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Antimalarial Activity of Mangrove Plants and Possible Mechanisms of Action: A Scoping Review Rizki, Andita Fitri Mutiara; Azmi, Wihda Aisarul; Muhaimin, Muhaimin; Louisa, Melva; Artika, I Made; Siregar, Josephine Elizabeth
Molekul Vol 19 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2024.19.1.9236

Abstract

Malaria is one of life threatening-infectious diseases with high mortality rate in African regions. Malaria is also one of public health problem in most of Southeast Asia (SEA) regions. This disease is caused by a Apicomplexan parasite; Plasmodium sp., which can be transmitted from humans to humans via Anopheles sp. To date, the need of a new antimalarial drug is still high, due to the rapid increase of drug resistance. Natural-derived drug candidates are still being used by researchers to develop new antimalarials. One of the natural resources which could potentially be a source of antimalarial agents are mangrove plants. Traditionally, mangrove plants have been employed as antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antidiabetic. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review to identify, evaluate and summarize findings of newly found antimalarial drug activity from mangrove plants and elaborate the possible mechanism of actions in killing the parasites. From several databases, we found six mangrove species which have been suggested as potential antimalarial sources. Various phytochemical compounds in extracts made from those plants were revealed to exert antimalarial activity. These include alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, saponins, coumarins, triterpenes, glycosides, and anthraquinones which were indicated to have antimalarial activity against Plasmodium. From eight studies investigating mangrove plant extracts, no toxic effects were shown. Therefore, considering the available evidences, we suggested that mangrove plants can be used as a source for the discovery of antimalarial compounds with promising activities against Plasmodium sp. However, deeper understanding on the exact mechanisms of their actions still requires further elucidation. Keywords: Antimalaria, Anthraquinone, Mangrove, Plasmodium sp., Protozoa
A Review of Mechanism of Action of Moringa oleifera as an Inhibitor of Adipogenesis in Obesity Gigih Andy Putra, Achmad; Louisa, Melva
Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.pji.2023.009.01.9

Abstract

Background: Obesity has been becoming a global health problem that could cause the emergence ofmany other diseases. Several strategies are used to treat obesity, including lifestyle modifications,anti-obesity medications (pharmacotherapy), bariatric surgery, and gut microbiota transplantation.Pharmacotherapy is an effective treatment method and is often chosen by obese people because it isquite simple and does not require invasive and expensive procedures. However, long-term usage ofconventional medicines causes serious side effects. Therefore, studies about herbal medicineincreased significantly, one of them is Moringa oleifera (MO). Objectives: This review providesinformation about the pathways involved in the adipogenesis processes in obesity and how MO caninhibit adipogenesis through several pathways. Methods: Data were collected from PubMed based onthe keywords “moringa”, “obese”, “adipogenesis”, “adipocyte”, and “lipogenesis”. There were 16journals in full text that met the inclusion criteria for conducting a literature study related to thesekeywords over the last 10 years (from 2013 to 2023). Results: The anti-obesity effect of MO isthought to come from several specific compounds isolated from this plant, including quercetin,isoquercetin, quercetin-3-O-malonylglucoside, astragalin, kaempferol, isothiocyanate, EGCG, andmany others. These active compounds can be isolated from various parts of the MO plant, but themost widely used are the leaves and seeds. These compounds exert anti-obesity activity by inhibitingadipogenesis through multiple pathways, including the AMPK, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, JAK/STAT,TGF-β, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Conclusions: Several in vivo, in vitro, and clinical trial studieshave been conducted to demonstrate the benefits and safety of MO as a medicinal plant withpharmacological potential to inhibit adipogenesis in obesity.Keywords: moringa; adipogenesis; adipocyte; lipogenesis; obese
Andrographis paniculata Ethanolic Extract Improved Doxorubicin-induced Cardiac Inflammation, Alterations in Liver Function Parameters and Anemia Eziefule, Oluebube Magnificient; Arozal, Wawaimuli; Wanandi, Septelia Inawati; Louisa, Melva; Wuyung, Puspita Eka; Dewi, Syarifah; Nafrialdi, Nafrialdi; Dewi, Yulia Ratna; Nabillah, Deya Adiby
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v8i2.444

