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SEJARAH SOSIOLOGIS BUDAYA BERNAFKAH KOMUNITAS ADAT SUKU DUANO Amrifo, Viktor; Dharmawan, Arya H.; Sunito, Satyawan; Soetarto, Endriatmo
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 24, No 2 (2014): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v24i2.3122

The milestones of Duano Tribeâs livelihood culture can be grouping into 4 periodes. The periodization based on the adaptation of Duano Tribe community toÂ bio-physic environment change or livelihood place change that used observation, interview, and document study to collect the data.Â The first is year before 1722 where they was a sea nomads in Malaka Strait. In this period, Duano Tribe developed their livelihood culture based on schooling fish hunting activity. The second is year since 1722 to 1932 where theÂ Duanoâs livelihood place moved to caostal zone and small island of Malaka Strait. In this period,Â They developed livelihood culture based on sea nomads and fishingÂ technology, but natural culture that used in livelihood activity changed to pelagic fish and small fish. The third is year since 1932 to 1960, where the livelihood culture of Duano Tribe was in transition phase. In this period, livelihood activity of Duano Tribe changed to fishing activity at estuarin ecosystem in Berhala Strait. And the last is year after 1960, where the livelihood culture of Duano Tribe based on âmenongkahâ activity. Interaction between Duano community and state effect on their livelihood culture change. The adaptation of Duano Tribe community to bio-physic environment that was being effected by state power or another external power can be called as semi-natural adaptation.Keywords: Duano Tribe, Livelihood culture, Semi-natural adaptation, Sea nomads, FishermenTonggak-tonggak sejarah bernafkah Suku Duano yang dilihat dari adaptasi mereka terhadap lingkungan biofisik dapat dikelompokkan menjadi 4 periode. Pengelompokkan ini diperoleh melalui serangkaian proses pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan studi literatur. Periode pertama adalah masa sebelum tahun 1722 dengan budaya bernafkah sebagai pengembara laut yang berburu ikan-ikan ruaya, periode kedua diantara tahun 1722 sampai 1932 sebagai pengembara laut yang berburu ikan-ikan perairan dangkal, periode ketiga dari tahun 1932 sampai 1960 sebagai peralihan dari pengembara laut ke nelayan menetap yang memanfaatkan sumberdaya perikanan muara-pantai, dan periode keempat setelah tahun 1960 sebagai nelayan menetap yang menangkap/menungumpulkan sumberdaya perikanan muara-pantai atau aktivitas menongkah. Interaksi Suku Duano dan negara mempengaruhi perubahan budaya bernafkah budaya bernafkah mereka. Perubahan budaya bernafkah yang dipengaruhi oleh kekuatan negara atau kekuatan lain diluar komunitas dapat disebut semi-natural adaptasi.Kata Kunci: Suku Duano, Budaya Bernafkah, Adaptasi Semi-natural, pengembara laut, nelayanÂ Â

SEJARAH PENGUASAAN SUMBER DAYA PESISIR DAN LAUT DI TELUK TOMINI Obie, Muhammad; Soetarto, Endriatmo; Soemarti, Titik; Saharuddin, Saharuddin
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 25, No 1 (2015): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v25i1.3422

