Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS, KETERAMPILAN BERKOMUNIKASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING, NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER, DAN SCRAMBLE PADA SISWA KELAS 4 DI SDN SUNGAI MIAI 4 BANJARMASIN Helda Susanti; Mahmuddin
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 10 No. 04 (2025): Volume 10 No. 04 Desember 2025 In Published
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v10i04.42374

In the 21st century, students are required to master critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity skills, while educators are expected to innovate by applying learning strategies aligned with technological advancements. However, observations in Grade IV at SDN Sungai Miai 4 Banjarmasin revealed that most students remained passive, lacked self-confidence, and faced difficulties in expressing their opinions orally. This study aims to improve students’ learning activity, communication skills, and learning outcomes through the implementation of a combination of Problem-Based Learning (PBL), NHT(NHT), and Scramble models. The research employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) with three cycles, involving 18 fourth-grade students. Data were collected through observations, assessment instruments, and achievement tests, and then analyzed using descriptive qualitative and quantitative methods. The results indicated that teacher engagement increased to the “very good” category, student activeness reached an “almost entirely very high” criterion, and communication skills developed to an “almost entirely very good” level. Furthermore, students’ academic performance achieved both individual and group mastery standards, with 81% obtaining scores ≥70. Therefore, the integration of Problem-Based Learning, Numbered Heads Together, and Scramble models proved effective in creating an active and enjoyable Indonesian language learning environment while contributing positively to the enhancement of students’ competencies.

Strategi BAZNAS dalam Memberdayakan Ekonomi Kaum Dhuafa melalui Program Zakat Produktif di Kecamatan Malili Kabupaten Luwu Timur Abdullah Fikri Adnan; Mahmuddin; Muzdalipafah Sahib; Haeruddin
Jurnal Berita Sosial Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

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This study aims to explore and determine how BAZNAS’s startegy in empowering the economy of the poor through productive zakat in Malili Subsdistrict, East Luwu Regency. This study has two research questions, namely: 1) The implementation of of productive zakat programs through the economic empowerment of the poor ini Malili Subsdistrict, East Luwu Regency. 2). The impact of productive zakat programs run by BAZNAS’s in improving the economics independence of the poor in Malili Subsdistrict, East Luwu Regency. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with an empowerment and scienftific approach. Primary data was obtained through observation, interviews with the head of BAZNAS, two BAZNAS employees, two community leaders and six undreprivuleged people who were the beneficiaries of productiv zakat, as well asdirect documentation in the field. Secondary data was obtained through literature in the form of books, journals, internet and other reading sources related to the study. The results of this study indicate that the empowerment of the poor through productive zakat is running well in accordance with its mechanism, namely the collection of zakat from muzakki. Then, the distribution and utilization of zakat to the poor as a form of productive zakat utilization program. To be targeted for BAZNAS productive zakat, mustahik can submit a proposal or BAZNAS itself can go be seen from the increase in business capital income to the increase in the economic independence of the poor. The implications of this research are: 1) the importance of increasing assistance and training for the poor, not only by providing help but also by continuing to provide skills training so that the products sold are more dominant in the line with trends and keep up with the times. 2) The importance of BAZNAS in facilitating business development networks with broader partners. 3) Expanding the target receipients of assistance, not only to poor entrepreneurs, but also to poor widows and orphans whoo may have the potential to run a business but don’t have the capital.

Pengaruh Harga dan Kualitas Produk Terhadap Volume Penjualan Pada Cilacap Cafe & Resto Kabupaten Majene Ibrahim, Asma; Syamsuriaty; Mahmuddin
Mala'bi: Jurnal Manajemen Ekonomi Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Mala'bi: Jurnal Manajemen Ekonomi
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Yapman Majene

