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yulia lanti retno dewi
Bagian Biologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Jl. Ir. Sutami No 36 A, Surakarta, 57126
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Effects of Maternal Nutrition Status, Maternal Education, Maternal Stress, and Family Income on Birthweight and Body Length at Birth in Klaten, Central Java Nurmayanti, Rika; Salimo, Harsono; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Birthweight and body length at birth are predictors of morbidity and mortality in children under five years old and adult age. Low birthweight increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in children under five. This study aimed to examine the effects of maternal nutrition status, maternal education, maternal stress, and family income, on birthweight and body length at birth in Klaten, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an observational analytic study with case control design. The study was conducted at Manisrenggo and Bayat community health centers, Klaten District, Central Java, in April 2017. A total sample of 120 children aged 0 to 6 months and their mothers were selected for this study using fixed disease sampling. The dependent variables were birthweight and body length and birth. The independent variables were maternal nutrition status, maternal education, maternal stress, and family income. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire. Maternal nutrition status at pregnancy was measured by mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Data on birthweight and body length at birth were taken from mother and child health monitoring book. The data was analyzed using path analysis.Results: Birthweight was directly and positively affected by maternal MUAC at pregnancy (b=0.50; SE=0.13; p<0.001), family income (b=0.11; SE=0.04; p=0.004), and maternal education (b=2.14; SE=0.88; p=0.016). Birthweight was directly and negatively affected by maternal stress (b=-1.81; SE=0.81; p=0.025). Body length at birth was directly and positively affected by maternal MUAC at pregnancy (b=0.16; SE=0.64; p=0.011) and family income (b=0.05; SE=0.18; p=0.005). Maternal MUAC at pregnancy was affected by maternal education (b=1.41; SE=0.58; p=0.014). Likewise, family income was affected by maternal education (b=5.28; SE=2.11; p=0.012).Conclussion: Maternal MUAC at pregnancy, family income, and maternal education positively and directly affect birthweight. Maternal stress directly and negatively affects birthweight. Body length at birth is directly and positively affected by maternal MUAC at pregnancy and family income.Keywords: birthweight, body length at birth, MUAC, maternal stressCorrespondence: Rika Nurmayanti. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: yicha.adjach@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281270333572.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(4): 297-308https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.04.02
Path Analysis: Effect of Gestational Factors, Psychosocial Factors, and Antenatal Class Program on Toddler Growth Indria, Gita Ayu; Murti, Bhisma; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: According to David Barker’s fetal origins hypothesis, the period of gestation has significant impacts on the developmental health and wellbeing outcomes for an individual ranging from infancy to adulthood. In the current study, toddlers growth is hypothesized to be affected by various gestational exposure and psychosocial factors at early childhood. In addition,the government has launched the class-room program for mothers of toddlers, which aimed improve maternal ability to raise healthy children. This study aimed to determine the effect of gestational factors,psychosocial,andmaternalclass-room programon toddler’s growth.Subjects and method: This was an observational analytical study with case-control design. The study was conducted in Banjarnegara, Central Java, Indonesia, from July 29 to August 31, 2016. A total of 120 toddlersaged 3 months to 5 years old along with their motherswere selected for the study by fixed exposure sampling. The exogenous variables were family support, family income, maternal education, maternal physical activity, and maternal participation in the class-room program. The endogenous variables were toddler’sbirthweight, weightfor age,height for age, weight for height. The data were collected with a questionnaire and anthropometric measures. The data were analyzed using path analysis model.Results: Maternal education (b=-2.44; p<0.001), birth weight (b= 0.01; p=0.038), family support (b = 0.04; p = 0.048), and maternal participation in the class-room program (b=1.29; p=0.007), had direct significant effect on toddler’s weight for age. Birth weight (b= 0.14; p=0.279), maternal participation in the class-room program (b=4.92; p=0.020), maternal education (b=-11.76; p=0.209) had direct significant effect on toddler’s height for age. Birth weight (b<0.01; p=0.047), maternal participation in the class-room program (b=0.01; p=0.016), family income (b=-0.01; p=0.549), maternal education(b=-0.01; p=0.008) had direct significant effect on toddler’s weight for height. The goodness of fit statistics for the three outcome variables indicated  the goodness of fit of the model specified in the path analysis. Conclusion: Somegestational factors,psychosocialfactors, and maternal participation in the class-room have significant effects on toddler’s growth.Keywords: path analysis, gestation period, psychosocial factors, toddler’s growthCorrespondence: Gita Ayu Indria. Masters Program of Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: gitaindria@gmail.com.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2016), 1(1): 53-61https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2016.01.01.08
