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ANALISIS YURIDIS DAN SOSIOLOGIS PERLUASAN TANGGUNG JAWAB HUKUM RUMAH SAKIT DI INDONESIA: TANTANGAN DAN SOLUSI Gunawan Widjaja; Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): MEI
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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The expansion of hospitals‘ legal responsibilities in Indonesia has become a crucial issue as public demands for the protection of patients’ rights in healthcare services continue to rise. This analysis explores the legal and sociological aspects related to this issue, including challenges arising from regulatory gaps, inadequate legal infrastructure, and the level of human resource competence in addressing these changes. This study also explores strategic solutions such as regulatory updates, healthcare worker training, and enhanced oversight mechanisms as steps to bridge the gap between public expectations and on-the-ground implementation. It is hoped that the findings of this research will contribute to the formulation of more equitable and responsive legal and social policies in line with the evolving healthcare system in Indonesia.
ANALISIS SEJARAH PERUBAHAN UNDANG-UNDANG KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA: DAMPAK DAN IMPLIKASINYA Gunawan Widjaja; Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): MEI
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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Health laws in Indonesia have undergone various changes throughout history to address the challenges of the times, community needs, and socio-political dynamics. This study analyses these changes, their impacts, and implications for the national health system. Regulatory improvements demonstrate the government's efforts to improve access to health services, strengthen service quality, and provide protection against public health threats. However, the implementation of these laws often faces obstacles such as infrastructure limitations, funding, and regional disparities. These changes also have significant social and economic implications, including improved quality of life, economic productivity, and strengthened investment in the health sector. This study highlights the importance of cross-sectoral collaboration and effective policy communication to ensure the sustainability of reforms, create an inclusive health system, and meet the needs of the community optimally.
PENGESAHAN UNDANG-UNDANG KESEHATAN: KAJIAN REGULASI DAN TANTANGAN IMPLEMENTASI Gunawan Widjaja; Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): MEI
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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The enactment of the Health Law is a strategic step in the reform of the national health system with the aim of improving accessibility, quality, and efficiency of health services. This regulation includes new policies that prioritise the protection of patients' rights, the strengthening of health services, and the application of modern technology in health system management. However, studies indicate significant challenges in implementation, particularly related to human resources, funding, and harmonisation between the central and regional governments. Collaboration among stakeholders is key to addressing these issues. With appropriate implementation measures, the Health Law has the potential to bring about positive long-term changes in improving public welfare and achieving better national health outcomes.
PENDEKATAN RESTORATIF DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA MEDIS: TINJAUAN LITERATUR Gunawan Widjaja; Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): MEI
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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The restorative approach to medical dispute resolution presents an alternative to the traditional litigation system by emphasising relationship restoration and dialogic resolution. The main objective of this approach is to promote open communication and collaboration between patients, medical personnel, and other relevant parties in an effort to achieve a resolution that satisfies all parties involved. Through a literature review, this article analyses the basic principles and benefits of the restorative approach, such as increased empathy, trust, and reduced costs and time compared to formal litigation. On the other hand, this article also explores the challenges of implementation and the need for training and policy support to ensure the successful application of this method in the medical dispute resolution system.
PERAN MEDIASI DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PELAYANAN KESEHATAN: KAJIAN RESTORATIF Gunawan Widjaja; Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): MEI
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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The role of mediation in resolving healthcare disputes has become increasingly relevant amid rising conflicts involving patients and healthcare providers. This study highlights the importance of a restorative approach in mediation, which focuses not only on conflict resolution but also on improving relationships, restoring trust, and fulfilling the emotional and material needs of the parties involved. This approach offers a more humane, efficient, and empathetic alternative to conventional litigation, emphasising open dialogue and mutually beneficial outcomes. Through restorative-based mediation, healthcare systems can create responsive and empowering dispute resolution mechanisms, while strengthening the dimensions of social justice and human values in the healthcare sector.
