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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Derived from Patin Fish Oil on Diabetic Nephropathy: A Bioinformatics Study Doddy Aditya Purnomo; Awidarta, Kevin; Nugroho, Agung Endro; Rohman, Abdul
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Article In Press 2026
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.22899

Diabetic nephropathy is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus with a significant global impact on end-stage renal disease. Fish-derived fatty acids show promise in inflammatory disorders, but their mechanisms in diabetic nephropathy remain unclear. This study used network pharmacology and molecular docking to investigate the therapeutic targets of EPA and DHA from Patin fish oils. Potential targets of EPA and DHA were retrieved from the Swiss Target Prediction, SEA, and SuperPRED databases, identifying 160 and 185 targets, respectively. Notably, 37 and 62 of these targets overlapped with DN-related targets from GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis revealed hub genes, including PPARG, TLR4, and TP53, as critical mediators. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed involvement in biological processes such as collagen metabolic process for EPA and regulation of inflammatory response for DHA, while KEGG pathway analysis highlighted the modulation of PPAR signaling, the renin-angiotensin system, and the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Molecular docking confirmed favorable binding affinities of EPA and DHA to key targets such as PPARG (-8.04 kcal/mol for DHA) and PPARD (-8.11 kcal/mol for EPA). These findings suggest that EPA and DHA may mitigate DN-associated inflammation through multi-target and multi-pathway interactions, positioning them as potential supplementary therapeutic agents.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Derived from Patin Fish Oil on Diabetic Nephropathy: A Bioinformatics Study Purnomo, Doddy Aditya; Awidarta, Kevin; Nugroho, Agung Endro; Rohman, Abdul
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 14, No 1 (2026): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.22899

Diabetic nephropathy is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus with a significant global impact on end-stage renal disease. Fish-derived fatty acids show promise in inflammatory disorders, but their mechanisms in diabetic nephropathy remain unclear. This study used network pharmacology and molecular docking to investigate the therapeutic targets of EPA and DHA from Patin fish oils. Potential targets of EPA and DHA were retrieved from the Swiss Target Prediction, SEA, and SuperPRED databases, identifying 160 and 185 targets, respectively. Notably, 37 and 62 of these targets overlapped with DN-related targets from GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis revealed hub genes, including PPARG, TLR4, and TP53, as critical mediators. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed involvement in biological processes such as collagen metabolic process for EPA and regulation of inflammatory response for DHA, while KEGG pathway analysis highlighted the modulation of PPAR signaling, the renin-angiotensin system, and the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Molecular docking confirmed favorable binding affinities of EPA and DHA to key targets such as PPARG (-8.04 kcal/mol for DHA) and PPARD (-8.11 kcal/mol for EPA). These findings suggest that EPA and DHA may mitigate DN-associated inflammation through multi-target and multi-pathway interactions, positioning them as potential supplementary therapeutic agents.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Derived from Patin Fish Oil on Diabetic Nephropathy: A Bioinformatics Study Purnomo, Doddy Aditya; Awidarta, Kevin; Nugroho, Agung Endro; Rohman, Abdul
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 14, No 1 (2026): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.22899

Diabetic nephropathy is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus with a significant global impact on end-stage renal disease. Fish-derived fatty acids show promise in inflammatory disorders, but their mechanisms in diabetic nephropathy remain unclear. This study used network pharmacology and molecular docking to investigate the therapeutic targets of EPA and DHA from Patin fish oils. Potential targets of EPA and DHA were retrieved from the Swiss Target Prediction, SEA, and SuperPRED databases, identifying 160 and 185 targets, respectively. Notably, 37 and 62 of these targets overlapped with DN-related targets from GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis revealed hub genes, including PPARG, TLR4, and TP53, as critical mediators. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed involvement in biological processes such as collagen metabolic process for EPA and regulation of inflammatory response for DHA, while KEGG pathway analysis highlighted the modulation of PPAR signaling, the renin-angiotensin system, and the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Molecular docking confirmed favorable binding affinities of EPA and DHA to key targets such as PPARG (-8.04 kcal/mol for DHA) and PPARD (-8.11 kcal/mol for EPA). These findings suggest that EPA and DHA may mitigate DN-associated inflammation through multi-target and multi-pathway interactions, positioning them as potential supplementary therapeutic agents.

