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Journal : AKSONA

Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Justitia, Ica; Dewi, Putri Krishna Kumara; Fauzi, Yanuar Rahmat; Hunaifi, Ilsa
AKSONA Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): JULY 2024
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/aksona.v4i2.52071

Abstract

Highlight: Chemotherapy induces neurotoxicity through DNA crosslink, impaired calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial damage, increased reactive oxygen species, pro-inflammatory cascade, axon degeneration, and programmed cell death. CIPN has a primary impact on the sensory neuron. CIPN is diagnosed based on the patient's history, chemotherapy history, and neurologic examination. Some pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments are hypothesized to reduce CIPN symptoms, but only duloxetine is recommended.   ABSTRACT Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is the most common and severe neurological side effect of many commonly used chemotherapy agents. It affects more than 60% of cancer patients. Approximately 30%–40% of patients have persistent symptoms five months or longer after stopping treatment. Even years after completing chemotherapy, some patients still experience CIPN symptoms. CIPN increases the annual cost of healthcare, leads to detrimental dose reduction and even cessation of treatment, and severely affects cancer survivors’ quality of life. Chemotherapy induces neurotoxicity through a variety of mechanisms that lead to neuronal cell damage or cell death. This mechanism of neurotoxicity varies depending on the specific agent. CIPN is characterized predominantly by sensory axonal peripheral neuropathy. Motor and autonomic symptoms may appear, but less frequently. To diagnose CIPN, a thorough patient's history and neurological examination are required. The current approach to CIPN management focuses on managing the symptoms of neuropathic pain and reducing or stopping the chemotherapy agent when CIPN manifests. There is no proven or advised prophylaxis therapy for CIPN. The point of this review was to talk about how some commonly used chemotherapy agents (such as platinum-based compounds, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, bortezomib, and thalidomide) cause CIPN, how to diagnose it, and the newest treatments that are available.
Determinants of Executive Dysfunction: Serum NRF2 and Sociodemographic Profiles in Lombok Island’s Coastal Population Wulandari, Inayah; Nurhidayati, Nurhidayati; Hunaifi, Ilsa; Rivarti, Arina Windri; Harahap, Herpan Syafii; Saputri, Legis Octaviana; Suryani, Dini; Zubaidi, Fitriannisa Faradina; Rosyidi, Rohadi Muhammad
AKSONA Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): JANUARY 2026
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/aksona.v6i1.74449

