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Penilaian Kinerja Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) Berdasarkan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 175K/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2021
Jessica, Jessica;
Gunadi, Ariawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1105
The Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK) is a semi-court institution that has the authority to resolve and decide disputes between consumers and business actors on a non-litigation basis. Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection or commonly known as UUPK is a regulatory basis used by BPSK in deciding consumer disputes because UUPK is a law that overshadows all laws that intend to provide protection to consumers. In practice, BPSK is often referred to as an institution that has the authority to examine, resolve, and decide a dispute with a final and binding decision. However, in one example of a case in the Supreme Court decision Number 175K / Pdt.Sus-BPSK / 2021, BPSK decided to impose sanctions on perpetrators outside the authority of BPSK. This is a problem of how to assess the performance of BPSK in deciding consumer disputes. The research method used is normative juridical with a case approach. To improve the performance of BPSK in deciding consumer disputes, it is necessary to update the contradictory UUPK regulations so that BPSK decisions do not cause legal uncertainty for protected consumers. The role burden borne by BPSK is also not balanced with existing Human Resources, so it needs to be improved so that BPSK's performance in deciding consumer disputes can be more careful without overriding applicable laws.
Urgensi Penjatuhan Denda sebagai Sanksi Administrasi Utama: Tinjauan Kasus Persekongkolan Tender dalam Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat
Khantidevi Lukmadi, Fionna;
Gunadi, Ariawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1230
The present-day dynamic development of the world economy is creating enormous changes in trade. The increasing developments and needs of the global market today for adequate facilities and infrastructure for economic activities has created many forms of unhealthy competition, one of which is bid rigging which is carried out to avoid competition between business actors. This tender collusion is widespread among large business actors who want to obtain partnerships with the government in providing infrastructure. Hence, Law Number 5 of 1999 Concerning Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition was formulated which regulates administratif penalty due to bid rigging. Seeing that the problem of tender collusion is still occurring, this research was conducted to identify fines as the main administratif sanction to prevent collusion in tender activities. Therefore, this article was prepared with the title "The Urgency of Imposing Fines as the Main Administratif Sanction: Review of Cases of Tender Rigging in Unfair Business Competition". The object of this research is fines as administratif penalty with the aim that if fines are determined as the main administratif sanction before the main crime, healthy business competition will be created. The normative judicial with literature study is a method that will be used in this research so that we can see how fines as administratif penalty apply in cases of bid rigging.
Analisis Perlindungan Hukum Atas Kerugian Investor Publik Akibat Praktik Insider Trading Berdasarkan Hukum Positif Indonesia
Clementino Moningka, Yosia;
Gunadi, Ariawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1231
This article is motivated by the rapid development of the world of capital markets in Indonesia, and it cannot be denied that one of the crimes occurring in the world of capital markets is the practice of insider trading. This research uses a normative juridical approach, namely a type of approach that examines or analyzes secondary data such as library materials or secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Regulations regarding the practice of insider trading already have a legal umbrella in Article 95 and Article 99 of Law Number 8 of 1995 concerning Capital Markets, but in fact the existence of a legal umbrella with these articles still creates unclear implementation and law enforcement regarding insider trading cases. happened in Indonesia. Situations like this then contribute to losses felt by other public investors. Therefore, this research will discuss legal protection arrangements and legal remedies for public investors who experience losses due to insider trading practices based on Indonesian positive law. This research uses a normative juridical method with the Statute Approach. Legal protection for public investors for losses resulting from insider trading practices is regulated as immaterial losses which can take legal action through litigation, namely civil lawsuits with the argument of unlawful acts, or non-litigation through the Alternative Institution for Financial Services Sector Dispute Resolution which is provided by OJK.
