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PHENOLIC, FLAVONOID CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY WITH SUN PROTECTION FACTOR VALUE OF RED BETEL LEAF ETHANOL EXTRACT (Piper ornatum N. E. Br) Yuniarti, Rafita; Rani, Zulmai; Ridwanto, Ridwanto; Lubis, Minda Sari
Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol 10, No 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Universitas Aisyah Pringsewu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30604/jika.v10i2.3149

Abstract

Red betel leaf is a plant that is rich in benefits, one of which is as an antioxidant. The benefits as an antioxidant in plants are due to the content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Phenolic compounds also function as protection against UV-B rays, this ability can be seen from the SPF value. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of phenolic and flavonoid compounds and the antioxidant and sunscreen activity of ethanol extract from red betel leaves. Phenolic content was determined using 10% Follin Ciocalteu reagent and 20% Na2CO3. In contrast, flavonoid content used AlCl3 and CH3COONa solutions, and the determination of antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH. In contrast, the ability a protect against sunlight (sunscreen) was carried out by determining the sun protection factor (SPF) value. After measurements were carried out using a UV-visible spectrophotometer, the results obtained were a phenolic content of 257.56 mg GAE/g and flavonoids of 46.8008 mg QE/g. They had a very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 38.9338 ppm and had sunscreen activity with an SPF value of 5, 17, 28, 36, and 38 at concentrations of 100, 300, 500, 700, and 1000 ppm respectively.
Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Syzygium polyanthum Extract and Their Antioxidant Potential via DPPH Assay Nasution, Shamila Sufi Aulia; Miswanda, Dikki; Ridwanto, Ridwanto; Dalimunthe, Gabena Indrayani
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v3i1.117

Abstract

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) have gained attention for their cost-effective synthesis and potent antioxidant properties, offering a promising approach to address the bioavailability challenges of herbal medicines. This study investigates the green synthesis of CuNPs using bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight.) Walp.) extract as a bioreductor and evaluates their antioxidant activity via the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Bay leaf extract, rich in flavonoids and phenolic compounds, was prepared through heating extraction and mixed with copper nitrate (CuNO₃) at varying ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4). The formation of CuNPs was confirmed by a color change from yellow to greenish-brown after 24 hours, with particle sizes ranging from 527.48 nm to 3256.81 nm, as determined by Particle Size Analysis (PSA). UV-Vis spectrophotometry verified the reduction of Cu⁺ ions, with Cu concentrations decreasing post-synthesis. The antioxidant activity of CuNPs exhibited an IC₅₀ value of 15.49 ppm, classified as very strong, compared to 72.09 ppm for the bay leaf extract alone (strong) and 13.82 ppm for vitamin C (very strong). These results demonstrate that bay leaf extract-mediated CuNPs possess enhanced antioxidant potential, highlighting the efficacy of green synthesis in producing bioactive nanoparticles for potential therapeutic applications.
Analisis Kadar Parasetamol dan Kafein Dalam Sediaan Tablet Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri Derivatif Zero Crossing Rosaldi, Hikmah; Pulungan, Ainil Fithri; Ridwanto, Ridwanto
Jambura Journal of Chemistry Vol 7, No 2 (2025): August
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jambchem.v7i2.24392

