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Intellectual Capital in SMEs: A Bibliometric Study and Directions for Future Research Anggraini, Raden Isma; Maarif, Mohammad Syamsul; Sukmawati, Anggraini; Asikin, Zenal
Indonesian Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): IJBE, Vol. 11 No. 2, May 2025
Publisher : School of Business, IPB University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/ijbe.11.2.404

Abstract

Background: Intellectual capital (IC) has been recognized as a key driver of business performance and sustainability, particularly for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). IC, which comprises human capital, structural capital, and relational capital, plays a crucial role in fostering innovation, improving knowledge management, and enhancing competitive advantage. However, the comprehensive evolution of IC research in SMEs remains underexplored.Purpose: This research seeks to examine the evolution of intellectual capital (IC) studies in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) over the last ten years, pinpoint major contributors, investigate prevailing themes, and uncover emerging directions in the field.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study uses bibliometric analysis with a database sourced from Scopus and uses VOSviewer for visualization. The study applied various bibliometric techniques, including citation analysis, co-word analysis, and bibliographic coupling, to map the intellectual landscape of IC research in SMEs.Findings/Results: The analysis reveals that IC research in SMEs has grown significantly, with an increasing focus on human, structural, and relational capital. Key research themes include innovation, knowledge management, financial performance, and sustainability. The study also identifies Indonesia, Pakistan, Poland, and Portugal as leading contributors to IC research, reflecting the global recognition of knowledge-based economic growth. The study also observes a significant shift toward IC integration with digital transformation and artificial intelligence.Conclusion: This research offers beneficial perspectives for academics, policymakers, and business practitioners by emphasizing the strategic role of IC in SMEs' sustainability. The findings suggest that future research should further explore the intersection of IC with digital transformation and AI-driven business models.Originality/Value (State of the Art): This study is among the first to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of IC research in SMEs, mapping its chronological development and identifying future research directions. Keywords: bibliometric analysis; competitive advantage; digital transformation; intellectual capital; small and medium enterprises (SMEs)
LEADERSHIP STYLE, ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION, AND EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION TO INCREASE EMPLOYEE READINESS IN FACING CHANGES IN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT Puspasari, Novia; Sukmawati, Anggraini; Sumertajaya, I Made
Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen Vol. 15 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (167.703 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jam2017.015.04.12

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of leadership style, organizational communication, and employee participation on employee readiness for changes in business environment at Small-Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in creative economy industrial sector, in partnership program of PT Pertamina (Persero) with criteria of having been established for at least 5 years, employing 20-99 personnels. Based on the criteria, only 3 SMEs meet the requirements; they are located in Bogor, Depok and Jakarta. This study involved 40 people, consisting of SME owners and employees. This study conducted descriptive analysis as well as Structural Equation Modeling PLS. The study resulted that both leadership style and organizational communication brought positive impact directly to employee participation, as well as positive impact indirectly to employee readiness for changes in business environment. In addition, employee participation also created direct positive influence to employee readiness for changes in business environment. The study results also suggest owners to actively communicate regarding planning for changes to improve employee participation. Nonetheless, both SME owners and PT Pertamina (Persero) shall continuously conduct relevant trainings.
DIMENSIONS OF LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS DETERMINING ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT Andri, Andri; Hermawan, Aji; Sukmawati, Anggraini
Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen Vol. 17 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jam.2019.017.01.18

Abstract

This research has several purposes such as analyze the effect of leadership behaviour’s factors on organizational performance and analyze the right leadership behaviour which is proper to apply in organizational performance’s improvement at Palm Oil Mill (POM) Sei Galuh PTVN V, Kampar, Riau. This research used the explanatory survey as research design and purposive sampling as technique sampling from 60 respondents. The purpose of that survey is to measure the leadership behaviour at POM Sei Galuh PTPN V. Questionnaire of this research adopted from three-dimensional leadership model by Yukl. Multiple regression used as the method. Data processed and analyzed using SPSS 24.The result shows that task oriented leadership duty, relationship and change’s behaviour have a stimulant effect on organizational performance. Partially, task oriented leadershipbehaviour has no significant effect, relationship orientedleadership behaviour has a positive and significant effect, and change oriented leadership behaviour has a negative and significant on organizational performance. Future research was expecting to complete this research with qualitative data through in-depth interview and focusing on doing some discussion with staffs starting from operator until top management.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja pada Balai Besar Sumber Daya Lahan Pertanian (BBSDLP) Bogor Syah, Zahir; Sukmawati, Anggraini
Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen Vol. 14 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (199.495 KB) | DOI: 10.18202/jam23026332.14.1.20

