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All Journal MANAJEMEN HUTAN TROPIKA Journal of Tropical Forest Management Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan (Journal of Soil Science and Environment) Jurnal Studi Pemerintahan Jurnal Pembangunan Wilayah dan Kota Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Sosiohumaniora KOMUNITAS: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE Jurnal Geografi : Media Informasi Pengembangan dan Profesi Kegeografian JAM : Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Jurnal Tataloka Jurnal Ekonomi & Kebijakan Publik Journal of Management and Business Review Jurnal Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [JSKPM] MAJALAH ILMIAH GLOBE Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Agribisnis: Journal of Agribusiness Science Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan Forest and Society BHUMI: Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pekerjaan Umum JURNAL ILMIAH MIMBAR DEMOKRASI Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian Jurnal Risalah Kebijakan Pertanian dan Lingkungan Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia Jurnal AGRISEP: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis Policy Brief Pertanian, Kelautan, dan Biosains Tropika Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi Jurnal Studi Pemerintahan Komunitas: International Journal of Indonesian Society and Culture

Arya Hadi Dharmawan

Department Of Communication And Community Development Science, Faculty Of Human Ecology,IPB University, Jl. Kamper Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Author-ID : 234311

Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Socio Economic Suitability of Land Preservation Program in Kuningan Regency Pramudita, Danang; Dharmawan, Arya Hadi; Barus, Baba
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 3 No. 2 (2015): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Economic development in Indonesia since 1980s is dealing with conversion of agricultural land to industry, housing, and other sector in city and its periphery. Land conversion have a great impact to food production rather than the impact from technical problem (drought and pest problem). Government need to preserve agricultural land in order to maintain food production. Thus government made a mandatory approach byissued Law No. 41 year 2009. The aim of this research are to identify an actual socioeconomic characteristics in the area of land preservation program (LP2B) in Kuningan Regency, to identify farmers perception on LP2B and to analyze socioeconomic suitability in the areaof LP2B program. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and likert scale. Based on the result, there are nine socioeconomic indicator on land preservation program (LP2B) in Kuningan Regency, namely; land conversion rate, food balance, disparity between farm and non-farm income, agriculture households, agriculture labor, farmers’ groups, spatial planning policies and farmers perceptions. Farmers have a positive perception on LP2B program. Land preservation program (LP2B) priority should be donein Cilimus sub district due to low support of socio economic characteristic. Meanwhile Ciawigebang and Cibingbin sub district become a next priority of preservation.Keyword : farmer’s perception, food security, land conversion, socioeconomic of LP2B

The Vicious Circle of Poverty in Rural Society, Case Study of Tobacco Farmers in the Rural Area of Lombok Island Nurjihadi, Muhammad; Dharmawan, Arya Hadi
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTPoverty is the cause of hunger, marginalization, neglectand the other social problems. Rural area, which most of its people work in agriculture, generally have more poor people than urban area. Lombok Island in NTB Province as one of the main producers of tobacco in Indonesia is one of the region with higher poor people percentage comparing to national percentage of poor people. This research aimed to know the pattern of vicious circle of poverty in tobacco farmers in Lombok Island. This research used qualitative method with descriptive approach. The number of respondents in this research are a hundred persons which were choosed by random sampling. While the research areas were choosed by purposive method. The research result revealed that the tobacco farmers in rural Lombok experienced the new pattern of vicious circle of poverty. Since the farmers had low level of capital, it encourage the farmers to make a collaboration with Tobacco Company which was create the dependence of farmers to tobacco commodity and Tobacco Company. Dependence on Tobacco Company make bargaining positions of farmerslowin transaction processwhich cause the farmers income become low. Low income lead the tobacco farmers to the ‘debt trap’ and low capital.Keywords: poverty, rural, farmers, tobacco, LombokABSTRAKKemiskinan adalah penyebab dari kelaparan, marginalisasi dan keterlantaran serta fenomena-fenomena negatif sosial lainnya. Kawasan pedesaan yang sebagian besar penduduknya bekerja di sektor pertanian umumnya memberikan sumbangan yang lebih besar dalam hal jumlah penduduk miskin dari pada kawasan perkotaan. Pulau Lombok di NTB sebagai penghasil utama tembakau di Indonesia adalah salah satu daerah dengan prosentase penduduk miskin lebih tinggi dari pada prosentase penduduk miskin nasional. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui pola lingkaran setan kemiskinan pada petani tembakau di Pulau Lombok. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan diskriptif. Responden berjumlan seratus orang dipilih secara random sampling di wilayah penelitian yang ditentukan secara purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani tembakau di pedesaan Pulau Lombok mengalami lingkaran setan kemiskinan dengan pola baru. Rendahnya tingkat modal petani mendorong petani untuk bermitra dengan perusahaan tembakau, kemitraan ini kemudian menciptakan ketergantungan petani pada komoditas tembakau dan perusahaan mitra, ketergantungan itu membuat posisi tawar petani lemah dalam proses transaksi yang mengakibatkan rendahnya pendapatan petani, pendapatan yang rendah membuat petani terjebak pada debt trap dan tidak mampu mengakumulasi modal, dengan demikian petani kembali memiliki modal yang sangat rendah.Kata kunci: kemiskinan, pedesaan, petani, tembakau, Lombok