Abstract

The development of drugs in the form of combination tablets at this time has increased a lot; combining drugs in a tablet preparation can provide an increasing reaction and ability. This makes combining drugs such as Paracetamol and caffeine an effective combination in the pharmaceutical field. Paracetamol is an antipyretic analgesic drug that can be combined with caffeine which can be used in therapy with a combination of these drugs. The objective of this research was to ascertain the concentration of a combination of paracetamol and caffeine in a tablet formulation by employing a zero cross-derivative spectrophotometric method. In this study, solvent optimization was carried out with 17 categories of solvent selection, and acetate: methanol (30:70) was selected using the zero cross-derivative methods with a dA / d plot utilizing the maximum wavelength of paracetamol 258 nm and caffeine 288 nm, because there was an actual wavelength shift in this analysis. To validate the determination of the level of the zero cross-derivative method using the second absorption in the ace solvent (30:70 acetate: methanol). Spectrophotometric analysis of zero crossing derivatives of a mixture of paracetamol and caffeine found that paracetamol levels in tablet A were 95.24 8.47%, in tablet B of 92.86 0%, and in tablet C of 96.5 0%, while the caffeine content was 104.89 0%, 102.09 0%, and 91.6 0%. According to USP 30 NF 25 (2007), it can be concluded that the test results of the composition of paracetamol and caffeine in tablets meet the requirements.
UV–Vis Quantification of β-Carotene in Spinach under Raw and Boiled Conditions Damanik, Sumayyah; Sartika Daulay, Anny; Ridwanto, Ridwanto; Harun, Fathur Rahman
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education Vol 5, No 3 (2025): September–December 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Farmasi Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37311/ijpe.v5i3.32374

Abstract

β-Carotene is a provitamin A with strong antioxidant activity but is unstable to heat and oxidation. This study aimed to determine the β-carotene content of green spinach (Amaranthus viridis L.) and red spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) under fresh and boiled conditions using UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The assay was performed at 451 nm after maceration extraction with n-hexane:acetone:ethanol (2:1:1, v/v). Calibration in the range of 4–10 μg/mL showed excellent linearity (y = 0.064x – 0.003, r = 0.999). The results demonstrated that red spinach contained substantially higher β-carotene than green spinach. Boiling slightly increased the content in green spinach (17.16 → 18.76 ± 0.21 mg/g), while it caused a small decrease in red spinach (50.23 → 47.76 mg/g). These findings suggest that boiling has different effects depending on the spinach type, possibly due to a balance between heat-induced degradation and enhanced release from softened plant tissues. In conclusion, red spinach is a richer dietary source of β-carotene, but thermal processing reduces its stability. The validated UV–Vis spectrophotometric method is suitable for routine determination of β-carotene in leafy vegetables.
Problematika Auditing Syariah Dalam Pelaksanaan Shariah Compliance di Lembaga Keuangan Syariah: Sebuah Meta-Sintesis Ridwanto, Ridwanto; Abdullah, Muhammad Wahyuddin; Muchlis, Syaiful
Al-Sharf: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Vol 4, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Yayasan Rahmat Islamiyah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56114/al-sharf.v4i3.11276

Abstract

Sharia financial institutions have a central role in the financial system based on the Sharia principles. Meanwhile, sharia audit as a monitoring tool has a crucial role in ensuring sharia compliance. In actualize their responsibilities, sharia auditors have several problems. This article aims to provide a more comprehensive brief insight into the problems of sharia auditing and offers practical solutions to increase compliance with Sharia values and principles in Indonesian sharia financial institutions. This article uses a meta-synthesis method to identify the main challenges in implementing sharia auditing in sharia financial institutions. The findings of the research results show that the primary challenges for sharia auditing in implementing sharia compliance are the lack of qualified sharia auditors, lack of sharia audit frameworks and standards, and also the lack of providing educational levels to the sharia supervisory board. The proposed solution involves enhancing the quality of auditors through training and certification, improving the sharia audit framework and standards, and also developing special education for the Sharia Supervisory Board.
Bahaya Riba Dalam Ekonomi Islam Di Indonesia: Sebuah Meta-Sintesis Ridwanto, Ridwanto; Bulutoding, Lince; Sumarlin, Sumarlin
Al-Sharf: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Vol 5, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Yayasan Rahmat Islamiyah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56114/al-sharf.v5i1.11410