Prevalence and factors associated with uncontrolled blood pressure in dialysis patients using antihypertensive: a narrative review Pulungan, Yulianasari; Nugroho, Agung Endro; Pramantara, I Dewa Putu
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 4 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.7768

Hypertension in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis is difficult to control leading to a significant risk factor for a cardiovascular event. The aimed of this review is to summarize the prevalence of uncontrolled blood pressure in dialysis patients. This review hopefully can serve as a valuable reference and source of insight for clinicians in their efforts to attain controlled blood pressure in dialysis patients. The relevant literatures was undertaken from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies addressing the factor associated with uncontrolled blood pressure in hemodialysis patients using antihypertensives from 2013 to 2023. Combinations of search terms were "uncontrolled" and "blood pressure" and "dialysis" and "antihypertensive”. Any study in English, including randomized control trials, cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies was included. Uncontrolled blood pressure is very common among hypertension in dialysis patients (28.7 - 78.33% of cases). Factors affecting blood pressure in dialysis patients include age, obesity, and comorbidity (diabetes and stage of chronic kidney disease). Although the relationship between gender, the number of antihypertensive, the number of dialysis, and the length of dialysis sessions with blood pressure varies, some studies have shown a positive association.

Antibiotics Drug Use Evaluation Among Patients With Kidney Disorder in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital of Yogyakarta Rilawati, Fentyana Dwi; Nugroho, Agung Endro; Inayati
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2012.v01.i01.p02

Antibiotic that appropriately as used anti-infective has drug a great success in reducing morbidity and mortality rates resulted from various infectious diseases, leading its increasing usage. Antibiotic are generally eliminated through kidney. Patients with kidney disorder, dosage adjustment is recommended for certain antibiotics. This research aims at evaluating the use of antibiotics among patients with kidney disorder in the inpatient wards of PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Yogyakarta. Data collection was done retrospectively based on medical record data of inpatients meeting both inclusion and exclusion criteria in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Yogyakarta. Data processing was done by using a descriptive analytical technique. Result of the study shows that there were 76 patients with kidney disorder using antibiotics and meet inclusion and exclusion criteria. In this study patients wasn’t shown an indications of infection is aproximately 75,00% (57 patients) and patient with indication infection were 25,00% (19 patients). From those who have an appropriate indication, it is just 21,05% (16 patient) have an appropriate medication, 23,68% (18 patient) is right patient and 22,37% (17 patient) have an appropriate doses. Clinical outcome of those 19 patient is good (14 patient) with inpatient duration less than 7 days for 12 patient. Total 76 patient with renal disorder who received antibiotics, 21,05% (16 patients) have inappropriate doses which is mean there is no doses adjusment according to the creatinine clearance of each patient. Keywords: Antibiotics; Kidney Disorders; Rational Drug; Dose

Kejadian Adverse Drug Reactions Terapi Antihipertensi pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis: Tinjauan Naratif Fadilah, Ummul; Probosuseno, Probosuseno; Nugroho, Agung Endro
Majalah Farmaseutik Vol 22, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/farmaseutik.v22i1.109400

