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All Journal Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Medula Juke Indonesian Journal of Cancer Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Indonesia / Indonesian Health Scientific Journal Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer) Jurnal Mandala Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research JURNAL AGROINDUSTRI HALAL JUSTICIA SAINS: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Prosiding SNPBS (Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek) Sains Medisina JPM (Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat) Ruwa Jurai BEGAWI: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Agromedicine Unila: Jurnal Kesehatan dan Agromedicine
Asep Sukohar
Department Of Pharmacology; Faculty Of Medicine; Universitas Lampung
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Infeksi Cryptosporidium pada Manusia: Patogenesis, Diagnosis dan Terapi Hatimi, Fahmi Ilham; Mutiara, Hanna; Islami, Suryadi; Sukohar, Asep
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1261

Abstract

Cryptosporidium is a zoonotic protozoan parasite capable of infecting humans and animals, primarily transmitted through contaminated water or food. This infection is a leading cause of moderate to severe diarrhea, particularly in children from low-income regions and immunocompromised individuals, contributing to significant global morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of Cryptosporidium involves the invasion of intestinal epithelial cells, resulting in mucosal damage, villous atrophy, and increased intestinal permeability, leading to watery diarrhea. Local inflammatory responses exacerbate symptoms, while immunocompromised individuals often experience chronic infections with serious complications. Diagnosis relies on microscopy, immunofluorescence, and molecular techniques such as PCR, which offer high sensitivity and specificity. Supportive care is the mainstay of treatment, with nitazoxanide being the preferred therapeutic option for selected patients. For immunocompromised individuals, management is more complex and may involve immune restoration therapies, such as antiretroviral treatment for HIV/AIDS patients. However, resistance to conventional treatments remains a significant challenge, necessitating further research into novel therapeutic agents, such as KDU731, which has shown promising efficacy in preliminary studies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic strategies for Cryptosporidium infections. Additionally, it highlights the importance of prevention measures, including improved access to clean water and public health education. Enhanced control efforts are crucial to mitigating the global health impact of this infection, particularly among vulnerable populations such as children and immunocompromised individuals.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Buah Adas (Foeniculum vulgare) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Salmonella typhi Secara In Vitro Akbar, Muhammad Zakky Putra; Wijaya, Sofyan Musyabiq; Carolia, Novita; Sukohar, Asep
Medula Vol 14 No 8 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i8.1271

Abstract

Bacterial infections, especially those caused by Salmonella typhi, are a global health challenge, including in Indonesia, where there is a high prevalence of typhoid fever. Treatment of this infection generally relies on antibiotics, but increasing antibiotic resistance is becoming a big problem. Therefore, there is a need for alternative treatments that are safer and more effective. This study aims to evaluate the ability of ethanol extract of fennel fruit (Foeniculum vulgare) to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method using 70% ethanol, followed by evaporation of the solvent to obtain a stock solution. The extract concentrations tested included 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80%, with distilled water as a negative control and antibiotics as a positive control. Antibacterial testing was carried out using the disk diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar media, and the inhibition zone was measured after 48 hours of incubation. The results showed that fennel fruit extract effectively inhibited the growth of Salmonella typhi at an extract concentration of 20%, with the diameter of the inhibition zone increasing as the concentration increased, reaching 4.75 mm at a concentration of 80%. Statistical tests with Kruskal-Wallis showed significant differences between treatments. This research proves that ethanol extract of fennel fruit has antibacterial potential which can be used as an alternative in treating Salmonella typhi infections, especially considering that it is safer than synthetic antibiotics.
Article Review: Risk of Lung Cancer in Patients with History of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Wahdah, Annisa Shohifatul; Windarti, Indri; Setyaningrum, Endah; Sukohar, Asep
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1344