Abstract

The employee performance is a major factor for the organization in achieving organizational goals. There are several factors that affect employee performance improvement such as through training, qualification and competence. With training, qualification and competence of employees is expected to increase the knowledge, expertise, skills and attitudes to be able to carry out duties in a professional position with based on personality and ethics in officials in accordance with the needs of agencies in carrying out the tasks given to him. This research aimed to determine: (1) to analyze the role of training on the perfprmance Bbsdlp Cimanggu Bogor, (2) to analyze the role qualification on the performance Bbsdlp Cimanggu Bogor, (3) to analyze the role of competence on the performance Bbsdlp Cimanggu Bogor, (4) to analyze the role of Training, qualification and competence on The performance BBSDLP Cimanggu Bogor. This Research using two types of data is primary and secondary, while the research methode involves two variabel is: The Independent variabel (training,qualification and competence), and the dependen (employee performance). The Population size is taken as 75 samples. This analysis using the multiple linear regression analysis. This research conclude: training, qualification, competence and simultaneously positive and significant impact on the performance Bbsdlp Cimanggu Bogor,is evident from the results of calculation of that t is highest than ttable .
Pengaruh Learning Organization, Kualifikasi Pendidikan, dan Pengalaman Kerja terhadap peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan di Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Lahan Pertanian (BBSDLP) Bogor Khususnya di Bidang Pelayanan Publik Matturungan, Nur Hasbullah; Kurniawati, Ria; Sukmawati, Anggraini
Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen Vol. 14 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (51.962 KB) | DOI: 10.18202/jam23026332.14.2.08

Abstract

Abstract: This study isex postfactowhich aims to determinethe effect ofa learning organization, educational qualifications and work experienceto increasethe performance of employees in Researchand Development Center for Agricultural Land Resources (BBSDLP) Bogor, especially inthe field ofpublic service. The results showed that the learning organization, educational qualification, work experience and togetherhave a significant effecton performance. Partially, learning organization and work experience have a significant effect while the educational qualification isopposite.
Perancangan Balance Scorecard untuk Mengembangkan Modal Insani dan Meningkatkan Kinerja pada Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM) Erwina, .; Sukmawati, Anggraini; Sumertajaya, I Made
Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen Vol. 13 No. 3 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

The success of SMEs could be seen from their performance. However, until now theperformance measurement still use the traditional way in which views the performance onlyfrom the financial perspective. Therefore, it needs a new performance measurement systemwhich is balance scorecard. Based on the problems, this study aimed at designing a performancemeasurement in SMEs with balance scorecard approach as an attempt to develop thehuman capital and to improve the SMEs'performance. The study was conducted in BogorSMEs. The sampling technique was carried out using purposive sampling. The samples ofthis study were SMEs owner, related official, and the expert of SMEs and BSC. The datatabulation and analysis were used literature study, focus group discussion, and in-depthinterview. The result of the study formulated eight strategic targets from four perspectivesand 15 key performance indicators to measure performance in SMEs.
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Pegawai: Studi di Perusahaan Daerah Pasar Tohaga Kabupaten Bogor Ma'arif, M.Syamsul; Sukmawati, Anggraini; Damayanthy, Dessy
Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen Vol. 11 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Employees are the most valuable asset in every organization. The purpose of this study is toanalyze and determine the dominant factors that affect employee performance. Latent variables in this study are individual factors, psychological factors, and organizational factors as exogenous variables as well as performance of the employee as the endogenous variable. The results obtained from Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis suggest that employee performance is determined by creativity and innovation. Employeeperformance is influenced by individual factors and psychological factors. Individual factors that influence employee performance are reflected by indicators of ability and skill. Psychological factors that directly affect performance of the employees are represented by the learning process. While organizational factors reflected by leadership, job design, and, supervision do not affect employees performance.
ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN ASIAN PRODUCTIVITY ORGANIZATION - ASSESSMENT TOOLS PADA PERUSAHAAN PERKEBUNAN INDONESIA Golfidi Djajasoedarma, Muhammad; Sukmawati, Anggraini; Anggraeni, Elisa
BACA: Jurnal Dokumentasi dan Informasi Vol. 41 No. 1 (2020): BACA: Jurnal Dokumentasi dan Informasi (Juni)
Publisher : Direktorat Repositori, Multimedia, dan Penerbitan Ilmiah - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/j.baca.v41i1.506