Biopsychosocial Factors, Life Course Perspective, and Their Influences on Language Development in Children Safriana, Latifah; Salimo, Harsono; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Speech and language disorder if untreated may cause deficiency in reading, verbal, psychosocial, behavioral, and academic abilities. Studies have shown that birthweight, body length at birth, maternal education, parenting style, maternal stress, income at pregnancy, and current income can influence child development. This study aimed to determine the biopsychosocial factors, life course perspective, and their influences on language development in children. Subject and Method: This was an analytic observational study using case control design. The study was conducted in Surakarta, Central Java, from February to May 2017. A sample of 140 children aged 2 to 5 years old were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling with 1:3 ratio between case (children with speech and language disorder) and control (children without such disorder). The dependent variable was child speech and language development. The independent variables were birthweight, body length at birth, maternal education, maternal stress, parenting style, family income at pregnancy, and current family income. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and medical record. The data on speech and language ability was measured by Denver II questionnaire. Path analysis was employed for data analysis.Results: Language development was directly and positively affected by democratic parenting style (b=0.46; SE=0.08; p<0.001), permissive parenting style (b=0.10; SE=0.11; p=0.020), birthweight (b=0.12; SE=0.02; p=0.002), maternal education (b=0.11; SE=0.31; p=0.007), maternal stress (b=-0.13; SE=0.04; p=0.013). Language development directly and negatively affected by autoritarian parenting style (b=-0.37; SE=0.09; p<0.001). Language development was indirectly affected by body length at birth, family income at pregnancy, and current family income.Conclusion: Language development is directly affected by parenting style, birthweight, maternal education, maternal stress.Keywords: biopsychosocial, life course, language development, children 2 to 5 years old, path analysisCorrespondence: Latifah Safriana. School of Health Polytechnics Permata Indonesia, Yogyakarta. Email: latifsafri@gmail.com. Mobile : +6282225246917.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(3): 245-256https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.03.06
Path Analysis on Gestational Socio-economic Determinants of Nutritional Status in Children Under Five in Purworejo Regency, Central Java Ayuningrum, Ika Yuli; Salimo, Harsono; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Undernutrition by height-for-age standard starts during pregnancy and continues to the first two years of life. Linear growth disorders among children under five years are associated with morbidity, mortality, loss of physical growth potential, reduced neurological development, reduced cognitive functions, and increased risks of adulthood chronic diseases. In 2015, the number of undernourished children under five (height-for-age) reached 156 million globally. Purworejo regency was an area with the second highest under­nutrition cases in Central Java in 2014. This study aimed to analyze the life-course epidemiology perspectives on the socio-economic factors contributing to the nutritional status of the children aged two to five years in Purworejo regency, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an observational analytical study with case control design. This study was conducted in Purworejo, Kaligesing, and Bruno sub-districts, Purworejo Regency, Central Java in February to March 2017. A total sample 160 children aged two to five years and their mothers were selected by fixed disease sampling. There were 37 children in the case groups, and 113 children in the control groups. The independent variables included family income, maternal age, maternal nutritional status (mid upper arm circumference), birth length, exclusive breastfeeding and the children’s history of illness. The dependent variable was the children’s nutritional status (height-for-age/HAZ). Data on the children’s height were collected using microtoise. Other data were collected by maternal and children health (MCH) books and a set of questionnaires. The data were analyzed using path analysis.Results: Nutritional status of children under five (height-for-age/HAZ) was affected by family income (x Rp 100,000) (b=0.03; SE=0.24; p<0.001), maternal age (years) (b=0.02; SE=0.02; p=0.160), maternal nutritional status/MUAC (cm) (b=0.08; SE=0.05; p=0.066), birth length (cm) (b=0.22; SE=0.05; p<0.001), exclusive breastfeeding (b= 0.03; SE=0.16; p=0.080), and the absence of illness (b=0.39; SE=0.14; p=0.007).Conclusion: Nutritional status of the children under five (height-for-age/HAZ) is affected by family income, birth length, exclusive breastfeeding, maternal age, maternal nutritional status, and the absence of illness.Keywords: nutritional status, children under five, life-course epidemiology, socio-economicCorrespondence: Ika Yuli Ayuningrum. Magister of Public Health Program, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Email: ayuningrum0811@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285729407360.