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Abstract Dengan adanya kualitas pelayanan yang baik di dalam suatu perusahaan, akan menciptakan kepuasan bagi para konsumennya. Setelah konsumen merasa puas dengan produk atau jasa yang diterimanya, konsumen akan membandingkan pelayanan yang diberikan. Apabila konsumen merasa benar-benar puas, mereka akan membeli ulang serta memberi rekomendasi kepada orang lain untuk membeli di tempat yang sama. Sejak dahulu makanan menempati urutan teratas dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan manusia, sehingga masalah pangan dikategorikan ke dalam kebutuhan primer atau kebutuhan pokok. Dengan alasan itu, manusia tidak dapat melepaskan kebutuhannya untuk makan karena hanya dengan makan manusia dapat melangsungkan hidupnya. Dalam menikmati hidangan atau makanan, setiap orang memiliki cara yang berbeda untuk memenuhinya. Cara tersebut dapat dengan memilih rumah makan yang indah dengan pelayanan yang mewah, dengan harapan bahwa konsumen akan merasa puas setelah ia mengorbankan sejumlah uang yang cukup besar di rumah makan yang cukup mewah itu. Di samping itu, adapula yang cenderung memilih rumah makan yang biasa tetapi memberikan kepuasan dalam rasa makanan yang disantapnya. Sebagian konsumen ada yang beranggapan dari pada makan makanan yang mewah serta mahal tetapi tidak cukup lezat rasanya, lebihbaik memilih rumah makan yang biasa tetapi cukup lezat sesuai dengan selera mereka. Selain pelayanan, harga juga merupakan variabel penting dalam pemasaran. Harga yang rendah atau harga yang terjangkau menjadi pemicu untuk meningkatkan Volume Penjualan pemasaran (Ferdinand, 2002:11). Faktor lokasi / tempat juga merupakan faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan suatu bisnis. Menurut Jeni Raharjani (2005 : 5), strategi lokasi / tempat adalah salah satu determinan yang paling penting dalam perilaku konsumen, perusahaan harus memilih lokasi yang strategis dalam menempatkan tokonya (Rumah Makan) di suatu kawasan / daerah yang dekat dengan keramaian dan aktiivitas masyarakat. Karena apabila terjadi kesalahan dalam memilih lokasi / tempat akan berpengaruh besar pada kelangsungan hidup pemilik rumah makan.

IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL), SOMATIS AUDITORI VISUAL INTELEKTUAL (SAVI), DAN COOPERATIVE INTEGRATED READING AND COMPOSITION (CIRC) PADA KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA MEMAHAMI ISI CERITA SISWA DI KELAS 4 SDN GUNUNG MELATI 2 DI KAB Ainun Azzahra; Mahmuddin
Didaktik : Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang Vol. 12 No. 01 (2026): Volume 12 No. 01, Maret 2026 Published
Publisher : STKIP Subang

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ABSTRACT Fourth-grade students in Indonesia face low learning outcomes, particularly in reading and story comprehension. Students' reluctance to actively participate in class, their lack of assurance of understanding the material, and a lack of variety in teaching strategies are some contributing factors. By applying PBL, SAVI, and CIRC theories, the purpose of this study was to characterize teacher activities and analyze student activities and learning outcomes. This study used the CAR method. The study was conducted in two cycles, with two meetings in each cycle. The participants were fourth-grade students of SDN Gunung Melati 2. Data were collected through tests and observations, and analyzed qualitatively in several stages, such as data reduction, presentation of findings, drawing conclusions, and verification. Furthermore, the development of student learning success was assessed using quantitative analysis, both in written and oral exams. Instructor activity received a score of 18 in the first cycle, which is classified as "good," and increased to 23 in the second cycle, which is classified as "very good," according to research data. Furthermore, student participation increased significantly, from 70% in the first cycle, which is classified as "active," to 100% in the second cycle, which is classified as "very active." Students' cognitive learning outcomes also increased from 70% in the "good" category in the first cycle to 100% or "very good" in the second cycle. The conclusion of this study is that learning using the PBL, SAVI, and CIRC models was successfully implemented to improve learning outcomes, student participation, and teacher performance. Keywords: Problem Based Learning (PBL), Somatis Auditori Visual Intelektual (SAVI), Cooperative Integrated Reading And Composition (CIRC), Learning Outcomes, Reading Skills, Comprehension of Story Content

TINJAUAN YURIDIS SENGKETA KEBIJAKAN EKSPOR NIKEL INDONESIA DI WTO DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KEDAULATAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM NEGARA BERKEMBANG Rahmat Giling; Annie Myranika; Nursalim; Mahmuddin; Dany Wahyu
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i2.646

This study analyses the dispute over Indonesia’s nickel ore export policy at the World Trade Organization (WTO), initiated by the European Union (DS592), as a paradigmatic case in the conflict between international trade obligations and developing countries’ sovereignty over natural resources. Using a normative-empirical legal research method, this article examines the WTO Panel’s November 2022 ruling and Indonesia’s appeal, and relates these to recent developments in the reform of Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) under UNCITRAL Working Group III. The study finds that this dispute illustrates a fundamental tension between GATT Article XX (general exceptions) and sustainable industrialisation policies. A comparative analysis with the Argentina Footwear and *China Raw Materials* cases demonstrates the evolution of WTO jurisprudence regarding natural resource conservation policies. Furthermore, this study critiques the deficiencies of the WTO Appellate Body and proposes a Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement (MPIA) as an alternative mechanism. The implications of this dispute extend to the realm of international investment arbitration, where similar policies could potentially give rise to *indirect expropriation* claims under Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs). The study recommends harmonising natural resource industrialisation policies with WTO provisions through an integrated sustainable development approach, as well as Indonesia’s participation in the MPIA to ensure access to effective appellate review.

