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Synthesis of Cellulose Stearate Ester as Wet Strength Agent for Synthesis of Bio-polybag from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Eddy Kurniawan; Rizka Mulyawan; Angga Tri Agusna PA; Wika Armadani; Zainuddin Ginting
International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Vol 2, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Malikussaleh University, Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (752.502 KB) | DOI: 10.52088/ijesty.v2i2.227

Abstract

Biodegradable polybags are an alternative to overcome the weakness of synthetic polybags because of their degradation properties. Oil palm empty fruit bunches contain a lot of cellulose so that they can be used as a biodegradable polybag. Wet Strength serves to increase the physical strength of bio-polybags when exposed to water (in wet conditions) so that water content stability is required. In this study, Cellulose Stearate Esters were synthesized in an effort to increase the stability of the water content in bio-polybags. Cellulose Stearate Esters are synthesized through a transesterification reaction between -Cellulose isolated from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) with methyl stearate. The synthesis of cellulose stearate esters was carried out by refluxing for 2 hours using methanol solvent with various catalysts Na2CO3 5, 10, 15, 20 mg and with volume variations of methyl stearate 5, 10, 15. And the best variation was determined based on the degree of substitution test, namely with variations Na2CO3 catalyst 20 mg and volume of methyl Stearate 15 ml, amounting to 1.95. The result of the synthesis, namely cellulose stearate, was tested for functional groups by FT-IR spectroscopy and surface morphology using SEM. The formation of cellulose stearate is supported by the FT-IR spectrum in the wavenumber region of 3468.01 cm-1 indicating an OH group, 3062.96 cm-1 indicating a CH stretching group, 1695.43 cm-1 indicating a C=O group, cm-1 indicating a CH bending group, 1095.57cm-1 indicates a COC group, 609.51cm-1 indicates a (CH2)n4 group. The results of surface morphology analysis using SEM showed that the surface of cellulose stearate looked homogeneous, more regular and had denser cavities than -Cellulose
Pembuatan Biobriket dari Campuran Bottom Ash dengan Limbah Padat Kelapa Muda Menggunakan Lem Molase sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Heriansyah Tampubolon; Dede Ibrahim Muthawali; Zainuddin Ginting; Jalaluddin Jalaluddin; Budhi Santri Kusuma
IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) Vol 3 No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : CV. IRA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56862/irajtma.v3i1.39

Abstract

Biobriquettes are solid fuels made from compressed organic residues with adhesives. Bottom ash, a byproduct of boiler combustion at PT Blang Ketumba, and young coconut solid waste both have high calorific value and can be utilized as bio briquettes. This study uses a mixture of young coconut waste and molasses adhesive. The research aims to assess the benefits of these materials in bio briquettes, analyze the composition of bottom ash and young coconut waste, and examine the impact of varying ratios of these materials with molasses adhesive. The biobriquette production process involves mixing bottom ash and coconut waste with 2%, 3%, and 4% molasses adhesive in ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100. The resulting biobriquettes are evaluated for moisture, ash content, bulk density, combustion rate, and calorific value. The optimal biobriquette, with 25:75 bottom ash to coconut waste and 4% adhesive, showed 7.6% moisture, 5.9% ash, 14.76% volatiles, 71.74% fixed carbon, 1.74 g/cm³ density, 0.32 cal/sec combustion rate, and 5142 cal/g calorific value, meeting SNI 01-6235-2000 standards.
Karakteristik Biopelet Dari Limbah Kulit Kelapa Muda Dan Batok Kelapa Menggunakan Perekat Getah Pinus Sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Sekar Aulia; Zainuddin Ginting; Dede Ibrahim Muthawali; Ishak Ishak; Muhammad Muhammad; Eddi Kurniawan; Budhi Santri Kusuma
IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) Vol 3 No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : CV. IRA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56862/irajtma.v3i1.61

