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All Journal Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Jurnal Promkes: The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Health Education The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan Suara Forikes Journal Of Vocational Health Studies Qanun Medika - Medical Journal Faculty of Medicine Muhammadiyah Surabaya EMBRIO : Jurnal Kebidanan Jurnal Kreativitas PKM ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran Biomolecular and Health Science Journal JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) Jurnal Abdi Insani Majalah Biomorfologi (Biomorphology Journal) Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Service) JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Lumbung Inovasi: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat INDONESIAN MIDWIFERY HEALTH AND SCIENCES JOURNAL Narra J Indonesian Andrology and Biomedical Journal The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy Strada Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (SJIK) Folia Medica Indonesiana
I'tishom, Reny
Departemen Biologi Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
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Therapy Effect of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Peel Extract to Increase the Number of Sertoli Cells On BALB/c Mice (Mus musculus) Exposed to Lead Acetate Wulandari, Evy; I'tishom, Reny; Sudjarwo, Sri Agus
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 56, No. 2
Publisher : Folia Medica Indonesiana

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Lead is the free radicals and heavy metals of major pollutants in the environment. Lead is toxic and cumulative. Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel extract is a natural antioxidant. Red dragon fruit peel extract can be used to stabilize free radicals by supplementing electron deficiencies and inhibiting chain reactions. This study aimed to analyze therapy effect of red dragon fruit peel extract to increase the number of Sertoli cells on BALB/c mice (Mus musculus) exposed to lead acetate. Fourty mice were divided into 5 groups (each group consisted of 8 mice). K- group was the control group without lead acetate and dragon fruit peel extract administration, K + group was given 100 mg/KgBW lead acetate orally on the 1st day until day 14th.. P1, P2, and P3 group were continued with red dragon extract orally on the 15th day until 39th day. P1 with dose 250 mg/KgBW, P2 with dose 500 mg/KgBW, and P3 with dose 1000 mg/KgBW. The result showed significant difference (P<0.05) in the number of Sertoli cells between K+ and P1, P2, P3 group. In conclusion, dose 500 mg/kgBW of red dragon fruit peel extract can be used as the most effective therapy to increase the number of Sertoli cells on mice exposed to acetate lead.
Papaya seed extract lowers sperm concentrations, motility and viability in male mice Wiryawan, Reryd Arindany; I'tishom, Reny; Purwaningsih, Sri
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 51, No. 4
Publisher : Folia Medica Indonesiana

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Indonesia is a developing country with a dense population, so the government carry on KB (Family Planning) program in which the targets are mostly women. Contraceptives are intended for women are birth control pills and IUD (Intra Uterine Device), whereas until now the contraceptive for men who are considered well-established are condom and vasectomy. Thus, the development of herbal medicine, which is cheap and affordable, makes it possible to be consumed in a long term with less meaningful side effects. Papaya seeds (Carica papaya) is one of the many plants used by communities to eradicate intestinal worms, menstrual laxative, and abortivum. Empirically papaya fruit, leaves, and seeds of papaya also contains carpaine, an alkaloid which is used as anthelmintic. Papaya seeds, which are edible and spicy in India are used for contraception. Alkaloid content in seeds of papaya can be antifertility herbal plants for males that can be measured from the quality of spermatozoa. Alkaloid compounds contained in papaya seeds can disrupt the hormone testosterone, which would interfere the sperm quality, making papaya seed potential to become a candidate for contraceptive.
Centella asiatica Nanoparticles as Potential Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor for Cognitive Decline Therapy using Ellman's Method: An in Vitro Study Nathania, Nathania; Kusumaningrum, Selvina Cindy; I'tishom, Reny; Kumalasari, Feranita; Margiana, Ria
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 60, No. 4
Publisher : Folia Medica Indonesiana

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Highlights: 1. This research contributes novel data to current studies by combining the potential of Centella asiatica extract with PEG-400 to develop a therapeutic agent aimed at improving cognitive function through an effective drug delivery system capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier. 2. The findings of this study revealed that the combination of Centella asiatica extract and PEG-400 at an adequate ratio exhibits great potential as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Abstract Cognitive impairment, caused by neurocognitive changes and neuroinflammation, affects 65.6 million elderly people worldwide and can interfere with their quality of life. Centella asiatica is recognized for its neuroprotective potential due to its active compounds. This study aimed to investigate the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties of Centella asiatica as potential therapeutic agents for cognitive decline. Polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) was used to achieve an effective drug delivery system of Centella asiatica extract, facilitating the inhibition of the apoptosis signaling pathway and allowing neuroprotective agents to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This research involved several testing stages, including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify active compounds (e.g., tryptamine, γ-sitosterol, and β-sitosterol) that contribute to cognitive function improvement. Particle size analysis (PSA) tests were conducted on three formulations of the extract and PEG-400, with ratios of 1:100, 100:1, and 1:1, to determine the optimal formulation for subsequent testing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to observe the morphology and surface structure of the samples, while Ellman's method was employed to test the ability of acetylcholine (ACh) in improving cognitive abilities. The results subsequently underwent descriptive analysis, particle distribution analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), nonparametric tests, image analysis, regression tests, multivariate analysis, and correlation tests. The synthesis demonstrated that the 1:100 formulation produced ideal-sized nanoparticles (5–7 nm), optimal for penetrating the BBB. The PSA and SEM analyses supported this finding by demonstrating homogeneous particle morphology and consistent chemical composition. The in vitro Ellman's assay revealed a high inhibitory rate of 97.63% for the 100:1 formulation. The 1:1 and 1:100 formulations demonstrated a very high effectiveness as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The combination of PEG-400 and Centella asiatica extract has great potential as an innovative pharmacological therapy for cognitive decline. However, further research is required to ensure the right dosage and development of the research findings.
