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All Journal Rechtsidee Jurnal Daulat Hukum Ajudikasi : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Publik (Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi) Hasanuddin Law Review Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia DE LEGA LATA: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Bina Hukum Lingkungan NUSANTARA : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial International Journal of Supply Chain Management JURNAL MERCATORIA Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Awang Long Law Review Unes Law Review Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni Jurnal Al-Dustur JUSTISI Era Hukum: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Hukum Jurnal Ilmu Hukum KYADIREN Progressive Law Review Jurnal Hukum Adigama JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Jurnal Suara Hukum Academia Open Jurnal Scientia Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis SUPREMASI Jurnal Hukum Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law Devotion: Journal of Research and Community Service Indonesian Journal of International Law JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES, SOCIAL SCIENCES AND BUSINESS (JHSSB) Law Development Journal The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research Az Zarqa': Jurnal Hukum Bisnis Islam Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (JIHHP) POLICY, LAW, NOTARY AND REGULATORY ISSUES (POLRI) International Journal Of Economics Social And Technology Indonesia Law Review (ILREV) Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities Bina Hukum Lingkungan Edunity: Kajian Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Journal of Business, Management and Social Studies Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities LamLaj Journal of Health Education Law Information and Humanities Jurnal Serina Abdimas
Ariawan Gunadi
Faculty of Law, Tarumanagara University
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Legal Analysis of Articles of Association Amendments That Cause Share Dilution: Implications for Minority Shareholders' Rights Ferdinandus Zulvacar, Nathanael Ezekiel; Ariawan Gunadi
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i2.12069

Abstract

This study analyzes the juridical validity of amendments to articles of association that lead to share dilution and their implications for minority shareholders in Indonesian corporate law. The urgency arises from the growing number of corporate actions that, while procedurally legal, result in substantive disadvantages for minority shareholders, creating governance imbalances. Using a normative juridical method, the research examines relevant laws, doctrines, and legal principles governing shareholder protection in share dilution cases. The findings reveal that amendments to articles of association often result in a loss of ownership percentage and voting power for minority shareholders due to inadequate safeguards such as pre-emptive rights. The study highlights the gap between formal legal compliance and substantive fairness, identifying weaknesses in both enforcement and regulatory oversight. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the intersection between corporate governance and minority rights in the context of articles of association amendments, an area that remains underexplored in Indonesian legal scholarship. The study concludes that current protections are insufficient and recommends legal reforms, including enhanced minority veto rights, stronger enforcement mechanisms, and the institutionalization of accessible dispute resolution avenues.
Implikasi Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Sepihak Bagi Hak Pekerja Pasca UU Cipta Kerja Tanera, Lauren; Gunadi, Ariawan
Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 9, No 4 (2025): Legal Standing
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24269/ls.v9i4.11838

Abstract

Unilateral termination of employment is a labor issue that has the potential to cause significant economic and welfare impacts on workers. The act of terminating employment without a clear legal basis and without fulfilling workers' rights contradicts the principle of fairness in the industrial sector. This study aims to examine the legal protection aspects for workers who experience termination without mutual agreement and to analyze the role of the government in addressing this issue. This research employs a normative approach by analyzing applicable legal provisions, including legislation and court decisions. Based on Article 28D (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Article 81, point 47 of the Omnibus Law, which revises Article 156(1) of the Manpower Law, workers who experience termination of employment are entitled to compensation in the form of severance pay, long-service appreciation pay, and compensation for other entitlements. Additionally, the government plays a key role as a policymaker and mediator in labor dispute resolution. Although regulations provide a legal foundation for protecting workers' rights, cases of unfair termination continue to occur due to weak enforcement and limited worker awareness of their rights. Therefore, concrete measures are necessary to strengthen law enforcement, enhance oversight of labor regulation implementation, and optimize the government's role in ensuring the protection of workers' rights.
ESTABLISHING CONSUMER SECURITY WITHIN THE PEER-TO-PEER LENDING ECOSYSTEM IN INDONESIA: A JURIDICAL ANALYSIS Samuel, Yoel; Gunadi, Ariawan
Awang Long Law Review Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Awang Long Law Review
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Awang Long