Ecotourism,livelihood System and Decoupling Sustainabilty in Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi ., Kasmiati; Dharmawan, Arya Hadi
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted in Wakatobi Southeast Sulawesi Province. Wakatobi overall administrative region is a national park established by decree of the Ministry Forestry No.7651/KPTS-II/2002 dated August 19 Wakatobi National 2002. Wakatobi National Park was the second largest marine park was owned by Indonesia and became one of the national tourism destination. It was the latest Indonesian biosphere reserves established by UNESCO in the 24th session of the ICC-MAB program in 2012, Paris.Wakatobi geostrategic position in the center of the world’s coral led to an area that has a very rich biodiversity and have the beautifully and exotic underwater scenery. The superiority of location (geographical advantage) being the reason for local governments to establish ecotourism as a paradigm of Wakatobi regional development. This study examines the livelihood systems and the level of household resilience after ecotourism developed in Wakatobi through “Sustainable Livelihood Aproach”.In this study, it can be concluded that the development of ecotourism in the region has not given more contribution thus hamper the achievement of regional development based on ecotourism as nature conservation was maintained and well-being of local communities. However, the development of ecotourism still was inclusive so that people who are able to access such availability was top class household groups. Ecotourism basically can increase the economic resilience of households.Keywords: regional development, ecotourism, livilihood, resilience, decoupling sustainabilityABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Wakatobi Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Secara keseluruhan wilayah adminstrasi Wakatobi merupakan taman nasional yang ditetapkan berdasarkan surat keputusan Menteri Kehutanan No.7651/KPTS-II/2002 tanggal 19 Agustus tahun 2002.Taman Nasional Wakatobi merupakan taman laut terbesar kedua yang di miliki Indonesia dan menjadi salah satu Daerah Tujuan Wisata nasional. Merupakan cagar Biosfer terbaru Indonesia yang ditetapkan oleh UNESCO melalui sidang ke-24 ICC-MAB program pada tahun 2012 di Paris. Posisi Geostrategis Wakatobi di tengah pusat karang dunia, menyebabkan daerah ini sebagai wilayah yang memiliki keanekaragamn hayati yang sangat tinggi dan mempunyai pemandangan alam bawah laut yang indah dan eksotik. Keunggulan lokasi (geographical advantage) menjadi alasan Pemerintah Daerah menetapkan Ekowisata sebagai paradigma pembangunan wilayah Wakatobi. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat sistem penghidupan dan tingkat resiliensi rumahtangga setelah ekowista dikembangkan di Wakatobi menggunakan pendekatan “Sustainable Livelihood aproach”. Hasil kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah kegiatan ekowisata belum berkontribusi besar dalam pembangunan wilayah karena terjadi persoalan ”Decoupling Sustainability”, hal ini menghambat tercapainya tujuan pembangunan wilayah yang berbasiskan ekowisata yaitu kelesetarian alam terjaga dan masyarakat lokal memperoleh manfaat. Tetapi yang terjadi adalah pembangunan ekowisata yang belum inklusif sehingga hanya lapisan rumahtangga atas yang mampu mengakses peluang yang tersedia. Ekowisata pada dasarnya dapat meningkatkan resiliensi ekonomi rumahtangga.Kata kunci: pembangunan wilayah, ekowisata, livelihood , resiliensi, decoupling sustainabiliti

