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When the Flag Fails: Reassessing Flag State Responsibility for Marine Pollution by the Shadow Fleet Fitriani, Nazwa; Danial, Danial; Vitrana, Mokhamad Gisa; Hambali, Hambali
Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Februari (In Progress)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/up.v7i1.52428

Abstract

Background: Shadow fleet threatens Indonesia’s maritime sovereignty, particularly in cases of marine pollution caused by vessel activities. Incidents involving MT Arman 114 and MT Freya reveal gaps in flag state responsibility that infringes upon Indonesian waters. In this context, tensions emerge between coastal State stability and flag State obligations, exacerbated by the evasive and regulatory-avoidant characteristics of shadow fleet operations. Methodology: This study employs a normative legal methodology using both a statutory and a conceptual approach. The secondary data are derived from instruments such as the 1982 UNCLOS, MARPOL 73/78, the 2001 ILC Draft, the 1974 SOLAS, as well as Indonesian regulations, namely Law No. 17 of 2008 and Law No. 32 of 2009, and relevant legal principles. The data are analyzed qualitatively to assess the conformity between das sollen and das sein. Objectives: This research discusses the legal implications of the shadow fleet regarding Indonesia’s maritime sovereignty. It principally examines how effectively the UNCLOS framework governs flag State responsibility for shadow fleet concerning the risk of marine pollution ion coastal State waters. Findings: UNCLOS establishes the flag state’s responsibility for marine pollution resulting from shadow fleet practices through the genuine link principle. In practice, however, remediation burdens frequently shift to coastal States and private actorsm as flag States often fail to discharge their obligations. Novelty: This research provides a distinct scholarly contribution by examining the foundational dimension of the implications of environmentally harmful shadow fleet practices, specifically the responsibility of the flag State.
PERLINDUNGAN DAN PENGELOLAAN ASET DAERAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG PERBENDAHARAAN NEGARA (STUDI ASET DAERAH PROVINSI BANTEN) Eva Hermawati; Firdaus Firdaus; Danial Danial
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 11 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Bajang Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Indonesia sebagai negara hukum kesejahteraan memberikan kewenangan kepada pemerintah daerah untuk mengelola keuangan dan aset daerah dalam rangka mendukung pelayanan publik dan peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Salah satu sumber daya strategis daerah adalah aset daerah atau Barang Milik Daerah yang memiliki nilai ekonomi dan potensi untuk meningkatkan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). Namun, dalam praktiknya, pengelolaan aset daerah masih menghadapi berbagai permasalahan, seperti lemahnya perlindungan hukum, ketidaktertiban administrasi, serta pemanfaatan aset yang belum optimal. Adapun identifikasi masalah dalam penelitian ini antara lain: Bagaimana Bentuk Perlindungan Aset produktif Daerah Provinsi Banten periode 2021-2024 terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Provinsi Banten Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2004 Tentang Perbendaharaan Negara? Bagaimana Bentuk Pengelolaan Aset Daerah terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2004 Tentang Perbendaharaan Negara? Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan aset produktif daerah Provinsi Banten pada periode 2021–2024 telah dilaksanakan melalui perlindungan administratif, fisik, dan yuridis. Tetapi pemanfaatan aset daerah tersebut belum optimal dalam meningkatkan PAD karena masih terdapat aset yang belum dimanfaatkan secara produktif dan ekonomis. Pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan aset daerah secara normatif telah dilaksanakan, tetapi belum memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan akibat keterbatasan perencanaan pemanfaatan aset, lemahnya pengawasan, serta masih adanya aset daerah yang menganggur.
The Quran In Designing Mass Communication (Study Of Interpretation Of Al Misbah's) Cindenia Puspasari; Muhammad Syahrial Razali Ibrahim; Danial
Profetik: Jurnal Komunikasi Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/pjk.v18i2.3286

