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Rekonstruksi Norma Hukum Pengambilan Keputusan Medis Pada Bayi Periviabilitas: Perspektif Filsafat Hukum Dan Hak Asasi Manusia Di Indonesia Albert Prasetya; Zainal Arifin Hoesein
Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Hukum & Politik Vol 4 No 2 (2026): 2026
Publisher : Yayasan pendidikan dzurriyatul Quran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61104/alz.v4i2.4617

Abstract

Kemajuan teknologi perawatan intensif neonatal telah menggeser batas ambang viabilitas janin, sehingga bayi periviabilitas yang lahir pada usia kehamilan 22–25 minggu memiliki peluang untuk bertahan hidup. Namun, kondisi ini diiringi oleh tingginya risiko morbiditas jangka panjang dan ketidakpastian prognosis, yang menimbulkan dilema etik dan persoalan hukum dalam pengambilan keputusan medis. Di Indonesia, belum terdapat pengaturan hukum yang secara khusus mengatur tata laksana dan mekanisme pengambilan keputusan medis terhadap bayi periviabilitas, sehingga menimbulkan kekosongan norma (rechtvacuüm) dan ketidakpastian hukum bagi tenaga medis dan orang tua. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengambilan keputusan medis terhadap bayi periviabilitas dari perspektif filsafat hukum dan hak asasi manusia, serta merumuskan konstruksi norma hukum yang berkeadilan dalam sistem hukum kesehatan Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Analisis dilakukan melalui kajian dilema etik-medis dan perspektif teori keadilan, hukum alam, dan utilitarianisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hak hidup bayi periviabilitas tidak dapat dipahami secara absolut sebagai kewajiban mempertahankan kehidupan biologis semata, melainkan harus ditempatkan dalam kerangka keadilan, rasionalitas, dan proporsionalitas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini merekomendasikan rekonstruksi norma hukum yang menekankan pengaturan prosedural pengambilan keputusan medis, penguatan mekanisme shared decision making, serta perlindungan hukum bagi tenaga medis dan orang tua guna mewujudkan kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia secara seimbang.
Understanding The Ruling Of The Constitutional Court No: 90/PUU-XXI/2023 From A Civil Law And Common Law Perspective Endro Satoto; Zainal Arifin Hoesein
Jurnal Hukum dan Sosial Politik Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Februari: Jurnal Hukum dan Sosial Politik
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59581/jhsp-widyakarya.v2i1.2112

Abstract

To ensure legal certainty in a country, various countries in the world have different legal systems which are acclimated to the needs and characteristics of each country. In general, two legal systems are commonly applied, namely the civil law legal system and the common law legal system. The civil law system is a legal system that originates from mainland Europe and is based on Roman law with the main characteristic being the existence of a codification system of the main legal principles. The three primary features of civil law legal systems are codification, non-precedential judges, and an inquisitorial judiciary. Meanwhile, the common law system is a system that refers to customs in England that are not written down and which through judge decisions are then made legally binding. The choice of the legal system will affect the preparation of legal products and the results decided. The choice of legal system significantly impacts legal products produced, whether regulations or jurisprudence. Indonesia's recent Constitutional Court verdict (90/PUU-XXI/2023) is raising concerns over its legitimacy and potential impact on the country's legal framework. Further analysis and scrutiny are necessary.
Combating Corruption in Indonesia from a Legal Philosophy Perspective Rossa Purbo Bekti; Asep Guntur Rahayu; Zainal Arifin Hoesein
International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): June: International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice
Publisher : Asosiasi Penelitian dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62951/ijlcj.v3i2.993

Abstract

Corruption is a product of the lifestyle of a group of people who use money as a measure of truth and as absolute power. Corruption has been going on for a long time, since the time of Ancient Egypt, Babylon, Rome through the Middle Ages and until now. The purpose of this study is to understand the eradication of corruption and law enforcement from the perspective of legal philosophy as the philosophy of implementing positive law in Indonesia. This research is a normative legal research with a descriptive method which explains that this legal research is conducted using primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. Legal Philosophy, which is the basic foundation of thinking in the application of applicable legal rules and is considered in many branches of science, receives special attention in law enforcement against corruption that must be carried out in eradicating corruption so that law enforcement is not only based on written rules, but corruption eradication also drives law enforcement. In law enforcement against corruption, written laws can be regulated, but these rules can be implemented by the implementers so that when the rules are applied when criminal acts of corruption occur, the rules can be in accordance with what has been written in the law and regulations.
Existential Study of Article 44 of The KPK Law on Legal Certainty After The Issuance of Law Number 20 Of 2025 Asep Guntur Rahayu; Rossa Purbo Bekti; Zainal Arifin Hoesein
International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): June: International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice
Publisher : Asosiasi Penelitian dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62951/ijlcj.v3i2.994