Abstract

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX), an efficacious chemotherapy drug is compromised by cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, and hepatotoxicity. Due to the limited success of current treatments for DOX toxicity, there is a pressing need to explore alternative medical interventions, particularly from plant sources. This study was conducted to investigate the potential protective effect of ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata leaves (EEAP) against DOX-induced cardiac inflammation, liver toxicity, and anemia.Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected with DOX at a total dose of 16 mg/kgBW. EEAP was administered orally for 4 weeks at doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kgBW/day according to the assigned treatment groups. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) in the heart tissue, along with the concentrations of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) and calcium level were examined. Additionally, the hematological parameters (including hematocrit, hemoglobin and red blood cells (RBCs)), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in blood were also analyzed.Results: EEAP dose-dependently decreased the mRNA expressions of IL-1β (p<0.05), tended to decrease mRNA expression of NLRP3 and the concentrations of NFκB and calcium in heart tissue compared with the DOX-only group. Additionally, EEAP dose-dependently decreased ALP values (p<0.0001) and tended to improve hematological parameters, as well as AST and MDA levels in serum.Conclusion: This extract may prevent DOX-induced cardiac inflammation, anemia, and hepatotoxicity. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings, including the efficacy profile of the extract in cancer rats treated with DOX.Keywords: doxorubicin, Andrographis paniculata, inflammation, anemia, hepatotoxicity, herbal medicine
Pharmacological Activities of Sonneratia Alba Mangrove Plant : A Review Rizki, Andita Fitri Mutiara; Azmi, Wihda Aisarul; Muhaimin, Muhaimin; Louisa, Melva; Artika, I Made; Siregar, Josephine Elizabeth
Journal of The Indonesian Society of Integrated Chemistry Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): Journal of The Indonesian Society of Integrated Chemistry
Publisher : Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jisic.v15i2.29274

Abstract

Indonesia is a country with a high amount of diverse natural resources. Various plants have important roles in supporting human medicinal needs due to their availability in providing various medicinal resources. One of the natural resources is Sonneratia alba, a species of mangrove plant known with high adaptive ability and tolerance to extreme environmental conditions such as high saline stress, light intensity exposure, and free radicals. This review summarized the findings on pharmacological activities of S. alba.  Several studies reported the adaptive ability of S. alba with its various pharmacological activities such as antimalarial, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer. These activities are strongly correlated with its bioactive constituents such as terpenoid, alkaloid, tannin, quinone, phenolic, and flavonoid. The mechanism of each pharmacological activity has been suggested in several studies. These findings could be beneficial in drug discovery for several infectious and degenerative diseases and in the development of drugs at industrial stage. Keyword: Anticancer, antimalaria, antimicrobial, antioxidant, Sonneratia alba  
Efek Kapsul Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Delima (Punica granatum L.) terhadap Penanda Pembentukan dan Kualitas Tulang pada Wanita Pascamenopause Handayani, Nur Hayati Dwi; Bahtiar, Anton; Louisa, Melva
Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia VOLUME 7, NOMOR 2, AGUSTUS 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Biomedis dan Teknologi Dasar Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/jki.v7i2.3494

Abstract

Studies of pomegranate peel (Punica granatum L.), which contain ellagic acid, suggest its ability to increase osteoblast, calcium, and phosphorus in ovariectomized rats. The effects of the pomegranate peel extracts on postmenopausal women was not known. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of pomegranate peel ethanol extract capsules in the modulation of bone formation and bone quality markers in postmenopausal women. This study is a pilot study of 1st phase of clinical trial using parallel, randomized, double-blind, and placebo controlled design, with 30 subjects. Subjects were randomized to receive commercial capsules of pomegranate peel ethanol extract 2 × 1100 mg/ day or placebo, for 8 weeks. Levels of osteocalcin, calcium, and phosphorus were examined before and after treatment. This study showed that administration of the capsules in postmenopausal women tends to reduce blood osteocalcin level (4,129±5,66 ng/mL on placebo group versus 1,79±5,04 ng/mL on punica group, p=0,245), has not significant on blood calcium level (9,13±0,36 mg/dL placebo group versus 9,21±0,39 mg/dL punica group, p=0,379), has not significant on blood phosphorus level (3,93±0,38 mg/dL placebo group versus 4,12±0,41 mg/dL on punica group, p=0,138), does not affect the function of liver and kidney, and was well tolerated. In conclusion, the commercial capsules is safe, potentially reduce marker of bone formation serum level,and increase bone quality on postmenopausal women.
Dual sgRNA-directed knock out survivin gene expression using CRISPR/Cas9 technology for editing survivin gene in triple-negative breast cancer Syahrani, Resda A.; Wanandi, Septelia I.; Arumsari, Sekar; Nihayah, Silviatun; Watanabe, Yukihide; Mizuno, Seiya; Louisa, Melva; Wuyung, Puspita E.
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1177