Abstract

  The Qur'an in designing mass communication does not only convey messages to a wide audience, but also emphasizes the values of ethical norms, truth, and justice. This article aims to deeply examine the design of mass communication from the Qur'an as interpreted in Al Misbah by M Quraish Shihab. The Al-Misbah interpretation emphasizes that the ultimate goal of mass communication design in the Qur'an is Akhlak and involves a combination of universal messages, delivery methods appropriate to the audience's context, and ethics in conveying information. This article also analyzes a pattern of prophetic communication in the Qur’an perspective that is integrated with the study of communication science that has developed previously. By referring to these principles, communication design in Islam can be relevantly applied in modern life, including through mass media. The Shannon and Weaver model is related to understanding mass communication design in the Qur'an. This article categorizes the mass communication design in the Qur'an into three models: the Story model, the Repetition model, and the Gradation model. Next, it takes four Ayahs from the Qur'an categorized into three models in the mass communication design in the Qur'an, namely: QS.An-Naml: 30, QS.Ar-Rahman: 13, QS.Al-Anbiya: 92, and QS.Al-Mu'minun: 52. Next, it is analyzed using the tahlili method based on the Al Misbah interpretation by M. Quraish Shihab. It was found that the Qur'an designs its messages broadly as a form of mass communication, aimed at achieving the ultimate intercession, which is the pleasure in understanding the meaning of the messages in the Qur'an, in order to improve human morals in leading a peaceful life
Legality and Legitimacy of the United Nations as a Lawmaking Actor in International Law: A Conceptual and Doctrinal Analysis Hilton Tarnama Putra M; Atip Latipulhayat; Diajeng Wulan Christianti; Danial Danial; Afandi Sitamala
Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol 5, No 1 (2026): Tirtayasa Journal of International Law Vol. 5 No. 1 June 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51825/tjil.v5i1.38360