Abstract

Highlight: Coastal communities show high prevalence of cognitive decline. There is no correlation between NRF2 levels and executive function. Gender and education level were significantly associated with executive dysfunction.   ABSTRACT Introduction: Elderly people frequently suffer from neurodegenerative conditions that affect cognitive function. Redox homeostasis dysregulation plays a significant role in neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress activates the transcription factor called nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), which is essential for regulating the expression of genes involved in cellular defense mechanisms. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between serum NRF2 levels and executive function, as well as to identify other variables that may influence executive function among residents of coastal villages on Lombok Island. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design with consecutive sampling. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking status, and physical activity were collected. Statistical analyses employed Spearman's rank correlation test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression test. Results: A total of 39 participants were included, with an average age of 53.38 years. Most participants were female, had a low educational level, did not have hypertension or diabetes mellitus, had high physical activity levels, and were non-smokers. The average NRF2 level was 0.54 ng/mL. The correlation test showed no significant relationship between serum NRF2 levels and executive function. Fisher's exact test showed a significant relationship between gender and education with executive function. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis identified education level as a predictor of executive dysfunction. Conclusion: Serum NRF2 levels were not correlated with executive dysfunction. Educational level was identified as a predictive factor for executive dysfunction.
Co-Authors Abtartu, Lalu Hizrian Adhima, Daffa Aulia Faza Agistany, Nur Feby Febiana Alamanda, Baiq Irzana Putri Amalia, Azka Amaliya, Annisa Risqi Amanullah, Mohammad Sany Rosafi Amatullah, Tazkiyah Arafah Ammar Rusydi, Muhammad Ananta, Muhammad Naufal Farras andi, Silmi chairan Andiyani, Dinda Zahra Putri Angelina, Varelia Anggoro, Joko Annafi, Muhammad Ibnu Annisa, Wardha Novia Aryasta, Ida Bagus Putra Bayu Atari, Sicillia Putri Atmaja, I Made Brama Aulia, Siti Zahroni Bharata, Irsyadina Hasana Binti Amir, Nurul Aulia Briliansy, Briliansy Dewi Suryani Dewi, Putri Krishna Kumara Diatmika, I Putu Dini Suryani, Dini Dirja, Bayu Tirta Dwi Febrian, Haldy Faizah, Lillah Farobbi, Muhammad Iqbal Fauzi, Yanuar Rahmat Febianisa, Tabitha Afifah Fesmia, Herodya Lajunee Fitriantoro, Santo Fitroningtyas, Elvika Aulia Gea, Endah Irnanda Ulfa Ginuluh, Gintis Dhimar Hadinata, Lalu Gde Gilang Alid Hasin, Raisya Helmiana, Putri Fatimah Herpan Syafii Harahap Hidayati, Eriska Humam, Anang Muh Naufal Ilham, M. Arya Rifqi Ilham, Muhammad Arya Rifqi Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila Indrayana, Yanna Ismiana, Baiq Holisatul Jacob, Lusye Diana Jayawardhana, I Ketut Wisnuaji Justitia, Ica Kamila, Alya Syafa Kamilah, Nilam Nurmilatun Khairifathiyyah, Khairifathiyyah Khaula Karima kholida, Baiq Hilya Krisna , I Gusti Lanang Kurniawan, Theophany Margareta Kusumadewi, Rima Cahyati Kuta, Putu Cicilia Rarasati Landapa, Raditya Rachman Lasmi, Anjely Doni Lazuardi Arsy, Lazuardi Lestari, Diayanti Tenti Maharani, Baiq Nadya Putri Maulida, Rizka Ayu Miraditi, Ni Komang Moestafa, Rizka Febriya Mutiara Syifa, R.R. Ditya Ni Nyoman Ayu, Susilawati Nisa Isneni Hanifa Nugraha, Gede Rama Hardy Nuralyza, Imasayu Nurhayati, Putri Nurhidayati Nurhidayati Ocktaviana Saputri, Legis Padma Puspita, Ni Made Sri Paerdoe, Lalu Dane Pemban Pambudi, Balqis Prudena Kurnia Paradhini, Tri Sastra Paradiesta, Andi Frieskha Naurah Pramudia, Prananda Rizki Pratiwi, Rukmanggana Satya Prawira, I Nyoman Dio Yudha Primayanti , Ika Primayanti, Ika Puspasari Mahadewi, Ni Made Putri, Atina Rizki Putri, Siti Noururrifqiyati Juna Qindi, Ahmad Sa’bi Al Qomala, Dianing Aluh Rabsanjani, Rabsanjani Rahmadini, Nasyada Fadhila Rahmat, Dwi Ramzi, Ali Rian Pramudya Riantiani, Baiq Prita Rifansha, Muhammad Ghifari Rivarti, Arina Windri Rosyidi, Rohadi Muhammad Rusdi, Yudika Ilhami Safitri, Nasywa Aulia Sahidu, Muhammad Ghalvan Salsabila, Rika Kamila Sapta Wardhani, Indah Saputri, Legis Octaviana Saraswati, Ni Wayan Citra Ayu Sepestian, Ghina Shadrina Rienti Setyawati, Indri Setyo Pambudi , Arif Shafitri, Shira Shalsabina Sugiono, Muhammad Rafly Adrian Suryani, ⁠Dini Teguh Budi Wicaksono Ulfa Gea, Indah Ernanda Untari, Lania Pradiva Wahyu Maharani, Amelia Wardi, Baiq Prita Riantiani Wardi, Bq. Prita Riantiani Widad, Najwa Wiracakra, I Gusti Lanang Krisna Wulandari, Inayah Yulianti, Arwinda Febri Zubaidi, Fitriannisa Faradina