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(1): 30-41https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.01.04 
Effects of Maternal Education, Psychosocial Stress, Nutritional Status at Pregnancy, and Family Income, on Birthweight in Nganjuk, East Java Nurahmawati, Dhewi; Salimo, Harsono; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 2, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Low birthweight (LBW) is one of the primary causes of infant mortality. It shares 27% of infant mortality rate (IMR). The Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey in 2007 reported that the IMR was 34 deaths per 1,000 live births. As much as 30.3% of this rate was accounted by LBW. As such LBW is an important global public health issue. Countries arround the world have committed to overcome this problem. This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal education, psychosocial stress, nutritional status at pregnancy, and family income, on birthweight.Subjects and Method: This was an observational analytic study with case control design. The study was conducted in Ngetos community health center, Nganjuk, East Java, from May to June, 2017. A total sample of 120 were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling, compresing 40 infants with low birthweight and 80 infants with normal birthweight. The dependent variable was birthweight. The independent variables were maternal education, psychosocial stress, nutritional status at pregnancy (middle-upper arm circumference, MUAC), maternal anemia, and family income. MUAC was measured by MUAC measuring tape. Hemoglobin concetration was measured by Sahli meter. Psychosocial stress was measured by Holmes and Rahe stress scale. The other variables were measured by a set of questionnaire. Path analysis was used for data analysis.Results: MUAC ≥23.5 cm (b= -0.80, SE= 0.57; p=0.064), hemoglobin concetration ≥11 g/dL (b= -120.16, SE= 45.14, p=0.008), and low psychosocial stress (b= -0.80, SE= 0.57, p=0.164) directly and negatively affected low birthweight. Maternal education ≥Senior High School (b= 1.28, SE = 0.056, p= 0.022), psychosocial stress (b= -0.001, SE<0.001, p=0.097), and family income (b= 0.97, SE= 0.46, p=0.036) positively affected MUAC. MUAC ≥23.5 cm positively affected hemoglobin concentration ≥11 g/dL (b= 0.19, SE = 20.84, p<0.001).Conclusion: MUAC, hemoglobin concetration, and low psychosocial stress directly and negatively affect low birthweight.Keywords: low birthweight, MUAC, maternal anemia, psychosocial stress, family incomeCorrespondence: Dhewi Nurahmawati. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dhenoura@gmail.com. Mobile: +62813330787826.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(4): 324-334https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.04.04
Senyawa Goitrogenik dalam Bahan Makanan (Goitrogenik Substances in Foodstuffs) DEWI, YULIA LANTI RETNO
Bioedukasi: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Vol 8, No 2 (2015): BIOEDUKASI: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology Education Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Sebelas Maret Un

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/bioedukasi-uns.v8i2.3866

Abstract

It has been known for a long time that iodine deficiency results in enlarged thyroid gland (goiter). However, iodine supplementation alone frequently fails to eliminate goiter in particular area. At present, experts realized that many agents interact with iodine deficiency in producing goiter. Agents that cause goiter are known as goitrogens. Several goitrogens are found in the foodstuff. Our study in Ngargoyoso sub-district revealed that several foods containing suspected such substances are consumed by school children. They are soybean cake, tofu, onion, tomato, cassava leaves, cabbage, cassava tuber and broccoli. Soybean cake and tofu are made from soybean containing isoflavone which exerts anti-thyroid activity in rats. Onion contains allyl-sulfides. Tomato, cassava leaves, and broccoli contain pigments with antioxidant moiety and anti thyroid activity. Cabbage contains isothyocyanat, a potent anti thyroid in rats and rabbits. Cassava contains linamarin. The study was a recalled study using food frequency questionnaire. In order to prove the goitrogenic activity in those foods an In-Vitro Assay or In-Vivo Assay should be carried out. Since plants grown in certain areas are influenced by soil and water, it is reasonable to measure anti thyroid activity using plants grown locally. This paper will describe those assays and suggest the most applicable in Indonesia.