Abstract

Corruption is a product of the lifestyle of a group of people who use money as a measure of truth and as absolute power. Corruption has been going on for a long time, since the time of Ancient Egypt, Babylon, Rome to the Middle Ages and until now. The purpose of this study is to understand the eradication of corruption and law enforcement from the perspective of legal philosophy as the philosophy of implementing positive law in Indonesia. This research is a normative legal research with a descriptive method which explains that this legal research is conducted using primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. Legal Philosophy, which is the basic foundation of thinking in the application of applicable legal rules and is considered in many branches of science, receives special attention in law enforcement against corruption that must be carried out in eradicating corruption so that law enforcement is not only based on written rules, but corruption eradication also drives law enforcement. In law enforcement against corruption, written laws can be regulated, but these rules can be implemented by the implementers so that when the rules are applied when criminal acts of corruption occur, the rules can be in accordance with what has been written in the law and regulations.
Child Criminality Under Algorithmic Colonization for Digital Existence Beby Savitri; Zainal Arifin Hoesein; Alfin Suherman
International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): June: International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice
Publisher : Asosiasi Penelitian dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62951/ijlcj.v3i2.995

Abstract

The rapid development of technology has trapped children within the vortex of social media algorithms that encourage criminal acts in pursuit of digital existence. This study aims to analyze the philosophical roots of the shifting legal awareness of children through a confrontation between Jeremy Bentham’s theory of Utilitarianism and Jean Baudrillard’s theory of Hyperreality. Employing a doctrinal legal research method with conceptual and legal philosophical approaches, this article examines how social media algorithms based on the competition for public attention have created a space of simulacra. Within Baudrillard’s condition of hyperreality, children live in an artificial reality that is perceived as more real than the physical world, causing moral and legal boundaries to become blurred. This condition ultimately distorts Bentham’s hedonistic calculus within children; the desire to seek pleasure in the form of instant validation, likes, and digital recognition surpasses their rational awareness of pain in the form of threats of criminal sanctions. This study concludes that child criminality in the digital era is not merely a violation of conventional legal norms but rather a consequence of the “colonization” of algorithms that weakens children’s normative legal awareness. This philosophical understanding is essential as an initial foundation in formulating future directions for regulatory reform on child protection and legal education.
FILSAFAT HUKUM DI ERA KECERDASAN BUATAN: MENELAAH KEMBALI KONSEP REALITAS, NORMA, DAN KODE DALAM KERANGKA TIGA DUNIA KARL POPPER Rusdi; Muh Rustiawan Ardiansyah; Zainal Arifin Hoesein
Integrative Perspectives of Social and Science Journal Vol. 3 No. 06 Juni (2026): Integrative Perspectives of Social and Science Journal
Publisher : PT Wahana Global Education

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Abstract

Perkembangan kecerdasan buatan (AI) yang semakin masif telah mengguncang fondasi-fondasi konseptual filsafat hukum, terutama dalam hal pemahaman tentang realitas, norma, dan subjek hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah kembali konsep-konsep dasar filsafat hukum (realitas, norma, dan kode) melalui lensa kerangka Tiga Dunia Karl Popper, serta merumuskan kerangka filsafat hukum yang responsif terhadap era kecerdasan buatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan filosofis, konseptual, dan kasus, yang dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui metode interpretasi, analisis konseptual, dan hermeneutika. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara ontologis, AI merupakan entitas lintas-dunia yang eksis di World 1 (fisik) dan mencipta objek di World 3 (produk pikiran), namun tidak memiliki World 2 (kesadaran subjektif), sehingga AI tidak dapat dikualifikasi sebagai subjek hukum atau agen moral dalam pengertian klasik. Secara normatif, munculnya ”hukum kode” (algoritma) menantang diferensiasi Popper antara hukum alam dan hukum normatif, karena kode bersifat deterministik dan preemtif. Secara aksiologis, penggunaan AI dalam sistem hukum menghadirkan ketegangan antara efisiensi dan nilai-nilai keadilan, dengan risiko diskriminasi algoritmik yang mengancam moralitas internal hukum. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perluasan ontologi Popperian melalui gagasan ”Dunia Keempat” sebagai ranah digital dan algoritmik, penerapan prinsip transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan proporsionalitas, serta reformulasi konsep subjek hukum dan tanggung jawab yang tetap berpusat pada manusia (human-centered AI).
KONSEP MORALITAS INTERNAL LON L. FULLER DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN DAERAH YANG RESPONSIF Muh Rustiawan Ardiansyah; Rusdi; Zainal Arifin Hoesein
Integrative Perspectives of Social and Science Journal Vol. 3 No. 06 Juni (2026): Integrative Perspectives of Social and Science Journal
Publisher : PT Wahana Global Education