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56301/awl.v7i2.1550

Abstract

The development of financial technology has driven the rise of peer-to-peer lending services in Indonesia, enabling fast and accessible financing. However, this convenience is accompanied by increasing violations of consumer rights, including excessive interest rates, misuse of personal data, and standard agreements that disadvantage consumers. Many users fail to understand the legal implications of the terms they accept, reinforcing an imbalance of power between providers and consumers. Aggressive and unethical debt collection practices have also emerged due to weak regulatory oversight. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of legal consumer protection within Indonesia’s peer-to-peer lending ecosystem. The research applies a normative juridical method through literature review, analysis of Supreme Court Decision No. 1206 K/Pdt/2024, and conceptual legal interpretation. Findings indicate that existing regulations, such as the Consumer Protection Act and the Financial Sector Development and Strengthening Act, have not been optimally enforced, particularly concerning standard clauses and data protection. The government must enhance public legal literacy and strengthen regulatory oversight and sanctions against violations. In conclusion, structural and substantive reforms of fintech regulations are needed to ensure that digital financial innovation advances in alignment with consumer justice and legal protection.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS INTERESTS IN MERGER ACTIONS Puspita, Lidya; Gunadi, Ariawan
Awang Long Law Review Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Awang Long Law Review
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Awang Long

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56301/awl.v7i2.1572

Abstract

partnership, distinguishing it from other business entities that emphasize personal relationships. This legal framework has made limited liability companies attractive to investors, particularly through strategic actions like mergers, which aim to enhance capital structure, competitiveness, and operational efficiency in a dynamic global economy. However, mergers often raise concerns about the protection of minority shareholders, who face potential marginalization due to the dominance of majority shareholders in decision-making processes. This study evaluates the effectiveness of legal protections for minority shareholders in merger actions under the Company Law, identifies gaps in implementation, and proposes policy recommendations to ensure equitable governance. Employing a normative legal research method, the study analyzes primary legal materials (legislation), secondary materials (scholarly literature), and tertiary sources (legal dictionaries). Findings reveal that while the Company Law provides preventive and repressive protections, such as the right to sell shares at a fair price (Article 62) and mandatory general meeting approvals, practical implementation often fails to address power imbalances. Minority shareholders frequently lack influence, and mechanisms like fair price determination are susceptible to manipulation. The study concludes that stronger oversight, enhanced transparency, and stricter enforcement are essential to safeguard minority shareholders’ rights, ensuring mergers align with principles of fairness and good corporate governance.
THE ROLE OF THE NOTARY SUPERVISORY COUNCIL IN ADDRESSING CIVIL LAW VIOLATIONS COMMITTED BY NOTARIES Lukita, Hans; Gunadi, Ariawan
Awang Long Law Review Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Awang Long Law Review
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Awang Long

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56301/awl.v7i2.1576

Abstract

The notary profession holds a strategic position in Indonesia’s civil law system due to its authority to produce authentic deeds with full evidentiary value. However, in practice, there are several cases in which notaries have been reported for alleged civil law violations, including drafting deeds that harm certain parties. This situation highlights the need for proportional legal protection and supervision of notaries as public officials. This study aims to analyze the supervisory mechanisms and the preventive role of the Notary Supervisory Council over notaries reported for civil law violations. This research uses a normative juridical method through literature review and case-based analysis. The findings show that notaries can still be held legally accountable if they are negligent or violate procedures in preparing deeds. In some instances, notarial deeds may be downgraded to private deeds or annulled by law. The Notary Supervisory Council plays a role in administering guidance and tiered supervision, including issuing administrative sanctions such as warnings or dismissals. Additionally, the Council serves as legal support to prevent criminalization of notaries who perform their duties professionally. In conclusion, notary supervision must be carried out fairly and proportionally while upholding the integrity of the profession; it is recommended that the Council’s preventive role be strengthened, particularly through legal assistance in civil cases.
LEGAL CONSEQUENCES OF VIOLATION OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF ABSOLUTE RIGHTS OR LEGITIME PORTIE WHICH RESULT IN INHERITANCE DISPUTES Vianka, Maria Ibella; Gunadi, Ariawan
Awang Long Law Review Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Awang Long Law Review
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Awang Long

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56301/awl.v7i2.1579

Abstract

A will deed is a legal document expressing the testator's final wishes and has binding legal force if created according to applicable law. In practice, inheritance disputes often arise when the contents of a will violate the heirs’ mandatory portion (legitime portie). Such violations can result in legal harm and lead to lawsuits against the notary as the official deed maker. This study aims to analyze the notary’s legal responsibility and the role of the Notary Supervisory Council in resolving inheritance disputes involving wills that breach legitime portie. The research method is normative juridical with a statutory and case approach. The findings show that a notary is obligated to provide legal counseling and refuse to draft deeds that contradict the law, including provisions on legitime portie under Article 913 of the Indonesian Civil Code. If a notary violates this obligation, they may be held civilly liable and sanctioned administratively by the Supervisory Council. The Notary Supervisory Council is authorized to examine notaries, impose sanctions, and report findings through a tiered system from local to national level. In many cases, this oversight mechanism is crucial in maintaining notarial professionalism and integrity while protecting the rights of disadvantaged heirs. It is concluded that the preventive and repressive role of the Notary Supervisory Council must be strengthened to prevent and resolve inheritance disputes arising from legitime portie violations by notaries.
Involvement of Notaries Who Commit Unlawful Acts in Making Deeds of General Meeting of Shareholders and Its Legal Consequences (Case Study of Supreme Court Decision Number 2826 K/Pdt/2021) Wulandari, Dewi; Gunadi, Ariawan
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 4 No. 4 (2024): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities (May-June 2024)
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v4i4.542

