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All Journal MANAJEMEN HUTAN TROPIKA Journal of Tropical Forest Management Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan (Journal of Soil Science and Environment) Jurnal Studi Pemerintahan Jurnal Pembangunan Wilayah dan Kota Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Sosiohumaniora KOMUNITAS: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE Jurnal Geografi : Media Informasi Pengembangan dan Profesi Kegeografian JAM : Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Jurnal Tataloka Jurnal Ekonomi & Kebijakan Publik Journal of Management and Business Review Jurnal Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [JSKPM] MAJALAH ILMIAH GLOBE Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Agribisnis: Journal of Agribusiness Science Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan Forest and Society BHUMI: Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pekerjaan Umum JURNAL ILMIAH MIMBAR DEMOKRASI Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian Jurnal Risalah Kebijakan Pertanian dan Lingkungan Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia Jurnal AGRISEP: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis Policy Brief Pertanian, Kelautan, dan Biosains Tropika Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi Jurnal Studi Pemerintahan Komunitas: International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture

Arya Hadi Dharmawan

Department Of Communication And Community Development Science, Faculty Of Human Ecology,IPB University, Jl. Kamper Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Author-ID : 234311

Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Analysis of Political Economiy Power to Access Land Forest (The Case of Three Communities in Production Forest Tebo District Jambi) Nurul Hidayati, Hilda; Hadi Dharmawan, Arya; K. Pandjaitan, Nurmala
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2017): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTThe overlapping of forest management in Indonesia is one of explaining factor in people to occupy forest land. In Jambi, it was identified three communities which grab forest land in production forest area in which many of this area is concessioned to PT. ABT due to ecosystem restoration since 2015. Three communities living in those area are Talang Mamak, Malay Suo-Suo, and migrant from outside region. From this situation, there is a problem relating to the uncertainty of occupation area by three communities in which it is identified inside forest consession area or outside forest consession area of PT. ABT. The other critical issues is that until recently these three community are still able to encroach illegal land and grab the land. It is then questioned what power that three community have, to support their action in encroaching the land. Therefore, focus of this research is to analyze power of three communities to occupy forest land. Power analysis was performed by identifying bundle of power through the mechanism of access by three communities. This research used a qualitative and quantitative research. Data collection technique used in-depth interview, observation, structural interview, and literature study. The results showed that there are three powers that be the strength of the community that is political power, ideological power, and connections power.Keywords: Power, access, production forestABSTRAKPengelolaan hutan yang tumpang tindih di Indonesia menjadi faktor penyebab bagi masyarakat untuk mengokupasi lahan hutan. Di Jambi, teridentifikasi tiga komunitas mengokupasi lahan hutan di kawasan hutan produksi yang sebagian wilayahnya dikonsesikan kepada PT. Alam Bukit Tigapuluh sejak tahun (ABT) 2015 untuk restorasi ekosistem. Tiga komunitas tersebut antara lain Suku Talang Mamak, Orang Melayu Suo-suo, dan pendatang. Dari situasi ini, ada sebuah persoalan berkaitan dengan ketidakjelasan area okupasi apakah area yang diokupasi oleh tiga komunitas tersebut teridentifikasi ke dalam area hutan konsesi PT. Alam Bukit Tigapuluh atau di luar area hutan konsesi. Isu penting lainnya adalah bahwa sampai saat ini tiga komunitas ini masih mampu melanggar batas tanah ilegal dan mengambil tanah tersebut. Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan kekuasaan apayang dimiliki oleh tiga komunitas, untuk mendukung aksi mereka di dalam kawasan okupasi. Oleh karena itu, fokus penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kekuatan tiga komunitas untuk mengokupasi lahan hutan. Analisis kekuasaan dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi bundle of powermelalui mekanisme akses oleh tiga komunitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi, wawancara struktural, dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada tiga kekuasaan yang menjadi kekuatan komunitas yaitu kekuasaan politik, kekuasaan ideologi, dan kekuasaan relasi.Kata kunci: Kekuasaan, akses, hutan produksi