Tinjauan Yuridis Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat Terhadap Usaha Besar dengan UMKM dalam Perspektif UU No. 20 Tahun 2008 (Studi Kasus Putusan Perkara Nomor 02/KPPU-K/2020)
Irma, Febriana;
Gunadi, Ariawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1253
This research discusses the judicial review Unfair Business Competition Against Large Businesses and MSMEs in the Perspective of Law no. 20 of 2008. The primary focus of the study is the violation of Article 35 paragraph (1) of Law No. 20 of 2008 concerning Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises, which prohibits "large enterprises from owning and/or controlling MSMEs as partners in their partnership relationships." Through a case study of the decision by the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU), this research analyzes the legal implications of such violations and their impact on business competition. The research methodology involves legal analysis and the comparison of related cases. The findings reveal the importance of law enforcement in maintaining a fair and healthy business competition environment, safeguarding MSMEs, and promoting sustainable economic development. These findings provide insights for policymakers and legal practitioners in preserving fair and equitable business competition within the MSME sector.
Tinjauan Keabsahan Pelaksanaan Kontrak Elektronik di Indonesia Ditinjau dari Sistem Hukum Positif Indonesia
Nugroho, Hizkia Ivan;
Gunadi, Ariawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1266
With current technological developments, various new innovations have emerged in various aspects in various parts of the world. Then the aspect that is most affected by changes in the current technological era is the agreement or contract. Where changes to the agreement or contract lie in the medium where conventional contracts innovate into electronic contracts. Electronic contracts are often used in electronic transactions because they are more efficient. Positive law regarding electronic contracts is regulated in Civil Law and Law Number 19 of 2016 Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronics. These two regulations explain the legal requirements for implementing a contract and the validity of a contract. The legal requirements for a contract are explained in Article 1320 of the Civil Code, namely that there is an agreement from both parties, the agreement must discuss a certain matter, the parties must have the skills to make an agreement, the agreement must have a valid reason, and the agreement must discuss a matter. certain. If the agreement meets these four conditions then the agreement is considered valid. Then, referring to Article 5 and Article 6 of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, an electronic contract is declared valid if the electronic information in it can be guaranteed and its existence can be proven. The differences in the legal requirements for the two are not too different, only the electronic media is the difference. However, in its implementation, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law needs to strictly regulate the validity of electronic contracts.
Pertanggungjawaban Direksi Atas Tindak Pidana Perpajakan Ditinjau dari Doktrin Business Judgement Rule
Frisca Delicia, Nadya;
Gunadi, Ariawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1267
Legislation in Indonesia is coercive and all-embracing. The tax sector is no exception. Both individuals and corporate entities have an obligation to pay taxes. As a taxpayer, it cannot be denied that there are opportunities to commit tax crimes. This article aims to analyze tax evasion as a means of tax crimes committed by company directors when viewed from the business judgment rule doctrine. This research uses normative juridical legal research by collecting secondary data. The results of this research show that directors can be held personally responsible if they are proven to have committed tax evasion on behalf of the company and cannot be protected by the business judgment rule doctrine.
Legal Protection of Company Data and Confidential Documents with Confidentiality Clauses in Employment Agreements and Code of Conduct (Case Study of PT Metindo Perkasa Decision Number 459/Pdt/2019/Pt.Bdg)
Martheo, Felicia;
Gunadi, Ariawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1324
Protection of company secrets is an important part of ensuring healthy business and business activities. To ensure development activities with fair economic principles, the Indonesian state also strives to protect every business actor who can innovatively create systems and business activities that are mutually beneficial. However, the problem is that monopolistic actions and unhealthy competition often occur and end up with the teacher being one of the parties in a collaboration. For this reason, in order to protect every party in business activities, especially company activities, the state has legal provisions that regulate company secrets. This research aims to find out about legal protection for confidential company data and documents in Indonesia, as well as recognizing the role of work agreements and codes of conduct in the protection of confidential company data and documents. The research method used is descriptive analysis using a statutory approach, a case approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this research indicate that legal protection regarding confidential company documents and data is carried out based on Law no. 8 of 1997 concerning Company Documents and Law no. 30 of 20000 Concerning Trade Secrets, Meanwhile, the role of agreements and codes of conduct is very important in ensuring a healthy relationship between the workforce and the company, and is regulated in Law no. 13 of 2003 concerning Employment.