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor utama penyebab terjadinya Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), dimana tekanan darah yang tidak terkontrol dapat merusak pembuluh darah ginjal dan mengurangi kemampuan ginjal dalam menyaring limbah tubuh. Pasien CKD berisiko mengalami ADR akibat penumpukan obat dalam tubuh akibat terjadinya penurunan fungsi ginjal. Hal ini dapat berdampak pada fisiologi dan komorbiditas yang berpengaruh pada perubahan dalam respon farmakologis yang dapat meningkatkan terjadinya ADR akibat penggunaan obat-obatan secara bersamaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merangkum dan membahas bukti-bukti ilmiah terkini mengenai efek samping yang diinduksi oleh berbagai kelas obat antihipertensi pada pasien dengan gagal ginjal kronis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan melalui tinjauan naratif yang dilakukan dengan empat tahap, yaoitu penentuan kata kunci, kriteria inklusi dan esklusi, seleksi literatur, serta analisis hasil. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui database Scopus, Pubmed, dan Science Direct. Berdasarkan review yang dilakukan diperoleh bahwa pemilihan antihipertensi pada CKD harus bersifat individual. Inhibitor RAS sebaiknya dipertahankan dengan pengelolaan hiperkalemia. Diuretik dan CCB memiliki peran sesuai kebutuhan dan profil keamanan. Pendekatan berbasis kondisi pasien diperlukan untuk hasil yang optimal.

Decoding the role of tannic acid in wound healing: a dual‐action mechanism linking IL‐1β modulation and FGF‐driven tissue repair Swastini, Dewa Ayu; Nugroho, Agung Endro; Martien, Ronny; Fachiroh, Jajah; Khafi, Muhammad; Putra, Komang Dian Aditya
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 31, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.113925

Tannic acid (TA) has been shown in a previous study to expedite cutaneous wound healing in rats; however, the precise mechanism by which it operates remains poorly understood. This research evaluates the effects of TA on wound healing using both in vitro and in silico methods. In vitro, its influence on the inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and the growth factor fibroblast growth factor (FGF) throughout the healing process were assessed. In silico molecular docking was employed to predict direct ligand–protein interactions and to provide a mechanistic insight into whether these proteins represent primary molecular targets or downstream effects. Parameters evaluated included cell viability and proliferation, scratch assays, and the activity of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line, together with growth factors in the NIH 3T3 fibroblast cell line; all were evaluated using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results indicate that TA significantly facilitates wound closure by promoting NIH 3T3 fibroblast cell proliferation, enhancing FGF expression, and suppressing IL‐1ß synthesis in both in vitro and in silico approaches. These findings suggest that TA may hold considerable promise for wound‐healing management.

Ketidaksesuaian Penggunaan Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) pada Lanjut Usia dan Interaksi Obat: Kajian Naratif Arief, Thendi Abdul; Rachmadi, Nabila Risti; Fahriah, Hanum Hasifah; Nugroho, Agung Endro
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 12 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento (In progress)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v12i1.11519

Background: PPIs are highly effective for treating gastrointestinal disorders, including dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Furthermore, for the prophylaxis of NSAIDs and to mitigate gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving glucocorticoids, antiplatelet agents, or anticoagulants, particularly in the elderly population. The prescribing of PPIs among elderly patients remains a widespread issue that can lead to inappropriate use, hospital admission, or discharge. Additionally, the inappropriate use of PPIs can lead to possible drug-drug interactions.Objective: This narrative review aims to comprehensively assess inappropriateness associated with PPIs use in the elderly population and drug-drug interactions.Methods: Studies published from 2014 to 2024 were identified through a comprehensive search of multiple databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect.Results: Long-term dangers such as infections and nutritional deficits are increased by inappropriate usage, which is defined by unwarranted commencement and lengthy duration. Simultaneously, PPIs present significant DDI hazards through modulating the absorption of pH-dependent medications and blocking cytochrome P450 enzymes, particularly CYP2C19. These risks are made worse by the prevalence of polypharmacy and aging-related deterioration of renal and hepatic function.Conclusion: In clinical practice, these findings call for systematic drug reviews and organized deprescribing programs to detect and manage high-risk combos. Implementing PPI stewardship programs in hospital and community settings is highly advised at the policy and systems level to enhance pharmaceutical safety in this susceptible population and to encourage evidence-based, guideline-concordant prescription.

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