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas bhaya riba dalam ekonomi Islam di Indonesia dengan pendekatan meta-sintesis. Riba, yang dianggap sebagai praktik haram dalam Islam, memiliki dampak negatif yang signifikan dalam konteks ekonomi Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini, metode meta-sintesis digunakan untuk mengungkapkan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang dampak riba dalam ekonomi Islam dengan analisis dan interpretasi yang mendalam. Hasil dari sejumlah penelitian terdahulu diidentifikasi untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif tentang masalah ini. Beberapa temuan utama mencakup dampak riba sebagai penghambat investasi, faktor bertambahnya utang negara, dan penyebab ketidakstabilan ekonomi. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan yang mendalam tentang bagaimana riba mempengaruhi setiap aspek ekonomi Indonesia dan menyoroti pentingnya menghilangkan riba dalam upaya menciptakan sistem ekonomi yang sesuai dengan prinsip dan nilai-nilai Syariah dalam masyarakat Indonesia.
Utilization Of Natural Materials As Universal Natural Food Colors Red Yellow Green In The Community Of Sidomulyo Village Biru-Biru District: Pemanfaatan Bahan Alam Sebagai Pewarna Pangan Alami Universal Merah Kuning Hijau Pada Masyarakat Desa Sidomulyo Kecamatan Biru-Biru Sartika Daulay, Anny; Ridwanto, Ridwanto; Dison Silalahi, Alistraja; Wahyuni, Sri; Indrayani Dalimunthe, Gabena; Fadhilah M, Ihsan
Jukeshum: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Edisi Januari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Haji Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51771/jukeshum.v5i2.1012

Abstract

Food coloring is an additional ingredient used to produce food products so they are more attractive to consume. Synthetic food coloring comes from chemicals, can contain dangerous metals and/or benzene rings which have the potential to cause various diseases in humans. Meanwhile, natural dyes are obtained from natural ingredients so they are safer to use. The aim of this community service is to provide understanding to the public about the benefits of plants in the form of fruit, leaves and fruit skins that are no longer used as natural food coloring. This community service (PkM) is carried out by socializing the use of fruit and/or fruit waste, fresh leaves which are commonly found in the community, such as dragon fruit peel as waste. Other ingredients used are turmeric rhizomes and bay leaves, suji leaves and pandan leaves. Socialization of making food coloring materials is carried out using electronic media such as videos. Meanwhile, the explanation of the material is carried out using the presentation and discussion method. Based on the results of the implementation of this PkM, the people of Sidomulyo Village, Biru-Biru District, were very enthusiastic and eager to take part in this activity. The people of Sidomulyo Village can understand and comprehend the dangers of using synthetic dyes and understand the benefits of using natural dyes in food produced in the household. Then in the future, the results of this community service can be applied to products that can be marketed commercially to increase family income.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Gandarusa (Justicia gendarussa Burm. F.) di Daerah Sibolga, Sumatera Utara Dengan Metode DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazil) Harahap, Ade Try Atwinda; Ridwanto, Ridwanto
Journal of Health and Medical Science Volume 3 Nomor 1 Januari 2024
Publisher : CV. Pusdikra Mitra Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51178/jhms.v3i1.1874

Abstract

Tumbuhan gandarusa yaitu untuk pengobatan. Bagian tanaman yang digunakan adalah daun dan akar baik yang segar ataupun yang telah dikerinbgkan. Daunnya berkhasiat untuk mengatasi batuk, asma, nyeri lambung, rematik sendi, nyeri pinggang (encok), obat pening dan obat untuk haid yang tidak teratur. Kegunaan yang lain untyuk obat luka trpukul (memar), patah tulang, reumatik pada persendian, bisul, borok dan korengan. Tujuan:Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun Gandarusa dan untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa dalam daun gandarusa dan juga nilai IC50. Ekstrak didapat dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Metode: Ekstrak etanol daun Gandarusa diuji menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazil), dan menggunakan spektrofotometri UV - Visible untuk menentukan panjang gelombangnya. Hasil skrining fitokimia bahwa serbuk simplisia daun Gandarusa mengandung golongan senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, triterpenoid, dan tannin. Hasil pengujian aktivas antioksidan dalam meredam radikal bebas DPPH menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun Gandarusa memiliki aktivitas antioksidan kategori kuat dimana ekstrak etanol daun Gandarusa memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 59,46 ppm. Kesimpulan:Hasil pengujian aktivasi antioksidan dalam meredam radikal bebas DPPH menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun Gandarusa memiliki aktivitas antioksidan kategori kuat.
Penetapan Kadar Vitamin C dalam Sari Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus L. MERR) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV Maya Syafira; Anny Sartika Daulay; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Haris Munandar Nasution
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): March : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v2i2.345