The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Expression in Mouse (Mus musculus) Lungs after Lead Acetate Exposure Dianita, Karina Putri; Setiawan, Herley Windo; Fatimah, Nurmawati; I'tishom, Reny; Subkhan, Mohammad
Majalah Biomorfologi 2026: MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI (IN PRESS)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Lead (Pb), a toxic heavy metal that does not break down in the environment, seriously endangers human health. Oral exposure to lead has a significant impact on the lungs, disrupting physiological functions and causing several respiratory disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced following lead exposure, reducing endogenous antioxidants, particularly superoxide dismutase (SOD). Administration of exogenous antioxidants to enhance SOD activity is therefore a crucial preventive strategy. This study aimed to examine the effect of tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) ethanol extract on SOD expression in the lungs of mice (Mus musculus) after lead acetate exposure. Materials and Methods: This true experimental laboratory study used twenty-five mouse lung tissue samples that had been kept and prepared. Each treatment group comprised five samples: K0 (negative control, given only distillated water), K1 (positive control, given lead acetate at a dose of 0.075 g/kg BW), P1 (lead acetate + tamarillo extract at concentration of 100 mg/kg BW), P2 (lead acetate + tamarillo extract 200 mg/kg BW), and P3 (lead acetate + tamarillo extract 400 mg/kg BW). The duration of the treatments was 35 days. Results: After administering 0.075 g/kg BW of lead acetate, the study found a substantial increase in SOD expression (p < 0.05). In addition, compared to the positive control group, the administration of 100 mg/kg BW of tamarillo ethanol extract resulted in a significant increase in SOD expression (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that tamarillo ethanol extract, compared to the positive control group, significantly elevated SOD expression at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW (p < 0.05). Furthermore, after exposure to lead acetate, the findings have demonstrated that the ethanol extract of tamarillo, particularly at a level of 100 mg/kg BW, efficiently increases SOD expression in mouse lungs.
Protective Effect of Ethanol Extract of Tamarillo (Solanum Betaceum) on Renal Interleukin 1 Expression in Lead Acetate-Exposed Mice Trimitasari, Kurnia; Yuliawati, Tri Hartini; I'tishom, Reny; Fatimah, Nurmawati
Majalah Biomorfologi 2026: MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI (IN PRESS)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The rise in environmental pollution due to industrial and transportation activities has led to widespread lead (Pb) contamination , which enters the body through inhalation or ingestion and accumulates in the kidneys, triggering excessive Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production, which in turn causes oxidative stress and inflammatory responses marked by increased IL-1 expression. Tamarillo, a fruit rich in flavonoids, anthocyanins, and phenolic compounds, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may protect renal tissue against lead-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Objective: To analyze the impact of ethanol extract from tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) on interleukin-1 (IL-1) expression in the kidneys of lead acetate-exposed mice (Mus musculus). Material and Method: This true laboratory experimental study used preserved biological material (BBT) from 30 male mice (Mus musculus), categorized into five distinct groups. The negative control group, labeled K0, received only distilled water; the positive control group, K1, was administered lead acetate at 0.075 g/kgBW; while group P1, P2, and P3 were treated with lead acetate alongside Solanum betaceum extract for 35 days at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW, respectively. IL-1 expression was analyzed via immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the Immunoreactive Score (IRS) method focusing on glomerular and tubular epithelial cells. Result: Significant difference in IL-1 expression among groups (p<0.05). The treatment group that received 100 mg/kgBW tamarillo extract had the lowest levels of IL-1 expression in glomerular cells (mean 4.0) and tubular epithelial cells (mean 5.0) compared to the positive control, indicating dose-dependent. Conclusion: Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) ethanol extract effectively reduces IL-1 expression in glomerular and tubular regions of lead-exposed mice, with the optimal dose at 100 mg/kg BW, demonstrating its potential as a natural anti-inflammatory agent for combating lead-induced renal inflammation.