This article aims to analyze the historical milestones of coastal and sea resources management in Tomini Bay. It used a critical theory paradigm with two strategies, namely historical sociology and case studies. The collected data were primary and secondary ones, then were analyzed by using qualitative approach. The analysis results indicated that coastal and sea management in To-mini Bay could be divided into era before 1901, when Bajo Tribe was the sea adventurer in To-mini Bay as well as owning the resources. Since 1901 to independence era of Old Order, Bajo tribe began to settle to coastal area, built houses above the sea surfaces with economic resources coming from fishing and other sea pickings.Â During the New Order, precisely from 1977 to Reformation Order, the existence of Bajo Tribe was terribly disturbed by the wood company, fishpond, and conservation policy. In this era, Bajo Tribe faced the resettlement pressure that caused their community was divided, Sea Bajo and Land Bajo.Â This reality caused the access of the Land Bajo community to the coastal and sea resources was limited, while the Sea Bajo community was progressively under the pressure of of the expansion of the wood company, fishpond, and conservation policy.Key words: Bajo Tribe, wood company, fishpond, conservation, resettlement, cultural tourismTujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis tonggak-tonggak sejarah penguasaan sumber daya pesisir dan laut di Teluk Tomini. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma teori kritis, dengan strategi sosiologi sejarah dan studi kasus. Data yang terkumpul berupa data primer dan data sekunder, kemudian dianalisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguasaan sumber daya pesisir dan laut di Teluk Tomini dapat dibagi atas masa sebelum tahun 1901, yang ditandai Suku Bajo sebagai pengembara laut di Teluk Tomini sekaligus me-nguasai sumber daya yang ada. Sejak tahun 1901 sampai masa kemerdekaan (Orde Lama), Suku Bajo mulai hidup menetap dengan membangun rumah di atas permukaan laut, ekonomi bersumber dari menangkap ikan di pesisir dan mengumpulkan hasil-hasil laut lainnya. Memasuki Orde Baru, tepatnya mulai tahun 1977 sampai Orde Reformasi, eksistensi Suku Bajo mulai terganggu dengan masuknya perusahaan kayu, tambak, dan kebijakan konservasi. Di era ini Suku Bajo mengalami tekanan resettlement, menyebabkan komunitas mereka terbelah. Akses komunitas Bajo Darat ke laut menjadi terbatas, sementara komunitas Bajo Laut makin terjepit oleh ekspansi perusahaan kayu, tambak, dan kebijakan konservasi.Kata-kata kunci: Suku Bajo, perusahaan kayu, usaha tambak, konservasi, resettlement, pariwisata budayaÂ Â

Regional Economic Development Strategy in Preparation for the Establishment of a New Autonomous Region in Indonesia Firmansyah, Lepi Ali; Soetarto, Endriatmo; Kusnadi, Nunung
Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Vol 15, No 1 (2014): JEP Juni 2014
Publisher : Universitas Muhammdaiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

In general, the purpose of this study is to analyze the economic potential readiness in South Cianjur Development Region and formulate economic development strategies in an effort to achieve independence in the execution of development. The method of analysis used in this study are the analysis of Location Quotient, analysis of Limpitan Sejajar system, analysis of Internal Factor Evaluation Matrix (IFE Matrix) and External Factor Evaluation Matrix analysis (EFE matrix), analysis of matrix Strength-Weakness-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT), and analysis of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). The analysis showed that South Cianjur has potential, especially on: (1) agriculture, livestock, fisheries and forestry sector; (2) the mining and quarrying sector; and (3) the tourism sector. Based on IFE- EFE matrix analysis and SWOT analysis, South Cianjur district has priority strategy that uses internal strength to take advantage of external opportunities (S-O strategies). Selected strategic priorities are: (1) the development of agriculture by ecotourism, ecotourism and community forestry pattern; (2) the development of agroindustry; and (3) select and promote the spesific commodity to provide value-added (GDP and PAD).

Politik Konservasi Taman Nasional Batang Gadis Kabupaten Mandailing Natal SAPUTRA, DONY; SOETARTO, ENDRIATMO; ADIWIBOWO, SOERYO
Politeia: Jurnal Ilmu Politik Vol 6, No 2 (2014): Volume 6 No 2 Juli 2014
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Conflict is a part of social phenomenon. The conservation policy of Batang Gadis National Park (TNBG) âat Mandailing Natal Regency Sumatera Utara Province- coloured with diverse interests of the actors. These interests had caused a conflict due to the overlap of area of TNBG and area of mining concession owned by PT. Sorikmas Mining (PT. SMM). This research pur-poses to explore and examine the interests behind establishment of conservation policy of TNBG which had emerged conflict from political eclogy perspective. The finding shows that establish-ment policy of TNBG was not purely initiated by environmental preservation motives, but TNBG was an existence of diverse economic interests of many actors. TNBG is also became arena by local elites and the NGO activist for their local political purposes. This study is using political ecology as the approach and the data collection is using field research. Analysis is using qualitative technique.Keywords: Conservation policy, political ecology, conflict.