Involvement of The Actors in Conversion Control of Agricultural Land (Case Study in Tabanan District, Bali Province) ., Widhianthini; Dharmawan, Arya Hadi; Azam Achsani, Noer
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to know how the role of government actors, private or investors and indigenous institutions (Subak and Pakraman) in the management of land resources (including water) so that the conversion of agricultural land can be prevented. The study was conducted in Tabanan, Bali Province. Depth interview techniques and stakeholder analysis as an approach of this research. A stakeholder analysis is instrumental to understand the social and institutional context of a program or project activities. The purpose of stakeholder analysis is to determine interests and their authority in preventing the conversion of agricultural land. The results showed that there are two forces actors (stakeholders) in the management of land resources (including water). The government in collaboration with investors and has a role as a player, while Subak and Pakraman have a role on the position of the object. Power relations are played by actors of government is still dominant compared to indigenous institutional Subak and Pakraman. Investors who have the capital strength and enthroned as the ‘king’ always pave the spatial plannings are on ‘profit-seeking’ biggest for himself. Power is seen as a mechanism of domination which is a form of power against the other in a relationship dominated by dominated or powerfull by the powerless. The duality of land governance (including water) between actors is the dualism solution. The duality that lies in the fact, that he could be seen as rules that a principle for action in a wide range of space and time, while it is the result (outcome) and means looping action thus overcoming space and time. Duality of land governance (including water) shows that in the future that is necessary is to put Subak and Pakraman in a position of political strength parallel to desa dinas and other government institutions.Keywords: indigenous institutions (Subak, Pakraman), conversion of agricultural land, stakeholder analysis, duality of land governanceABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana peran aktor pemerintah, swasta atau investor, dan kelembagaan lokal (subak dan desa pakraman) dalam pengelolaan sumber daya lahan (termasuk air) sehingga konversi lahan pertanian dapat dicegah. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Tabanan, Propinsi Bali. Teknik wawancara yang mendalam dan analisis stakeholder sebagai pendekatan penelitian ini. Analisis stakeholder merupakan instrument untuk memahami konteks social dan kelembagaan dari program atau kegiatan proyek. Tujuan dari analisis stakeholder adalah untuk menentukan minat dan kewenangan mereka dalam mencegah konversi lahan pertanian. Hasil memperlihatkan bahwa terdapat dua kekuatan aktor (stakeholder) dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya lahan (termasuk air). Pemerintah berkolaborasi dengan investor dan memiliki peran sebagai pemain, sedangkan subak dan desa pakraman memiliki peran pada posisi objek. Relasi kuasa yang dimainkan oleh aktor pemerintah masih bersifat dominan dibandingkan kelembagaan lokal subak dan desa pakraman. Aktor investor yang memiliki kekuatan modal dan bertahta sebagai ‘raja’ selalu melicinkan perencanaan-perencanaan tata ruang yang memberikan ‘profit seeking’ terbesar bagi dirinya. Kekuasaan dipandang sebagai mekanisme dominasi yang merupakan bentuk kekuasaan terhadap yang lain dalam relasi yang mendominasi dengan yang didominasi atau yang berkuasa dengan yang tidak berdaya. Dualitas tata kelola lahan (termasuk air) antar para aktor merupakan pemecahan dualism tersebut. Dualitas itu terletak dalam fakta, bahwa ia bisa dipandang sebagai aturan yang menjadi prinsip bagi tindakan di berbagai ruang dan waktu, sekaligus ia merupakan hasil (outcome) dan sarana perulangan tindakan yang karenanya mengatasi ruang dan waktu. Dualitas tata kelola lahan (termasuk air) ini menunjukkan bahwa kedepan yang diperlukan adalah menempatkan subak dan desa pakraman pada posisi kekuatan politik yang sejajar dengan desa dinas dan kelembagaan pemerintah lainnya.Kata kunci: kelembagaan lokal (subak, desa pakraman), konversi lahan pertanian, analisis stakeholder, dualitas tata kelola lahan