Path Analysis: The Effect of Biopsychosocial and Environmental Exposure on Child Asthma in Surakarta Hadianti, Ayunita Dwi; Budihastuti, Uki Retno; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 1, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Asthma is a non-communicable disease with high morbidity in Indonesia.According to David Barker’s fetal origin hypothesis, biopsychosocial as well as environmental exposure during gestational period affect health outcome in later life. This study aimed to determine the effect of bio-psychosocial and environmental exposure factor on the risk of child asthma in Surakarta.Subjects and Methods: This was an analytical observational study with case control design.This study was conducted at the Center for Community Pulmonary Health (BBKPM), Surakarta. A total of 105 study subjects were selected by fixed disease sampling, consisting of 35 asthmatic patients and 70 healthy children aged 6-15 year old. The exogenous variables were maternal education, current child stress, indoor cigarette smoke exposure and maternal stress during gestational period, current family income, and current indoor cigarette smoke exposure. The endogenous variables were birth weight and child asthma. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and analyzed using path analysis model.Results: Current child stress (b = 3.49; 95% CI = 1.18-5.81; p = 0.003), exposure to indoor cigarette smoke (b = 3.44; 95% CI = 1.07-5.80; p = 0.004), indoor air polution (b = 2.43; 95% CI = 0.60-4.27; p = 0.009), had positive, direct, and statistically significant effects on the risk of child asthma. Birth weight ≥2.500 gram (b = -2.01; 95% CI = -3.95 to -0.07; p = 0.041) had negative, direct, and statistically significant effect on the risk of child asthma. Maternal education had positive and statistically significant effect on family income (b=1.57; 95% CI=0.62 to 2.52; p= 0.001). Family income had negative and statistically significant effect on indoor air pollution (b= -2.48; 95% CI=-3.52 to -1.44; p= 0.001). Maternal stress at gestational period had negative and statistically significant effect on birth weight (b=-1.13; 95% CI= -2.18 to -0.08; p=0.035).Conclusion: In line with David Barker’s fetal origin hypothesis, this study supports that biopsychosocial as well as environmental factors have significant effects on child asthma.Keywords: bio-psychosocial, environmental exposure, asthma, children.Correspondence: Ayunita Dwi Hadianti. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Email: ayunitadwihadianti@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282314064445.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2016), 1(2): 62-72https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2016.01.02.01
Path Analysis on the Effect of Breastfeeding Complementary Food Pattern, Maternal Schooling, Family Income, and Birthweight, on Nutritional Status in Children Underfive Nurjanah, Ahmitta Laila; Tamtomo, Didik; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 1, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Indonesia is one among the 17 countries with the highest prevalence of stunting, wasting, and overweight in children under five. In 2013, the prevalence of moderate undernutrition and severe undernutrition was 13.9% and 5.7%, respectively, in children under five. The prevalence of stunting was 19.2%. The period from birth to 2 years is so called as a sensitive period when the deleterious exposure and inadequate food intake can result in negative impact on the quality of the future generation. This study aimed to analyze the effect of breastfeeding complementary food pattern, maternal schooling, family income, and birthweight, on nutritional status in children underfive.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational with cross sectional design. This study was carried out in Klaten, Central Java from December 2016 to January 2017. A total sample of 120 out of 1236 mothers who had children aged 6-24 months were selected for this study by multi-stage sampling. The dependent variable was nutritional status measured in weight for age. The independent variables were breastfeeding complementary food pattern, maternal schooling, family income, and birthweight.  