The Contribution of Community Based Forest Management to Livelihood and Rural Economy: The Case of Hutan Nagari Sungai Buluh in Padang Pariaman Agustini, Syofia; Hadi Dharmawan, Arya; Kumala Putri, Eka Intan
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2017): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTBased on Minister of Environment and Forests No. P.83 About Social Forestry, which is “to reduce poverty, unemployment and inequality management / utilization of forest areas, it is necessary Social Forestry activities through efforts to provide legal access to the local communities that aim for social welfare and forest resources”. Forests not only provide the advantage of conservation for the environment, but also forests can provide economic benefits to local communities. Not only wood, fruits, honey or the other forest products that can be utilized. However, forests can also be utilized in terms of its environmental services, namely as a carbon sink, hydrological function, as well as in terms of natural beauty (ecotourism). The research was conducted at the Forest Nagari Sungai Buluh, Padang Pariaman District, West Sumatra Province with aim to know economic and social impact of community based forest management. The method used is a combination of quantitative and qualitative approach using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Based on research that has been done, it appears that the utilization of forest environmental services into eco-tourism provides economic contribution to communities living around the forest and to improve of rural economy. Society no longer perform encroachment, however people can still benefit from these forests are of ecotourism.Keywords: Rural regional development, ecotourism, livelihood systemABSTRAKBerdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan RI No. P.83 Tentang Perhutanan Sosial yaitu “untuk mengurangi kemiskinan, pengangguran dan ketimpangan pengelolaan/ pemanfaatan kawasan hutan, maka diperlukan kegiatan Perhutanan Sosial melalui upaya pemberian akses legal kepada masyarakat setempat yang tujuannya untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat dan sumberdaya hutan”. Hutan tidak hanya memberikan manfaatkan konservasi bagi lingkungan, namun hutan juga bisa memberikan manfaat ekonomi bagi masyarakat lokal. Tidak hanya kayu, buah-buahan, madu ataupun hasil hutan lainnya yang dapat dimanfaatkan. Namun, hutan juga dapat dimanfaatkan dari sisi jasa lingkungannya, yakni sebagai penyimpan karbon, fungsi hidrologi, serta dalam hal keindahan alamnya (ekowisata). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Hutan Nagari Sungai Buluh, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, Provinsi Sumatera Barat dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui dampak ekonomi dan sosial bagi masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan adalah kombinasi dari pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan menggunakan kuisioner dan wawancara mendalam. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, terlihat bahwa pemanfaatan jasa lingkungan hutan menjadi ekowisata memberikan kontribusi ekonomi bagi masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar hutan yaitu sebesar 30.70% untuk rumahtangga masyarakat lapisan atas, rumahtangga masyarakat lapisan menengah memperoleh manfaat sebesar 50.20% dan untuk rumahtangga masyarakat lapisan bawah hanya memperoleh manfaat sebesar 19.10%. Masyarakat tidak lagi melakukan perambahan hutan, walaupun demikian masyarakat tetap bisa memperoleh manfaat dari hutan tersebut yaitu dari pengembangan ekowisata.Kata kunci: Pembangunan wilayah pedesaan, ekowisata, livelihood System

Bioenergy and Social Economic Transformation in Rural Area (Case Studies: Talau Village and Tanjung Beringin Village, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province) Astriani Sudaryanti, Diyane; Fauzi, Akhmad; Dharmawan, Arya Hadi; Kumala Putri, Eka Intan
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 5 No. 3 (2017): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTElectrical energy becomes a priority for Indonesia because there are still many areas that have not been electrified especially in rural areas. Bioenergy as one of the energy fulfillment solutions for new renewable energy source becomes one of the focus for the development of new renewable energy in Indonesia. Oil palm, as an indigenous resource in some parts of Indonesia, can be used as a bioenergy source. Utilization of bioenergy especially for the electricity needs (biopower) can be sourced from the waste palm oil Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). The purpose of this research is to analyze how the opportunity of POME converted to biopower can meet the electricity needs of the rural community and want to know how biopower from POME could be able to grow the economy in rural society. The research used the descriptive qualitative-quantitative method and in-depth interview. The results show that bioenergy can present an incentive to foster the dynamic movement of the rural development. By using indigenous resources in each region as a bioenergy feedstock, the government’s spirit to build Indonesia’s electric sovereignty finds a bright spot. In addition, to provide economic benefits through savings and additional people’s income, this activity is socially able to reduce conflicts due to pollution, to foster the moving forward spirit especially for the next generation, and to suppress negative externalities that were previously as the environmental responsibility.Keywords: Bioenergy, Economic, Electricity, Oil Palm, Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)ABSTRAKEnergi listrik menjadi prioritas bagi Indonesia karena masih terdapat begitu banyak wilayah yang belum tersentuh jaringan listrik khususnya di wilayah pedesaan. Bioenergi sebagai salah satu solusi pemenuhan kebutuhan energi listrik terbarukan menjadi salah satu fokus dalam kegiatan pembangunan sumberdaya energi terbarukan di Indonesia. Kelapa sawit, adalah salah satu sumberdaya alam yang terdapat di Indonesia, dapat digunakan sebagai sumber bioenergi. Penggunaan bioenergi terutama pada sektor kelistrikan (biopower) dapat diperoleh dengan menggunakan limbah hasil pemrosesan kelapa sawit yang sering dikenal dengan istilah Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaima peluang konversi POME menjadi biopower agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan listrik masyarakat pedesaan dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana bioenergi yang berasal dari POME dapat membantu pertumbuhan perekonomian di pedesaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif - kuantitatif serta wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bioenergi dapat berkontribusi dalam upaya percepatan pembangunan wilayah pedesaan. Dengan menggunakan berbagai sumberdaya alam dari masing-masing daerah sebagai sumber bioenergi, semangat pemerintah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kelistrikan di wilayah Indonesia menemui titik terang.Kata Kunci: Bioenergi, ekonomi, pasokan listrik, kelapa sawit, Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)