PENGENDALIAN EMISI KARBON DAN PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR NAFKAH RUMAH TANGGA PETANI: ANALISIS SOSIOLOGI NAFKAH Hadi Dharmawan, Arya; Budi Prasetyo, Lilik; Tonny Nasdian, Fredian
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2016): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTThe development of carbon-based society is one of the contemporary issues that offers a form of environmental and human collaboration respirokal also functional in controlling the risks of climate change.However, its not easy to introduce the issue of carbon to the livelihood systems of rural communities. In it, found a variety of problems, from technical aspects to non-technical. This study was constructed to answer these issues in the wider framework to mitigate climate change by carbon credits in two different locations, namely in the Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) and Jambi. For the case of DIY, carbon trading scheme, which is based on the Voluntary Carbon Market (VCM) still pose a constraint on the aspect of “legalization” and “market”. Besides the licensing process and the disharmony between institutions vertically led to increasingly complex problems. As for the case in Jambi Province, the forest is seriously threatened by forest fires and property issues (tragedy of the common), the lack of public knowledge about the functioning of Forest Park (TAHURA) causes some people consider the forest and the free open access to be entered.In another side, the TAHURA is one potential area that has a large enough carbon stocks as the area of climate change mitigation. This research is ultimately going to map out the problems and calculate the economic contribution obtained by the public, as well as changes in the structure of living in two locations with two carbon initiatives of community-based schemes are different.Keywords: mitigation of climate change, carbon emissions, the development of community-based carbon, a living structure, sociology of rural livingABSTRAKPengembangan karbon berbasis masyarakat merupakan salah satu isu kontemporeryang menawarkan bentuk kolaborasi manusia dan lingkungan yang respirokal juga fungsional dalam upaya pengendalian resiko perubahan iklim.Namun, tidak mudah memperkenalkan isu karbon ke dalam sistem penghidupan masyarakat pedesaan. Di dalamnya,ditemukanberbagai permasalahan, dari aspek teknis hingga non-teknis. Penelitian ini dikonstruksikan untuk menjawabberbagai persoalan tersebut dalam kerangka besar mitigasi perubahan iklim via kredit karbon di dua lokasi yang berbeda, yakni di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) dan Provinsi Jambi. Untuk kasus di DIY, skema perdagangan karbon yang berlandaskan pada Voluntary Carbon Market (VCM) masih menimbulkan kendala pada aspek “legalisasi” dan “pasar”. Selain itu proses perizinan dan disharmoni antar lembaga secara vertikal menyebabkan persoalan semakin kompleks. Sedangkan untuk kasus di Provinsi Jambi, hutan pada saat ini sangat terancam dengan kebakaran hutansertapersoalan properti (tragedy of the common), minimnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang fungsi Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) menyebabkan sebagian masyarakat menganggap kawasan hutan tersebut open access dan bebas untuk dimasuki.Di sisi lain, kawasan TAHURA merupakan salah satu kawasan potensial yang memiliki cadangan karbon yang cukup besar sebagai kawasan mitigasi perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini pada akhirnya hendak memetakan permasalahan dan mengkalkulasikan kontribusi ekonomi yang diperoleh oleh masyarakat, serta perubahan struktur nafkah di dua lokasi dengan dua skema inisiatif karbon berbasis masyarakat yang berbeda.Kata kunci: mitigasi perubahan iklim, emisi karbon, pengembangan karbon berbasis masyarakat, struktur nafkah, sosiologi nafkah pedesaa

Embeddedness of Moral and Culture Institutions with Embroidery Entrepreunership in Tasikmalaya Jamilah, Joharotul; Dharmawan, Arya Hadi; K. Panjaitan,, Nurmala; S. Damanhuri, Didin
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 4 No. 3 (2016): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTIn the Era of Global Economy, in general the business world is controlled by the formal economic ethics. This means that the businesses with modern economic system dominates the behaviours of enterpreuneurs in his economic acts. Production relation that is constructed between the enterpreuners and the employers is rational formal relationship, such as the employment contract should be clear above “black and white”, and the SOP (Standard Operational Procedure) which has been determined from beginning or formal legal nature. However, there is still found the businessman with moral economic ethics as the basis of their behaviours may persist, including the businessman of embroidery industry in Tasikmalaya.This research is aimed to reveal the business strategy that is undertaken by the embroidery enterpreuners in order to survive in the modern economy which is based on capitalist economic ethics with formal rational, and how the moral values and formal underlying the relation of production between the businessman and the workers.The methode used in this research is case study, with 12 embroidery enterpreuners, according to the criteria of Legilation No. 20 Yr. 2008 about UMKM, in Tasikmalaya. The data collecting uses deep interview and observation, while the technique of data analysis is used descriptive qualitative analysis. The result of the study is there is an embeddedness of Islamic and Sundanese values in the economic acts of the embroidery enterpreuners in Tasikmalaya with difference of embeddedness level. i.e: (1) Strong embeddedness on the Islamic values and weak Sundanese ethics traditions, call as Islamic-Sundanese Entrepreneurs (2) Strong embeddedness on the Sundanese tradition and weak Islamic Ethics, call as Sunda-Islamic Entrepreneurs, and (3) Strong embeddedness on the modern economic ethics but weak on the Islamic and Sundanese ethics, call as Capitalist Entrepreneurs.Keywords: formal rational, moral ethics economy, Islamic-Sundanese Entrepreneurs, Sunda-Islamic Entrepreneurs, capitalist entrepreneursABSTRAKPada era ekonomi global, dunia bisnis pada umumnya dikendalikan dengan etika ekonomi formal. Hal ini berarti bisnis dengan sistem ekonomi modern mendominasi perilaku wirausahawan dalam tindakan ekonominya. Hubungan produksi yang terbangun antara pengusaha dengan pekerja bersifat rasional formal, seperti dengan adanya kontrak kerja yang harus jelas di atas ‘hitam putih’, dan SOP yang sudah ditentukan dari awal atau bersifat legal formal. Tetapi masih ditemukan pelaku bisnis dengan etika ekonomi moral sebagai dasar perilakunya dapat bertahan, diantaranya pengusaha industri bordir di Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap strategi bisnis yang dilakukan pengusaha bordir sehingga dapat tetap survive dalam ekonomi modern yang berlandaskan pada etika ekonomi kapitalis dengan rasional formal, serta sejauhmana nilai-nilai moral dan formal melandasi hubungan produksi antara pengusaha dengan pekerjanya berdasarkan tipologi pengusaha. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus, pada 16 pengusaha bordir, sesuai kriteria UU no 20 tahun 2008 tentang UMKM di Tasikmalaya. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui deep interview dan observasi sedangkan teknik analisis data melalui analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah adanya keterlekatan nilai Islam dan Sunda dalam tindakan ekonomi para pengusaha bordir di Tasikmalaya yang berbeda-beda derajat kelekatannya yaitu (1) keterlakatan kuat pada nilai Islam dan lemahetika budaya Sunda, disebut sebagai tipe Pengusaha Islami-Sundanis, (2) keterlakatan kuat pada nilai budaya Sunda dan lemah pada nilai Islam, adalah tipe Pengusaha Sunda-Islami, dan (3) terlekat kuat pada etika ekonomi modern dan lemah pada etika Islam dan Sunda, sebagai tipe Pengusaha KapitalisKata kunci : rasional formal, etika moral ekonomi, Pengusaha Islami-Sundanis, Pengusaha Sunda-Islami, pengusaha kapitalis