Abstract

The RUPS is the highest forum for making company decisions for the benefit of various parties, where shareholders have the opportunity to express opinions, vote, and make decisions regarding company policies. In the GMS, a notary plays a role in making the minutes of the GMS, which records and formulates the entire course of the GMS containing all decisions taken during the meeting, including the results of voting and discussion. The minutes must be signed by the notary and the chairperson of the meeting for legal certainty. In addition, the notary is responsible for ensuring that the GMS is conducted in accordance with applicable regulations, both in terms of form and substance. The notary must verify the validity of the meeting invitation, quorum, and voting rights of the shareholders. However, notaries are often negligent in performing their duties and authorities, which can be categorized as unlawful acts. This research is intended to analyze unlawful acts committed by notaries and the legal consequences arising therein for companies through Supreme Court Decision Number 2826 K/Pdt/2021, using normative juridical methods. The results showed that the unlawful act committed by the notary through the decision was negligence in verifying the results of the GMS due to the absence of the notary in the quorum. This resulted in the actions of a person who served as Director and President Director whose appointment was invalid. This made the notary involved as a defendant in the case and subject to civil sanctions.
Notary's Responsibility to the Bank Regarding the Cooperation Agreement for Completion of Mortgage Lisa Putri Utami; Ariawan Gunadi
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v5i1.832

Abstract

Unfulfilled obligations by the Notary in completing the preparation of the Deed of Credit Agreement, Power of Attorney to Enforce Mortgage Rights (SKMHT), Deed of Granting Mortgage Rights (APHT), and Deed of Acknowledgment of Debt in a cooperation agreement with the Bank will cause losses from the Bank. Completion of Deed Making that is not in accordance with the time limit set in the cooperation agreement must be accountable by the Notary to the Bank. The purpose of this research is to find the responsibility of the Notary towards the delay in making the deed and find the legal implications of the delay in making the deed stated in the cooperation agreement. Normative juridical is the type of research used in this research. The result of the research is that the Notary's delay in making the deed in the cooperation agreement with the Bank can be accounted for by the Notary by compensating the losses arising from the Bank and the legal implications when the Notary is late in making the deed can be sued before the court.
Legal Protection of the Office of Notary against the Principle of Confidentiality in View of Article 66 Paragraph (4) of the Notary Law Nadhea Tungga Devi; Ariawan Gunadi
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v5i1.845

Abstract

This article is entitled “Legal protection of notary positions against the principle of confidentiality in review of Article 66 paragraph (4) of the UUJN”. The research method used is normative juridical research, using secondary data to analyze legal issues. The result of the research is that the legal protection of notaries in maintaining the confidentiality of the contents of their authentic deeds is not effective with the application of article 66 paragraph (4) of the UUJN by law enforcement in examining notaries. This is due to the absence of implementing regulations for article 175 of Law No. 6 of 2023 Jo article 66 paragraph (4) of UUJN, which has implications for the examination of notaries without protection and legal defense efforts to submit to law enforcement photocopies of the Deed Minute and/or letters attached to the Deed Minute or Notary Protocol in the Notary's storage which are confidential and guaranteed by law. Direct examination of notaries based on Constitutional Court Decision 20 PK/PID/2020 if MKN does not respond to law enforcement's request for notary examination (Article 66 (4) UUJN). 
Legal Protection of Creditors' Preferences Rights Regarding Fiduciary Security Receivables Muhammad Awal Alishakur; Ariawan Gunadi
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v5i1.874