Livelihood Dilemma of The Rural Household Around The Oil Palm Plantation in East Kalimantan Eka Yulian, Bayu; Dharmawan, Arya Hadi; Soetarto, Endriatmo; Pacheco, Pablo
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 5 No. 3 (2017): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTThe expansion of oil palm plantation is a necessity in Indonesia. The global market demand pressure and the need to accelerate national economic growth have supported the occurrence of massively expansion of oil palm plantation in Indonesia. Although it contributes many benefits from the economic side, but in another side, the oil palm plantation also gives social and environmental impacts. Such impacts are, among others, such as the changes of agrarian structure, land dispute, livelihood system of rural household, lack of biodiversity, crop monoculturalization, and deforestation. This research is aimed to describe socio-economic impacts caused by the expansion of oil palm plantation toward the livelihood system of rural household. By using livelihood survey and deep interview, this research obtains a fact that the oil palm plantation has, as if, provided prosperity for the rural household, but what really happens is high process of livelihood vulnerability and dependency toward income gained from the salary in oil palm plantation.Keywords: Oil palm, livelihood, dependency, and vulnerabilityABSTRAKEkspansi perkebunan kelapa sawit merupakan suatu keniscayaan bagi Indonesia. Tekanan permintaan pasar global dan kebutuhan untuk memacu pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional mendorong terjadinya ekspansi perkebunan kelapa sawit secara masif di Indonesia. Meskipun memberikan manfaat dari sisi ekonomi, di sisi lain perkebunan kelapa sawit juga memberi dampak sosial dan lingkungan. Dampak tersebut diantaranya seperti perubahan struktur agraria, sengketa lahan, sistem nafkah rumah tangga pedesaan, berkurangnya biodiversitas, monokulturisasi tanaman, hingga deforestasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran dampak sosial-ekonomi dari ekspansi perkebunan kelapa sawit bagi sistem nafkah rumah tangga pedesaan.Dengan menggunakan survey nafkah dan wawancara mendalam, penelitian ini mendapatkan fakta bahwa perkebunan kelapa sawit seolah memberikan kesejahteraan bagi rumah tangga pedesaan, namun yang terjadi adalah proses kerentanan dan ketergantungan nafkah yang tinggi terhadap pendapatan dari upah perkebunan kelapa sawit.Kata kunci: Kelapa sawit, nafkah, ketergantungan, dan kerentanan

Political Economy of Renewable Energy and Regional Development: Understanding Social and Economic Problems of Biodiesel Development in Indonesia Nuva, Nuva; Fauzi, Akhmad; Dharmawan, Arya Hadi; Kumala Putri, Eka Intan
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2019): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

The transition of fossil fuel to non-fossil fuels (biodiesel fuel for diesel blending) has continued to evolve. The largest source of biodiesel’ raw materials in Indonesia derives from oil palm. Biodiesel development is also believed to generate benefit for society as well as for regional and national, including job creation, infrastructure improvement, revenue generation for governments and reduce national dependence on fossil fuels, and minimize adverse environmental fossil fuel impacts. However, despite its targets and strengthened by various comprehensive policies, the development of biodiesel in Indonesia also faces significant barriers. Descriptive analysis used in this study to understand the political economy of biodiesel engagement. The limited domestic market, mainly related to the issue of non-competitive prices with diesel, relatively low of oil prices, and high prices of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) are the constraints in the production of biodiesel for domestic uptake. The national political aspect related to the use of biodiesel by government parties, including non-PSOs, becomes an important issue in ensuring the sustainability of biodiesel. In addition, the issue of sustainability in the upstream (oil palm plantation) and dumping issues expressed by the EU and the US Government are also the main problems in Indonesian biodiesel export.