Abstract

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) offers a robust approach for genome manipulation, particularly in cancer therapy. Given its high expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), targeting survivin with CRISPR/Cas9 holds promise as a therapeutic strategy. The aim of this study was to design specific single guide ribonucleic acid (sgRNA) for CRISPR/Cas9 to permanently knock out the survivin gene, exploring its potential as a therapeutic approach in breast cancer while addressing potential off-target effects. Survivin gene knockout was conducted in the TNBC cell line BT549. Intron 1, exon 2, and intron 2 of the survivin gene were selected as sgRNA targets. These sgRNAs were designed in silico and then cloned into a CRISPR/Cas9 expression plasmid. The cleavage activity was assessed using an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression plasmid. The sgRNAs with higher cleavage activity were selected for the establishment of knockout cells. After transfecting the plasmid into the cells, the success of the survivin gene knockout was validated at the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) level using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing analysis, and at the protein expression level using Western blotting. The study found that sgRNAs survin1A (targeting intron 1), survex2A (targeting intron 2), and survin2A (targeting intron 2) demonstrated higher cleavage activities compared to the other sgRNAs. However, using the single sgRNA, survex2A did not generate mutations in the survivin gene. At the protein level, survivin was still expressed, indicating that a single sgRNA was ineffective in knocking out the survivin gene. In contrast, the combination of sgRNA survin1A and sgRNA survin2A was more effective in generating mutations in the survivin gene, resulting in the deletion of the entire exon 2 and leading to a loss of survivin protein expression. In conclusion, our work provides specific sgRNAs and demonstrates the utilization of dual sgRNAs strategy in the CRISPR/Cas9 technology to knock out the survivin gene, showing potential in breast cancer therapy.
Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine and motivational enhancement therapy for nicotine addiction: A randomized clinical trial Nasrun, Martina WS.; Ginting, Tribowo T.; Siste, Kristiana; Pandelaki, Jacub; Kekalih, Aria; Louisa, Melva; Susanto, Agus D.; Utami, Diah S.; Tarigan, Immanuel N.; Trishna, Alya R.; Halim, Kelvin
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.2178

Abstract

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is known to enhance neuroplasticity and help reduce smoking addiction by modulating brain metabolites. The use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in smokers receiving NAC as an adjuvant to motivational enhancement therapy (MET) represents a novel approach to understanding how this combination therapy influences brain chemistry. By utilizing MRS, the effectiveness of NAC can be quantitatively assessed by analyzing changes in smoking-affected brain metabolites. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of NAC combined with MET for nicotine addiction, using MRS to assess neurochemical alterations associated with treatment response. A stratified, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted, comparing NAC and MET combination to MET only among smokers. The study analyzed the effectiveness of NAC by evaluating glutamate-glutamine (Glx) to creatine ratio (Glx/creatine ratio) and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) to creatine ratio (NAA/creatine ratio) in the nucleus accumbens, bilateral cerebellum, medial prefrontal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and bilateral precuneus. Our data indicated that the Glx/creatine ratios for the intervention versus control groups were as follows: nucleus accumbens (0.68 vs 0.43), bilateral cerebellum (0.68 vs 0.43), left medial prefrontal cortex (1.11 vs 0.82), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (0.32 vs 0.86), and bilateral precuneus (0.75 vs 0.58). The NAA/creatine ratios for the intervention versus control groups were as follows: nucleus accumbens (3.55 vs 8.35), bilateral cerebellum (7.82 vs 4.02), left medial prefrontal cortex (5.47 vs 5.20), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (3.55 vs 7.46), and bilateral precuneus (4.73 vs 4.00). Our analysis indicated that the Glx/creatine ratio was higher in the intervention group than in the control group in the medial prefrontal cortex (p=0.02), while the NAA/creatine ratio was higher in the intervention group than in the control group in the bilateral cerebellum (p<0.001). The reported side effects were mild to moderate discomfort and well-tolerated across both groups. These findings highlight the potential of NAC and MET combination in promoting neuroplasticity and supporting nicotine addiction treatment.
Efikasi Suplementasi Asam Folat terhadap Kejadian Stroke pada Pasien Hiperhomosisteinemia dengan Riwayat Penyakit Jantung Koroner – Telaah Kasus Berbasis Bukti Erlina Santoso; Didi Haryadi; Melva Louisa
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 49 No 3 (2022): Neurologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v49i3.211

