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All Journal Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Folia Medica Indonesiana Jurnal Biosains Pascasarjana Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Science and Technology Indonesia Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium Jurnal SainHealth Jurnal Media Analis Kesehatan Journal Of Widya Medika Junior Medical Laboratory Analysis and Sciences Journal JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Narra J AKSONA Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Jurnal Widya Medika
Jusak Nugraha
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Physics Public Health Veterinary Other

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Associations between plasma beta amyloid and cognitive decline: A systematic review and meta-analysis Cynthia, Cynthia; Nugraha, Jusak; Hamdan, Muhammad; Dharma, Rahajuningsih; Lumempouw, Silvia F.
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i2.2268

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease is a leading neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline. Early prediction is crucial for enabling timely interventions. Plasma amyloid β-peptides (Aβ), particularly the Aβ-42/Aβ-40 ratio, have been proposed as potential non-invasive biomarkers for cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease risk. However, conflicting findings and methodological variability have hindered consensus regarding their clinical utility. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the plasma Aβ levels predict dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and cognitive decline. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they measured at least one plasma Aβ species (Aβ-40, Aβ-42, or the Aβ-42/Aβ-40 ratio) and reported outcomes related to dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, or cognitive change. Only human studies published in peer-reviewed journals were included. A comprehensive search of six databases (PubMed, PMC, SSRN, Scopus, BioRxiv, and MedRxiv) was conducted up to December 1, 2024. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-E tool, and pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects meta-analysis. A total of 25 studies were included in the systematic review, with four contributing to the meta-analysis. Lower plasma Aβ-42/Aβ-40 ratio was not significantly associated with Alzheimer’s disease risk (pooled HR=0.8; 95%CI: 0.62–1.04), and substantial heterogeneity was observed (I²=70%, p=0.02). Individual studies varied in their findings: while some reported that lower Aβ-42/Aβ-40 ratio predicted increased Alzheimer’s disease risk, others found no association or even opposing trends. Methodological heterogeneity—including differences in sample handling, measurement techniques, and study designs—likely contributed to these inconsistencies. Overall, this review suggests that plasma Aβ-42/Aβ-40 ratio is not reliable predictors for the onset of Alzheimer’s disease or dementia. However, the substantial heterogeneity observed underscores the need for further research to clarify the potential of plasma Aβ as a preclinical biomarker.
Mortality Profile of COVID-19 Co-Infection in HIV/AIDS Patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia Januarti, Catur Ifda; Rusli, Musofa; Nugraha, Jusak; Puspitasari, Dwiyanti
JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/juxta.V16I22025.129-134

Abstract

Highlights: The majority of HIV/AIDS patients who succumbed to the effects of co-infection at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, were of productive age, with the predominant complications being anemia and bacterial infections. Tuberculosis was listed as the most common opportunistic infection that exacerbated the condition of HIV/AIDS patients and caused death during the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19.   Abstract Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an immune system disease caused by the HIV infection, making individuals susceptible to various diseases, including coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients can worsen the severity of the diseases, especially in those with comorbidities, complications, and opportunistic infections, potentially leading to death. This study aimed to determine the mortality profile of COVID-19 co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January 2020 to December 2022. Methods: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional method, utilizing secondary data from 48 medical records of COVID-19 co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January 2020 to December 2022, collected through a total sampling technique. Results: Of the 105 total HIV/AIDS patients with COVID-19 co-infection, 48 were selected in this study based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The mortality profile showed a predominance of males (75%), with an average age of 36.5 years. The most common comorbidity was bacterial infection (38.6%), with the highest complication being anemia (55.6%), and the most prevalent opportunistic infection being tuberculosis/TB (50%). Conclusion: The mortality profile of COVID-19 co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients indicated a higher occurrence among males, with an average age of 36.5 years old. The most common comorbidity was bacterial infection, whilst the most prevalent complications include anemia, with TB being the most frequent opportunistic infection.
Causes of Microbleeding in Alzheimer's: Role of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Factor Xa Inhibitors Cynthia; Nugraha, Jusak; Hamdan, Muhammad; Lumempouw, Silvia; Dharma, Rahajuningsih
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 32 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v32i1.2388