Abstract

This article is entitled legal protection of creditors' preference rights for fiduciary guarantee receivables. This article uses a normative legal research type with a research approach . statute approach , namely a legislative approach carried out by identifying legal issues and discuss applicable laws and regulations, in relation to the material discussed . The state through laws and regulations provides legal protection for recipients of guarantees for goods legally in the transfer of rights to goods, one of which is fiduciary guarantees. This guarantee positions the recipient of the guarantee as having special rights, namely being given the first opportunity in terms of making payments if the borrower experiences default or bankruptcy . The recipient of fiduciary guarantees legally according to the Fiduciary Law can sell goods that have been placed as fiduciary guarantees, if the creditor or borrower cannot fulfill their obligations in the loan agreement. This execution is guaranteed in Article 15 paragraph (2) of the Fiduciary Law, through an execution mechanism with a court ruling
Co-Authors Agustin, Dila Wahyu Alberta, Alberta Alexander Arcelino Gunadi Amad Sudiro Ambarita, Dicki Candra Amrie Firmansyah Andre Kiemas Anthony Willyus Wongkar Antonius Ferry Bastian Aprilia, Indah Siti Aulia, Riska Awuy, Euginia Nataniela Ayu Puspita Sari Baehaqi Bianty, Thisia Bondan Cahyadi Budi Prana Prasetyo Calvita Candra, Marvin Carsnelly, Eileen Cendranita, Ivannia Chandra, Edwin Chandra, Yulius Charomain, Mochammad Imam Christina, Nadya Christopher David Nagaria Claudia, Zulian Clementino Moningka, Yosia Cornelia Alpha Daniel Daniel Darren Andreas Dave Chrysander Defilania, Oktri Dewi Rahma Dewi Wulandari Dharmasetya, Lani Ekaratri, Azkia Elysia Wilhelmina Rengkung Endison Ravlindo Evelyn Fahri, Achmad Febrianto, Rizky Ferdinandus Zulvacar, Nathanael Ezekiel Fionita, Jessica Frederick Septian Tuwan Fredrik Siregar, Aristoteles Gerhard Frisca Delicia, Nadya Frisca Frisca Grace Priskilla Suwanto Graciella, Eunike Gumintang, Galuh Gilang Gunardi Gunardi Gunawan, Berry Hakim, M. Rizky Aulia Harjanto, Devy Yulyana Hasan, Laura Kurniadi Herman Joseph Hummerson, Laureen Aurora Ilyasa, Farhan Hamka Irma, Febriana Jennifer Jennifer Jessica Candakentjana Jessica Jessica Joeliant, Hanz Bryan Juan Davis Elhanan Kamil, Renita Kevin Veronica Halim Khanifa Fauziah Khantidevi Lukmadi, Fionna Khutub, Muhammad Kiemas, Andre Kurniawan, Cicelly Chiesa Lestari, Novianti Lina Kristie Yonathin Lisa Putri Utami Loka, Silvia Lukita, Hans Made Aubrey Josephine Angelina Mahardhika, Dutasena Mahieu, Feybiola Cecilia Makawowor, Chelsea The Marchel Thobie Maria Cecilia Nugroho Marshella Cenyvesta Martheo, Felicia Martono Martono Matheus, Juan Mayvians, Tidelstein Melani Harly Melvina Michelle Nathania Michelle Starla Ongko Michelle, Grace Bernadette Mingga, Britney Wilhelmina Berlian Mita, Ermita Ekalia Monica Blazinky Muhammad Abdurrohim Muhammad Awal Alishakur Muhammad Theo Rizki Putra Muzacky, Ahmad Nadhea Tungga Devi Naftalie, Livia Aurelia Nagaria, Christopher David Nugroho, Hizkia Ivan Oping, Timothy Farrel Pagrelia, Yuda Tri Panji Ramadhan Paramitha, Chintya Lie Pascal Amadeo Yapputro Pasyah, Rabbil Arya Petrosina Matauseja Huka, Christia Prasanti, Nandani Bayu Puspa Hartanto, Adinda Puspita, Lidya Putri, Amanda Fitriani Eka Putri, Amelia Natalie Putri, Destia Liana Putri, Pricilia Dwi Anggreni Putri, Qonita Rizqi Iffani Raymond Kusuma Reyza Julianda Mahabati Ricky Ricky Rimandita, Tiffani Rizki, Muhamad Abdul Jamil Rohaya, Nizla Salim, Gerardus Aldo Samudra, Muhammad Bima Samuel, Maria Gabriela Samuel, Yoel sari, nike kumala Shahan, Akbar Helmie Nur Shasmita, Sylvia Stephanie Patricia Prasetyo Suwinto Johan Sylvia, Sylvia Tanera, Lauren Teddy Francis Theresia Wijaya Tsabita, Nabilla Mahva Vanessa Widjaja Vianka, Maria Ibella Vina Octavia Vincent Vincent, Vincent Vivi Heniasy Wanibe, Kenji Dustin Wonohadidjojo, Christopher Howard Yanuar Putra Erwin Yolanda, Maureen Keisha Yudha, Ivan Tirta