Abstract

Beberapa studi uji klinis yang meneliti efikasi asam folat untuk mencegah kejadian stroke pada pasien hiperhomosisteinemia dengan penyakit kardiovaskular memberikan simpulan yang inkonklusif. Tujuan laporan kasus berbasis bukti ini untuk menilai apakah suplementasi asam folat dapat menurunkan risiko stroke pada pasien dengan riwayat jantung koroner dengan hiperhomosisteinemia. Pencarian komprehensif melalui beberapa basis data online. Telaah kritis menggunakan alat penilaian dari Centre of Evidence Based Medicine (CEBM). Diperoleh dua studi kajian sistematik yang sesuai kriteria seleksi. Hasil telaah kritis mendapatkan bahwa kedua studi tersebut memiliki validitas baik. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi asam folat dapat menurunkan kejadian stroke pada pasien dengan riwayat penyakit kardiovaskular. Many studies investigating the efficacy of folic acid in hyperhomocysteineemia patients with cardiovascular disease for stroke prevention has been inconclusive. This evidence-based case report was to assess whether folic acid supplementation could reduce stroke risk in patients with a history of coronary heart disease with hyperhomocysteinemia. We performed comprehensive literature search in several online databases. Critical reviews use the assessment tool from the Center of Evidence Based Medicine (CEBM). Two systematic reviews met our selection criteria. Critical appraisals had shown that both studies have good validity. Analysis showed that folic acid supplementation could reduce the incidence of stroke in patients with history of cardiovascular diseases.
Efikasi Suplementasi Vitamin D terhadap Indeks Glikemik pada Diabetes Melitus Gestasional Yolanda Safitri; Rachma Novita; Melva Louisa
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 47 No 6 (2020): Kardiologi & Pediatri
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v47i6.625

Abstract

Beberapa studi efikasi suplementasi vitamin D pada diabetes melitus gestasional hasilnya masih bertentangan. Laporan kasus berbasis bukti ini bertujuan untuk konfirmasi efikasi suplementasi vitamin D terhadap kontrol glikemik pada wanita hamil dengan diabetes melitus gestasional dan hipovitaminosis D. Pencarian artikel komprehensif melalui PubMed dan Scopus. Studi yang dipilih adalah studi dengan desain randomized controlled trial atau systematic review pada wanita hamil dengan diabetes melitus gestasional dan hipovitaminosis D membandingkan terapi standar obat anti-diabetes (OAD) dengan obat terapi standar dan suplementasi vitamin D. Telaah kritis sesuai perangkat dari Center for Evidence Based Medicine (CEBM). Diperoleh 3 studi systematic review yang memenuhi kriteria eligibilitas. Dua studi menunjukkan perbedaan kadar glukosa darah puasa dan HbA1C yang bermakna secara statistik dan klinis pada kelompok yang mendapat suplementasi vitamin D dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Satu studi hasilnya tidak bermakna. Results of recent studies on the use of vitamin D supplementation in gestational diabetes mellitus were conflicting. This evidence-based case report aimed to confirm the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic control in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and hypovitaminosis D. A comprehensive search for articles in PubMed and Scopus included randomized controlled trial or systematic reviews in gestational diabetes mellitus and hypovitaminosis D comparing standard anti-diabetic drug therapy (OAD) with standard therapeutic drugs and vitamin D supplementation. Critical appraisals were done using the tools from Center for Evidence Based Medicine (CEBM). Three systematic reviews met the eligibility criteria. Two studies showed statistically and clinically significant differences in fasting blood glucose and HbA1C level in vitamin D supplementation group compared to the control group, while the result of the third study was not significant.
The Accuracy of Information Recipients and Consent Givers for Informed Consent in Hospitals Adhayati, Baety; Putrihamidah, Diyanthie Aulia; Louisa, Melva; Sodikin, Ali
Journal of Health and Nutrition Research Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Media Publikasi Cendekia Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56303/jhnresearch.v3i3.296