Abstract

Kanker paru merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian akibat kanker di dunia, dengan angka kejadian yang sangat tinggi. Di Indonesia, kanker paru menduduki peringkat kedua setelah kanker payudara dengan jumlah kasus mencapai 38.904 pada tahun 2022. Penyakit ini lebih sering terjadi pada laki-laki dibandingkan perempuan. Berbagai faktor risiko berkontribusi terhadap kejadian kanker paru, termasuk kebiasaan merokok, paparan polusi udara, paparan radon, faktor genetik, serta riwayat penyakit paru seperti tuberculosis (TB) paru dan penyakit paru obstruktif kronik (PPOK). Tuberculosis paru adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis dan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia, dengan lebih dari satu juta kasus pada tahun 2023. Infeksi TB dapat menyebabkan inflamasi kronik yang mengarah pada fibrosis jaringan paru, yang dapat meningkatkan risiko kanker paru. Inflamasi kronik ini juga memicu peningkatan Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) dan sitokin proinflamasi, yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan DNA serta memicu mutasi genetik yang berkontribusi terhadap karsinogenesis. PPOK, di sisi lain, merupakan penyakit tidak menular yang umumnya dikaitkan dengan paparan asap rokok dalam jangka panjang. PPOK ditandai dengan inflamasi kronik pada saluran napas yang menyebabkan penyempitan dan kerusakan alveoli secara ireversibel. Proses inflamasi ini melibatkan pelepasan berbagai mediator inflamasi seperti TNF-α, IL-6, dan IL-8, yang dapat memicu stress oksidatif dan mempercepat proses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), suatu mekanisme penting dalam perkembangan kanker paru. Hubungan erat antara TB paru, PPOK, dan kanker paru menunjukkan bahwa kedua penyakit paru ini bukan hanya sekadar faktor risiko, tetapi juga berkontribusi secara langsung dalam proses karsinogenesis melalui mekanisme inflamasi, fibrosis, dan mutasi genetik. Oleh karena itu, deteksi dini dan penanganan yang tepat terhadap TB paru dan PPOK dapat menjadi strategi penting dalam pencegahan kanker paru.
Transmisi dan Faktor Risiko Infeksi Helicobacter pylori pada Gastritis: Literature Review: Transmisi dan Faktor Risiko Infeksi Helicobacter pylori pada Gastritis: Literature Review Dharmesti, Rizky Aleyda; Utama, Winda Trijayanthi; Wijaya, Sofyan Musyabiq; Sukohar, Asep
Medula Vol 14 No 10 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i10.1368

Abstract

Gastritis a common health issue with high prevalence both globally and nationally. Acute gastritis often associated with lifestyle factors and stress, while chronic gastritis is primarly caused by infection of Helicobacter pylori. This review aims to provide a detail understanding of Helicobacter pylori transmission and risk factor for its infection. This review is a narrative literature review that comparing multiple studies about the topic. Literature was gathered from various database and analyzed to find relevant findings. Result of this study indicate that Helicobacter pylori transmission occurs trough multiple routes such as fecal-oral and oral-oral. Hygiene status and sociodemographic conditions are the most significant risk factor that influence this infection. Chronic gastritis a prevalent condition often caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. Risk factors for this infection include low socioeconomic status, poor hygiene, inadequate sanitation, and exposure to contaminated environments. H. pylori bacteria can persist for extended periods in specific environments, such as water, food, and dairy products, but struggle to survive in acidic conditions, such as found in yogurt. The prevalence of infection notably higher among children living in areas with poor sanitation and unhygienic food practices. Prevention strategies involve enhancing hygiene standards, improving sanitation, ensuring access to clean water, and promoting health education to minimize the risk of transmission. Early treatment is crucial to restore the gastric mucosa's health and prevent further damage.
Tinjauan Pustaka: Pengaruh Obesitas, Resistensi Insulin dan Sindrom Metabolik dengan Fungsi Tiroid Fala, Arzety Rifda; Windarti, Indri; Jausal, Anisa Nuraisa; Sukohar, Asep
Medula Vol 14 No 11 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i11.1459