Abstract

Various changes that occur in the current business environment requires an organization/company to survive and adapt to various changes that occur in the business environment. So companies can survive in the business environment, they must innovate products, expand markets, improve service quality, improve production processes, improve organizational systems, and make cost savings. A company needs to view knowledge as a valuable and strategic resource. With good knowledge management, organizational resources are not easily imitated by business competitors. Knowledge management in this study uses the APO Assessment Tools framework to assess the maturity level of knowledge management of plantation companies. APO Assessment Tools have 7 categories, namely leadership, processes, people, technology, knowledge processes, learning and innovation, and the results of knowledge management. The results showed that knowledge management in plantation companies in Indonesia was approaching maturity.
Designing performance measurement for special job markets in vocational high schools through the balanced scorecard approach Istiyaningrum, Devi; Sukmawati, Anggraini; Ekananta, Arry; Pratama, Galeh Nur Indriatno Putra
Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024): November
Publisher : ADGVI & Graduate School of Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jpv.v14i3.73222

Abstract

Vocational High School Special Job Markets (Bursa Kerja Khusus/ BKK SMK) play a strategic role in enhancing graduates’ competitiveness by linking them with employment opportunities. However, systematic approaches to performance measurement in BKK remain limited, leading to inefficiencies in service delivery and accountability. This study aims to design a comprehensive performance measurement framework for BKK using the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) approach. A qualitative literature review method was employed by examining scholarly articles, official reports, and institutional documents relevant to BKK operations. The analysis highlights that BKK management generally follows four managerial stages: planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. Through the BSC framework, four performance perspectives were identified—financial, customer (students and industry partners), internal processes, and learning and growth. The results suggest that the implementation of BSC provides BKK with a structured tool to assess program effectiveness, monitor performance indicators, and develop targeted strategies for service improvement. Moreover, the study emphasizes the potential of digitalization to strengthen BKK transparency, accountability, and efficiency in job placement services. The original contribution of this research lies in proposing a BSC-based evaluation model that serves as a practical guideline for policymakers, school managers, and industry partners in aligning vocational education outcomes with labor market needs. In doing so, the study advances both theoretical insights into performance measurement systems and practical implications for improving the employability of vocational graduates.
The Role of Employee Engagement in Increasing Talent Retention at A Crude Palm Oil Company Amelia, Dea; Sukmawati, Anggraini; Syafitri, Utami Dyah
Jurnal Samudra Ekonomi dan Bisnis Vol 16 No 3 (2025): JSEB
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Samudra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33059/jseb.v16i3.12768