Abstract

Pineapple or which has the Latin name Ananas Comosus L. MERR has two main ingredients, namely vitamin C and manganese. Vitamin C is very important for the growth and development of the immune system and can help the absorption of iron from food, meanwhile manganese is a natural mineral that has antioxidant properties or can ward off evil compounds in the body and help increase the body's immunity to avoid the Covid-19 disease outbreak.. Therefore, researchers are interested in researching pineapple juice, because what people consume every day is pineapple juice. The aim of this research was to determine the levels of vitamin C in pineapple juice (Ananas comosus L. MERR) and whether the vitamin C content in pineapple juice (Ananas comosus L. MERR) can meet daily nutritional adequacy rates. This research method uses quantitative methods. Where is the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The independent variable is pineapple filtrate and the dependent variable is vitamin C content. The parameters of this research are vitamin C levels using the UV Spectrophotometry method. The conclusion of this study shows that the results of the examination of pineapple juice levels are 54.6816 21.6678 mcg/g, and the vitamin C content in pineapple juice can meet the daily nutritional adequacy figure, namely 33 mg to 76 mg.
Uji Intensitas Warna Kuning pada Campuran Sari Kunyit-Daun Salam dan Temulawak Daun Salam Sebangai Pewarna Pangan Putri Intan Sari; Anny Sartika Daulay; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Haris Munandar Nasution
OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): May : OBAT: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/obat.v2i3.363

