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METODE MOLEKULER UNTUK MENDETEKSI MIKROBA PENYEBAB PENYAKIT PATOGEN Mustofa, Syazili; Putri Adilla
Medula Vol 14 No 2 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i2.917

Abstract

Pathogenic diseases are diseases that are an important problem for public health, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. This disease occurs when disease-causing microorganisms infect the host's body tissue and then multiply and react to the organism being attacked because of the toxins they produce. Several types of disease pathogens can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. Detection of pathogenic bacteria as a source of infection still relies on isolation methods in pure media culture and microscopic analysis followed by biochemical reactions. However, when using existing techniques, it is difficult to isolate some bacteria in pure culture media, making it a challenge to develop other methods to identify the source of the infection. So far, identification and detection of pathogenic bacteria has only been carried out by observation based on clinical symptoms and history of disease, as well as morphological and physiological characteristics. However, this method is less efficient so a technique is needed that can detect pathogenic bacteria quickly and accurately. There are several types of methods that can be used to identify pathogenic bacteria, namely, methods that target nucleic acids, immunology-based methods, and biosensor-based methods.
LITERATUR REVIEW: TRIKIASIS Gerliandi, Egi Oktarian; Mustofa, Syazili; Lisiswanti, Rika; Sukohar, Asep
Medula Vol 14 No 3 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i3.1008

Abstract

Trichiasis is a pathological disorder characterized by the abnormal growth of eyelashes towards the eyeball, resulting in irritation, pain, and potential harm to the eye. This research utilizes a method of sear Trichiasis is a pathological disorder characterized by the abnormal growth of eyelashes towards the eyeball, resulting in irritation, pain, and potential harm to the eye. The pathophysiology of trichiasis originates with alterations in the structure of the eyelashes and eyelids. Trichiasis is classified into six categories according to the source and location of abnormal eyelash development. The clinical presentation of trichiasis differs according on the extent of the condition. Trichiasis can be diagnosed by assessing the patient's medical history and doing a thorough physical examination. The history encompasses the patient's medical background, record of medication usage, past eye surgical procedures, and the patient's reported symptoms. The physical examination encompasses assessments of visual acuity, biomicroscopic inspection, evaluation of eyelid margins, and the administration of the Schirmer test. The treatment for trichiasis is determined by the extent of eyelash involvement, which includes factors such as the Soft Contact Lense Base Curve. Treatment options may include eyelash removal and surgical procedures, depending on the specific form of trichiasis that the patient is suffering. ching for articles on Google Scholar, PubMed, and NCBI. The search is limited to a specific year range determined by the researcher. The search is conducted using keywords such as trichiasis, etiology of trichiasis, pathophysiology of trichiasis, classification of trichiasis, clinical manifestations of trichiasis, diagnosis of trichiasis, and management of trichiasis. The study's findings revealed that the cause of trichiasis remained unknown, however it was hypothesized to be a result of infection. The pathophysiology of trichiasis originates with alterations in the structure of the eyelashes and eyelids. Trichiasis is classified into six categories according to the source and location of abnormal eyelash development. The clinical presentation of trichiasis differs according on the extent of the condition. Trichiasis can be diagnosed by assessing the patient's medical history and doing a thorough physical examination. The history encompasses the patient's medical background, record of medication usage, past eye surgical procedures, and the patient's reported symptoms. The physical examination encompasses assessments of visual acuity, biomicroscopic inspection, evaluation of eyelid margins, and the administration of the Schirmer test. The treatment for trichiasis is determined by the extent of eyelash involvement, which includes factors such as the Soft Contact Lense Base Curve. Treatment options may include eyelash removal and surgical procedures, depending on the specific form of trichiasis that the patient is suffering.
Mekanisme Kerja & Penggunaan Klinis N-Acetylcystein (NAC) Pada Penyakit Paru & Saluran Napas Poty, Pitha Maykania; Mustofa, Syazili; Kurniawaty, Evi; Soleha, Tri Umiana
Medula Vol 14 No 5 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i5.1083

