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Syatar, Abdul
Univeristas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar
Religion Arts Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Jurnal Al-Dustur

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FROM RITUAL COMMUNITY TO POLITICAL ACTOR: THE TRANSFORMATION AND POWER STRATEGIES OF THE KHALWATIYAH SAMMAN ORDER IN SOUTH SULAWESI Arif, Muhammad; Syatar, Abdul; Husni, Muhammad; Ilham, M.; Ashufah, Abdul Hayyaqdhan
Jurnal Al-Dustur Vol 8 No 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Bone

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30863/aldustur.v8i2.10445

Abstract

This article investigates how politics functions not merely as an external arena of pressure but as a medium of institutional survival for the Khalwatiyah Samman Order in South Sulawesi. While existing studies on Indonesian Sufi orders have predominantly emphasized doctrinal teachings, ritual systems, and patterns of social expansion, they tend to overlook the political mechanisms through which a tarekat negotiates authority, confronts accusations of heresy, and constructs long-term legitimacy within shifting power structures. Addressing this gap, the study focuses on two pivotal historical events—the 1931 heresy accusation issued by King Bone La Mappanyukki and the 1958 ulama assembly organized by the DI/TII movement in Wanua Waru—to demonstrate that the Khalwatiyah Samman Order has continuously acted as both a religious and socio-political institution capable of adapting to, resisting, and strategically engaging competing forces such as monarchy, colonialism, and radical Islamist militancy. Using a qualitative, descriptive-historical method based on manuscripts, archival sources, and oral testimonies, the research reveals that the tarekat’s endurance is sustained through three interconnected strategies: cultural accommodation within local power structures, intellectual-theological argumentation to counter delegitimization, and the mobilization of a broad follower base as a source of social capital. These strategies not only defend its orthodoxy but also allow the tarekat to convert political threats into opportunities for institutional consolidation. The article therefore argues that politics, in this context, is not solely a site of contestation but a resource for identity affirmation and doctrinal continuity, offering a new analytical lens for understanding Sufi orders in Indonesia as adaptive actors with historical agency in the negotiation of religious and political authority.
Co-Authors A. Qadir Gassing Abbas Langaji Abbas, Abdul Haris Abubakar, Achmad Achmad Abubakar Achmad Abubakar Achmad Musyahid, Achmad Affandi, Ahmad Zulkifli Ahmad Ahmad Ahmad Ahmad Ahmad Arief Ahmad Fadil Ahmad Fauzan Ahmad Fauzan Ahmad Musyahid Ahmad Yani Ahmad, sulaeman Alfajri Anugrah Ali Wardani Alimuddin, Harwis Amin, Abd. Rauf Muhammad Amir, Indriyani Amiruddin, Muhammad Majdy Andi Muh. Taqiyuddin BN Andi Muh. Taqiyuddin BN Angelina Atika Putri Arif Rahman Arif Rahman Arif Rahman Arif Rahman Ramli Ashufah, Abdul Hayyaqdhan Baharuddin Baso Hasyim Baso Pallawagau Bin Sapa, Nasrullah Budiarti A Rahman Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni Darhan Sutradi Hukpar Darmawati Darmawati H, Darmawati Darussalam Syamsuddin Darussalam Syamsuddin Djalal, Marini Abdul Fadyah Aqsari Yusri Fahri, Ahmad Aidil Febrianti Febrianti Firdayanti Firdayanti Firdayanti, Fifi Firmansyah Basir Gadallah, Muhammad Sa'ad Abdel Khaliq Hada, Heriya Haddade, Abdul Wahid Hannani Has, Nisaul Haq Bintu Hasanuddin Hasanuddin Hasanuddin Hasanuddin Hasim, Hasanuddin Husnul Khatimah Ikhsan, Muh Ilham, M. Islamul Haq Juliana Juliana Kamaluddin Nurdin Marjuni Karim, Abdul Rahim Kasjim Salenda, Kasjim Kurniati Kurniati Kurniati Kurniati Kurniati Kurniati Kurniati Lomba Sultan M Ilham M. Ilham M. Ilham M. Rizki Ramadhan Marilang Marilang Marwah, Andi Mayyadah, Mayyadah MMSI Irfan ,S. Kom Mohasa, Muhammad Fajri Muammar Bakry Muaz Dhiyaulhaq Imran Muh Saaid Muh. Askar Sudana Muh. Sadli Sabir Muhammad Ali Rusdi Bedong Muhammad Amin, Abd. Rauf Muhammad Arief Muhammad Arif Muhammad Fazlurrahman Syarif Muhammad Haramain Muhammad Husni Muhammad Ilham Muhammad Imran Muhammad Jumaidi Pamalingan Muhammad Tahir Muhammad Taufan Djafri Mulham Jaki Asti Mundzir, Chaerul Musmulyadi Musmulyadi Mustafa, Zulhas'ari Musyfikah Ilyas Nasrullah Bin Sapa Nurahmad, Nurahmad Nurbaeti Nurbaety, Andy Nurfadillah Nurwijayanti Putri, Rezki Suci Amalia Qayum, Abd. Rahman Hi Rafid A, Noercholis Rahmat Wardana Rahmatullah Rasna Rasna Reski Cahyani Ilham Rezki Fauzi Hidayat Ridwan, Mir'atul Mar'ah Rifaldi Rifaldi Rifaldi Rifaldi Rindi Rindi Rini Fitriani Rosdianah Rahim, Rosdianah Rusdiansyah Rusdiansyah Saende, Zubair Rahman Saidah Saidah Salsabila, Unik Hanifah Sanusi, Nur Taufiq Sapa, Nasrullah Bin Saputra, Andi Tri Sastrawati, Nila Siti Aisyah Siti Hajar Sofyan Sofyan Suhartati Supardin Supardin, Supardin Suprisal Syarif, Muhammad Fazlurrahman Tayang, Riswandi Teguh Dermawan Umi Handayani Waeno, Mahamadaree Wahid, Sahid Winanda Winanda Wiwin Hasrianti Rukmana Yuliani Safitri, Yuliani Yunus, Purnamaniswaty Yusmi Yusmi Zainal Abidin Zehratul Eitriya Zulfahmi Alwi Zulfahmi Alwi Zulhas'ari Mustafa Zulkifli