Abstract

Some food industries still use synthetic dyes. Synthetic dyes, if consumed, can harm your health. Turmeric can be used as a natural food coloring. This natural coloring is applied to sweet jelly. This natural coloring agent must be used in fresh juice. To extend the use time of the natural dyes turmeric-bay leaves, ginger-bay leaves, this research was carried out in a variety of storage conditions without using preservatives. The aim of the research was to determine the results of the content of secondary metabolite compounds in turmeric-laurel extract, curcuma-laurel extract, turmeric extract and curcuma extract, in making solid preparations using preservatives, namely citric acid, maltodextin and sucrose. This research uses experimental methods with Sari method is done on a mixture of turmeric-bay leaves and ginger-bay leaves using a water solvent using the distillation method. Determination of variations in storage conditions was carried out for 7 days and the effect of storage temperature. Color stability and intensity measurements were carried out using visible spectrophotometry and characterization methods. The results of this research were obtained. The absorbance intensity test on turmeric-bay leaves was carried out at a wavelength of 425.14 nm with a result of 0.442 (day 1), ginger-bay leaves had an absorbance of 0.490 ( day 1). In the color stability test, there was a change in color from day 3 at drying cupboard temperature, at refrigerator temperature and at room temperature, the color remained stable.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Husaini Adawiyah, Marissa Tasya Adyani Maulinda Afrizani, Afrizani Agus Priyadi Akbar, Windi Hari Al Hudawi, Muhammad Al Qodri, Muhammad Alviana, Liya Amin Nasution, Muhammad Amir, Annisa Fadilah Andi Syahputra, Ricky Ani Sutiani Anny Sartika Daulay Anny Sartika Daulay Anny Sartika Daulay Anny Sartika Daulay Anny Sartika Daulay Anny Sartika Daulay Aprilia, Hijjatun Aprilia, Medhy Ardhita Arifin, Khairil Fikri Arjuniadi, Arjuniadi Audry Pratiwi Audry Pratiwi Azhar, Gustika Azri, Atika Azzahra, Fadya Bangun Lubis Cici Andriani Claudy Friesta Melanie Dahlia Hasibuan Dalimunthe, Gabena Indriyani Damanik, Sumayyah Daniel Happy Putra Daulay , Anny Sartika Daulay, Ani Sartika Daulay, Anny S. Denni Bahari Dikki Miswanda Dina Suciati Saragih Dison Silalahi, Alistraja Elma Natasya Endang D. Hamid Fadhilah M, Ihsan Fadhlah Al-Uyun Nasution Fajri, Fajrilda Aqilah Fathur Rahman Fathur Rahman Fathur Rahman Harun Fatur Rahman Fithri Pulungan, Ainil FRANSISKA, EVA Gabena Indrayani Dalimunthe Hafizha, Putri Hakimi Hakimi Harahap, Ade Try Atwinda Harahap, Siti Salimah Harahap, Sumiyarni Haris Munandar Nasution Harun , Fatur Rahman Harun, Fathur Rahman Hasanah, Qori Hasibuan , Nabila Hasim Hasibuan, Sarinah Hasibuan, Supia Indah Hazizah, Mautia Hermawan, Fiqri Humairah, Dwina Angelina Imelda Natasia Br S Meliala Indra B. Hutagalung Irvan Andreansyah Irwan Misbach Isnaria, Vita Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Lastri Afni Lince Bulutoding Lubis, Minda Sari M. Naufal Rifqi Maghfirah , Dini Makhfirah Malahayati Malahayati Mambang, D Elysa Putri Manik, Umi Chairani Manurung, Aisyah Baddriah Maryanti Yuza Maya Syafira Melinda, Reni Meliyana Meliyana Merani Phaustina Lumban Gaol Mirna Mirna Muchlis, Syaiful Muhammad Alfariz Baihaqi Siregar Muhammad Amin Nasution Muhammad Wahyuddin Abdullah Muhammad Wahyudi Munthe, Ariska Munthe, Herlina Nada, Dina Qatrun Nadila Indra Sepvina Nasri Nasri, Nasri Nasution , Muhammad Amin Nasution, Kartika Zsaskia Nasution, M. Amin Nasution, Shamila Sufi Aulia Nazirah, Nazirah Ningtias, Anggitha Nst, Haris Munandar Nur Ainun Nuraida Nuraida Nurhayati Nurhayati Nurliansyah, Nurliansyah Nurmazela, Virda Parapat , Anjarlit Romiyuliana Br Pasaribu, Fatin Fairuz Pitaloka, Syifa Amilia Pulungan, Ainil Fitri Puteri, Cut Intan Annisa Putri Intan Sari Putri Khairani Putri Theresia Harianja Putri Yupa Hasibuan Putriyana Putriyana Qisti Pristiwani Rahayu , Yayuk Putri Rahayu Rahayu Rahma Dona, Rahma Rahmadani , Adevika Rahmadani Rahmadani Rahmah, Ruhiya Rahmasari, Siti Rahmayanti, Putri Rambe, Robiatun Reza Irma Ricky Andi Syahputra Rika Yuliana, Rika Riski Mulyani, Riski Risma Fauziah Pasaribu Rizki, Dewi Rizki, Rahmad Rosaldi, Hikmah Rossa, Aliffa S Sumarlin Sagala , Vipi Zetiara Salwa, Shakhila Saragih, Alkausar Sari, Farida Sartika Daulay, Anny Sasnita, Merida Selfia Lestary Shilvia, Fatin Sinaga, Novita Yulianti Siradjuddin Siregar , Anisah Sitompul, M. Saleh Sitorus, Dara Indah Sri Wahyuni Syahfitri , Adelya Syahputra, Ricky Andi Syalsabila Putri Syarifah, Aulia Tamara Army Tambupolon, Sanya Tanika Trizaldi, Asep Utama, Fazrul Amin Vera Estefania Kaban Wijiyaningsih, Dinda Yanti, Rahma Yayuk Putri Rahayu Yulia Nanda Putri Yuniarti , Rafita Yuniarti, Rafita Ziza Putri Aisyia Fauzi Zulmai Rani