ETIKA PROFESI DAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM: STUDI PADA PRAKTIK MEDIS DI INDONESIA Gunawan Widjaja; Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): MEI
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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Professional ethics and legal protection are two important aspects of medical practice in Indonesia. Professional ethics serve as moral guidelines for medical personnel in carrying out their duties, particularly in maintaining integrity, patient confidentiality, and health service standards. Meanwhile, legal protection helps ensure that medical personnel have legal certainty in their work, especially when facing potential conflicts or claims from patients. This study highlights the importance of synergy between professional ethics and legal protection in creating a fair, professional, and high-quality healthcare ecosystem. By combining ethical and legal approaches, medical practice in Indonesia can provide optimal benefits for patients while protecting the rights of medical personnel. Emphasis on education and socialisation regarding the roles, rights, and obligations of each party is also a solution to reduce tension between patients and medical personnel.
PATIENT'S RIGHT TO FAIR AND NON-DISCRIMINATORY TREATMENT: LEGAL AND ETHICAL PERSPECTIVES Gunawan Widjaja; Dyah Ersita Yustanti; Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat; Handojo Dhanudibroto
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): JUNI
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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The patient's right to fair and non-discriminatory treatment is an important part of the fulfilment of human rights in the health sector. This study examines legal protection and the application of ethics in guaranteeing this right, by reviewing various laws and regulations such as Law Number 36 of 2009 concerning Health and Law Number 44 of 2009 concerning Hospitals, as well as the principles of medical ethics. The results of the study show that patient rights include the right to clear information, quality medical services, privacy, and access to complaints in the event of a violation. However, implementation in the field still faces challenges, especially in the form of discrimination against certain groups such as BPJS patients. Therefore, synergy between legal protection, ethical implementation, supervision, and patient education is needed so that the right to fair treatment and without discrimination is truly realised in health care practices.
THE ROLE OF RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF HEALTH SERVICES: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY LITERATURE REVIEW Gunawan Widjaja; Dyah Ersita Yustanti; Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat; Handojo Dhanudibroto
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): JUNI
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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This study aims to examine the role of rights and obligations of medical personnel and patients in improving the quality of health services through a multidisciplinary literature review. Rights and obligations that are carried out in a balanced manner have been proven to be the main foundation for the creation of harmonious, transparent, and trusting relationships between patients and medical personnel, thus having a positive impact on the quality of health services. However, implementation in the field still faces challenges such as inequality of access, limited infrastructure, and the development of digital technology that has not been fully regulated. Protection of patients' personal data, clarity of legal responsibility in digital services, and continuous education are important issues that need attention. Strengthening regulations, increasing digital literacy, and cross-sector collaboration are needed so that rights and obligations can be carried out optimally, so that fair, quality, and adaptive health services can be realised.
ETHICAL DILEMMAS AND DOCTORS' DISCRETION IN MEDICAL DECISION MAKING IN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT Gunawan Widjaja; Dyah Ersita Yustanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): JUNI
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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Abstract

Medical decision-making in the Emergency Department (ED) is often coloured by ethical dilemmas and the need for doctor discretion due to the pressure of critical situations, time constraints, and the condition of patients who are often unable to give consent to medical action. Biomedical ethical principles such as beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, and justice must be carried out in a balanced manner, while doctors are also required to comply with legal standards and operational procedures. In an emergency, doctors have a moral and legal obligation to provide immediate help to save lives or prevent disability, even without informed consent, as long as the action is professionally accountable and in accordance with medical standards. However, the application of this discretion still has the potential to cause ethicomedicolegal problems, especially if communication and documentation are not carried out optimally. Therefore, strengthening the understanding of ethics, crisis communication training, and the preparation of clear ethical protocols are needed so that doctors can make decisions that are professional, accountable, and orientated towards patient safety in the emergency room.