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Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji konsep moralitas internal Lon L. Fuller dan relevansinya terhadap pembentukan peraturan daerah yang responsif di Indonesia. Peraturan daerah sebagai instrumen otonomi daerah seringkali menghadapi tantangan berupa minimnya partisipasi publik, inkonsistensi regulasi, dan kecenderungan represif yang menjadikan perda tidak aspiratif terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat lokal. Penelitian hukum normatif ini menggunakan pendekatan filsafat hukum dengan bahan hukum primer berupa karya utama Fuller The Morality of Law serta bahan hukum sekunder yang membahas pemikiran Fuller dan teori hukum responsif dari Nonet dan Selznick. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedelapan prinsip legalitas Fuller (generality, promulgation, prospectivity, clarity, non-contradiction, possibility of compliance, constancy, dan congruence) menyediakan kerangka prosedural yang menjadi prasyarat bagi terwujudnya perda yang responsif. Implementasi moralitas internal dalam pembentukan perda di Indonesia diwujudkan melalui naskah akademik yang komprehensif, partisipasi publik yang bermakna, harmonisasi regulasi yang konsisten, serta kesesuaian antara aturan dan implementasinya.
Strengthening Criminal Law Enforcement Against Forest and Land Fires Based on Sustainable Development Goals to Realize Sustainable Environmental Protection Tricho Dike Fierrera; Sunardi Sunardi; Zainal Arifin Hoesein
International Journal of Sociology and Law Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): August: International Journal of Sociology and Law
Publisher : Asosiasi Penelitian dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62951/ijsl.v3i3.1008

Abstract

Forest and land fires remain a major environmental challenge in Indonesia, causing significant impacts on ecosystems, public health, the economy, and sustainable development. Although various regulations, including Law Number 41 of 1999, Law Number 32 of 2009, and Law Number 18 of 2013, have been enacted, recurring fires indicate that the primary issue lies in the effectiveness of criminal law enforcement rather than the absence of legal instruments. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of criminal law enforcement against forest and land fires and formulate strategies to strengthen enforcement based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches through the analysis of relevant legislation and court decisions. The findings reveal that law enforcement remains constrained by weak supervision, difficulties in proving environmental crimes, limited inter-agency coordination, and ineffective corporate criminal liability. Strengthening enforcement requires regulatory harmonization, improved use of science- and technology-based evidence, stronger institutional coordination, and integration of sustainable development principles into law enforcement policies. These measures are expected to enhance environmental protection, deter offenders, and support the achievement of the SDGs, particularly in ecosystem conservation, climate action, and institutional accountability.
The Boundaries of Criminal Liability of Cooperative Management and Cooperatives as Corporations in Corruption Crimes M. Irwan Susanto; Hendro Widodo; Zainal Arifin Hoesein
International Journal of Sociology and Law Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): August: International Journal of Sociology and Law
Publisher : Asosiasi Penelitian dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62951/ijsl.v3i3.1009

Abstract

The increasing incidence of corruption in the cooperative sector demonstrates that cooperatives are not only vehicles for community economic empowerment but may also be used to facilitate abuses of authority that cause state financial losses. This situation raises legal uncertainty regarding the division of criminal liability between cooperative management as individual offenders and cooperatives as corporate entities. This study aims to analyze the regulation of criminal liability for both legal subjects, identify the limits of their respective responsibilities, and formulate legal parameters for determining criminal accountability in corruption cases. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, case, and comparative approaches through the analysis of legislation, court decisions, and legal doctrines. The findings reveal that existing regulations do not clearly distinguish the criminal liability of cooperative management and cooperatives as corporations. Management is held liable when corruption involves abuse of authority, intent, or personal benefit, whereas cooperatives may be held liable if the offense results from organizational policies, benefits the corporation, or reflects failures in internal supervision. Clearer legal parameters are essential to strengthen legal certainty and promote more effective, proportional, and equitable law enforcement in combating corruption within the cooperative sector.
Strengthening Law Enforcement Against Illegal Coal Mining Based on Sustainable Development Goals to Achieve Sustainable Mining Governance in Indonesia Sunardi Sunardi; Tricho Dike Fierrera; Zainal Arifin Hoesein
International Journal of Sociology and Law Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): August: International Journal of Sociology and Law
Publisher : Asosiasi Penelitian dan Pengajar Ilmu Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62951/ijsl.v3i3.1010