Transformation of Livelihood Institutions and the Organization of Punan Dayak Communities in Berau District, East Kalimantan Mardiyaningsih, Dyah Ita; Hadi Dharmawan, Arya; M Kolopaking, Lala; Firdaus, Muhammad; Reinhardt Nielsen, Martin
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

The social-ecological system of forests are changing with increasing modernity and has prompted the forest-dependent Dayak Punan community to adapt to the new conditions. In addition to changing livelihood structures, the institutional setting and social norms of subsistence strategies are also undergoing adaptation process. Therefore, the main question of this research is what institutional transformation are occuring of livelihoods in the Punan Dayak community as an adaptation to the modernity that entering the region where they live? A qualitative approach supported by quantitative data is used to obtain data and information in four Punan Dayak communities in Berau District, East Kalimantan. The level of dependence of Punan Dayak households on forests is declining, marked by increasing dominance of non-forest livelihood sources (i.e. wages and business). Institutions guiding the interaction between communities and the forest as a source of livelihoods, has also changed. In the four communities studied, the process of institutional transformation has produced four types of institutional organisations of subsistence vs. income dependent livelihoods, namely: subsistence-collective (livelihood activities to meet household food carried out in groups), subsistence-collective to commercial-contractual transition, commercial-collective (a livelihood activity aimed at earning money coordinated by the institution at the community level), and commercial-contractual (livelihood activities aimed at earning money/profits through formal working relationships individually or in groups).

The Impact of Climate Variability on The Livelihood Structure of Farmers Households and Patterns of Adaptation Purboningtyas, Titis Pury; Dharmawan, Arya Hadi; Putri, Eka Intan Kumala
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2018): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

This research was aimed to 1) identify the livelihoods structure of farmers household; 2) identify the adaptive mechanism of farmers household (patterns of adaptation). The data were collected by survey method in two villages, Kalianyar and Krangkeng, Indramayu District. There was 90 respondents of farmers household taken by purposive, 40 respondents in Kalianyar and 50 respondents in Krangkeng. Both villages were selected because they are ecologically vulnerable, characterized by drought due to climate variability. This research used livelihoods structure calculation and descriptive analysis method. The results of study showed that farmers households in Kalianyar have a better income and saving capacity than Krangkeng farmers households. To respond the effects of climate variability, farmers households in both villages by using ecological, economic and social adaptation patterns. Adaptation patterns are carried out as a form of farmers household strategies to overcome the adverse effects of climate variability. The livelihood assets used by farmers household in both village greatly influences the ability of farmer household to implement adaptation strategies.