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the party receiving information and giving consent in the hospital. This type of research is observational and was conducted at Public Hospital of Banten Province (RSUD Banten) and Dr. Drajat Prawiranegara Public Hospital in 2024. The minimum sample size used was 94 samples taken using consecutive sampling methods. This study used a checklist as a record to check the completeness of the informed consent form and approval sheet by the SOP and applicable legal basis. Data analysis is descriptive of the accuracy of the party receiving information and giving consent. The study observed 28 pieces of information and consent being received and given by the right party, while the wrong party signed 66 (70.2%) consents for medical procedures. The study's focus on the accuracy of the party receiving information and giving consent in the hospital is a contribution to a monitor process of informed consent in hospital according to principles of patient’s competency
Co-Authors -, Paramita Achmad, Fariz Adam Iskandarmudasyah Adhayati, Baety Adisti Dwijayanti Agnes Frethernety Agus D. Susanto Ahmad Aulia Ali Sodikin Amanah Amanah Anang Endaryanto Andita Fitri Mutiara Rizki, Andita Fitri Mutiara Angelica Riadi Alim Saputro Angelina Riadi Alim Saputro Anom Bowo Laksono Antarianto, Radiana Dhewayani Anton Bahtiar Anton Bahtiar Ari Estuningtyas, Ari Aria Kekalih Arini Setiawati Arini Setiawati Arleni Arleni Aurelia Demtari Tuah Ayu Suraduhita Azmi, Wihda Aisarul Barasila, Atikah Chalida Budi Setiabudiawan Budi Wiweko Clara Riski Amanda Deni Rahmat Dewi, Yulia Ratna Didi Haryadi Didi Haryadi Dina Muktiarti, Dina Elisna Syahruddin Elly Yanah Arwanih Elvira Yunita Erlina Santoso Erni H. Purwaningsih Eziefule, Oluebube Magnificient Fajri, Purnama Fasha, Iqbal Franciscus D. Suyatna Frans D. Suyatna Gayatri, Anggi Gigih Andy Putra, Achmad Ginting, Tribowo T. Halim, Kelvin Handayani, Nur Hayati Dwi HANS-JOACHIM FREISLEBEN I MADE ARTIKA Indah D Dewijanti Indah D Dewijanti, Indah D Irandi Putra Pratomo Johannes Hudyono Kania, Theresia Kato, Mitsuyasu Ketut Dewi Kumara Wati Khariri Khariri Layal, Kamalia Made Susiyanti Madoka Takeuchi Manggiasih Dwiayu Larasati Masahiro Takeuchi Mega Putri Utami Mila Maidarti Mizuno, Seiya Muhaimin Muhaimin Mulyadi Djer Nabillah, Deya Adiby Nafrialdi Nafrialdi Nasrun, Martina WS. Ni Made Dwi Sandhiutami Nihayah, Silviatun Nining Handayani Novi S. Hardiany Novita, Rachma Nur Hayati Dwi Handayani Pandelaki, Jacub Paramita - Paramita - Paramita, Paramita Pawitan, Jeanne Adiwinata Perdhana, Ika S. Puspita E. Wuyung Puspita Eka Wuyung Puspita Eka Wuyung Puteri, Meidi U. Putrihamidah, Diyanthie Aulia Rachma Novita Rachma Novita Rachman, Andika Raymond R. Tjandrawinata Rebecca Noerjani Angka Resda Akhra Syahrani Rianto Setiabudy Rianyta Rianyta Rika Sari Dewi Safitri, Yolanda Sake Juli Martina SEKAR ARUMSARI, SEKAR Septelia I. Wanandi Septelia Inawati Wanandi SEPTELIA INAWATI WANANDI Setiabudy, Rahajuningsih D Shafilla Yunilma Andriany Sianipar, Erlia Anggrainy Sianipar, Erlia Anggrainy Siregar, Josephine Elizabeth Siste, Kristiana Sri W.A. Jusman Sumadiono Sumadiono Suratih, Ni Made Desy Susanto, Eka Syahrani, Resda A. Syarifah Dewi Tarigan, Immanuel N. Tri Yuliani Tri Yuliani, Tri Trishna, Alya R. Ungke Antonjaya Utami, Diah S. Vivian Soetikno Vivian Soetikno Vivian Soetikno Wahyunia Likhayati Septiana Wardhani, Bantari W.K. Watanabe, Yukihide Watanabe, Yukihide Wawaimuli Arozal Wawaimuli Arozal Wawaimuli Arozal Widyawati, Syska Yolanda Safitri Yolanda Safitri Zakiudin Munasir