The Expansion of Palm Oil Plantation and Changes of Rural Social Ecology Hidayah, Nursantri; Dharmawan, Arya Hadi; Barus, Baba
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 4 No. 3 (2016): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTThe biggest threat to Indonesian forest is the rise of new palm oil plantation. Indonesia ranked the top by the quantity and rate of expansion of oil palm cultivation. Riau ranked first with a contribution of 29 percent of the total national production of palm oil. The rate of expansion of oil palm plantations such as by land use change forest area, land of community, and farmland. Demand for land to the expansion of oil palm plantations in Riau Province continues to increase is so that has triggered high rates of conversion of land into oil palm plantations, this expansion HAS ALSO led to a conservation area. Many cases of illegal land conversion is done as occurs in protected areas and conservation. Tesso Nilo National Park is one of the National Park in Riau province precisely in Pelalawan and Indragiri Hulu does not escape from the activity of land conversion for oil palm plantations. Oil palm expansion has led to various effects such as changes in the landscape, the relocation of land and natural resources, changing economic and social. This research was conducted with the aim of identifying changes in land use landscape surrounding Tesso Nilo National Park, the changes livelihoods of local communities and the vulnerability of farm Households. Studies conducted in the village conservation area affected by oil palm expansion. Data were Analyzed descriptively by using spatial analysis and livelihood systems. From the results of the research Noted that oil palm expansion in Tesso Nilo has the caused massive degraded forests, forest cover is left now only about 20 percent. The pattern of the community living around the area turn out to be are relatively homogeneous with one source of income is from oil palm plantations. This causes people to be vulnerable to a crisis when palm oil prices declined. The high food consumption from the dependent communities will complicate the supply from outside the community when revenues decline. For the sustainability of the region need more intensive management area so that the destruction of the forests as a result of actions of this expansion can be overcome and potential conflicts between the oil palm and food crops in the future must be anticipated so there is no economic vulnerability of farm households.Keywords: ecology landscape changes, expansion of oil palm, livelihood systemsABSTRAKAncaman terbesar terhadap hutan Indonesia adalah maraknya pembukaan perkebunan kelapa sawit baru. Indonesia menduduki peringkat teratas berdasarkan kuantitas perluasan perkebunan dan laju penanaman kelapa sawit. Riau berada di peringkat pertama dengan kontribusi sebesar 29 persen terhadap total produksi minyak sawit nasional.Laju perluasan perkebunan kelapa sawit diantaranya dengan jalan mengalihfungsikan kawasan hutan, kebun rakyat, dan lahan pertanian. Permintaan lahan untuk ekspansi perkebunan sawit di Provinsi Riau terus meningkat sehingga telah memicu tingginya angka konversi lahan menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit, ekspansi ini juga sudah mengarah ke kawasan konservasi. Banyak kasus konversi lahan dilakukan secara illegal seperti yang terjadi pada kawasan lindung dan konservasi. Taman Nasional Tesso Nilo (TNTN) adalah salah satu Taman Nasional di Provinsi Riau tepatnya di Kabupaten Pelalawan dan Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu yang tidak luput dari aktivitas konversi lahan untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit. Ekspansi kelapa sawit telah menimbulkan berbagai dampak seperti terjadinya perubahan bentang alam, relokasi tanah dan sumber daya alam, perubahan ekonomi dan perubahan sosial. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi perubahan penggunaan lahan disekitar lanskap Taman Nasional Tesso Nilo, perubahan sistem naflah masyarakat lokal dan kerentanan rumah tangga petani. Studi dilakukan di desa sekitar kawasan konservasi yang terkena dampak ekspansi kelapa sawit. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan analisis spasial dan analisis sistem penghidupan. Dari hasil penelitan diketahui bahwa ekspansi kelapa sawit di sekitar Taman Nasional Tesso Nilo telah menyebabkan hutan terdegradasi secara masif, tutupan hutan yang tersisa saat ini hanya sekitar 20 persen. Pola nafkah masyarakat sekitar kawasan berubah menjadi cenderung homogen dengan satu sumber nafkah yaitu dari perkebunan kelapa sawit. Ini menyebabkan masyarakat menjadi rentan terhadap krisis ketika harga kelapa sawit menurun. Tingginya konsumsi pangan masyarakat yang tergantung pasokan dari luar akan menyulitkan masyarakat ketika pendapatan mengalami penurunan.Bagi keberlanjutan pengembangan wilayah perlunya pengelolaan kawasan yang lebih intensif sehingga kerusakan hutan akibat tindakan ekspansi ini bisa diatasi dan potensi konflik antara pihak perkebunan kelapa sawit dan pertanian tanaman pangan kedepan harus diantisipasi sehingga tidak terjadi kerentanan ekonomi rumah tangga petani.Kata kunci: perubahan lanskap ekologi, ekspansi kelapa sawit, sistem penghidupan