Abstract

Lung disease is one of the leading causes of illness and death worldwide. Lung disease can be caused by inflammation of the tissues due to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of lung disease, both acute and chronic. Oxidative stress in the lungs occurs when antioxidant capacity is depleted due to external exposures, such as changes in oxygen pressure due to pollutants, and internal exposures, such as systemic disease and activation of inflammatory cells in response to exposure. Oxidative stress is an imbalance in the production of oxidants and antioxidants in the body's metabolism. In lung disease, oxidative stress increases in endogenous metabolism so exogenous antioxidants in the form of N-acetylcysteine ​​(NAC) are needed. NAC is a glutathione precursor that can replenish total thiols (cysteine, cysteinylglycine, glutathione, and homocysteine). The mechanism of action of NAC is by interacting with ROS so that it can increase antioxidant capacity again. Oxidative stress can deplete antioxidants, NAC will release Thiol groups directly thereby neutralizing oxidants such as N and NO2. Clinically, NAC has been proven to be useful as a treatment for lung diseases such as COVID-19, asthma, bronchiectasis, COPD, and TB at high doses, namely 1200 mg/day.
Pengaruh Pemberian Minyak Jelantah 1,5 mL/Hari Selama 14 Hari Terhadap Histopatologi Hepar Rattus norvegicus Jantan Ersa, Rakhmigasti Citra; Susianti, Susianti; Kurniawaty, Evi; Mustofa, Syazili
Medula Vol 14 No 5 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i5.1088

Abstract

Using cooking oil multiple times can caused bad effect on health one of them is liver damage. Free radical content in reused cooking oil trigger oxidative stress then disturb the cellular respons in liver. This study aimed to determine the effect of giving reused cooking oil for 14 days on rats (Rattus norvegicus) liver histopathology. This study was a true experimental using 10 rats (Rattus norvegicus) and were devided by 2 groups, which are normal group (KN) and treatment group (KP) that was given 1,5 mL reused cooking oil per day. After 14 days of treatment, rats were terminated and the liver were taken. To observe rats liver histopathology, cloudy swelling scoring were used on 5 field of view. Score 0: there was no cloudy swelling and necrosis found, score 1: there was 1-20% cloudy swelling and necrosis found, score 2: there was 21-50% cloudy swelling and necrosis found, score 3: there was 51-75% cloudy swelling and necrosis found, and score 4: there was more than 75% cloudy swelling and necrosis found.It was found a minimal cloudy swelling on KN with average liver damage score was 0,04. In group KP it were found cloudy swelling degeneration on all over the liver with average liver damage score was 4. Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference between groups. Giving reused cooking oil 1,5 ml/day for 14 days caused damage on male rats liver histopathology.
Hubungan Usia, Jenis Kelamin, dan Jarak Jahitan Luka dengan Kejadian Infeksi Luka Operasi pada Pasien Apendisitis Perforasi di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2020-2021 Caesarridha, Dhaifany Karissa; Wintoko, Risal; Mustofa, Syazili; Soleha, Tri Umiana
Medula Vol 14 No 5 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i5.1094

Abstract

Surgical site infection is a type of nosocomial infection with the most common occurrence, which is 38% of all cases of nosocomial infection. The distance of sutures affects the local hemodynamics around the surgical wound and can cause the inhibition of thrombus formation which plays a role in the wound healing process so that it will inhibit wound healing which will lead to increase of bacterial growth and cause infection and tissue damage. This study is an unpaired comparative analytic method with a cross-sectional research design. The sampling technique is total sampling. The research subjects were patients with perforated appendicitis at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek, Lampung in 2020-2021, totaling 37 people. The independent variable in this study were age, gender, and the distance between the sutures, while the dependent variable was the incidence of surgical site infection. The study showed that the distance of sutures had a correlation with the incidence of surgical site infection with a p value of 0.00 (<0.05), where the distance of sutures that <2 cm has a higher frequency of surgical site infections than the distance of sutures that ≥2 cm. Age also has a correlation with the incidence of surgical site infection with a p value of 0.041 (<0.05). Meanwhile, gender did not have a correlation with the incidence of surgical site infection with a p value of 0.728 (> 0.05). We can conclude that the distance of sutures and age have a correlation with the incidence of surgical site infection. Otherwise, gender is not associated with the incidence of surgical site infection.
Case Report: Unilateral Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax caused by Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Heavy Smoker Syazili Mustofa; Antoni Antoni
Sriwijaya Journal of Medicine Vol. 6 No. 3 (2023): Vol 6, No. 3, 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/sjm.v6i3.199

