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Mardhatillah, Mardhatillah
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Journal : JOURNAL OF APPLIED INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING

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Comparative Analysis of the C5.0 Algorithm and Other Machine Learning Models for Early Detection of Multi-Class Heart Disease Mardhatillah, Mardhatillah; Aidilof, Hafizh Al-Kautsar; Aidilof, Asrianda
Journal of Applied Informatics and Computing Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30871/jaic.v9i4.9753

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases represent the leading cause of mortality worldwide, making accurate and early detection a critical factor for effective medical intervention and improved patient prognosis. While machine learning (ML) offers promising tools for predictive diagnostics, many existing studies rely on single-algorithm approaches or less-than-robust validation methods, thereby limiting the generalizability and real-world applicability of their findings.This study aims to conduct a rigorous, head-to-head comparative evaluation of multiple machine learning algorithms for the multi-class classification of heart disease, with the goal of identifying the most effective and reliable model for this complex clinical task.We utilized a private dataset comprising 300 patient medical records, each described by 11 clinically relevant features. To ensure a robust and unbiased evaluation, a stratified 5-fold cross-validation methodology was employed. Five widely-used classification algorithms were evaluated: Naïve Bayes (NB), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), a C5.0-analog Decision Tree (DT), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Model performance was assessed using standard metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score.The comparative analysis revealed that the Naïve Bayes algorithm delivered superior performance, achieving the highest mean accuracy of 43.33% (±4.22%). It also led in other key metrics with a mean precision of 43.40%, recall of 43.64%, and an F1-score of 41.26%. Other algorithms, such as Logistic Regression (40.67% accuracy) and Random Forest (39.33% accuracy), demonstrated competitive performance but were ultimately surpassed by the Naïve Bayes model in this specific multi-class classification context.This research underscores the critical importance of employing robust validation techniques and comprehensive comparative analyses to identify optimal models for clinical applications. The Naïve Bayes algorithm emerges as a strong candidate for developing a reliable clinical decision support system for the early differentiation of various heart conditions, providing a foundation for future data-driven diagnostic tools.
Co-Authors Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Ade Eka Anggraini Adi Atmoko Adi, Nelfia Adival, M.Trio Adri, Khaeriyah Adri, Khaeriyyah AGUS AGUS Aidilof, Asrianda Aidilof, Hafizh Al-Kautsar Akmaluddin Akmaluddin Ali Muhtadi Andayani, Nita Dwi Anisa, Sarah Anisah Aprian Subhananto Arifin , Slamet Armang, Arnis Asmar Yulastri Asmawati Asmawati Aynin Mashfufah, Aynin Mashfufah Ayu, Al Fajri Kamal baidar baidar Budi, Setia Budiansyah, Bimo Nugroho Cut Marlini Damri Damri Desi Hermawati, Desi Dewi, Santi Kurnia Didik Sukriono Divina P, Amina Dwi Erma Kusumawati Effendi, Muhammad Idris Endang Sri Handayani Faizah, Siti Febrianti, Devy Fitriah, Ulfa Laelatul Fitriani Fitriani Fitriyah, Arikah Nur Fitriyah, Siti Ni’matul Gamaliel Ekklesius Purba Gayut Fatwa, Gayut Gestiardi, Rivan Hano, Alvin Javier Hasanah, Annisa Hastina, Hastina Helminsyah Helminsyah Heriyanda, Heriyanda Huriana, Dian Inayah Inayah Isfaniari, Isfaniari Islami, Kaisra Alfikri Iswandi Iswandi Izzati, Aulia Al Tsani Jumarni Jumarni Jumiati Jumiati K., Shirly Rizky Kamal, Kamal Khurliyah, Fira khusnul khotimah Lestari, Ayuni Magfirah, Elsya Mahrini, Mahrini Mahruri Saputra Masliana, Ade Mudsiani, Mudsiani Muhibuddin Fadhli Mujriyanti, Ana Mulia Putra Murdani Murdani, Murdani Musdiani Musdiani Musnar Indra Daulay Mustakim, Sita Salina Nasriah Nurdiansyah, Alvin Nurhastuti, Nurhastuti Oktaviani Adhi Suciptaningsih Oktavianto, Deo Arief Persada, Yuris Indria Punaji Setyosari Radeni Sukma Indra Dewi Rahma Fitri Rahmattullah, Rahmattullah Ramlan, Pratiwi Ratna Ekawati Revan, Muhammad Alva Riska Pristiani Rizal, Muhammad Syahrul S. Sugiharto Saldri, Khaila Syahira Sari, Vivi Nila Sariakin Sariakin Shirly Rizki Kusumaningrum Siregar, Marlina Siti Mas’ula Siti Mayang Sari Siti Mufidah Slamet Arifin Sri Rahayuningsih Sufyarma Marsidin Sulaiman, Zulkarnain Sumianto Sumianto Sunandar Said Syarfuni Syarfuni Syari Yuliana, Syari Toto Nusantara Wicaksono, Adyatma Nugrahsanto Widiana, Galuh Tisna Wulandari, Putri Lagenda Yenni Fitra Surya Yofita Sandra Yosa Yulia Nasri Yusni Yusni Yusra Fajriyah Yusuf Hanafi Zaki Al Fuad