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Utomo, Jepri
Universitas Madako Tolitoli
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Journal : Empiricism Journal

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Besiru: Studi Internalisasi Resiprositas Komunitas Petani Tembakau Berbasis Kearifan Lokal di Desa Ganti, Lombok Tengah Adhi, Rakhmat Nur; Sumitro, Sumitro; Utomo, Jepri; Febriani, Haniza
Empiricism Journal Vol. 6 No. 4: December 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (LITPAM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/8znx6q35

Abstract

Besiru merupakan tradisi gotong royong masyarakat Sasak yang berlandaskan prinsip saling membantu tanpa imbalan, dan hingga kini tetap hidup sebagai bagian penting dari kearifan lokal agraris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk dan mekanisme praktik Besiru serta proses internalisasi nilai-nilai resiprositas pada komunitas petani tembakau di Desa Ganti, Lombok Tengah. Letak kebaruan penelitian ini adalah dengan menempatkan analisis tindakan sosial, nilai moral, dan struktur kesadaran para petani sebagai basis yang menghidupkan praktik besiru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode fenomenologi melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi terhadap enam informan kunci, meliputi petani tembakau, pengurus kelompok tani, dan tokoh desa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik Besiru dilaksanakan secara bergiliran pada seluruh tahapan pertanian tembakau dari penyiapan lahan, penanaman, perawatan, panen, hingga pengolahan hasil dengan dasar kepercayaan sosial (trust), rasa malu (isin), dan tanggung jawab moral. Nilai-nilai utama yang terkandung di dalamnya meliputi gotong royong, resiprositas, solidaritas, dan keadilan. Proses internalisasi nilai Besiru berlangsung melalui sosialisasi primer di keluarga dan sosialisasi sekunder dalam komunitas petani yang memperkuat identitas sosial dan moral masyarakat. Simpulan penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa Besiru bukan sekadar praktik tradisional, melainkan sistem sosial yang memadukan dimensi ekonomi, sosial, dan spiritual, serta berfungsi menjaga kohesi dan ketahanan komunitas petani di tengah perubahan ekonomi modern. Besiru: A Study of the Internalization of Reciprocity in Tobacco Farming Communities Based on Local Wisdom in Ganti Village, Central Lombok   Abstract Besiru is a tradition of mutual cooperation among the Sasak people based on the principle of mutual assistance without reward, and remains alive today as an important part of local agrarian wisdom. This study aims to analyze the forms and mechanisms of Besiru practices and the process of internalizing reciprocity values in the tobacco farming community in Ganti Village, Central Lombok. The novelty of this study lies in placing the analysis of social actions, moral values, and the structure of farmers' consciousness as the basis that brings the besiru practice to life. This study uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation with six key informants, including tobacco farmers, farmer group administrators, and village leaders. The results show that Besiru practices are carried out in turns at all stages of tobacco farming from land preparation, planting, maintenance, harvesting, to processing products based on social trust (trust), shame (isin), and moral responsibility. The main values contained in it include mutual cooperation, reciprocity, solidarity, and justice. The internalization of Besiru values occurs through primary socialization within the family and secondary socialization within the farming community, which strengthens the community's social and moral identity. The conclusion of this study confirms that Besiru is not simply a traditional practice, but rather a social system that integrates economic, social, and spiritual dimensions and serves to maintain the cohesion and resilience of farming communities amidst modern economic changes.
Co-Authors Aagin Artama Musa, Lalu Abd Halim Abdad, Wajdi Abdul Hafid Abdullah, Subhan Adam Kamal , Alabani Adhi, Rakhmat Nur Adys, Himaya Praptani Agung Firmansyah Agustang, Andi Ainushofa, Ilmi Akbar, Ahmad Naufal Amrul Amrul Andi Muh Akbar Saputra Andriya Risdwiyanto Anggoro Dwi Cahyo Aniati Anas Arief Yanto Rukmana Arif Hidayat Arif Saefudin Arlin Adam, Arlin Arlini , Lidya Arsyad, Nursyam Aryo De Wibowo Astuti, Dian Ayi Abdurahman Burhan Burhan Dito Anurogo Farhan Ferian Farwita, Syurwana Febriani, Haniza Firman Agil, Wahyu Hadi, Mr. Samsul Hafiza, Nuril Hairil Wadi Hamidsyukrie ZM Hamran , Hamran hana, Hana Maulida Safitri Hegar Harini HENDRA GUNAWAN B11211055 Hestie Ariestina Hikmah, Nurul Hikmah HUSNUL KHOTIMAH I Putu Agus Dharma Hita Ibadurrahman , Ibadurrahman Ibadurrahman Ibadurrahman Ihsan, Andi Iklima Inayatul Mutmainnah Inggrid L, Grita Iriani, Nisma Ismail Ismail Iwan Ramadhan Izhar Salim Johana Nahuway Juliana Jusniati Kamalia, Ulfi Kamaruddin, Syamsu Kamaruddin, Syamsu Andi Kamisa, Feni Aprilia Kurnia, Ady Laili Savitri Noor Loso Judijanto Lukis Alam Maria Ulfa Marlina Marlina Marzuki Marzuki Masyhuri Masyhuri Masyhuri Masyhuri, Zilly Arsyika Maulana, Muhammad Rizky Maulida Afriani, Sukma Mayasari Mayasari, Mayasari Mila Noviana, Mila Misbahul Munir MS Viktor Purhanudin Muhammad Ilyas Muhammad Syukur Mukhtar, Afiah Mutmainnah, Inayatul Ni Made Novi Suryanti Nur Adhi, Rakhmat Nur Hafiz, Alfi Nur Syariatin Nursida, Andi Purwaningsih - Rismar Julia Rohman, Prabu Rosyidah, Feryna Nur Rustiyarso . Salehuddin, Salehuddin Sanikurniati, Baiq Sarilah Sarilah Sa’adah, Wardhatul Sembiring, Rinawati Shermina Oruh Siti Chadijah Siti Chadijah Siti Saniah, Siti Sri Sudaryati Sri, Sri Wahyuni Suaebah Suhaeb, Firdaus W Sukardi Sukardi Sulistyo Andarmoyo Sumitro Sumitro , Sumitro Sumitro Sumitro Suprapto Suprapto Suroso Suroso Suud Suud Suud, Suud Syam, Andi Zulitsnayarti Mardhani Syariatin, Nur Tamher, Fatmah W. TEGUH ARIFIANTO, TEGUH Tri Velyna Wadi, Hairil Wahyu Febrianti, Duwiq Widi, Widiyanti Wira Parawangsa wira Yanti, Febi Yuli Rohmiyati Yuli Rohmiyati Zahraini, Yuliana ZM, Hamidsyukrie Zulvia, Ridho