Abstract

Pneumothorax is an accumulation of air between the lungs and the chest wall that can occur either spontaneously or in conjunction with an underlying lung disease (primary spontaneous pneumothorax; secondary spontaneous pneumothorax, respectively). The primary manifestations of this ailment are chest discomfort and dyspnea. Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax is a common and potentially life-threatening consequence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) that frequently occurs in clinical settings and requires prompt and effective treatment. This case report seeks to comprehend the underlying mechanisms of spontaneous pneumothorax resulting from tuberculosis and effectively diagnose and treat this condition. A 37-year-old male presented to the emergency department at Abdoel Moeloek Regional General Hospital in Lampung Province with worsening dyspnea, followed by coughing and right-sided chest pain. By doing a thorough analysis of the patient's medical history, performing a physical examination, and conducting other tests, it was determined that the patient is suffering from a right secondary spontaneous pneumothorax, which is a result of pulmonary tuberculosis. The patient had WSD installation management and thereafter received hospitalization for symptomatic therapy and antibiotic treatment.
Risk Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer at Abdoel Moeloek Regional General Hospital, Lampung Province Syazili Mustofa; Andika Ridwan Nugraha Harahap
Sriwijaya Journal of Medicine Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022): Vol 5, No. 2, 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/sjm.v5i2.200

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is a malignant neoplasm originating or growing in the colon and rectum, which become one of the malignant diseases with the highest prevalence in Indonesia. This research aimed to determine the association between risk factors and the incidence of colorectal cancer in RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung. This research was conducted from May to July 2018 at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung, using the observational analytic method and a case-control design. The sample of this research consisted of 92 respondents, which was determined using the consecutive sampling technique—a measurement method used in the form of interviews and medical records. Data was processed using a statistical test with a 0.05 confidence level. The result of the Chi-square test showed that there was an association between age (p = 0.01), physical activity (p = 0.001), smoking history (p = 0.001), alcohol consumption history (p = 0.021), and diabetes Mellitus history (p = 0.012) with the incidence of colorectal cancer. There was an association between age, physical activity, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, and diabetes Mellitus history with the incidence of colorectal cancer in RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung.
Oral Administration of Moringa Leaf Ethanol Extract (Moringa Oleifera) for 14 Days Protects The Liver of Male White Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) from Acute Damage Caused by High Doses of Paracetamol Syazili Mustofa; Gusti Agung Putu Yogy Veda Ananta
Sriwijaya Journal of Medicine Vol. 5 No. 3 (2022): Vol 5, No. 3, 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/sjm.v5i3.201

Abstract

Paracetamol is a widely utilized medication globally and is the primary cause of poisoning incidents in high-income countries. Paracetamol induces hepatotoxicity that is depending on the dosage when taken in excessive amounts. The Moringa oleifera (MO), belonging to the Moringaceae family, is one of the medicinal plants investigated for its potential in treating hepatotoxicity. The MO tree extracts have been documented to possess inhibitory effects, primarily against hepatitis drug-induced hepatotoxicity, owing to their bioactive components. An experimental laboratory enrolled using 36 samples of male white rats (Rattus norvegicus), which were divided into six groups: standard control group (K), positive control group (K1) given paracetamol 3000mg/kg BW on 15th days; antioxidant control group (K2) given vitamin c 500mg/kg BW for 14 days; treatment group 1 (P1), treatment group 2 (P2) and treatment group 3 (P3) each given moringa oleifera leaves extract 200mg/kg BW, 400mg/kg BW and 800mg/kg BW for 14 days. Each group, except the standard control group, was given paracetamol 3000mg/Kg BW on the 15th day. On the 16th day, the mice were euthanized, and then their livers were made into histological preparations and examined using a microscope at 40 times magnification. The level of liver cellular damage was categorized into scoring based on the level of damage. Score 1 if no damage, score 2 if parenchymatous degeneration was found, score 3 if hydropic degeneration was found, and score 4 if necrosis was found. The average scoring per group was calculated as K: 1.1; K1: 3.17; K2: 1.57; P1: 1.5; P2: 1.73; P3: 1.9. K1 appeared necrotic. Inflammation and hydropic degeneration were found in K2, P1, P2, and P3. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis Test, obtained p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). Moringa leaf ethanol extract affected hepatic induction by paracetamol because significant differences were found between groups P1, P2, and P3 with K1 (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between groups K2 and P1 (p > 0.05), showing that the effect of giving 500mg/kg BW vitamin C was equivalent to providing 200mg/kg BW Moringa leaves. It was concluded that giving ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves protected the acute histopathological damage of the liver of male white rats of the Sprague Dawley strain induced by paracetamol.
Rhizophora apiculata Bark Ethanolic Extracts Prevent Kidney Damage Caused by Cigarette Smoke in Male Rats Syazili Mustofa; Sarasmita Nirmala Dewi
Sriwijaya Journal of Medicine Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): Vol 6, No. 1, 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/sjm.v6i1.204