Dakwah Multikultural di Era Digital: Membingkai Keragaman dalam Algoritma Media Sosial Ariadi; Mahmuddin
Al Iman: Jurnal Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Al-Iman Jurnal Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan
Publisher : STID Raudlatul Iman Sumenep

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This study aims to analyze the concept and implementation of multicultural da’wah within the digital era, focusing on the dynamics of social media as a new arena for spreading Islamic values. The transformation of communication patterns due to technological advancement requires an adaptive approach to the cultural and social diversity of society. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method using a library research approach, analyzing relevant literature on Islamic propagation, multiculturalism, and digital communication. The results reveal that multicultural da’wah on social media functions not only as a means of religious dissemination but also as a medium for social reconciliation that strengthens tolerance and religious moderation. Effective strategies include the utilization of social media algorithms, inclusive message packaging, and cross-community collaboration. The main challenges identified involve misinformation, hate speech, and algorithmic bias. Therefore, strengthening digital religious literacy and Islamic communication ethics is essential to ensure that da’wah remains relevant, humanistic, and peaceful amid the complexity of the digital world Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep dan implementasi dakwah multikultural dalam konteks era digital, dengan menyoroti dinamika media sosial sebagai ruang baru penyebaran nilai-nilai keislaman. Perubahan pola komunikasi akibat perkembangan teknologi informasi menuntut adanya pendekatan dakwah yang adaptif terhadap keberagaman budaya dan sosial masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan melalui analisis berbagai literatur yang relevan tentang dakwah, multikulturalisme, dan komunikasi digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dakwah multikultural di media sosial tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai sarana penyebaran ajaran Islam, tetapi juga sebagai instrumen rekonsiliasi sosial yang memperkuat nilai toleransi dan moderasi beragama. Strategi efektif yang ditemukan meliputi pemanfaatan algoritma media sosial, pengemasan pesan yang inklusif, dan kolaborasi lintas komunitas. Adapun tantangan utama dakwah di ruang digital meliputi penyebaran disinformasi, ujaran kebencian, dan bias algoritmik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan literasi digital keagamaan dan etika komunikasi Islam agar dakwah tetap relevan, humanis, dan menyejukkan di tengah kompleksitas dunia digital.

Dakwah Multikultural di Era Digital: Membingkai Keragaman dalam Algoritma Media Sosial Ariadi; Mahmuddin
Al Iman: Jurnal Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Al-Iman Jurnal Keislaman dan Kemasyarakatan
Publisher : STID Raudlatul Iman Sumenep

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This study aims to analyze the concept and implementation of multicultural da’wah within the digital era, focusing on the dynamics of social media as a new arena for spreading Islamic values. The transformation of communication patterns due to technological advancement requires an adaptive approach to the cultural and social diversity of society. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method using a library research approach, analyzing relevant literature on Islamic propagation, multiculturalism, and digital communication. The results reveal that multicultural da’wah on social media functions not only as a means of religious dissemination but also as a medium for social reconciliation that strengthens tolerance and religious moderation. Effective strategies include the utilization of social media algorithms, inclusive message packaging, and cross-community collaboration. The main challenges identified involve misinformation, hate speech, and algorithmic bias. Therefore, strengthening digital religious literacy and Islamic communication ethics is essential to ensure that da’wah remains relevant, humanistic, and peaceful amid the complexity of the digital world Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep dan implementasi dakwah multikultural dalam konteks era digital, dengan menyoroti dinamika media sosial sebagai ruang baru penyebaran nilai-nilai keislaman. Perubahan pola komunikasi akibat perkembangan teknologi informasi menuntut adanya pendekatan dakwah yang adaptif terhadap keberagaman budaya dan sosial masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan melalui analisis berbagai literatur yang relevan tentang dakwah, multikulturalisme, dan komunikasi digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dakwah multikultural di media sosial tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai sarana penyebaran ajaran Islam, tetapi juga sebagai instrumen rekonsiliasi sosial yang memperkuat nilai toleransi dan moderasi beragama. Strategi efektif yang ditemukan meliputi pemanfaatan algoritma media sosial, pengemasan pesan yang inklusif, dan kolaborasi lintas komunitas. Adapun tantangan utama dakwah di ruang digital meliputi penyebaran disinformasi, ujaran kebencian, dan bias algoritmik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan literasi digital keagamaan dan etika komunikasi Islam agar dakwah tetap relevan, humanis, dan menyejukkan di tengah kompleksitas dunia digital.

Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Membaca Pemahaman Siswa Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran ROBOT pada Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Materi Teks Nonfiksi di Kelas 5 SDN Simpang Empat Banjar Muhammad Fadhil Hasani; Mahmuddin
Pendas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar Vol. 11 No. 02 (2026): Volume 11 Nomor 02, Juni 2026 Published
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/jp.v11i02.48466

The problem in this research is the low level of activity, critical thinking skills and student learning outcomes. This is because the learning process still applies teacher centered learning, and students have difficulty understanding non-fiction text material in Indonesian language subjects. An effort to overcome this problem is by implementing the ROBOT learning model which is a combination of the Problem Based Learning, Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition, and Talking Stick models. The aim of this research is to increase teacher activity, student activity and student learning outcomes. This research used Class Research (PTK) which was carried out in 4 meetings. The subjects of this research were class V students at SDN Simpang Empat, Kertak Hanyar District, Banjar Regency, totaling 24 students consisting of 15 male students and 9 female students, in semester 2 of the 2023/2024 academic year. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data taken is qualitative data obtained through observing teacher activities, student activities and then using quantitative data for student learning outcomes obtained through group and individual written tests. The results of this research show that the teacher's activity at meeting 4 received a score of 23 with the criteria "Very Good". Student activity at meeting 4 obtained a percentage of 88% with the criteria "Very Active". For classical completeness, students' reading comprehension learning results at meeting 4 obtained a percentage of 100% with the "Complete" criterion. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that the use of the ROBOT model can improve the quality of teacher activities, student activities and student learning outcomes

KONTROVERSI POLITIK HUKUM DALAM KEBIJAKAN PEMBATASAN IMPOR KOMODITAS STRATEGIS PERSPEKTIF KEDAULATAN EKONOMI Rahmat Giling; Mustofa Kamil; Dany Wahyu; Nursalim; Mahmuddin
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i2.433

Policies restricting imports of strategic commodities are an important instrument in achieving a nation’s economic sovereignty. In Indonesia, these policies face a range of complex political and legal controversies, particularly in the context of global economic integration and international trade obligations. This paper analyses the political and legal controversies surrounding policies restricting imports of strategic commodities from the perspective of economic sovereignty, using a normative legal research method supplemented by historical, conceptual and comparative legal approaches. The research findings indicate that there is a tension between the interests of protecting national economic sovereignty and the obligations of international trade liberalisation as stipulated in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organisation. This legal-political controversy is reflected in the dynamics of legislative drafting, which is often ambivalent, inconsistent policy implementation, and selective law enforcement. This paper recommends the need for a reconstruction of legal policy that integrates the principle of economic sovereignty into the framework of international trade law through the utilisation of safeguard mechanisms, general exceptions, and industrial policies consistent with international trade commitments.

KAJIAN YURIDIS DAMPAK TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL TERHADAP KEPASTIAN HUKUM DALAM TRANSAKSI BISNIS Rahmat Giling; Pandri Zulfikar; Mahmuddin; Dany Wahyu; Nursalim
Berajah Journal Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): Berajah Journal
Publisher : CV. Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/bj.v6i2.463

The development of digital technology has brought about a fundamental transformation in the conduct of modern business transactions. The emergence of blockchain technology, smart contracts, electronic signatures and e-commerce platforms has changed the conventional paradigm of conducting transactions. However, this digital transformation poses significant challenges to legal certainty in business transactions, particularly in relation to legal validity, consumer protection, dispute resolution and jurisdiction. This study aims to analyse the impact of digital technology on legal certainty in business transactions from a legal perspective using a normative legal research method. The results of the study indicate that digital technology has a two-sided impact on legal certainty: on the one hand, it enhances the efficiency and transparency of transactions; on the other hand, it creates legal uncertainty due to regulations that have not yet been able to keep pace with technological developments. This study recommends the need to harmonise national regulations with international standards, as well as the establishment of a specific legal framework for digital transactions to ensure optimal legal certainty.

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