HUBUNGAN ETIKA PROFESI DENGAN DISKRESI DALAM PELAKSANAAN INFORMED CONSENT DI RUMAH SAKIT Gunawan Widjaja; Dyah Ersita Yustanti
Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): JUNI
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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This study discusses the relationship between professional ethics and discretionary practices in the implementation of informed consent in hospitals using a literature review method. Informed consent is a fundamental right of patients rooted in the principles of autonomy, beneficence, and non-maleficence, and must be fulfilled by health workers in every medical action. However, in practice, healthcare professionals often face situations that require discretion, such as emergency conditions or communication limitations, forcing them to balance compliance with ethical standards and situational demands. Professional and measured discretion, while adhering to legal regulations and professional ethical codes, can provide legal protection for healthcare professionals while safeguarding patients' rights. This study emphasises the importance of a deep understanding of professional ethics, clinical communication training, and transparent documentation to ensure that discretion remains within the ethical and legal boundaries applicable in hospitals.
Co-Authors Aat Ruchiat Nugraha Abadi, Songga Aurora Abd. Basir Abdul Samad Arief Abdul Wahab Syakhrani Abdur Rahman Achmad Fazrin Adi Rumanto Waruwu Adrian Bima Putra Adrian Bima Putra Advitama, Dave Affandi Affandi Agus Supriyanto Agus Supriyanto Agustinus Nugroho Jati Aisyah, Shyavara Alam Anbari Anastasia Prestika Andina Rahmayani Andreani Dewanto Andreas Harry Andreas Harry Anggia Az Zahra Anindita Widyapradnya Annas Tasya N.A Annas Tasya N.A, Annisa Rachmawati, Dsk Putu Ayu L.A, Khaerunnisa Ade P., Muhammad Fachri, Pradita Ajeng S.A Annisa Purwo Hastuti Annisa Rachmawati Ari Rahmat Elsad Arif Rahman Baihaqi Arman Harahap Asep Saepullah Aslan Aslan Aslan Aslan Aswan Athalia Christine L Ayu Miya Maryani B.M.A.S. Anaconda Bangkara Bintan R. Saragih Brian Matthew Budi Suranto Bangun Cecep Suhardiman Cecep Suhardiman Cecep Suhardiman Cesarianti, Fransiska Milenia Chairunnissa Chairunnissa Christiawan, Rio Christina Herawati G Damun, Damun Danang Rahmat Surono Dave Advitama Delia Bazlina Deny Wicaksono, Deny Dhanudibroto, Handojo Dheas Syahreza Muslim Diana ., Diana Diana Laila Ramatillah Dimas Tripraditiya Dipo Pramudito Dipo Pramudito Dsk Putu Ayu L.A Dumilah Ayuningtyas Dyah Ersita Yustanti Dyah Ersita Yustanti Dyah Ersita Yustanti Dyah Ersita Yustanti Dyah Ersita Yustanti Ekasari, Silvia Ekha Sri Sugiarti Elisabeth Purnama Massang Enna Budiman Enna Budiman Ersita Yustanti, Dyah Fachrurazi Farika Nikmah Farrel Abiyu Ramadhana Fitra Sri Rahayu Grace Riana Hadenan Towpek Hadenan Towpek Halim , Adriansyah Handojo Dhanudibroto Handojo Dhanudibroto Handojo Dhanudibroto Handojo Dhanudibroto Hansel Kalama Hardijan Rusli, Hardijan Harry, Andreas Hatta, Ignatius Bambang Sukarno Hendra . Hendrawan