The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and analyzed with path analysis model on IBM SPSS AMOS 22.Results: The path model showed goodness of fit with CMIN= 1.18; p=0.002; GFI=0.99; NFI=0.98; CFI=1.00; RMSEA=<0.01. Breastfeeding complementary food pattern (b=0.27; p=0.002) and birthweight (b=0.25; p=0.004) showed direct positive and statistically significant effect on weight fo age score. Family income < Rp 1.400.000 (b=0.06; p=0.481) showed direct positive but statistically non significant effect on weight for age score. Maternal education showed positive and statistically significant effect on family income (b=0.28; p=0.001).Conclusion: Breastfeeding complementary food pattern and birthweight are important determinant of nutritional status as measured in weight for age in children under five. Maternal education has a positive effect on family income. Family income does not show its effect on nutritional status in this study.Keywords: breastfeeding complementary food pattern, nutritional status, children under fiveCorrespondence: Ahmitta Laila Nurjanah. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. Email: lailaarmella@gmail.com.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2016), 1(3): 170-178https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2016.01.03.04
Multilevel Analysis on the Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding at Gunung Anyar Community Health Center, Surabaya, Indonesia Atika, Zummatul; Salimo, Harsono; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 3, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is provision of breast milk for infants from 0 to 6 months of age with no additional food or drink intake. Provision of medicine, vitamin, and mineral is allowable during the period of exclusive breastfeeding. There is a lack of studies examining factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in Surabaya using multilevel analysis. This study aimed to examine factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in Surabaya using multilevel analysis.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross sectional design. The study was carried out at Gunung Anyar community health center (puskesmas), Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. A total of 25 puskesmas was selected by stratified random sampling, covering both accredited and non-accredited puskesmas. A total of 8 lactating mothers from each puskesmas were selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was exclusive breastfeeding. The independent variables were subjective norm, leisure time for breastfeeding, attitude, husband support, family support, and health personnel support. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel logistic regression.Results: Exclusive breastfeeding was positively affected by positive subjective norm (b=4.31; 95% CI= 1.63 to 6.99; p=0.002), leisure time for breastfeeding (b=3.97; 95% CI= 1.12 to 6.81; p=0.006), positive attitude (b=3.01; 95% CI= 0.57 to 5.45; p=0.016), strong husband support (b=2.39; 95% CI= 0.29 to 4.51; p=0.026), strong family support (b=2.71; 95% CI= 0.46 to 4.97; p=0.018), and strong health personnel support (b=4.13; 95% CI= 1.28 to 6.99; p=0.005). Posyandu showed strong contextual effect on exclusive breastfeeding with intra-class correlation (ICC)= 69.47%.Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding is positively affected by positive subjective norm, leisure time for breastfeeding, positive attitude, strong husband support, strong family support, and strong health personnel support.Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, subjective norm, attitude, husband support, health personnel supportCorrespondence:Zummatul Atika. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: atikaprayogi6@gmail.com.Mobile:+6289656280307.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2018), 3(3): 176-183https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2018.03.03.02
Multilevel Analysis on the Determinants of Overweight among Children Under Five in Kediri, East Java Khalifatunisak, Alfadefi; Salimo, Harsono; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 3, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Child overweight and obesity are an important public health issue worldwide. Overweight and obese children are likely to stay obese into adulthood and more likely to develop non-communicable diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine factors associated with overweight among children under five in Kediri, East Java, using a multilevel analysis model.Subjects and Method: This was a case control study conducted at 25 posyandus (integrated family health posts) in Kediri, East Java, from April to May 2018. A sample of 200 children under five was selected by fixed disease sampling. Posyandu was selected by stratified random sampling. Children were located at level 1 and posyandu at level 2 in the multilevel analysis model. The dependent variable was overweight. The independent variables were maternal body mass index (BMI), exclusive breastfeeding, calorie intake, feeding pattern, and nutritional status monitoring. Overweight status was measured by weight for height z-score. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel logistic regression model run in Stata 13.Results: Maternal BMI ?25 (b= 0.72; 95% CI= -0.98 to 1.54; p= 0.085) and calorie intake exceeding the recommended allowance (b= 1.45; 95% CI= 0.59 to 2.31; p= 0.001) increased the risk of overweight in children under five. Good feeding pattern (b= -1.11; 95% CI= -2.15 to -0.08; p= 0.034), exclusive breastfeeding (b= -0.97; 95% CI= -1.98 to 0.02; p= 0.057), and regular nutritional status monitoring (b= -4.34; 95% CI= -6.42 to -2.21; p<0.001) decreased the risk of overweight. Posyandu showed negligible contextual effect on the incidence of child overweight with ICC= 0.98%.Conclusion: Maternal BMI ?25 and calorie intake exceeding the recommended allowance increase the risk of overweight in children under five. Good feeding pattern, exclusive breastfeeding, and regular nutritional status monitoring decrease the risk of overweight in children under five. Posyandu has a negligible contextual effect on child overweight.Keywords: overweight, children under five, exclusive breastfeeding, maternal body mass index, multilevel analysisCorrespondence:Alfadefi Khaliatunnisak. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: emailealfadefi999@gmail.com.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2018), 3(4): 261-268https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2018.03.04.03
Co-Authors ?Arub, Lathifah A, Yayang Kharistik Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Adriyani, Rita Benya Agusningtyas, Nisia Hari Alvianti, Neily Widya Ambarwati, Dyah Anggraeni, Anastasia Dwi Anik Lestari Anindya, Ivanda Glanny Annarahayu, Lutfi Annisaa, Salwa Apriyanti, Ruth Ardianti, Febrina Arika, Romiza Arini Tri Lestari Ayusari, Amelya Augusthina Aziza, Triana Ulfa Nur Azizah, Alfi Makrifatul Azzahrah, Aisyah ‘Arub, Lathifah Babys, Isna Yuswella Bhisma Murti Budiyanti Wiboworini Damalita, Annisa Fitriana Dania, Samara Rahma Dewi, Ayu Rosita Dewi, Ayu Rosita Dhewi Nurahmawati Dianika, Bani Didik Gunawan Tamtomo Didik Tamtomo, Didik Dono Indarto Dwi Rahayu Dwi Wijayanti Endang Sutisna Sulaeman Eti Kuswandari Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari Fatmawati, Zeny Fauziyyah, Rona Luthfi Firdaus, Riza Firdausia, Shalsabilla Tiara Firstiafina Tiffany Fitriyaningsih, Ayu Hadianti, Ayunita Dwi Handana, Arya Dwi Handayani, Anggun Fitri Handayani, Sutartinah Sri Harsono Salimo Harsono, Rizki Dwi Agustin Hastuti, Uki Retno Budi Huwaida, Dhea Zahra Ika Yuli Ayuningrum Ikawati, Yani Indarwati, Ika Indria, Gita Ayu Indriyani, Eny Irnawati, Prita Yuliana Khairunnisa, Lia Krisnawati, Hesthi Kudu, Stevani Rambu Kunaryanti, Kunaryanti Kunaryanti, Kunaryanti Kurnianingsih, Mayasari Kusmadewi Eka Damayanti kusnandar kusnandar Latifah, Mirzawati Lestari, Esti Lestari, Esti Lidia Aditama Putri Lolita Lolita Mariyana, Anna MDF, Renidya Asyura Muhammad Rifqi Azhary Murdikawati, Dayang Fitri Murdikawati, Dayang Fitri Muslimah, Putri Andini MY. Cendy Nindra Brilliana Nirwana, Astika Candra Nur Hafidha Hikmayani Nurjanah, Ahmitta Laila Nurlaili, Riftiani Nikmatul Nurmayanti, Rika Nurvitasari, Rahsunji Intan Nuswantari, Atika Pangestu, Utami Pangestuti, Restu Pardosi, Firman Prasetya, Hanung Priscilla Jessica Pihahey Purnasari, Ratih Hermas Purwaningsih, Yustina Purwiyanti, Risye Endri Putra, Sinar Perdana Qadrijati, Isna Rachmawati, Nur Cahya Rahardjo, Setyo Sri Rahardjo, Setyo Sri Rakhmahayu, Atika Rakhmahayu, Atika Ramadhaningtiyas, Ahshaina Ratih, Dewi Mustika Ratna, Tantri Yunita RB. Soemanto Reviana, Prita Alvina Riski Anisa, Riski Rita Adriani Benya Adriani Rosyidah, Milatur Safriana, Latifah Sajalia, Husniyati Sani, Mario Febrianus Helan Santy Irene Putri Sapja Anantanyu, Sapja Saputri, Dyah Ayu Sari, Amelya Augusthina Ayu Satriani, Hayu Andita Septianawati, Linda Wahyu Setiyaningsih, Rita Setyo Sri Raharjo Shabrina, Amalina Simatupang, Abdul Malik Sinawangwulan, Indah Permatasari Sinu Andhi Jusup, Sinu Andhi Sitorukmi, Galuh Slamet Riyadi Soemanto, RB Sugihardjo Sugihardjo Sugiyanto, Joko Sukoco, Amin Susanti, Isne Sutomo, Zahrina Fildza Luthfiana Tjung, Vivienne Tri Rejeki Andayani Tungga, Tersia Marentiva Tyas Aisyah Putri Uki Retno Budihastuti Utami, Agustina Dwi Utii, Agustina Vitri Widyaningsih Wakhidah, Martini Shoim Wardhani, Lusi Oka Wayanshakty, Janur Putri Wekadigunawan, C.S.P. Wekadigunawan, CSP Wekadigunawan, CSP. widardo, Widardo Widhiyanti, Fitria Wijayanti, Poppy Wulandari Wulandari Yopiana, Elma Yuli Astuti Yuniarti, Windy Yunita, Astri Yunita, Astri Zummatul Atika Zuraida Zulkarnain, Zuraida