Abstrak Gangguan muskuloskeletal (MSDs) merupakan masalah kesehatan kerja yang sering dialami tenaga kesehatan, terutama perawat, akibat faktor ergonomis di rumah sakit. Risiko MSDs dipengaruhi oleh manual handling pasien, postur kerja janggal, gerakan berulang, beban fisik dan mental tinggi, serta durasi kerja panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor risiko ergonomis yang berkaitan dengan MSDs dan mengkaji implikasi manajerial pencegahannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah Narrative Literature Review dengan pencarian terstruktur mengacu pada PRISMA 2020. Literatur diperoleh dari Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Garuda untuk publikasi tahun 2020–2025. Sebanyak 20 artikel dianalisis secara naratif dan tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan prevalensi MSDs pada tenaga kesehatan berkisar 72–95%, terutama low back pain, nyeri leher, bahu, dan kelelahan otot. Pencegahan perlu dilakukan melalui pelatihan ergonomi, alat bantu pasien, audit risiko kerja, kebijakan safe patient handling, pelaporan dini MSDs, serta integrasi ergonomi dalam K3RS. Healthcare workers are exposed to musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) risks arising from patient handling, sustained or non-ergonomic postures, repetitive activities, and high physical workloads. Conventional observational tools such as REBA and the Nordic Body Map are useful for screening but provide limited continuous information on biomechanical exposure during work. Previous reviews have addressed wearable technologies for ergonomic risk assessment in healthcare professionals; however, the links between device type, measured biomechanical parameter, work activity, safety/performance implications, and implementation barriers have not been synthesized in an integrated manner, particularly with attention to the Indonesian context. This study systematically reviews the use of wearable technology for biomechanical analysis among healthcare workers. Literature published from 2020 to 2026 was searched in Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and IEEE Xplore and screened using a PRISMA 2020 flow, yielding 20 articles for the main and contextual synthesis. Three main patterns emerged: (1) inertial and motion-sensing systems support continuous posture and movement monitoring; (2) sEMG and physiological sensors complement assessments of muscle activity and fatigue; and (3) biofeedback and assistive systems show potential to support ergonomic correction, although evidence for reducing MSD incidence or improving productivity remains limited. Heterogeneity in study design, populations, devices, and outcomes limits causal inference. Overall, current evidence more strongly supports wearables as monitoring and risk-assessment tools than as proven interventions for preventing MSDs.