Telaah Pergeseran Paradigma Asas dan Prinsip Dalam Pendirian Perusahaan Pasca Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja: Tinjauan Konsep dan Penerapannya Terhadap Perusahaan Perorangan
Fionita, Jessica;
Gunadi, Ariawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1344
Establishing a single person limited company is a concept for establishing a company that emerged after the Job Creation Law was passed. Single person limited company allow a company to be established with only one person. This is of course regarding the debate regarding shifting the paradigm regarding the principles and concepts of responsibility that have been adhered to in the corporate legal regime. In this research, the author aims to examine the concept of establishment and responsibility for the formation of single person limited companies after the enactment of the Job Creation Law. This research is normative legal research using conceptual and statutory approaches. In fact, the paradigm shift from the concept of a capital partnership which can be established by a single shareholder is not something new because this has been explained in Article 7 paragraph (5) of the Limited Liability Company Law which states that a company can be established with only one shareholder entity such as an entity. State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN). Single person limited Companies that provide flexibility to shareholders to create a company that can be established by a single shareholder provided that it meets the existing criteria for Small and Medium Enterprises (UMK). The liability of this single person limited company remains the same as that of a Limited Liability Company which has liability limited to the shares owned by the shareholder as explained in article 153 J paragraph (2) of the Job Creation Law as long as there are no matters excluded in that article.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Investor yang Mengalami Kerugian dalam Transaksi Forex Trading Akibat Wanprestasi oleh Pialang Berjangka
Aulia, Riska;
Gunadi, Ariawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1390
Legal protection for investors in forex trading transactions is very important, considering that forex is one of the investment options that is in great demand because it is an investment alternative that provides high returns. Forex trading is carried out outside the Commodity Futures Exchange through an Alternative Trading System (SPA) and under the supervision of the Commodity Futures Trading Supervisory Agency (BAPPEBTI). However, currently there is misuse of Direct Sales Permits (SIUPL) on several online trading sites which are a means of carrying out forex transactions by investors. This research uses a normative research method which explains the contracts regulated in Law No. 10 of 2011 as well as CoFTRA regulations which do not balance the rights and obligations of the parties. This journal will discuss legal protection for investors who experience losses in forex transactions on online trading sites that misuse business licenses.
Pembatalan Pailit Yayasan Rumah Sakit Sandi Karsa (Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1262 K/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2022)
Rimandita, Tiffani;
Gunadi, Ariawan
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Ekasakti
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i2.1396
Decision Number 1262 K/Pdt.Sus-Bankruptcy/2022 has sparked a discourse on the appropriateness of the Judges' Panel granting specificity to the Sandi Karsa Hospital Foundation to annul its bankruptcy declaration, as it operates in the management of hospitals. In essence, bankruptcy laws and PKPU (Penyelesaian Kepailitan dan PKPU) apply universally to all debtors, regardless of their business entity status operating in specific fields. The legal considerations of the judge state that creditors, in reality, intended to declare the debtor bankrupt without taking into account the debtor's proposed peace plan. This consideration becomes an interesting issue, as the acceptance or rejection of a debtor's proposed peace plan is the right of the creditor. The researcher will address the legal issues surrounding Decision Number 1262 K/Pdt.Sus-Bankruptcy/2022 using a normative juridical method. The author seeks answers to these legal issues based on norms, legal perspectives, or legislation. This legislative approach is employed by the researcher to examine legal regulations and other legal provisions related to insurance to address the issue. The application of specific bankruptcy conditions to the Sandi Karsa Hospital Foundation, as reviewed in Supreme Court Decision Number 1262 K/Pdt.Sus-Bankruptcy/2022, is deemed imprecise because the bankruptcy conditions under the Bankruptcy Law and PKPU apply generally and do not provide specificity to individuals or corporations, including legal entities and non-legal entities in liquidation. The voting rights of creditors during the discussion of a proposed peace plan are utilized with consideration for the principle of business continuity for the debtor. These voting rights are a realization of rational considerations and reflect the creditors' intentions toward the peace plan proposed by the debtor.