Abstract

This case report aims to analyze factors that may contribute to the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying microbleeding in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), thereby paving the way for appropriate therapeutic interventions and improved patient outcomes. An 80-year-old Indonesian woman, diagnosed with AD and DVT, was admitted to the neurobehavioral clinic on May 16, 2023. Microbleeding was detected in the right cerebellum, right occipital lobe, left caudate nucleus, and left-right frontal cortex based on the Brain MRI. The patient had been treated with factor Xa inhibitors once a day since April 17, 2018, due to DVT. The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment with bilateral knee osteoarthritis was made on June 13, 2017. Laboratory findings on November 21, 2023, revealed an e-GFR of 36 mL/min/1.73m2, indicating a moderate to severe decline in kidney function. Alzheimer's dementia can cause Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA), which can result in clot formation in the brain tissue and around cerebral arteries. This process deteriorates blood flow and impairs the clearance of amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ), leading to Aβ accumulation, microglia activation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal death. Decreased cerebral blood flow leads to hypoperfusion, cerebral microvascular infarctions, and microhemorrhages (also known as microbleeds). In elderly patients with Alzheimer's dementia, immobilization often leads to DVT, which is treated with factor Xa inhibitors. However, drug accumulation can occur due to decreased kidney function, potentially causing further microbleeds in the brain. Microbleeding found in this patient might be a consequence of Alzheimer’s pathology and or adverse effects of factor Xa inhibitors.
The Protective Effect of Amorphophallus oncophyllus against Indomethacin-Induced Duodenal Mucosal Injury in Rats via Inhibition of Inflammatory Cell Infiltration Setiawati, Yuani; Kurnijasanti, Rochmah; D'Arqom, Annette; Nugraha, Jusak; Illiandri, Oski; Sudjarwo, Sri Agus
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 8 No. 4 (2025): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v8i4.10233