Women and Livelihood Resilience of Household: Analysis of Oil Palm Expansion Impact in Jambi Azzahra, Fatimah; Hadi Dharmawan, Arya; K. Pandjaitan, Nurmala
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTIndonesia is the greatest producer of oil palm in the world. Despite providing economic benefits, oil palm plantations cause significant environmental and social impacts. Environmental impacts such as deforestation, loss of biodiversity, forest fires and drought. The social impact of oil palm expansion changes women works in livelihood resilience. The purpose of this study are to analyze the influence of oil palm plantations to the livelihood structure and working changes in women and men at smallholder household in Jambi. The method used is mix method using questionnaire and in-depth interviews. The results are the expansion of oil palm plantations cause structural changes such as the shift subsistence living from rubber plantations into oil palm plantation and on lower household changes women from domestic work into the public work as oil palm labours. This is done to increase income of the household in order to remain economically resilient when a crisis situation. However, the environment is very vulnerable, causing drought and exacerbated by forest firesKeywords: oil palm, livelihood, women, resilience, householdABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan negara produsen minyak kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia. Meskipun memberikan manfaat ekonomi, perkebunan kelapa sawit menimbulkan dampak lingkungan dan sosial yang signifikan. Dampak lingkungan seperti deforestasi, hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati, hingga bencana kebakaran hutan dan kekeringan. Dampak sosial perkebunan kelapa sawit yaitu mengubah pekerjaan perempuan dalam resiliensi nafkah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis sejauh mana ekspansi perkebunan kelapa sawit mempengaruhi struktur nafkah dan kerja nafkah laki-laki dan perempuan pada rumahtangga petani di Provinsi Jambi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode campuran dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu ekspansi perkebunan kelapa sawit menyebabkan perubahan struktur nafkah berupa pergeseran sumber nafkah dari perkebunan karet menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit. Selain itu, pada rumahtangga lapisan bawah terjadi perubahan kerja perempuan dari domestic menjadi ke ranah publik yaitu sebagai buruh kelapa sawit. Hal tersebut dilakukan untuk menambah penerimaan rumahtangga agar tetap resilien secara ekonomi ketika terjadi krisis. Namun, lingkungan menjadi sangat rentan sehingga menimbulkan kekeringan dan diperparah dengan kebakaran hutan.Kata kunci: kelapa sawit, nafkah, perempuan, resiliensi, rumahtangga

