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All Journal Journal of Marine Research INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Jurnal Kimia Riset Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas Jurnal Surya Medika Adi Widya : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Majalah Farmaseutik Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia JFIOnline Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia Cendekia Journal of Pharmacy Science Midwifery Budimas : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Avicenna : Journal of Health Research Jurnal Farmasi Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (EAJMR) Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (FJMR) Generics: Journal of Research in Pharmacy Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Praktis Journal of Halal Science and Research Riset Informasi Kesehatan Journal of Health Management and Pharmacy Exploration (JOHMPE) Parapemikir Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Generics : Journal of Research in Pharmacy Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Ilham Kuncahyo, Ilham
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Optimization and Physical Quality Evaluation of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) Seed Oil Emulgel Formulated with Varying Concentrations of Tween 80 and Span 80 Using the Simple Lattice Design (SLD) Method Shabrina Nindya Hutami; Taufik Turahman; Ilham Kuncahyo; Septiawan Adi Nugroho
Generics: Journal of Research in Pharmacy Vol 6, No 2 (2026): Generics : Journal of Research in Pharmacy
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/genres.v6i2.32000

Abstract

Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) seed oil is a promising bioactive ingredient for topical applications due to its high content of essential fatty acids and antioxidants; however, its hydrophobic nature limits formulation stability and performance. This study aimed to develop and optimize an emulgel delivery system using a systematic mixture design approach to enhance its physicochemical characteristics. A Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) was applied to evaluate the combined effects of Tween 80 (1-5%) and Span 80 (1-5%) on key responses, including pH, viscosity, and adhesion. Emulgel formulations were prepared using a conventional emulsification method followed by incorporation into a gel base, then evaluated accordingly. Data were analyzed using Design Expert® software and ANOVA. The results showed that all formulations met the acceptable criteria for topical application, with pH (5.40–6.30), viscosity (25.1–61.2 P), and adhesion (1.46–3.5 s). Statistical analysis revealed a significant (p < 0.05) and non-linear interaction between surfactants across all responses, indicating the critical role of compositional balance. The optimized formulation, containing 5% Tween 80 and 1% Span 80, achieved a desirability value of 1.00. Overall, the SLD approach proved effective for optimizing emulgel formulations and enhancing the potential of sacha inchi oil as a stable topical delivery system.
Optimization and Physical Quality Evaluation of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) Seed Oil Emulgel Formulated with Varying Concentrations of Tween 80 and Span 80 Using the Simple Lattice Design (SLD) Method Shabrina Nindya Hutami; Taufik Turahman; Ilham Kuncahyo; Septiawan Adi Nugroho
Generics: Journal of Research in Pharmacy Vol 6, No 2 (2026): Generics : Journal of Research in Pharmacy
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/genres.v6i2.32000

Abstract

Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) seed oil is a promising bioactive ingredient for topical applications due to its high content of essential fatty acids and antioxidants; however, its hydrophobic nature limits formulation stability and performance. This study aimed to develop and optimize an emulgel delivery system using a systematic mixture design approach to enhance its physicochemical characteristics. A Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) was applied to evaluate the combined effects of Tween 80 (1-5%) and Span 80 (1-5%) on key responses, including pH, viscosity, and adhesion. Emulgel formulations were prepared using a conventional emulsification method followed by incorporation into a gel base, then evaluated accordingly. Data were analyzed using Design Expert® software and ANOVA. The results showed that all formulations met the acceptable criteria for topical application, with pH (5.40–6.30), viscosity (25.1–61.2 P), and adhesion (1.46–3.5 s). Statistical analysis revealed a significant (p < 0.05) and non-linear interaction between surfactants across all responses, indicating the critical role of compositional balance. The optimized formulation, containing 5% Tween 80 and 1% Span 80, achieved a desirability value of 1.00. Overall, the SLD approach proved effective for optimizing emulgel formulations and enhancing the potential of sacha inchi oil as a stable topical delivery system.
Optimisation of Quercetin Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System Components as An Antioxidant Nurul Syazwani; Ilham Kuncahyo; Supriyadi Supriyadi
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 5 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i5.2634