Abstract

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can cause significant gastrointestinal mucosal injury, particularly in the duodenum. This damage is often initiated by localized erosion of the duodenal mucosa, which triggers a subsequent inflammatory cascade. The porang tuber (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) is a promising candidate for mitigating this injury due to its rich composition of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and glucomannan, all of which possess known anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigated the protective effect of an ethanolic A. oncophyllus extract on the duodenal mucosa in an indomethacin-induced rat model. Thirty Wistar white rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly assigned to five groups: a vehicle control, a model group receiving indomethacin, and three treatment groups that were pretreated with A. oncophyllus extract at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively, for seven days before a single dose of indomethacin. Our findings demonstrated that the A. oncophyllus extract, particularly at a dose of 200 mg/kg, effectively reduced duodenal mucosal injury caused by indomethacin. This protective effect is likely attributable to the extract's phytochemical profile, which contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. In conclusion, this research confirms that A. oncophyllus extract has the potential to protect the duodenal mucosa from NSAID-induced damage.
Co-Authors Abdul Hafid B Agung Dwi Wahyu W Agung Dwi Wahyu Widodo Agustiningrum, Indah Akhmad Setyo Rahman Alfia Andriyani Amellya Octifani aminuddin, mohammad Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani Andrianto Anita Budiarti Anna Roosdiana Annette d’Arqom, Annette Anton Yuntarso Aryati Aryati Aryati Aryati Ashon Sa'adi Ashon Sa’adi Ashon Sa’adi Audrey Gracelia Riwu Awalia Awalia Ayu Imamatun Nisa Bambang Purwanto Bastian Bastian Bastian Bastian Beatrix, Stephanie Besin, Valentinus Betty Agustina Betty Agustina Tambunan Buana, Dwi Candra Budi Prasetyo Budi Utomo Budiutari, Ni Nyoman Budy, Theresia Indah Callixte, Cyuzuzo Caroline Caroline Ch. Destri Wiwis Wijayanti Christina Destri Citra Indah Setyaningrum Cynthia Cynthia Ayu Permatasari Cynthia Ayu Permatasari Cynthia Cynthia Cynthia Cynthia Cyuzuzo Callixte Darmadi, Epriyanto T Dheasy Herawati Diyan Wahyu Kurniasari Djoko Agus Purwanto Dominicus Husada Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih Dwi Liliek Kusindarta Dwiyanti Puspitasari, Dwiyanti Eddy Mart Salim Eddy Mart Salim Eddy Mart Salim Eddy Mart Salim, Eddy Mart Edhi Rianto Elok Budi Retnani Elvan Dwi Widyadi Erfina Lim Erna R Tobing Erwin Astha Triyono Esthy Poespitaningtyas Febtarini Rahmawati Ferdy R. Marpaung Ferdy Royland Marpaung Foe, Kuncoro Francisca Srioetami Tanoerahardjo Francisca Srioetami Tanoerahardjo Fransisca Srioetami Tanoerahardjo Fransisca Srioetami Tanoerahardjo Fransiska Fransiska Fransiska Sri Oetami Gede Arie Wijaya Handayani, Luh Putu Trys Monika Hanik Badriyah Hidayati,* Mohammad Hasan Machfoed,* Kuntoro,** Soetojo,*** Budi Santoso,**** Suroto,***** Budi Utomo****** Hans Kristian Nugraha, Hans Kristian Hantoro Gunawan Hari Basuki Notobroto Hari Basuki Notobroto Hari Setiono Harianto Notopuro Hartono Kahar, Hartono Hendy Wijaya Herin Mawarti Heru Setiawan Hery Priyanto Hevi Wihadmadyatami Holland Lydia Marpaung Huda Shalahudin Darusman I Made Andika Bara Kusuma Idha Kusumawati Ilham Ilham Irvan Ipandi Januarti, Catur Ifda Joewono Soeroso John Wiwin Julious Julious julious, julious Kadeq Novita Prajawanti Kasiyati, Menik Kemas Ya'kub Rahadiyanto Kemas Ya'kub Rahadiyanto Kemas Ya’kub Rahadiyanto kurniati, nova Lisa Soegianto Lumempouw, Silvia Luminto, Dian Lutfi Dewanda Nugroho M. Aminuddin M. Aminuddin M. Irsan Saleh Mangestuti Agil Maya E. Roring Meiti Muljanti, Meiti Mohammad Aminuddin Mohammad Hasan Machfoed Muhammad Amin Muhammad Amminuddin Muhammad Hamdan Muhammad Hamdan Muhammad Irsan Saleh Muhammad Nazarudin Munawaroh Fitriah Munawaroh Fitriah Munawaroh Fitriah Myrza Elita Naesilla Naesilla Nico Jafet Ningrum, Emilna Mega Ninik Asmaningsih Soemyarso Notopuro, Paulus Budiono Nova Kurniati Nova Kurniati Nova Kurniati Noviana, Rachmitasari Nugraha, Hans K Nur Hayati Nur Lailatul Fadhilah Oetami, Fransisca Sri Oryza Chrisantia Oski Illiandri Patria Dewi Pande Pratama, Dyah Ayu Oktaviani A Prihantika S., Sabrina Pudji Lestari Purwanta, Marijam Purwoko, Agus Puspitasari, Yessy Putri, Indah Aprianti Rahadiyanto, Kemas Ya'Kub Rahajuningsih Dharma Rahajuningsih Dharma Rahayu Nofita Sari Rahma Indah Pratiwi Ravell Hansen Untono Rendy, Achmad Nur Retno Indrawati Rifa’I, Muh Husni Risky V. Prasetyo Rochmah Kurnijasanti Roedi Irawan Rusli, Musofa Ryzky Widi Atmaja S. Soedarsono S.Pd. M Kes I Ketut Sudiana . Sabri Prihantika Sabrina Prihantika Saleh, M Irsan Saputra, Angky Saputri, Agatha Efrad Senny Yesery Esar Setiawan, Lidwina Tri Kristanti Shahzad Shoukat Sheila Clarissa Shoukat, Hamad Shoukat, Shahzad SILMI MARIYA Silvia F. Lumempouw Silvia Francina Lumempouw Sinansari, Restry Siti Nur Husnul Yusmiati Siti Rahmawati Soedarsono Soedarsono Soedarsono Soedarsono Soelistijo, Soebagijo Adi SP Edijanto Srikanth Karnati Süleyman Ergün Suryawan, I Gde Rurus Susi Oktaviani Tanoehardjo, Francisca Srioetami Tanoehardjo, Francisca Srioetami Tanoerahardjo, Francisca Srioetami Tedja, I G.A. Wiradari Theresia Indah Budhy Theresia Indah Budhy Sulisetyawati Triagung Ruddy Tuyishimire Irene Utariani, Arie UUS SAEPULOH Wahyu Dewi Tamayanti, Wahyu Dewi Wahyu Setiani Wibowo Wahyu Setiani Wibowo Winthoko, Eka Nora Vitaloka Aprilia Putri Wulandari, Dian Novita Wuryanto Hadinugroho Yetti Hernaningsih Yoes Prijatna Dachlan Yohanes Adrian Kapri Negara Yuani Setiawati Yudy Tjahjono Yufita Ratnasari Wilianto Yulia Nadar Indrasari Zen Hafy