Abstract

The thyroid gland, located in the neck, is crucial for regulate metabolism, growth, and development by producing hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones influence various body functions, including heart rate, temperature control, energy production, and fat metabolism. When the thyroid gland doesn't function properly, it can cause conditions like hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. Factors such as obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome can disrupt thyroid function. Obesity, characterized by excessive fat accumulation, is a global issue. This study examines how obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome affect thyroid function. A review of fourteen relevant articles found that Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels are positively correlated with Body Mass Index (BMI), insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. The underlying mechanism is increased levels of leptin and inflammatory cytokines, which affect TSH production and thyroid function through disruption of T3 feedback. The findings indicate that obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome lead to increased TSH as a compensatory response. This study highlights the importance of understanding the relationship between these conditions for better prevention and health management.
Co-Authors A.Yudi Eka Risano Aditya Ramadhon Islami Sakaganta Afriyana, Regi Afriyani Afriyani Aghesna Rahmatika Kesuma Ahmad Fitri, Ahmad Akbar, Muhammad Zakky Putra Ali, Nur Fitriana Muhammad Alifah, Ghina Nur Ambarwati, Endah Aminuyati Andi Nafisah Andi Nafisah, Andi Anisa Nuraisa Jausal Anita Febrina, Anita Arianti, Tanti Arief B Witarto Ariyati, Retno Desy Arli Suryawinata Arli Suryawinata Arsyad Sobby Kesuma Aulia Ramdini, Dwi Aulian Mediansyah Baddarudin, Mohammad Bainah Sari Dewi Betta Kurniawan, Betta Christine Wulandari Damayanti, Ervina Daulay, Suryani Agustina Dharmesti, Rizky Aleyda Dyah Indriana Kusumastuti Elisa, Syavira Endah Ambarwati Endah Setyaningrum, Endah Endro Prasetyo Wahono Fala, Arzety Rifda Farhan Akbar, Muhamad Febriyanti, Triana Fibra Nurainy Fitria Saftarina Fredison, Fredison Gerliandi, Egi Oktarian Hanna Mutiara, Hanna Hardito, Joni Hatimi, Fahmi Ilham Hendra Tarigan Sibero HENING HERAWATTI, HENING Herri S. Sastramihardja Ida Nurhaida Ihsanti Dwi Rahayu Indri Windarti Intan Kusumaningtyas Irza Sukmana, Irza Jausal, Anisa Nuraisa Josi Jeremia Manurung Junando, Mirza Karima, Nisa Kaskoyo, Hari Kurniawaty, Evi Kylalona, Gracylia L.P, Eka Ananda LP, Eka Ananda Maherariyat, Maherariyat Mallarangeng, Andi Nafisah Tendri Adjeng Mediansyah, Aulian Morfi, Chicy Widya Muhammad Fitra Wardhana Sayoeti Muhammad Iqbal Muhammad Iqbal Ramadhan Muhartono Muhartono Muhartono Muhartono Muhartono Mukhlis Imanto Mutiara, Sephia Aruma Nisa, Sayyidatun Noverman Duadji Noviani, Erina Novita Carolia Novita Herdiana Novita Tresiana NUR AFRIYANI Nurmasuri, Nurmasuri Oktafany, Oktafany Oktoba, Zulpakor Pardilawati, Citra Yuliyanda Permana, Km. Allan Wahyu Permana, M. Agung Yudistira Puteri, Vadiyani Fricillya Putri Idrus, Indrayati Putri, Asyifa Adinda Putri, Meilani Putri, Meilani Dwi Putri, Oka Mahila Gustia Ramadhan Triyandi Ramadhina, Farrasyifa Ramdini, Dwi Aulia Rani Himayani Rasmi Zakiah Oktarlina Ratna Dewi Puspita Sari Ratna, Maya Ganda Rika Lisiswanti Rizqa Atina Safitri, Nara Said, Feriany Salam, Deby Mipa Samsu Udayana Nurdin Samsu Udayana Nurdin Samsul Bakri Samsul Rizal Santika, Mesi Sepriyadi Adhan S Setiawan, Gigih Shinta Mayasari Siboro, Erwi Saulina Venezia Slamet Budi Yuwono Sofyan Musabiq Wijaya Sofyan Musyabiq Wijaya Subeki Sugiyanto - Suharmanto Suharyani Suharyani Suharyani Sumekar, Diyah Suri, Nurma Suryadi Islami Suryawinata, Arli Sutarto Sutarto Sutarto Sutarto Syazili Mustofa Thahir, Salsabila Anggraini Trijayanthi, Winda Triyandi, Ramadhan Wahdah, Annisa Shohifatul Wardani, Farah Dwi Wardhana S, Muhammad Fitra Wardhana, M. Fitra Wijaya, Sofyan Wijaya, Sofyan Musabiq Winda Trijayanthi Utama, Winda Trijayanthi WS, Muhammad Fitra Yofita Sulfiana Sundari Zeta, Nathasya Karren