Social Economic and Ecological Adaptive Strategy of Livelihood of Smallholders in the Oil Palm Expansion Areas (Case Studies in Two Villages of Central Kalimantan) Kumala Putri, Eka Intan; Dharmawan, Arya Hadi; Amalia, Rizka; K. Pandjaitan, Nurmala
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTThe impact of oil palm plantation expansion is felt by the farmers’ households in Central Kalimantan, such as income change, new sources of livelihood related to oil palm, and social economy-ecology ecosystem change. For that, there needs to be an ecological socio-economic strategy. The purpose of this research is to know how socio economic-ecological strategy of farmer’s household in facing the impact of oil palm plantation expansion. Focuses on aspects of socio economic-ecological adaptation mechanisms in relation to local income and their implications for poverty alleviation. The method used is in depth interview, survey, observation and Focus Group Discussion. The analysis used in this research is descriptive qualitative-quantitative. The results showed that there are two factors causing conversion of land into palm land that is economic and policy factors. Conversion of land into oil palm in Beringin Agung Village and Pendahara Village was then addressed differently by farmer households through various adaptation strategies. Adaptation strategies carried out by farmers’ households in two research sites include social economic and ecological strategy. All layers of households in Beringin Agung Village tend to have little choice of adaptation strategy because of the large number of land conversion into oil palm plantations. Meanwhile, all layers of farm households in Pendahara Village have relatively varied adaptation strategies because there are still many natural resources around there.Keywords: adaptation, farmers, households, land conversion, livelihood strategies, oil palmABSTRAKDampak ekspansi perkebunan Sawit dirasakan oleh rumahtangga petani di Kalimantan Tengah, berupa perubahan pendapatan, munculnya sumber mata pencaharian baru yang berhubungan dengan Sawit, berubahnya sosial ekonomi dan ekologi ekosistem. Untuk itu, perlu ada strategi sosial ekonomi ekologi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi adaptasi sosial ekonomi ekologi rumahtangga petani dalam menghadapi dampak ekspansi perkebunan Sawit, dan berfokus pada aspek mekanisme adaptasi sosial-ekonomi-ekologi dalam kaitannya dengan ekonomi lokal dan implikasinya terhadap penanggulangan kemiskinan. Metode penelitian menggunakan in depth interview, survey, observasi dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif-kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat dua faktor penyebab konversi lahan menjadi Sawit yaitu faktor ekonomi dan faktor kebijakan. Konversi lahan hutan menjadi Sawit disikapi secara berbeda oleh rumahtangga petani melalui berbagai strategi adaptasi bertahan hidupnya. Strategi adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh rumahtangga petani meliputi strategi ekonomi, sosial dan strategi ekologi. Semua lapisan rumahtangga di Desa Beringin Agung cenderung tidak banyak mempunyai pilihan strategi adaptasi karena telah banyaknya konversi lahan menjadi perkebunan Sawit, sehingga cenderung homogen. Sementara itu, semua lapisan rumahtangga petani di Desa Pendahara relatif heterogen strategi adaptasinya karena masih ketersediaan sumberdaya alam yang melimpah disana.Kata kunci: adaptasi, Kelapa Sawit, konversi lahan, petani, rumahtangga, strategi nafkah

‘From Rubber to Oil Palm’: Livelihood Structural Transformation of Local and Transmigrant Farmer Households in Minangkabau Wati, Elva; Dharmawan, Arya Hadi; Damanhuri, Didin S; Sumarti, Titik
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2019): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

This study aims to analyze the transformation of livelihood structures in local and transmigrant farmer households that occur due to the entry of oil palm. Oil palm has become a new agricultural commodity that it is believed to provide better income for farmers. This research was conducted with a quantitative and qualitative approach. Quantitative data collection was carried out through a survey of 63 farm households. Meanwhile, qualitative data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews. The results of the study indicate that the transformation of rubber commodities to oil palm in general supports the economy of farmer households, which are income increases, livelihood diversity, and welfare increases. In addition, the transformation also has an impact on consumptive and materialistic lifestyle changes in farm households and the formation of farmer household typologies based on post-transformation livelihoods.

Rural Livelihood Vulnerability and Resilience: a Typology Drawn from Case Studies of Small-Scale Farmers and Fishermen in Indonesia Dharmawan, Arya Hadi; Nissa, Zulfa Nur Auliatun
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Various studies on rural household livelihood systems have been carried out in Indonesia to explain the level of household livelihood vulnerability in both farming and fishing communities. The livelihood of small-scale farmers and fishermen is usually vulnerable due to climate and non-climate pressure. This desk study compares the results of studies on livelihood vulnerability from various theses, dissertations and scientific journal articles with a similar topic of study. A case study analysis is used to figure out a comparative picture of small-scale farmers and fishermen households in responding to the pressure as well as making adaptive actions to survive. The weakness of this study is that the conclusion cannot provide evidences as a basis for deriving generalization. Rather it only provides an initial description of the socioeconomic responses as shown by small-scale farmers and fishermen in reacting to ecological pressures. This study comes up with a typology of pressure faced by small-scale farmers and fishermen households. There are four types of stressor that are identified, i.e., climate variability, capital farm expansion, rural-infrastructure development, and economic actorcompetitions. In responding to livelihood vulnerability, most of small-scale farmers and fishermen build their resiliency by using resources under the controlled household system while others use external sources.