Abstract

Rhizophora apiculata mangrove bark contains high levels of antioxidants, including triterpenoids, steroids, saponins, and tannins. The high antioxidant content can prevent oxidative stress, one of which is caused by free radicals from cigarette smoke. This research aimed to determine the potential of Rhizophora apiculata mangrove bark to protect against damage to the kidney organs of male white rats (Rattus novergicus) of the Sprague-Dawley strain exposed to cigarette smoke. This study used 25 mice divided into 5 groups for 30 days, namely group K(-), which was not given exposure to cigarette smoke and mangrove bark extract; group K(+), which was only given exposure to cigarette smoke; group P1, which was given the extract mangrove bark with a dose of 26.27 mg/kg BW and given exposure to cigarette smoke 24 cigarettes per day, group P2 which was given mangrove bark extract with a dose of 56.55 mg/kg BW and given exposure to cigarette smoke 24 cigarettes per day, and group P3 which was given mangrove oil bark extract at a dose of 113.1 mg/kg BW and given exposure to cigarette smoke 24 cigarettes per day. On day 31, the rats were euthanized, and their kidneys were prepared for histology. Kidney histology was observed, and kidney damage was assessed from the histology of glomerular and renal tubular damage. The kidney damage score is 0 if there was no damage, 1 if inflammatory cell infiltration was found, 2 if Bowman space edema or swelling of tubular epithelial cells was found, 3 if necrosis was found. Then, take the average of each renal tubular and glomerular damage score and add them together for a total damage score, namely 0-6. The median kidney damage score in the K (-) group was 0.4, the K (+) group was 3.6, the P1 group was 2.4, the P2 group was 2.4, and the P3 group was 2.2. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test obtained a p-value of 0.001, meaning there were significant differences in at least the two treatment groups. This research showed that administering Rhizophora apiculata mangrove bark extract could prevent histological damage to the kidneys of male white rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain caused by cigarette smoke.
A Subacute Toxicity Test of Rhizophora apiculata Stem Bark Ethanol Extract on the Number, Motility, and Morphology of Male Rattus Norvegicus Spermatozoa Syazili Mustofa; Rheza Paleva
Sriwijaya Journal of Medicine Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Vol 6, No. 2, 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/sjm.v6i2.207

