi, Nyoman Tigeh Sutjahjo Suherman, Sutjahjo Suwarno - T. Sari Nindia Tjok Gede Oka Pemayun, Tjok Gede Oka Tjokorda Gde Agung Suwardewa TRI KOMALA SARI Wayan Tunas Artama Widyasanti, Ni Wayan Helpina Wimpie I Pangkahila Wirata, Ketut Yasunobu Matsumoto Yosevangelika Hutabarat Yoshihiro Hayashi