Relations of Household Socio-Economic Condition with the Interest of Rural Youth in Agricultural Sector Sari, Melia; Soetarto, Endriatmo; Shohibuddin, Muhammad
Jurnal Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [JSKPM] Vol 1, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Departemen Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, IPB

Agricultural activities work must be able to fulfill the economic needs and approved by the community as a decent job, so many people enthusiast. Nowadays, interested of youth from the family farmers is decreasing to work in agriculture. It shows from the socio-economic conditions of farm households. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship of land ownership, income, housing conditions and education to the interests of village youth in agriculture. This research uses quantitative data approach with survey method supported by qualitative data in the form of in-depth interview. Respondents consist of 54 youths of children of farmers and aged 16-30 years. The respondents selected by random sampling method. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between income and housing conditions with the interests of village youth in agriculture.Keywords: agricultural, youth interest, socio-economic conditions================================================ABSTRAKPekerjaan di bidang pertanian harus mampu memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi dan diakui oleh masyarakat sebagai pekerjaan yang layak sehingga banyak peminatnya. Saat ini minat pemuda desa untuk dapat bekerja di bidang pertanian semakin berkurang. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari keadaan kondisi-sosial ekonomi rumah tangga petani. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan kepemilikan lahan, pendapatan, status-kondisi rumah tempat tinggal dan pendidikan dengan minat pemuda desa di bidang pertanian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan data kuantitatif dengan metode survei yang didukung data kualitatif berupa wawancara mendalam. Responden terdiri dari 54 orang pemuda yang merupakan anak dari petani dan berumur 16-30 tahun. Pemilahan responden melalui metode pengambilan sampel acak. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pendapatan dan status-kondisi rumah tempat tinggal dengan minat pemuda desa di bidang pertanian.Kata kunci: pertanian, minat pemuda, kondisi sosial-ekonomi

Dampak Aktivitas Produksi Tambang Semen Tonasa terhadap Perubahan Tingkat Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan Nurlaila, Nurlaila; Soetarto, Endriatmo
Jurnal Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [JSKPM] Vol 1, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Departemen Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, IPB

Indonesia's population growth has increased. This increase was not followed by the addition of the amount of area available on earth. Around 237 641 326 Indonesian people now have to rely on the environment that will animate them. Became one of the industry's growth efforts for the country to be able to improve the welfare of its people. Results from this study showed that the difference Based Wilcoxon test, there were no significant differences in welfare conditions before and after the cement maker, Z = -0.089; p> 0.05, which means that the presence of these companies do not improve the welfare of the community objective. Based on the results of Spearman Rank correlation there is a significant correlation between changes in the agrarian structure and the level of prosperity in the pre-construction period (20 years), r (41) = 0,030; p <0.05, and the correlation between the two was significant (p <0.05). The condition of public welfare changes caused by changes in the agrarian structure which occurred before the company operates so as to encourage changes in the landscape and community involvement.Keywords: mine production, agrarian structure, landscape changing-----------------------ABSTRAKPertumbuhan penduduk Indonesia mengalami peningkatan. Peningkatan ini tidak diikuti dengan penambahan jumlah wilayah yang tersedia di muka bumi. SekitarÂ 237.641.326Â jiwa penduduk Indonesia kini harus menggantungkan hidupnya pada lingkungan yang akan menghidupkan mereka.Â Pertumbuhan industriÂ menjadi salah satu usaha bagi negara untuk dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakatnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan uji perbedaan Wilcoxon, tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada kondisi kesejahteraan sebelum dan setelah adanya perusahaan semen, Z = -0,089; p>0,05 yang artinya dengan adanya perusahaan tersebut tidak meningkatkan kesejahteraan objektif masyarakat. Berdasarkan hasil korelasi Rank Spearman terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara perubahan struktur agraria dan tingkat kesejahteraan pada waktu pra-construction (20 tahun terakhir), r(41) = 0,030; p<0,05 serta korelasi antara keduanya signifikan (p<0,05). Kondisi kesejahteraan masyarakat mengalami perubahan yang diakibatkan oleh perubahan struktur agraria yang terjadi sebelum perusahaan beroperasi sehingga mendorong perubahan bentang alam dan pelibatan masyarakat.Kata kunci Â : produksi tambang, struktur agraria, perubahan bentang alam

SEJARAH PENGUASAAN SUMBER DAYA PESISIR DAN LAUT DI TELUK TOMINI Obie, Muhammad; Soetarto, Endriatmo; Soemarti, Titik; Saharuddin, Saharuddin
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 25, No 1 (2015): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v25i1.3422