Abstract

Indonesia has the largest mangrove ecosystem in the world. Rhizophora apiculata is a mangrove often used as traditional medicine by Indonesians. It has previously been researched that the ethanol extract of Rhizophora apiculata stem bark has benefits as a source of natural antioxidants. However, there has yet to be much research on the toxicity of this extract. Therefore, researchers want to know the subacute toxic dose of Rhizophora apiculata bark extract on fertility parameters. The type of research is experimental research with a completely randomized research design. The sample consisted of 30 male rats, which were divided into 5 groups, namely the control group, which received no treatment, and the P1-P4 treatment group, which was given Rhizophora apiculata bark extract every day with 4 dose levels starting from 114 mg/kg BW to a dose of 912 mg/kg BW for 28 days. On day 30, the rats were euthanized, and the fertility parameters of the rat spermatozoa were examined using a microscope. Kruskal-Wallis analysis and One-Way ANOVA showed p<0.05 for the spermatozoa's number, motility, and morphology. The toxic dose that can reduce the number of spermatozoa is found at 912 mg/kg BW; the toxic dose that reduces spermatozoa motility is 228 mg/kg BW; and the toxic dose that affects spermatozoa morphology is 456 mg/kg BW. This research concludes that the subacute toxic dose of the ethanol extract of Rhizophora apiculata stem bark against the spermatozoa of the male Rattus norvegicus Sprague Dawley strain in the subchronic toxicity test was 228 mg/kg BW.
Co-Authors Achmad Gozali Ade Yonata Adityo Wibowo, Adityo Adli, Farhan Kamali Agus Dwi Susanto Agus Wantoro Agustia Pratiwi agustyas tjiptaningrum Ahmad A Anindito Aisyah A Putri Ananta, Yoga andestya nanda pratama Andika Ridwan Nugraha Harahap Anggi Adelia Anggraeni Janar Wulan Annisa Adietya Pratama Antoni Antoni Asep Sukohar Aviv Fitria Yulia Ayu, Putu Ristyaning Benny Syahputra Gumay Betta Kurniawan Betta Kurniawan, Betta Budhi Antariksa Caesaria Sinta Zuya Caesarridha, Dhaifany Karissa Chicy WIdya Morfi Christi Natalia Sirait David Tongon Silaen Dheti Efrilia - Dimas Trend PB Dorisman, Hari Dwi Indria Anggraini Dwi Sarwindah Dyah Wulan Sumekar Rengganis Wardani Ekawati, Diyan Eksa, Dwi Robbiardy Elman Dani Firdaus Ersa, Rakhmigasti Citra Evi Kurniawaty Evy Kurniawaty Faisal Yunus Fauziah Hanif Fayza Syachrani Febrihartati, Isura Feby Aulia Hasanah Femmy Andrifianie Firantika Dias Puteri Fitria Saftarina Fitriyah Fitriyah Fransisca Sinaga Gerliandi, Egi Oktarian Gigih Setiawan Gilang Kukuh Megantoro Ginting, Bisart Giska Tri Putri Gusti Agung Putu Yogy Veda Ananta Hakim Alhaady Juhana Helmi Ismunandar Hendri Busman Hendri Busman Hetti Rusmini I Made Afryan SL I Made Galih Fradiva Giantara Ifan Aulia Candra Ilma Puteri Hutami Isnamurti Ciptaningrum Isura Febrihartati Jamsari Jamsari Jati, Pandu Kumaya Jhons Fatriyadi Suwandi Kevin Jeremia Purba Khoiri, Ratu Kirana Siva Kholis Abdurachim Audah Kurniawaty, Evi Linda Septiani Listiandoko, Raden Dicky Wirawan Lucky Togihon M. Rakha Gerizha Mallarangeng, Andi Nafisah Tendri Adjeng Mentariasih Maulida Mia Esta Poetri Afdal Faisal Mirza Purwitasari Muhammad Maulana Muhammad Ricky Ramadhian Muhartono NA, Ahmad Mufid Nadhifa, Farin Nadya Febriani Namdes, Fitri Cyntya Naufal Rivo Aditya Ni Sayu Putu Desya Laksmi Putri Nicholas Alfa Nickyta Yolandita Rosti Novita Carolia Novita Carolia Novita Carolia Nuriah Nuriah Nursidiq, Iqbal Muhammad Rafi Pinaka Baladika, Dimas Trend Poty, Pitha Maykania Puan Raissa Lenka Putra, Andika Chandra Putri Adilla Rahmasari, Fania Asfi Ramadhan, Muhammad Alif Ramadhana Komala Rasmi Zakiah Oktarlina Ratna Dewi PS Retno A S Soemarwoto Retno Ariza S Soemarwoto Retno Ariza S. Soemarwoto Retno Ariza Soeprihatini Soemarwoto Rheza Paleva Rika Lisiswanti Risal Wintoko Risti Graharti Rizki Putra Sanjaya Rizki Putra Sanjaya Rr Astri Nur Azizah Utama S Rahmanisa Sani, Nanda Apri Sarasmita Nirmala Dewi Septiani, Linda Shina Megaputri Shinta Nareswari, Shinta Silvia Andriani Sinaga, Fransisca TY Soemarwoto, Retno Ariza Soemarwoto, Retno Ariza Soeprihatini Soeprihatini Soemarwoto, Retno Ariza Soraya Rahmanisa Soraya Rahmanisa Soraya Rahmanisa Sri Janahtul Hayati Sri Janahtul Hayati Suharyani Suharyani Sukarti Sukarti Suryani Agustina Daulay Susianti Susianti Sutarto Sutarto Sutyarso Suwarno, Sukarti San Syaka, Muthiiah Khodista Syiefa Renanda Surya takhfa nur asyifa Tarigan, Clara Yulianti Terza Aflika Happy Tito Tri Saputra Tito Tri Saputra Tito Tri Saputra Tiwuk Susantiningsih Tri Umiana Soleha Tri Umiana Soleha Veny Anisya W Bahagia Wawan Abdullah Setiawan Wayan Ferly Aryana Winda Trijayanthi Utama, Winda Trijayanthi Wisnugroho, Cahyo Yana Ayu, Dwi Yandri Yanwirasti Yuningrum, Hesti Zulia Yasminanindita Fahmi Zulkifli