Extraction of Natural Resources and Community Livelihoods Systems Change Region of the Cycloop Nature Reserve in Jayapura Papua Novan Ngutra, Risky; Kumala Putri, Eka Intan; Hadi Dharmawan,, Arya; Darusman, Dudung
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the pattern of community life of the Cycloop Nature Reserve based livelihoods.In addition, this study also analyzes the perception of the issues contained in the Cycloop Mountains, nature reserve, and analyze the management policy Cycloop Nature Reserve area. The results of the study noted that the pattern of use of forest resources in Cycloop Nature Reserve area in the form of social interaction of economic relations of society to meet the needs of everyday life, such as harvest forest products such as food, firewood, building materials and home, fodder, medicinal plantsand services and the results of other forest types. Perception noted there are four the most frequently encountered problems and facing communities, namely floods, forest fires and land (agriculture and illegal plantations), logging (illegal logging), as well as a decrease in the value of biodiversity in the area Cycloop Nature Reserve. The policy needs to be taken is the need for the empowerment of indigenous peoples through indigenous knowledge on the management of natural resources in the nature reserve. Additionally still conducted socialization activities for the community, then the pattern of routine patrols and security operations with indigenous peoples.Affirmation for customary land which is in the nature reserve area Cycloop Nature Reserveso that each of indigenous peoples supervise the activities of the society.Keywords: community interaction, perception, empowerment, indigenous knowledgeABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis aktivitas kehidupan masyarakat di kawasan Cagar Alam Pegunungan Cycloop berdasarkan mata pencaharian. Selain itu penelitian ini juga menganalisis persepsi mengenaiberbagai permasalahan di kawasan Cagar Alam Pegunungan Cycloop dan menganalisis kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan Cagar Alam Pegunungan Cycloop.Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis SWOT yang mengarahkan untuk kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan cagar alam. Hasil penelitian mencatat bahwa pola pemanfaatan sumberdaya hasil hutan pada kawasan Pegunungan Cycloops berupa hubungan interaksi sosial ekonomi masyarakat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari, seperti kegiatan pemungutan hasil hutan berupa bahan pangan, kayu bakar, bahan rumah dan bangunan, pakan ternak, tanaman obat dan hasil jenis jasa hutan lainnya. Persepsi mencatat ada empat persoalan yang paling sering dijumpai dan dihadapi masyarakat, yakni banjir, kebakaran hutan dan lahan (pertanian dan perkebunan ilegal), pencurian kayu (illegal logging), serta penurunan nilai keanekaragaman hayati di kawasan Cagar Alam Pegunungan Cycloop. Kebijakan yang perlu diambil adalah perlu adanya pemberdayaan masyarakat adat melalui pengetahuan adat tentang pengelolaan sumberdaya alam di kawasan cagar alam. Selain itu tetap dilakukan kegiatan sosialisasi bagi masyarakat, kemudian pola pengamanan patroli rutin dan operasi secara bersama masyarakat adat. Penegasan bagi tanah adat yang berada di kawasan cagar alam Pegunungan Cycloops sehingga setiap masyarakat adat tetap mengawasi kegiatan masyarakatnya.Kata kunci: interaksi komunitas, persepsi, pemberdyaan, kearifan lokal

Cohesivity Fisheries Community in the Face of Climate Change on the Coast of Western Java Adriana, Galuh; K. Pandjaitan, Nurmala; Hadi Dharmawan, Arya
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

ABTRACTThe conditions of fishermen is very dependent with nature. Climate change that happening makes nature more difficult to predict. That can make the living of fishermen more vulnerabel. Communities that have a strong cohesiveness will have a collective action to deal with climate change. The purpose of this study is to see the level of cohesiveness fisherman in the face of climate change. The method used is mix method using questionnaire, observation and in-depth interviews. The number of respondents was 100 people. The selection of respondents was done by simple random sampling technique, where the study population are members of “raskin” program from government. The results are fisheries community have a strong social capital, sense of community and community collective efficacy, which is produced strong cohesiveness. However, in reality what is perceived is not necessarily reflected in everyday life. Collective action found only in activities that support public facilities. However, collective action for the economic interests only occurs in certain interest groups. According the results can be argued that the level of fishing community cohesiveness is high, but only produce preparadness for climate change.Keywords: social cohesion, collective action, fisheries communityABSTRAKKehidupan nelayan sangat bergantung dengan alam. Perubahan iklim yang terjadi membuat alam semakin sulit untuk diprediksi. Kondisi tersebut membuat kehidupan nelayan semakin vulnerabel. Komunitas yang memiliki kohesivitas yang kuat akan memiliki aksi kolektif untuk menghadapi perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat derajat kohesivitas komuitas nelayan dalam mengahadapi perubahan iklim. Metode yang digunakan adalah mix method dengan menggunakan kuesioner, observasi dan wawancara mendalam. Jumlah responden adalah 100 orang. Pemilihan responden dilakukan dengan teknik simple random sampling, dimana populasi penelitian adalah anggota komunitas penerima program beras raskin dari pemerintah. Hasil penelitian adalah komunitas nelayan memiliki modal sosial, sense of community dan community collective efficacy yang kuat, yang akan menghasilkan kohesivitas yang kuat. Akan tetapi, apa yang dirasakan belum tentu tercerimin pada kehidupan sehari-hari. Aksi kolektif hanya terdapat pada kegiatan yang mendukung fasilitas umum. Akan tetapi aksi kolektif untuk kepentingan ekonomi hanya terjadi pada kelompok-kelompok kepentingan tertentu. Berdasarkan hasil dapat dikatakan bahwa tingkat kohesivitas komunitas nelayan tinggi, tetapi hanya menghasilkan kesiapan untuk menghadapi perubahan iklim.Kata kunci: kohesivitas, aksi kolektif, komunitas pesisir

