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Development and Empirical Evaluation of a Gamification-Driven Learning Model for Digital Native Learners in Higher Education: The CIRCUS Framework Nursetyo, Kunto Imbar; Situmorang, Robinson; Kusumawardani, Dwi
Tadris: Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Tarbiyah Vol 11 No 1 (2026): Tadris: Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Tarbiyah
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/tadris.v11i1.28982

Abstract

This study aimed to develop and empirically evaluate a gamification-driven learning model designed to address the learning characteristics of digital native students in higher education. Despite the growing body of evidence supporting gamification as a pedagogical strategy, most implementations remain fragmented and lack a structured instructional design framework, representing a critical gap in the literature. This research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach to design and validate an instructional model called CIRCUS, comprising six systematic stages: Consider Needs, Inspect Content, Regulate Objective, Construct Prototype, Utilize Prototype, and Summing-Up. The study involved three panels of participants: three Educational Technology experts who evaluated model validity, eighteen university lecturers who assessed model practicality, and 62 undergraduate students from Universitas Negeri Jakarta who participated in a field trial across Big Data and Programming courses. Validity was assessed using Aiken's V index, yielding an average of 0.87, which exceeds the minimum threshold of 0.80 and confirms strong expert agreement on the model's syntactic and conceptual coherence. Practicality was assessed through a 5-point Likert scale survey, with lecturers awarding an average score of 85%, categorized as very practical. The gamification product integrated into the Learning Management System was validated as feasible by content and media experts. The field trial demonstrated a statistically meaningful improvement in student learning achievement, increasing from a mean of 68% prior to implementation to 82% following the intervention, yielding a normalized gain of 0.44 (medium category). Furthermore, 89% of students earned all five available achievement badges and 94% completed the instructional game embedded in the system. These findings suggest that a structured, theoretically grounded gamification framework can meaningfully enhance engagement, participation, and academic performance among digital native learners. The CIRCUS model represents a replicable instructional design contribution that integrates gamification principles with established pedagogical objectives.
Development of a Microlearning-Based Instructional Model for Higher Education: The MICROS Framework Widyaningrum, Retno; Situmorang, Robinson; Sukardjo, Mochammad
Tadris: Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Tarbiyah Vol 11 No 1 (2026): Tadris: Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Tarbiyah
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/tadris.v11i1.28947

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a microlearning-based instructional model, termed MICROS (Microlearning Systematic Operational Steps), to support structured, pedagogically grounded learning processes in higher education. The development process integrated the Dick and Carey instructional design framework with the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) to produce a systematic model that guides educators in designing, implementing, and evaluating microlearning-based courses. The model was developed within the context of the Perception and Message Design course at a public university in Indonesia. A formative evaluation was conducted involving four domain experts: two instructional design experts, one media expert, and one material expert. Evaluation instruments employed a Likert-scale questionnaire assessing multiple dimensions, including instructional coherence, digital media integration, content quality, assessment design, flexibility, and accessibility. Results indicate that the MICROS model achieved high feasibility ratings across all expert evaluations. The first instructional design expert assigned a score of 60 out of 60 (Very Good), the media expert scored 60 out of 60 (Very Good), and the material expert scored 45 out of 45 (Very Good), while the second instructional design expert assigned a score of 42 out of 60 (Good). The MICROS model offers a structured six-stage instructional sequence — Map, Identify, Create, Respond, Operate, and Summarise — that systematically integrates microlearning principles with established instructional design processes. The model supports Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) by promoting equitable access to quality higher education through flexible, technology-enabled learning environments. These findings suggest that the MICROS framework is a feasible, theoretically grounded approach to implementing microlearning in higher education contexts.
Co-Authors Aan Subhan Pamungkas Akbar, Makruf Akhsan, Ibnu Nur AMINAH Andayani Andayani Andayani Andy Ahmad Anis Chaeruman, Uwes Auliya Naimah Azrai, Eka Putri Baeng, Benediktus Bahar Bahar, Bahar Basuki Wibawa Beatrix J.M Salenussa Benediktus Risaldo Baeng Billy Tantono Carlia Isneniwati Cecep Kusmana Cecep Kustandi Cicilia Setyowati Diana Ariani Dwi Kusumawardani Dwi Kusumawardani Ega Devianti Elliana Gautama Eveline Siregar Eveline Siregar Eveline, Siregar Faizal Achyar Febri Dwi Prasasti Gafur, Abd Handayani, Dwi Maria Hartati Muchtar Hartati Mucthar Haryadi, Rudi Hendar Ahmad Wibisono Hendri Eka Jaya Putra Hendro Setiadi Wiguna Imam Fitri Rahmadi Ina Magdalena Indah Murtini Indah Murtini Indah Puspita Sari Indah Puspita Sari Indina Tarjiah Ira Fauziah Iriani, Tuti Irwan Bakhti Jaminuddin Marbun Jhoni Lagun Siang Kandriasari, Annis Khaerudin Khaerudin - Khaerudin, Khaerudin Kunto Imbar Nursetyo Kunto Imbar Nursetyo Kusumawardani, Dwi Laila Nasyaliyah Lastiar Roselyna Sitompul Litha Kusuma Wardhani M Syarif Sumantri Madjid, Ahmad Zulfa Musyaffa Mahadewi, Luh Putu Putrini Maharani Murti, Shinta Maria Dissriany Vista Banggur Marsofiyati Marsofiyati Maruf Akbar Maudiarti, Santi Mita Septiani Mite, Agustina Dede Moch Sukardjo Muchlas Suseno Muhammad Fatih Abiyyu Muhammad Japar Mulyadi Murni Winarsih Muslim, Suyitno Naimah, Auliya Nasution, Emmi Rahmiwita Nelly NI GUSTI AYU MADE YENI LESTARI, NI GUSTI AYU MADE YENI Niken Pratiwi Novi Alifah, Yumna Nurfauzia Heryuliandini Nursetyo, Kunto Imbar Ovi Monita Pratiwi, Khairunnisa Hanan Purnamawati, Evi R.A Murti Kusuma Wirasti R.A. Hirmana W. Rachmadi, Pratiwi Rafika Nurmala Santi Rahmasari, Anggraeni Rahmat, Stephanus Turibius Rahmat, Stephanus Turibus Refgiufi Patria Avrianto Reni Dwi Jayanti RESTI UTAMI Retno Widyaningrum Retno Widyaningrum, Retno Rezki Fajriannoor Ria Asep Sumarni, Ria Asep Richardus Eko Indrajit Rita Mulyani Ritonga, Rudi Rosnaningsih, Asih Rudi Ritonga Rusmono - Saputra, Nisvu Nanda Sera, Marianus A.G Siregar, Eveline Siregar, Syawal Amry Solihatin, Etin Solihatin, Etin Sunyoto Sunyoto Suprayekti Suprayekti Suprayekti Suryo Prabowo, Suryo Suyitno Muslim Suyitno Muslim Syahrial, Zulfiati Syifatania, Maharani Tammu, Reisky Megawati Tuti Iriani Tuti, Iriani Varian Fauzan Widoro, Ego Wita Puspitasari Yuliani Nurani Zulela Ms Zulfiati Syahrial