Co-Authors . Nuva ., Kasmiati ., Widhianthini A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abdul Malik Abdulkadir Sunito, Melani Ade Mirza Roslinawati Adriana, Galuh Affandi, M.Joko Afqari, Muhammad Rifky Agustina M Purnomo Agustini, Syofia Akhmad Fauzi Akhmad Fauzi Alfiasari Ali Yansyah Abdurrahim Amanda, Jessica Vanelia Anton Supriyadi Arif Satria Aryani, Dhea Putri Asep Sapei Astri Astri Lestari Astriani Sudaryanti, Diyane Aulia Farida Aziz Hasyim Baba Barus Bambang Juan Bambang Pramudya - Bayu Eka Yulian Beta Dwi Utami Borni Kurniawan, Kharis Fadlan Budi Prasetyo, Lilik Budiarto, Tri Budiyanti, Indah D.S. Priyarsono Danang Pramudita Danang Pramudita, Danang Dedy Irawan Desty Ristianingsih Diah Irma Ayuningtyas, Diah Didik Suharjito Didin S. Damanhuri Dinintya Chairunnisa Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat Dominicus Savio Priyarsono Drajat Martianto Dudung Darusman Dudung Darusman Dwi Idawati Dyah Ita Mardianingsih Dyah Ita Mardiyaningsih Dyah Ita Mardiyaningsih, Dyah Ita Eka Intan Kumala Putri Ekawati Sri Wahyuni Elisabet Repelita Kuswijayanti Elisabet Repelita Kuswijayanti Endriatmo Soetarto Erliza Noor Ernan Rustiadi Euis Sunarti Faris Rahmadian Fatimah Azzahra Fatimah Azzahra Fredian Tonny Nasdian Hadi Alikodra - Hana Indriana Hapsari, Tsabita Alefia Harahap, Tinur Fitri Ayu Hartoyo Hartoyo Henry Silka Innah Henry Silka Innah Hermawan, FX Hermin Fatimah Hermin Fatimah, Hermin Heru Purwandari Hidayah, Nursantri Hilda Nurul Hidayati Husain Assadi I Made Sudiana Ina Marina Indah Budiyanti Indri Febriani Iqbal Abdul Muqsith Iqbal Rahmat Gani Isang Gonarsyah Ivanovich Agusta Iwan Nurhadi Jamilah, Joharotul K. Panjaitan,, Nurmala Kartodihardjo, Hariadi Kharis Fadlan Borni Kurniawan La Ode Alwi Lala M Kolopaking Lalu Ardhian Mustapa Liantiame, Liantiame LILIK BUDIPRASETYO Lina Marlina M. Joko Affandi M. Parulian Hutagaol Maksum, Mohammad Martua Sihaloho Mochammad Maksum MT Felix Sitorus Muh Kamim, Anggalih Bayu Muhammad Firdaus Muhammad Reza Halomoan Muhammad Rifky Afqari Nastiti Siswi Indrasti Novia Fridayanti Nudya Wiyata Nur Isiyana Wianti Nuraini W Nurjihadi, Muhammad Nurmala Katrina Pandjaitan P. Setia Lenggono Pacheco, Pablo Paulina P. Tulak Pitaloka Maharani Kusuma Ningtyas Pitri Yandri Purboningtyas, Titis Pury Putri Ekasari Putri, Rachmi Wildan Aghnia Meutia Rai Sita Raihani Alfiatush Arrasyiida Ramdhan Aziz Al Batistuta Reinhardt Nielsen, Martin Rilus Kinseng Rimarty Anggun Widiatri Rin r Rina Mardiana Risky Novan Ngutra Riyanto Riyanto Rizka Amalia Robert M.Z Lawang Rousilita Suhendah S Damanhuri, Didin S. Damanhuri, Didin Saharuddin Said Rusli Sakut Lorista Sardjo, Sulastri Satyawan Sunito Satyawan Sunito Siti Halimatusadiah Sitti Halumiah Sjafri Mangkuprawira Soehartini S Soeryo Adiwibowo Sri Setiawati - Suryadi Suryadi Suryadi Suryadi Syofia Agustini Tampubolon, Arisandy Fernando Taufik Hidayat Thita Moralitha Mayza Tia Oktaviani Sumarna Aulia Tinur Fitri Ayu Harahap Tirta Anugerah Titik Sumarti Titik Sumarti Tommi Tommi Tommi Tommi, Tommi Tommi, Tommi Tyas Widyastini Undang Fadjar W Widiyanto Wahyuni, Ekawati Wati, Elva Winda Gustika Yeti Lis Purnamadewi Yetti Lis Purnamadewi Yosia Ginting Yoyoh Indaryanti Yudhistira Saraswati Yuliana, Dhina Yusticia Andi Astuti Zairin, Dhea Dasa Cendekia Zulfa Nur Auliatun Nissa Zuzy Anna

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