Co-Authors . Nuva ., Kasmiati ., Widhianthini A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abdul Malik Abdulkadir Sunito, Melani Ade Mirza Roslinawati Adriana, Galuh Affandi, M.Joko Afqari, Muhammad Rifky Agustina M Purnomo Agustini, Syofia Akhmad Fauzi Akhmad Fauzi Alfiasari Ali Yansyah Abdurrahim Amanda, Jessica Vanelia Anton Supriyadi Arif Satria Aryani, Dhea Putri Asep Sapei Astri Astri Lestari Astriani Sudaryanti, Diyane Aulia Farida Aziz Hasyim Baba Barus Bambang Juan Bambang Pramudya - Bayu Eka Yulian Beta Dwi Utami Borni Kurniawan, Kharis Fadlan Budi Prasetyo, Lilik Budiarto, Tri Budiyanti, Indah D.S. Priyarsono Danang Pramudita Danang Pramudita, Danang Dedy Irawan Desty Ristianingsih Diah Irma Ayuningtyas, Diah Didik Suharjito Didin S. Damanhuri Dinintya Chairunnisa Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat Dominicus Savio Priyarsono Drajat Martianto Dudung Darusman Dudung Darusman Dwi Idawati Dyah Ita Mardianingsih Dyah Ita Mardiyaningsih Dyah Ita Mardiyaningsih, Dyah Ita Eka Intan Kumala Putri Ekawati Sri Wahyuni Elisabet Repelita Kuswijayanti Elisabet Repelita Kuswijayanti Endriatmo Soetarto Erliza Noor Ernan Rustiadi Euis Sunarti Faris Rahmadian Fatimah Azzahra Fatimah Azzahra Fredian Tonny Nasdian Hadi Alikodra - Hana Indriana Hapsari, Tsabita Alefia Harahap, Tinur Fitri Ayu Hartoyo Hartoyo Henry Silka Innah Henry Silka Innah Hermawan, FX Hermin Fatimah Hermin Fatimah, Hermin Heru Purwandari Hidayah, Nursantri Hilda Nurul Hidayati Husain Assadi I Made Sudiana Ina Marina Indah Budiyanti Indri Febriani Iqbal Abdul Muqsith Iqbal Rahmat Gani Isang Gonarsyah Ivanovich Agusta Iwan Nurhadi Jamilah, Joharotul K. Panjaitan,, Nurmala Kartodihardjo, Hariadi Kharis Fadlan Borni Kurniawan La Ode Alwi Lala M Kolopaking Lalu Ardhian Mustapa Liantiame, Liantiame LILIK BUDIPRASETYO Lina Marlina M. Joko Affandi M. Parulian Hutagaol Maksum, Mohammad Martua Sihaloho Mochammad Maksum MT Felix Sitorus Muh Kamim, Anggalih Bayu Muhammad Firdaus Muhammad Reza Halomoan Muhammad Rifky Afqari Nastiti Siswi Indrasti Novia Fridayanti Nudya Wiyata Nur Isiyana Wianti Nuraini W Nurjihadi, Muhammad Nurmala Katrina Pandjaitan P. Setia Lenggono Pacheco, Pablo Paulina P. Tulak Pitaloka Maharani Kusuma Ningtyas Pitri Yandri Purboningtyas, Titis Pury Putri Ekasari Putri, Rachmi Wildan Aghnia Meutia Rai Sita Raihani Alfiatush Arrasyiida Ramdhan Aziz Al Batistuta Reinhardt Nielsen, Martin Rilus Kinseng Rimarty Anggun Widiatri Rin r Rina Mardiana Risky Novan Ngutra Riyanto Riyanto Rizka Amalia Robert M.Z Lawang Rousilita Suhendah S Damanhuri, Didin S. Damanhuri, Didin Saharuddin Said Rusli Sakut Lorista Sardjo, Sulastri Satyawan Sunito Satyawan Sunito Siti Halimatusadiah Sitti Halumiah Sjafri Mangkuprawira Soehartini S Soeryo Adiwibowo Sri Setiawati - Suryadi Suryadi Suryadi Suryadi Syofia Agustini Tampubolon, Arisandy Fernando Taufik Hidayat Thita Moralitha Mayza Tia Oktaviani Sumarna Aulia Tinur Fitri Ayu Harahap Tirta Anugerah Titik Sumarti Titik Sumarti Tommi Tommi Tommi Tommi, Tommi Tommi, Tommi Tyas Widyastini Undang Fadjar W Widiyanto Wahyuni, Ekawati Wati, Elva Winda Gustika Yeti Lis Purnamadewi Yetti Lis Purnamadewi Yosia Ginting Yoyoh Indaryanti Yudhistira Saraswati Yuliana, Dhina Yusticia Andi Astuti Zairin, Dhea Dasa Cendekia Zulfa Nur Auliatun Nissa Zuzy Anna

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