Hendrawan Hendriarto, Prasetyono Heri Kustanto Hernita Hernita Hernita Hotma P. Sibuea Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat Hotmaria Hertawaty Sijabat Ita Nurcholifah Iyad Abdallah Al- Shreifeen Iyad Abdallah Al-Shreifeen Jahidin Kuswanto Januar Agung Saputera Jessica Francis Gunawan Jestin Justian Juliana, Juliana Junior B. Gregorius Karunia Ilham Karim Kevin Neil McVey Khaerunnisa Ade P. Khairul Nizam bin Zainal Badri Khalimi Khalimi Khalimi Lalu Syaifudin Lidya Cristy S Loso Judijanto M Reydhi Suwanda M Ruswan Talaohu M. Hafiz Aini M. Zahari Mahmudin, Tono Mailinda, Nur Martedjo, Wagiman Martin Maurer M.Marpaung Megasari Sijabat, Fittry Mellisa Efiyanti Mellisa Efiyanti Melyana Melyana Mervyn Mervyn Michael Matthew Michelle Angelika S Mika Anabelle Miya Maryani, Ayu Moch. Isra Hajiri Mochammad Roufal Moh. Imam Ishomuddin Zuhri Mohammad Ahmad Bani Amer Monica Monica Mowafg Masuwd Muhammad Anas Ma`arif Muhammad Fachri Muhammad Ikhwan Muhammad Ikhwan Muhammad Nagieb Muhammad Naufal Arifiyanto Muhammad Rayyan Firdaus Muthia Rachman Nadila Citra Aprilia Naiborhu, Mesa Indra Ni Nyoman Ari Triantari Nini Putri Wijaya, Nini Putri Nofianty Helyo Novan Dzaky Pangestu Novi Puji Lestari Novi Rizky Ramadhani Novi Rizky Ramadhani Nugroho, Sudrajat Mukti Nur Ulfa Maulida Nurwita, Nurwita Oggy Satya Tambunan Olivia Pauline Hartanti Poetranto, Soeryo Pradita Ajeng S.A Puji Hastuti Rafa Zahirah Husein Rahadian Bayu Anggoro Rahardja, Tony Rahmat Nasution Raissa Arlyn Manikam Rajes Khana Ramdan Yusuf Renaldi Immanuel Panggabean Retnaningtyas Insyira Retnaningtyas Insyira, Anggia Az Zahra, Nadila Citra Aprilia, Chairunnissa, Muhammad Rayyan Firdaus, Novan Dzaky Pangestu Reza Sutrianingtyas Rahayu Rianti Nurul Oktavia Rif'ah Rif'ah Rifa’at Hanifa Muslimah Rifa’at Hanifa Muslimah Rio Johan Putra Ririn Nurhidayanti Rizka Anindya Manjayani Rizky Yosa Adhi Prabowo Robby Sulivan, Robby Robert Iskandar Rumanto Waruwu, Adi Salmon Sihite Salsa Rizkya Samsuto, Samsuto Sanchita Bhattacharya Sanjaya, Aditya Santika Santika Sarah Ramadona Sardjana Orba Manullang Savira Lovianda Gunawan Sendi Sanjaya Sendi Sanjaya SH Septy Kusuma Septy Kusuma, Arif Rahman Baihaqi, M Ruswan Talaohu, Santika, Sarah Ramadona, Salsa Rizkya Setiawan, Lisno Shella Felicia Shohib MUSLIM Sihite, Salmon Silalahi, Yohanes B O Siti Hafifa Marlinda Putri Siti Nur Azizah Siti Rokayah Songga Aurora Abadi Songga Aurora Abadi Sri Sugiarti, Ekha Sudrajat, Maman Sukh Pawen Jit Kaur Sunnah, Sunnah Syavitri Ramadhani Sylvana, Yana Tahir, Usman Tamrin Tamrin Tanti Herawati Taufik Rahman Taupik Alpiyandi Theresia Vena Tiwi Siftiyani Rosidah Towpek, Hadenan Ummah, Iriaty Khairul Usman Tahir Viony Kresna Sumantri Vivin Caronia Wagiman WAGIMAN Wagiman Wagiman . WAHYUDI Wibowo Laksono Widodo Wibowo, Basuki Rekso Widjaja, Liza Wijaya, Hanna Wirawan, Vani Yana Sylvana Yohanes Firmansyah Yohanes Firmansyah Yohanes Firmansyah Yohanes Firmansyah Yohanes Firmansyah Yuli Supriani Yuri Anggi Yustinus Lambang Setyo Putro Yustinus Rurie Wirawan Yusuf, Ramdan Zainal Arifin