Abstract

Coal mining is a strategic sector that plays an important role in promoting national economic growth and increasing state revenue. However, illegal coal mining practices remain a serious problem as they cause environmental damage, state economic losses, social conflicts, and hinder the realization of sustainable mining governance. Existing law enforcement efforts have not fully provided a deterrent effect due to weak supervision, limited inter-agency coordination, and the suboptimal implementation of legal provisions in the mining sector. This condition indicates the need to strengthen law enforcement approaches that are not only oriented toward imposing sanctions but are also aligned with the principles of sustainable development as reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study aims to analyze the regulation and implementation of law enforcement against illegal coal mining in Indonesia, identify factors affecting the effectiveness of law enforcement, and formulate a concept for strengthening SDG-based law enforcement to achieve sustainable mining governance. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Legal materials were obtained through a literature study of relevant laws and regulations, court decisions, and scientific literature, which were then analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study indicate that strengthening law enforcement needs to be carried out through regulatory harmonization, optimization of supervision, improvement of inter-agency coordination, implementation of proportional and consistent sanctions, and integration of SDG principles into mining policies. These efforts are expected to establish fair coal mining governance, provide legal certainty, protect the environment, and support sustainable national development.
Co-Authors Abdul Kadir Adillah Yuswanti Agus Dastam Albert Prasetya Alfin Suherman Amstono, Indra Lutrianto Andin Wisnu Sudibyo Anugrah Pratama Apri Aji Setyawan Arif, Firman Arifudin Arifudin Aryanti, Meryy Asep Guntur Rahayu Bahrul Ulum Barthos, Megawati Beby Savitri Biem Triani Benjamin Bratajaya, Maria Magdalena Astrina Chandra, Joemarthine Dedy Cahyadi, Dedy Desman, Yose Dicki Agri Kurniawan Donny Widianto EDI SARWONO Effendi, Lutfi Endro Satoto Erikha, Annisa Fathony, Muhamad Ferianasari, Ineke Winda Fernando, Agung Fonda, Hanif Hamdi, Muhammad Arief Hardinata N, Anggiat Ris Harry Pasaribu, Fajar Ronal Hasmida Hutagalung, Tiur Hendro Widodo Hermawan, Didy Herni zubir Ichsan Maulana Iwansyah, Iwansyah Kartika, Ade Netra Karyono Karyono Lindri Purbowati M. Irwan Susanto Mangunsong, Togi Maruhum Marnija, Marnija Marquez, Neilpon Yulinar Marwa, Soffa Meida Rachmawati Meidiawaty, Fusia Muchtarom, Achmad Muh Rustiawan Ardiansyah Muhammad Halim, Muhammad Mustopa Mustopa Nasution, Izhar Zahri Noval, Cepi Nur Setiawan, Dwi Opsunggu, Eben Patar Pambudi, Pambudi Paputungan, Merdiansa Patar Opsunggu, Eben Petra Rebecca Pariela, Eunike Praja, Nucky Indra Prasetyo, Rahmad Purwanti, Nina Rafi Akbar Wirawansyah rahardja, satria dwie Rahardjo, Anthony Ramlan, H. Relita Fitri, Selvi Ridwan Anthony Taufan Riyandra, Reza Rochmadi Rochmadi Rohmad Adi Yulianto Rossa Purbo Bekti Rusdi Safriansyah Yanwar Rosyadi Sagalane, Andra Bani Saleh, Abdurrahman Saputra, Firman Sari, Amalia Sebastian, Rommy Setyawati, Niken Budi Siagian, Royan Sihotang, Muhenri Sumartono Sumartono sunardi sunardi Susi Dian Rahayu Syahputra, M. Arif Syamsiar, Syamsiar Tricho Dike Fierrera Wibisono, Sonny Wicaksono, Anggi Wiweka Wiweka Yuliana Kemalasari, Ni Putu Yuwono, M. Sunandar Zulkarnain, Hadi