Abstract

This study examines the effect of employee engagement on talent retention at PT. Wilmar Nabati Indonesia, Dumai, with reward system as a mediating variable. Data were collected from 177 employees through an online questionnaire and analyzed using SEM-PLS with SmartPLS 3.0. Respondents were classified by age, tenure, and educational background. The results show that employee engagement has a positive and significant effect on talent retention. Furthermore, reward system mediates the relationship between employee engagement and talent retention. These findings emphasize the importance of fostering employee engagement and developing effective reward systems to retain critical talent in the crude palm oil industry. The study contributes to the literature by positioning reward system as a mediator, a perspective that has received limited attention in previous research. HR managers should focus on appreciation and clear promotion paths to improve retention.
Co-Authors - Nurheni Abdu Alifah Abdu Alifah Aditya Warman Affandi , M. Joko Affandi, M Joko Affandi, M Joko Affandi, Muhammad Joko Agung Yuniarto Ahmad Rifai Ahmad Rifai Ahmad Syarief Ahmad, Sarah Sabir Ahmat Setiabudi Aida Vitayala Hubeis Aida Vitayala Hubeis Airyq, Irnin Miladdyan Aji Hermawan Aji Hermawan Akbar, M Lucky Akhilla, Kharismatul Zaenab Alex Denni Alfiany, Hana Ali, Noor Azman Amany, Nurfatimah Amir Tengku Ramly An Nisaa Noor Rachmawati Ananda, Muna Siva Andri Andri Andriyono Kilat Adhi Anggraeni , Elisa Anggraini, Raden Isma Aria Andriyadi Arif Haendra Arif Imam Suroso Arry Ekananta Arsyanur, Mustika Retno Arvina Utami Aryanto Purwadi Asri Nur Mutiara Atabani, Afton Aulia Pratiwi, Monica Bagus Sartono Bambang Juanda Bambang Pramudya Noorachmat, Bambang Pramudya Beniko Kusumagiri Bintang Akbar MB Bonar M Sinaga Bonar M Sinaga, Bonar M Burhani, Al-May Abbyan Izzy Burhanuddin Burhanuddin Dalu Agung Darmawan Dalu Agung Darmawan Dea Amelia, Dea Dedi Rahmat Setiadi Dedi Sulistiono Denni, Alex Desi Prabandari Kusuma Ningtyas Dessy Damayanthy Diah Restu Ayu Diki Akhwan Mulya Dwi Rachmina Eka Sunahwati Ekananta , Arry Ekananta, Arry Ekananta, Arry Eko Ruddy Cahyadi Eksita Mariz Ramadhinta Elis Masrifah Elisa Anggraeni Elisa Anggraeni, Elisa Endriatmo Soetarto Eriyatno . Erjayana Ginting Erwina Erwina Farit Mochamad Afendi Fariyanti, Anna Galeh Nur Indriatno Putra Pratama Gandi Aria Wijaya Ginting, Erjayana Golfidi Djajasoedarma, Muhammad GP Ranisa Pranazhira Hafizah Khaerina Hanifah, Reinanda Isfania Hardjomodjojo, Hartrisari Hari Wijayanto Helwah, Nunu Fauzan Herawati Herawati Herdian, Rifa Herlina Retnowati Hermailinda Evianisa Hermandi, Irman Hermawan, Yanda Ekaputra Heryanto, Weko Heti Mulyati Hubeis, Aida Vitayala Sjafri Huda, Usep Firdaus I Made Sumertajaya Imam Hartono Iman, Mutiara Nurul Irman Hermadi Istiyaningrum, Devi Jamaluddin Mahasari Joko Affandi Joko Affandi Joko Affandi Joko Affandi Khaira, Nurul Khairul Ikhwan Koeswanda, Harry Krishnamulya Ristandi, Dani Kusuma, Adhitya Rendra Leny Maryesa Lidiasari, Melisa Lindawati Kartika Lucia Cyrilla Lukman M. Baga M. Joko Affandi M. Syamsul Ma'arif M. Syamsul Maarif M. Syamsul Ma’arif Ma'arif, M.Syamsul Maarif , Mohamad Syamsul Maarif, Mohammad Syamsul Mahasari, Jamaluddin Manalu, Joy Pangeranto Manuel Leonard Sirait Manuel Leonard Sirait Manuel Leonard Sirait Marimin Marimin Matturungan, Nur Hasbullah Maulana, Syahrial Melia, Irma Mohamad Syamsul Ma’arif Muhammad Golfidi Djajasoedarma Muhammad Syamsun Muhammad Syamsun Muhammad Syamsun Muhammad Yusuf Ali Muhammad Yusuf Ali Muharni Ardenis, Dwi Mukhamad Najib Musa Hubeis Muslim, Muhammad Irfai N S Indrasti Nopi Hidayat Nopi Hidayat Nora H. Pandjaitan Nora Purbo Utami Novia Naingolan Nugraha, Arlan Nur Janah Nur Jannah Nurhaeda Abbas Nurheni Nurheni Nurjana Nurjana, Nurjana Nurlia Eka Damayanti Nurmala Katrina Pandjaitan Nurul Khaira Nurus Sabani Octsa Khairus Praharsyarendra Oktarina Nur Widyanti Oktariza, Wawan Popong Nurhayati Primanda, Galih Purwadi, Aryanto Puspasari, Novia Putri Wahyuningrum Putri, Thasya R. Rifa Herdian Raniasari Bimanti Esthi Raysah Yunita Rahma Ria Kurniawati Rizal Syarief Rizal Syarief Ryan Ramanda Nasution, Ryan Ramanda Sadikin Kuswanto Sarma, Ma’mun sayekti, ayutyas Sirait, Manuel Leonard Siti Jahroh Siti Komariah Siti Rachmawati, Tisa Siti Rosidah Sjafri, Aida Vitayala Slamet, Alim Setiawan Sri Maryati Sudibyo, Sri Darmadi Sudibyo, Sri Darmadi Suharno Suharno Sukiswo Dirdjosuparto Sukiswo Dirdjosuparto Sukiswo Dirdjosuparto Supartini , Vebi Dewi Syamsul Maarif Syamsun, Muhammad Tengku Ariefanda Aziz Thahir, Abizar Giffari Tri Wiji Nurani Triana Gita Dewi Trisnawati, Ike Triyonggo, Yunus U Dyah Syafitri Ujang Sumarwan Utami Dyah Syafitri Vebi Dewi Supartini Veithzal Rivai Zainal Warman, M. Aditya Wildanur Adawiyah Windarti Windarti Yanda Ekaputra Hermawan Yudha Heryawan Asnawi Yunus Triyonggo Yunus Triyonggo, Yunus Yuviani Kusumawardhani Zahir Syah, Zahir Zahra Azhar Shafira Puspita Hakim Zenal Asikin