This article aims to analyze the historical milestones of coastal and sea resources management in Tomini Bay. It used a critical theory paradigm with two strategies, namely historical sociology and case studies. The collected data were primary and secondary ones, then were analyzed by using qualitative approach. The analysis results indicated that coastal and sea management in To-mini Bay could be divided into era before 1901, when Bajo Tribe was the sea adventurer in To-mini Bay as well as owning the resources. Since 1901 to independence era of Old Order, Bajo tribe began to settle to coastal area, built houses above the sea surfaces with economic resources coming from fishing and other sea pickings.Â During the New Order, precisely from 1977 to Reformation Order, the existence of Bajo Tribe was terribly disturbed by the wood company, fishpond, and conservation policy. In this era, Bajo Tribe faced the resettlement pressure that caused their community was divided, Sea Bajo and Land Bajo.Â This reality caused the access of the Land Bajo community to the coastal and sea resources was limited, while the Sea Bajo community was progressively under the pressure of of the expansion of the wood company, fishpond, and conservation policy.Key words: Bajo Tribe, wood company, fishpond, conservation, resettlement, cultural tourismTujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis tonggak-tonggak sejarah penguasaan sumber daya pesisir dan laut di Teluk Tomini. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma teori kritis, dengan strategi sosiologi sejarah dan studi kasus. Data yang terkumpul berupa data primer dan data sekunder, kemudian dianalisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguasaan sumber daya pesisir dan laut di Teluk Tomini dapat dibagi atas masa sebelum tahun 1901, yang ditandai Suku Bajo sebagai pengembara laut di Teluk Tomini sekaligus me-nguasai sumber daya yang ada. Sejak tahun 1901 sampai masa kemerdekaan (Orde Lama), Suku Bajo mulai hidup menetap dengan membangun rumah di atas permukaan laut, ekonomi bersumber dari menangkap ikan di pesisir dan mengumpulkan hasil-hasil laut lainnya. Memasuki Orde Baru, tepatnya mulai tahun 1977 sampai Orde Reformasi, eksistensi Suku Bajo mulai terganggu dengan masuknya perusahaan kayu, tambak, dan kebijakan konservasi. Di era ini Suku Bajo mengalami tekanan resettlement, menyebabkan komunitas mereka terbelah. Akses komunitas Bajo Darat ke laut menjadi terbatas, sementara komunitas Bajo Laut makin terjepit oleh ekspansi perusahaan kayu, tambak, dan kebijakan konservasi.Kata-kata kunci: Suku Bajo, perusahaan kayu, usaha tambak, konservasi, resettlement, pariwisata budayaÂ Â

SEJARAH SOSIOLOGIS BUDAYA BERNAFKAH KOMUNITAS ADAT SUKU DUANO Amrifo, Viktor; Dharmawan, Arya H.; Sunito, Satyawan; Soetarto, Endriatmo
Paramita: Historical Studies Journal Vol 24, No 2 (2014): PARAMITA
Publisher : History Department, Semarang State University and Historian Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/paramita.v24i2.3122

The milestones of Duano Tribeâ€™s livelihood culture can be grouping into 4 periodes. The periodization based on the adaptation of Duano Tribe community toÂ bio-physic environment change or livelihood place change that used observation, interview, and document study to collect the data.Â The first is year before 1722 where they was a sea nomads in Malaka Strait. In this period, Duano Tribe developed their livelihood culture based on schooling fish hunting activity. The second is year since 1722 to 1932 where theÂ Duanoâ€™s livelihood place moved to caostal zone and small island of Malaka Strait. In this period,Â They developed livelihood culture based on sea nomads and fishingÂ technology, but natural culture that used in livelihood activity changed to pelagic fish and small fish. The third is year since 1932 to 1960, where the livelihood culture of Duano Tribe was in transition phase. In this period, livelihood activity of Duano Tribe changed to fishing activity at estuarin ecosystem in Berhala Strait. And the last is year after 1960, where the livelihood culture of Duano Tribe based on â€œmenongkahâ€ activity. Interaction between Duano community and state effect on their livelihood culture change. The adaptation of Duano Tribe community to bio-physic environment that was being effected by state power or another external power can be called as semi-natural adaptation.Keywords: Duano Tribe, Livelihood culture, Semi-natural adaptation, Sea nomads, FishermenTonggak-tonggak sejarah bernafkah Suku Duano yang dilihat dari adaptasi mereka terhadap lingkungan biofisik dapat dikelompokkan menjadi 4 periode. Pengelompokkan ini diperoleh melalui serangkaian proses pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan studi literatur. Periode pertama adalah masa sebelum tahun 1722 dengan budaya bernafkah sebagai pengembara laut yang berburu ikan-ikan ruaya, periode kedua diantara tahun 1722 sampai 1932 sebagai pengembara laut yang berburu ikan-ikan perairan dangkal, periode ketiga dari tahun 1932 sampai 1960 sebagai peralihan dari pengembara laut ke nelayan menetap yang memanfaatkan sumberdaya perikanan muara-pantai, dan periode keempat setelah tahun 1960 sebagai nelayan menetap yang menangkap/menungumpulkan sumberdaya perikanan muara-pantai atau aktivitas menongkah. Interaksi Suku Duano dan negara mempengaruhi perubahan budaya bernafkah budaya bernafkah mereka. Perubahan budaya bernafkah yang dipengaruhi oleh kekuatan negara atau kekuatan lain diluar komunitas dapat disebut semi-natural adaptasi.Kata Kunci: Suku Duano, Budaya Bernafkah, Adaptasi Semi-natural, pengembara laut, nelayanÂ Â