Abstract

Oxidative stress is implicated in ageing and a range of degenerative disorders, and quercetin is a flavonol with well-documented radical-scavenging activity. Its pharmaceutical use is nevertheless limited because it belongs to class II of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System, with low aqueous solubility. A self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) keeps such a compound molecularly dissolved in an isotropic oil–surfactant–cosurfactant mixture that disperses spontaneously into a nanoemulsion. To optimise the proportions of oleic acid, Tween 80 and PEG 400 in a quercetin SNEDDS and to verify the physical characteristics and antioxidant activity of the optimum formula. A laboratory experimental study using a D-optimal mixture design in Design-Expert® version 13, with oleic acid 10–20%, Tween 80 70–80% and PEG 400 10–20% constrained to a total of 100%, generating 16 runs. Preconcentrates were sonicated, homogenised, saturated with quercetin and centrifuged. Responses were drug load, emulsification time, particle size, polydispersity index, transmittance, zeta potential and DPPH IC₅₀. Quercetin was quantified by a validated UV-Vis method at 373 nm. Numerical optimisation minimised particle size, emulsification time, polydispersity index and IC₅₀ while maximising drug load, and the optimum formula was verified in triplicate. Responses varied widely across the 16 runs: drug load 1.043–16.755 mg/mL, emulsification time 18.6–34.8 s, particle size 90–220 nm, polydispersity index 0.138–0.245, transmittance 90.106–99.379%, zeta potential −20.5 to −38.0 mV and IC₅₀ 40.49–146.13 ppm. All five optimisation models were significant (p < 0.05) with non-significant lack of fit. Raising the oleic acid proportion enlarged droplets, lengthened emulsification and widened the size distribution, whereas Tween 80 acted in the opposite direction. The optimum formula was oleic acid 10%, Tween 80 80% and PEG 400 10%, with a desirability of 0.898. Verification gave a particle size of 90 ± 5 nm, polydispersity index 0.138 ± 0.006, drug load 13.377 ± 0.554 mg/mL and IC₅₀ 67.637 ± 0.957 ppm, none differing significantly from prediction (p > 0.05; prediction errors ≤ 0.85%). The optimised quercetin SNEDDS forms a nanometric, homogeneous and rapidly self-emulsifying system with strong antioxidant activity, and the mixture model is sufficiently predictive to guide further development.
Formulation and Optimization of Furosemide Snedds With Variation Concentration of Tween 80 and PEG 400 Nandita, Sesilia Putri; Kuncahyo, Ilham; Harjanti, Reslely
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v2i1.12180

Abstract

Furosemide is a potent diuretic drug that has low bioavailability. Furosemide can be formulated into nanoemulsion preparations using the SNEDDS method to increase its bioavailability as SNEDDS can form stable nanoemulsions with droplet sizes is less than 200 nm. This study aims to identify the optimum formula for variations in the concentration of surfactant Tween 80 and cosurfactant PEG 400 based on the characterization tests of emulsification time, percent transmittance, and drug loading. The independent variables used in this study were Tween 80 and PEG 400. Seven furosemide SNEDDS formulas from the Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method were tested for characterization in the form of emulsification time, percent transmittance, and drug loading. The characterization results were optimized using Simplex Lattice Design. The optimum formula was re-characterized, including emulsification time, percent transmittance, drug loading, particle size, zeta potential, and in vitro dissolution. The results were then compared with theoretical values and analyzed using the One-Sample T-test method. Optimization results showed Tween of 61.4922% and PEG 400 of 18.5078% with the characterization of emulsification time 15.25 seconds, percentage transmittance 94.20%, drug loading 50 100.2 ppm, particle size 12.18 nm. Furthermore, the zeta potential was -17.6 mV, and the in vitro dissolution rate reached 106.71% within 15 minutes.
Co-Authors Adam Ferdian Sigit Pratama Alfiana, Ina Ana Indrayati Anisa Devi Kharisma Wibowo Ayuk Armadani , Valentina Candra, Dhimas Tiya Chaesti Setyo Hastuti Dewi, Fitri Jaya Santi Utami Dian Marlina Dian Puspitasari Efrilia, Erin ELISABETH APRILIA Endang Diyah Ikasari Endang Dyah Ikasari Ghani Nurfiana Fadma Sari Gunawan, Lucia Sincu Gunawan, Sahrul Hafizah, Dila Auli Hutami, Shabrina Nindya Ibnu Pratikto Ismi Rahmawati Iswandi Iswandi Kartikasari, Ayu Lifia Nur Kiki Puspitasary Kusumawati, Mulyaningtyas Ayu M Muchalal M. Andi Chandra M. Andi Chandra M. Henityo Agung As'adi Mahayana, Argoto Mamik Ponco Rahayu Mardiyono Mardiyono, . Mointi, Sella Septiyani Muhammad Dzakwan Nandita, Sesilia Putri Noval Noval Nur Hidayati Nuraini Harmastuti Nurul Syazwani Octavia Krisma O Opstaria saptarini Prasasti, Anin Pudiastuti RSP Putri, Hana Maylinda Putri, Sukma Oktafiani Rakhmi Hidayati Reslely Harjanti Resmi, Juniar Kalpika Rini Prastiwi Rizqi Fitria Yanuar Roosma Hatmayana Rudhi Pribadi Saifullah, T.N Sari, Putri Rovita Septiawan Adi Nugroho Sesilia Putri Nandita Setyaningrum, Dewi Anggraheni setyawan, Ferdinta D Shabrina Nindya Hutami Siti Aisiyah Siti Aisiyah Soebiyanto, Soebiyanto Sugiyarmasto Sugiyarmasto, Sugiyarmasto Suhartinah Suhartinah, Suhartinah Sukarno Sumardiyono Sumardiyono Sunardi Sunardi Supriyadi Supriyadi Supriyadi Supriyadi Supriyadi Syafira Nabillah Syaiful Choiri T. N. Saifullah Sulaiman T.N. Saifullah Sulaiman T.N. Saifullah Sulaiman Taena, Adriani Teuku Nanda Saifullah Sulaiman Titik Sunarni Titik Sunarni TN Saifullah Sulaiman, TN Saifullah Turahman, Taufik Turdiyanto, Totok Valentina Ayuk Armadani Vivin Nopiyanti Waluyo Budi Atmoko, Waluyo Budi Wijayanti, Ifa Rizki Wiwin Herdwiani Wulandari, RR Sri Yudanti, Gendis Purno Yudi Rinanto Yuliana, Sinta Zahra, Iklila