Abstract

Biopellets are an energy source derived from biomass that can serve as a substitute for fossil fuels. This study uses young coconut waste consisting of husks and shells and coconut shells as the main raw materials. This research aims to analyze the characteristics of bio pellets through proximate analysis, calorific value, density, and combustion rate tests. The bio-pellets are produced through a carbonization process using pine resin adhesive with varying raw material compositions of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100, and adhesive concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%—previous research combined coconut shells with instant coffee grounds to create bio-pellets. The results of this study indicate that the best bio-pellets are made from a mixture of young coconut waste and coconut shells with a 25:75 ratio and 30% adhesive concentration. These bio-pellets have a moisture content of 7.0%, ash content of 0.8%, volatile matter of 14.76%, fixed carbon of 76.96%, combustion rate of 0.028 g/min, density of 1.410%, and a calorific value of 7468.51 cal/g, meeting the SNI 8021-2014 standards.
Co-Authors -, Sulhatun - -, Suryati - A M Syam abdullah, humaira Absa, Munzir Adi Setiawan Adrin, Prista Agam Muarif Agus Salim Ahmad Fikri Amiratul Husna Angga Tri Agusna PA Angga Tri Agusna PA Armadani, Wika Arnawan Hasibuan Ashish Shrestha Asnadia Asnadia Asran Asran Aulia, Muhammad Rifki Aurora, Tassa Azhari Azhari Budhi Santri Kusuma Chairina Chairina Chalisna Wildani Dahliana Abdullah Darianto Darianto Dede Ibrahim Mutawali Dede Ibrahim Muthawali Dede Ibrahim Muthawali Dede Ibrahim Muthawali Desi Sri Pasca Sari Sembiring, Desi Sri Pasca Sari Devia Ayu Setyowati Dinda Robiatul Al Qory Eddi Kurniawan Eddy Kurniawan Effendi, Mulia Efri Marnelisa Eryanti Novita Eva Diana Faisal Faisal Faisal Faisal Fatiha Lubis, Rabitha Canny fatimah Fatimah Fazira, Zetta Feni Lestari Berutu Ferri Safriwardy Fibarzi, Wiza Ulfa Fikri Hasfita Fioza Ozly Erian Fitra Rahmatika Fuji Maharani Furqan, Muhammad Alif Gultom, Togu Sahat Martua Gustam Harahap Gusti Indah Sari Hanie, Nawardah Harahap, Handoyo Harahap, Nurul Aulia Heriansyah Tampubolon Hermawan, Yuda Hesni, Yuli Hijjrah, Nur Hijratul Izzati Hukaimah, Hashifah humairah, syarifah siti Husnul Chatimah, Husnul I Ibrahim Ibrahim Muthawali, Dede Ibrahim, Ishak Iqbal Kamar Ishak Ibrahim Ishak Ishak Ishak Ishak Ishak, I Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Jalaluddin Jasmani Jasmani Kamar, Iqbal Kartika Kartika Khairul Anshar Kuniawan, Eddy Lailatul Munouwarah Laksono Trisnantoro Leni Maulinda Leni Maulinda, Leni Lukman Hakim Lukman Hakim Lukman Hakim Luthfi Mughni Anisa Haryono M Muhammad Mahaziva Putri Maghfirah Tambunan Mahdayani Sinaga, Citra Puspita Marsel Suryaa Masrullita Masrullita Masrullita Masrullita Masrullita Masrullita, Masrullita Meriatna Meriatna Mhd Aidil Anwar Misbahul Jannah Muhammad Muhammad Abrar Muhammad Fadlan Siregar Muhammad Ilyas Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Mulyatun Mulyatun Mulyawan, Rizka Muthawali, Dede Ibrahim Muthmainnah Muthmainnah Mutiara Pujana Pujana Nabila Hamnasia Nadira Diandra Narul ZA nashrun habib Nasrul Z.A Nasrul ZA Novi Sylvia Novy Sylvia Nur rizqi Fattah Lubis Nuraini Hutagaol, Intan Nurdiah, Ika Nurhabiah Nurhabiah Nurlaila, Rizka Nurmalita Nurmalita Oktaviani oktaviani panjaitan, Ira wardani Prasatia, Ridha Purwoko, Agus Putri Nurjannah Putri Sara Fhariza Rahayu Lestari Rahma Yanti Ramadhan, Cindia Raudhatul Ulfa Rauzatul Jannah Z Retwan, M.Alif Alzahy Riahni Dima Annisa Sinaga Ridha Gebrina Rizki Rika Santi S. Tumangger Rini Meiyanti Rizka Mulyawan Rizka Mulyawan Rizka Mulyawan Rizka Mulyawan Rizka Nurlaila Rizky, Audry Azilla Rizkya Faradaiza Rozanna Dewi S Maliki Salimuddin Salimuddin Saragih, Tamara Habibi Sarah Sarah Sekar Aulia Seni Laurentia Seriani Annisa Shafira Riskina Shella Vanesa Shintia Clarita Shrestha, Ashish Sitanggang, Evi Dahliani Siti Nurjannah Sri Santika Sri Setiawaty Sry Wahyuni Damanik Sulhatun Sulhatun Sulhatun Suryadi Suryadi Suryati Suryati Suryati Suryati Suryati Syahfitri, Ajeng Syamsul Bahri Syamsul Bahri Syamsul Bahri Syarbaini Ginting Syofyan Anwar Syahputra Tata Tirani Ulfa, Raudhatul Vania, Sherryl Wika Armadani Wika Armadani Wiyani, Sri Wiza Ulfa Fibarzi Wulandari, Melianda Putri Yani, Firda Tirta yanti, eva Yuda Hermawan Yuda Hermawan Yunida Berliana Yunita Pane Zetta Fazira Zetta Fazira Zetta Fazira Zetta Fazira Zulfida Najla Azni Zulmiardi, Zulmiardi Zulnazri, Z