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Munirah
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Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : kharisma tech

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Interpretative Decision Tree Modeling for Identifying Depression Risk Factors in College Students Using PHQ-9 Data Munirah; Sunardi; Abdul Fadlil
KHARISMA Tech Vol 21 No 2 (2026): KHARISMATech Journal
Publisher : STMIK KHARISMA Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55645/kharismatech.v21i2.711

Abstract

This study aims to develop an interpretive Decision Tree model to identify depression levels in college students using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) data. Depression in college students is a growing mental health issue, while most machine learning models are still difficult to interpret. Therefore, this study uses Decision Tree as an explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) approach that is able to produce transparent and easy-to-understand decision rules. The research method uses a supervised learning approach with PHQ-9 data represented in text form and converted into numeric using Label Encoding. The target variable is formed based on the depression level category from the total PHQ-9 score. The model was evaluated using a 5-fold cross-validation technique with accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. The results showed that the model achieved an accuracy of 54.4% in cross-validation and 68% in training data, with a macro F1-score of 0.67. Feature importance analysis showed that the PHQ2 variable was the most dominant factor in classifying depression. In addition, the Decision Tree structure was able to provide a clear interpretation of the pattern of depressive symptoms in college students. This study shows that Decision Tree has the potential to support early detection of student depression in a more transparent and interpretable manner.
Co-Authors A. Sriyanti, A. Abdul Fadlil Afifah, Natasya Gita Agusti Sukma Wati Aini, Kurrata Akhmad Dasuki Akhmad Supriadi Akhmad Supriadi, Akhmad Aliem Bahri, Aliem Amalia Andi Ika Prasasti Abrar, Andi Ika Prasasti Andi Maulana, Andi Andi Nabilah Ridwan Ardi Aris, Nurwahidah Asfiati Aslan Alwi, Aslan Asmawani, Nur Syakiah Astuti, Asmina Aulia Fadilah, Nur Auliasyfa Nabillah , Ridha Avincenna, Akbar Ayu Andhira, Desy Azizah Raihana Syahdan, Nur Badarulzaman, Muhammad Hafiz Bahar, Miftahul Jannah Aprilia Baihaki Datunsolang, Rinaldi Desy Ayu Andhira Dewi Murni DEWI SARTIKA Dhini T. Burahima Dita Zhazha Paramitha Eka Apristian Pantu Erwin Akib Fadhila Amalia Pertiwi FAUSIAH, FAUSIAH Fitrianti Fitrianti, Fitrianti Hamka Hana, Rima Rayhana Haseng, Nadia Haslinda Hasmalia Hestiaty Hikmatu Ruwaida Ibnu Rawandhy N. Hula Ihyauddin Jazimi Imamah, Waode Andi Nurul Iskandar, Aris Ismail, Wahyuni Jannah, Rauzatul Jazimi, Ihyauddin Johan Tanaya Jufri , St. Harnita Juhairiah Jumiati, Eti Karmila Iskandar Kasidi Kiftian Hady Prasetya Kristina Everentia Ngasu Kundji, Raihan Kurnia, Musliho Citra Laksari , Ega Lihawa, Liyanti Lihawa, Sindi S. Majid, Ahmad Farham Marwah Mobonggi, Arten H. Muhammad Syahrul Ramadhan Yusuf Muhardi Muhlis, Luthfiyah Zulfa nabilastiq6b Nangsi Sari Noho Nau'e, Delfika H Nisa Noviana Nur Aisyah Rivai, Immawati Nur Asikin Nur Khadijah Razak Nurbela Nurfatiha, Nabila Pelu, Siti Runi Prita Indriawati, Prita Putri, Amaliya Qolby, Nurul Rafi’i Ramlan, Dwi Putri Windisari Rasky RATNAWATI Risnawati Romba, Sri Sufliati Sabrina Najib Mohamad Safitri, Alfika Safri Saputra Salam Saprin Sarmila, Mila Seubelan, Sartiny Siska Sitriah Salim Utina Sitti Rahmawati Talango Sri Windy Sari Sudarno Sufiati Suharti Suherman, La Ode Achmad Sulfasyah Sunardi Susi Susanti Suwardiman Syahruddin Syamsuddin Syekh Adiwijaya Latief T, M. Yusuf Triyanto, Andy Ulfa Ulfiani Rahman Ummu Khaltsum Usman Utami, Kasrini Pujining Vita Sari Mamonto Wahid Bintang Pamungkas, Abd. Widi Lestari, Wahyuni Wiranto Wiwik Pratiwi Yudistira, Rangga Yuliany, Nur Yumita Yunus, Siti Fathin Faizah Yunus Zamziba, Muhammad Nur Farhan Zohrawati Hiola Zukhraeni