Abstract

This article examines the potential of the United Nations (UN) as a key actor in the formation of international law. Considering the evolving patterns of contemporary international law, which are increasingly multilateral and no longer entirely state-centered, the role of the UN in norm creation has become increasingly significant. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing not only questions of legality but also legitimacy, to ensure that the UN’s legal outputs can be recognized as valid sources of international law. Methodologically, this article adopts a doctrinal and descriptive analytical approach, focusing on the normative framework of the UN Charter and the practice of selected UN organs. The scope of analysis is limited to the General Assembly, the Security Council, the International Law Commission, and the International Court of Justice, as the principal institutional sites of UN related norm development. The findings suggest that the UN Charter explicitly provides a legal basis for the organization to contribute to international lawmaking. Resolutions, declarations, and other legal instruments produced by the UN, when reflecting universal principles such as humanity, peace, and security, are often regarded as legitimate sources of international lawmaking, although their legal status and normative authority remain subject to ongoing doctrinal debate. Thus, the legitimacy of the UN rests primarily on its teleological dimension-namely, the pursuit of universal purposes while continuing to raise contested questions regarding the limits of its lawmaking authority within the international legal system.
Co-Authors . Hamsiah Abdul Gaffar Abdul jalil Abdul Rauf Abdullah Abdullah Adawiyah, Robi'Atul Adi Jaya, Sarlan Afandi Sitamala Agustin, Sylvia Ahmad Fikri Aini Nurul Alamsyah, Muhammad Reky Alifuddin, Muh Amirullah -, Amirullah Andani, Andi Merry Anggara, Doni Anwar Anwar Aolia, Erina Ardi Ardi Armanda, Dicky Arsyad, Muhammad Iqbal Asbar Asbar, Asbar Aslamiyah, Mujadiddah Asmidar Asmidar Asmidar Asmidar Atip Latipulhayat Ayyun, Qurrata Badaruddin Balqis, Salsabila Nazwa Beddu Tang Bin Mohamad, Mohammad Taqiuddin BN, Ramadhani F Bukhari Chandra Kirana Cindenia Puspasari Damis, Damis Dara Nur Azizah Yuwono Dede, Markurius Hariyadi Diajeng Wulan Christianti Didik Suhariyanto Diputra, Putu Yudhi Nusartha Dirgantoro, Katon Sigit Djafar, Syahrul Endang Sawitri Erens Elvianus Koodoh, Erens Elvianus Eriawan, Erick Erman I. Rahim Eva Hermawati Fahmin, Nur Habib Fatirawahidah, Fatirawahidah Fatwa, Muh Aiman Fauzi, Valesca Vella Valdema Firdaus Firdaus Fithriah, Nur Fitri Imansyah Fitriani Fitriani Fitriani Fitriani, Nazwa Fuadi Fuadi Gevira, Dhea Gufron, Ali Gusalim, Lili Hambali Hambali Hanan, Nydia Handayani, Fanty Hermansyah, Ainani Hidavat, Agustini Hidayat , Irfan Hilton Tarnama Putra M Hotiza, Siti Ikhsan, Muh Inge Dwisvimiar Irawiraman, Hadi Irma Damajanti Iskandar Iskandar Jamaluddin Jaya, Sarlan Adi Junaidi Junaidi Kafrawi Kafrawi Karenina, Melita Jenar Kasim, Aksah Kasmin, Kasmin Khatimah, Nurul Kombong, Aldri Yithream Laxmi, Laxmi lia yulia Lilies Anggarwati Astuti, Lilies Anggarwati Liliyana Listiyawati, Listiyawati M. Iqbal Arsyad Maaggazing, Fernand Faktur Daeng Mahamatayuding Samah Makiyah, Faidatul Managam Rajagukguk Manalu, Ayub Rainaldo Maulida, Eva Titania Mohamad Fasyehhudin Mokhamad Gisa Vitrana Muh Anhar Muhammad Ardiansyah Muhammad Ardiansyah Muhammad Syahrial Razali Ibrahim Muhammad Taufiqurrahman, Muhammad Muhammad Yusuf Muhyi Mohas Munadi Usman Munawar Rizki Jailani Munir, Musnar Nanda, Giri Dwi Nanik Suharwati Nugroho, Edwin Adi Nur Aisyah Nur Azmy Nur Sari Dewi NUR SARI DEWI Nur Sari Dewi. M Nurhayati Nurhayati Nuryanto, Muhammad Khairul Ponglabba, Henry Ma’dika Ponglabba Pramasari, Cristiani Nadya Prasetyo, Nanang Pratiwi, Novita Eka Tyas Purba, Dian Andreas Purwaningrum, Rr Diah Asih Purwanti, Atni Putra, Syarif Abdian Putri, Gaitsa Farah Zahira Rahmadani, Rani Rajaguguk , Managam Rajibsman Ramdhani, Wahyu Rani Sri Agustuna Retnaningrum, Yuliana Rahmah Reynanda, Nadhifa Ririn Kurnia Rismang, Rismang rohani, aceng asnawi Rokhim, Saiful Ros Mayasari Ruchiyat, Asep Rudi Kurnianto Rupiani, Dewi Rustam, Faisya Rahayu Saenong, Muhammad said, muh Salma Maulida Husana Salsabilla, Zahra Samsualam, Samsualam Samsuri Samsuri Shadrina, Nida Midati Silitonga, Grace Steffany Siregar, Wanda Puspita Br. Sitamala, Afandi Sodiman Sodiman, Sodiman Soemari, Herlien Dwiarti Solly Aryza Sri Agustian Suhelmidati, Etri Sukardi, Akhmad Supriatna, Muhammad Farhan Swandari Paramita Syaggaf, Andi Waliana Syahputra, Angga Syahril Samad, Syahril Syahrul Syahrul Syam, Khairil Syarifuddin Syarifuddin Sylviana Maya Damayanti Tajuddin, Mustamin Tang, Beddu Tasya, Putri Tekwan, Gregorius Tinton S, Bonifacius Perdana Ulfianti, Ulfianti Usman A. Gani Verry Asfirizal Wikaningtyas, Pratiwi Wongso, Dio Suseno Yoesrizal Muhammad Yoesoef Yudanti Riastiti Yuli Yetri Yusuf Yusuf Zainal Abidin Zainal Zainal Zuhrah, Nikmatuz Zuhrah, Ni’matuz _, Zul Hamizan