Co-Authors , Isnin Anang Marhana A. Marlinata Abadiyah Zakiah Kustantina Abdurachman Abdurachman Addia Salsabila Ade Septiari Rahman Adha, Ahmad Zaidan Ni'am Abu Aditiawarman Aditiawarman, Aditiawarman Agustinus Agustinus Ahmad Basori Ahmad Ricardo Silalahi Ahmad Ricardo Silalahi Ahmad Ricardo Silalahi Alphania Rahniayu Ami Ashariati Anak Agung Istri Dalem Cinthya Riris Anak Agung Istri Dalem Cinthya Riris Anak Agung Renjani Kanya Kumari Andi Yasmin Wijaya Andri Rezano Anggi Dearni Silalahi Annas, Jimmy Yanuar Anny Setijo Rahaju, Anny Setijo Arif Rananda Arifa Mustika Arrasy Khawarizmi Ashon Sa’adi Aslama, Fathiy Zakaria Asmalinda, Wita Astri Dewayani Atmaja, Maxwell Aucky Hinting Ayik Rochyatul Jannah Ayik Rochyatul Jannah Azarine Ariqoh Arysanti Bahyshidqi Bambang Purwanto Caesariska Deswima Christian Christopher Sunnu Clara Alverina Daniel Widiyanto David Setyo Budi Diana, Alis Nur Dianita, Karina Putri Dienanta, Savira Butsainah Dita Mega Utami Ditto Rezkiawan Doddy M Soebadi Dwiki Noni Armyta Dzakiyyah, Nurul Ebnudesita, Faiza Rahma Eddy Bagus Wasito Era Fazira Etik Yuliarini Widodo Evy Wulandari Evy Wulandari Faiza Rahma Ebnudesita Faiza Rahma Ebnudesita Faizah Sugiarto Fatimah, Nurmawati Fedik Abdul Rantam Feranita Kumalasari Fitri Indah Pratiwi Fitria Nengsih Gondo Mastutik Hamdani Lunardhi Hanik Badriyah Hidayati,* Mohammad Hasan Machfoed,* Kuntoro,** Soetojo,*** Budi Santoso,**** Suroto,***** Budi Utomo****** Hanna Tabita Hasianna Silitonga Hendy Hendarto HERAWATI, LILIK Herley Windo Setiawan Hermina Novida, Hermina Heru Fajar Trianto Hudi Winarso Inda Corniawati Indarto Susilo, Rahadian Indra Alfaray, Ricky Intan Indah Permatasari IRWANTO Isnin Anang Marhana James Alfedo Jannah, Ayik Rochyatul Jefry Albari Tribowo Jihadna Prima Santika Ruslan Musanip Kartika Afrida Fauzia Kevin kevin Khaerunnisa, Siti Kumalasari, Feranita Kusumaningrum, Selvina Cindy Lionardi, Samuel Lionardy Yodianto Lukman Hakim Magfira Febrianty Lacindung Margiana, Ria Maria Magdalena Awi Maulana Ishom Putra, Wildan Melka Parmanto, Cristian MOCHAMAD AMIN Mochamad Amin Mochammad Abdul Aziz, Mochammad Abdul Mohammad Anam Al-Ari Mohammad F. Qorib Mohammad Fathul Qorib Mohammad Subkhan Muhammad Miftahussurur Mustafa, Mohammad R. Nathania Nathania Nathania Nathania Nathania, Nathania Nila Kurniasari Ninik Darsini Nurul Jannatul Wahidah Nurul Jannatul Wahidah Nurwasis Nurwasis Nyilo Purnami Purnama, Michael Purwanti, Dwi Puspitasari, Renny N. Putri Handini, Lika Qurnianingsih, Ema Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Rafida Anshori Raharjo, Rahmawati Rejeki, Purwo Sri Reryd Arindany Wiryawan, Reryd Arindany Ria Margiana Ria Margiana Rima Wirenviona RINA YUDIWATI BM, RINA Rizaldi, Fikri Rize Budi Amalia Rizkiliano, Ibrahim Hanif Rochmah Kurnijasanti Rossy Sintya Marthasari S.Pd. M Kes I Ketut Sudiana . Safira Nur Izzah Salsabila Rahma Nurani Putri Salsabila, Unik Hanifah Sandra Dewi Sitaresmi Sari, Gadis Meinar Savira Butsainah Dienanta Savira Butsainah Dienanta Savitri, Camilia Metadea Aji Selvina Cindy Kusumaningrum Setiono, Budi Shahnaz Azzahra Sitaresmi, Sandra Dewi Siti Khaerunnisa Soebadi, Doddy Soetojo Soetojo Sofia Zahra Kamila Sri A. Sudjarwo Sri Agus Sudjarwo Sri Purwaningsih Sri Ratna Dwiningsih Steven Sheng Looi Sudana, Nathan Kunta Sudjarwo, Sri A. Suhartono Taat Putra Sunaryo Hardjowijoto Supardi Supardi Susanti, Nurul Fatimah Susanto, Natasha Suyono, Seso Sulijaya Syahnural, Syahnural Syahrizal Pasaribu, Wanly Syarifah, Anis Satus Tanojo, Tjahjo Djojo Tjahjo Djojo Tanojo Tjahjo Djojo Tanojo Trianto, Heru Fajar Trimitasari, Kurnia Tutus Rachkutho Vania Islamey Kusuma wahjoe djatisoesanto Wahyul Anis Widjayanti, Yhenti Widya Juwita WINARTO Winona May Hendrata Yassin, Tita Rudini Yaudiwati, Rina Yohana djurumana Yoshio Yamaoka, Yoshio Yudith Annisa Ayu Rezkitha, Yudith Annisa Ayu Yuliawati, Tri Hartini Zuhria, Ismi