Peran Organisasi Pembelajar dalam Gerakan Petani Iswari, Fani Dwi; Soetarto, Endriatmo; Shohibuddin, Mohammad
Jurnal Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [JSKPM] Vol 2, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, IPB

Medalsari community had been enduring the casualties after the access of their arable lands disturbed. The access-losing caused by land deprivation as a result of Perum Perhutaniâ€™s officers moving the land boundaries. By that, peasants start self-organized and build collective acts to facing the conflict. The peasant's need in collecting the knowledge brings them to involved in a learning process that transformed the movement as a learning organization. This thesis aimed to analyze structure changing of land occupying that turns into an object of conflict and identify learning organization in the peasantâ€™s movement. The research using the quantitative approach supported by qualitative data. Snowball method is used as the sampling method and taken by purpose. The result of the research shows that facilitating factors such as the open climate of openness and continuous education than learning orientation in the form of skill development have a strong relationship with the peasant movement dimension.Keywords: agrarian movement, collective awareness, organizational learning systemÂ ABSTRAK Masyarakat Desa Medalsari mengalami kerugian pasca terganggunya akses terhadap lahan garapan. Hilangnya lahan tersebut disebabkan oleh penyerobotan lahan yang dilakukan oleh oknum Perum Perhutani dengan cara memindahkan tapal batas lahan. Petani mulai mengorganisasikan diri dan membangun aksi kolektif dalam menghadapi sengketa. Kebutuhan petani akan peningkatan wawasan membawa mereka aktif mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran yang mentransformasikan gerakan petani sebagai organisasi pembelajar. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk menganalisa perubahan struktur penguasaan lahan yang menjadi objek sengketa dan mengidentifikasi organisasi pembelajar dalam gerakan petani. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang didukung oleh data kualitatif. Metode penarikan sampel yang digunakan adalah metode snowball sedangkan pemilihan terhadap informan dilakukan secara sengaja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor fasilitas berupa iklim terbuka dan pendidikan berkelanjutan serta orientasi belajar berupa pengembangan keterampilan memiliki hubungan yang kuat dengan dimensi gerakan petani.Kata kunci: gerakan agraria, kesadaran kolektif, sistem belajar organisasi

Deagrarianization and Local Food Security Strategy for Peasant Communities in Rural Central Java Pujiriyani, Dwi Wulan; Soetarto, Endriatmo; Santosa, Dwi Andreas; Agusta, Ivanovich
KOMUNITAS: International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture Vol 11, No 2 (2019): September
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/komunitas.v11i2.20209

Food security is one of the important issues in the study of deagrarianization. In macro level, deagrarianization can weaken food security which is indicated by the ability of food production which continues to decline due to the structural transformation of the economy from agriculture to non-agriculture. The purpose of this study is to determine food security at the community level when the symptoms of macro deagrarianization have occurred. This research is conducted by qualitative methods. An ethnosociological approach is used by combining community case study methods and ethnographic methods. The results show that food security at the community level is still well-maintained. Deagrarianization has not diminished the ability of the community to meet their food needs. Communities have internal mechanisms that secure their food sufficiency through food strategies and non-food strategies. The food strategy is carried out through saving yields for grain stores (family food barns) and reduce the amount of consumption. Meanwhile the non-food strategy is carried out through diversification of livelihoods by relying on available extractive landscapes. Swamps (balongan) are used as a food source that provides various types of local fish, crabs and snails as a source of protein for family consumption and also for sale to local collectors.

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