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Restorative Justice in the Digital Era: Criminal Law Mediation Through Online Platforms Saida Flora, Henny; Aspan, Henry
Ipso Jure Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025): Ipso Jure - July
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/mb21wr19

Abstract

The paradigm transformation of criminal law enforcement from a retributive to a restorative approach reflects a response to the weaknesses of the conventional justice system that is rigid, slow, and lacks space for victim recovery. Restorative justice (RJ), as a dialogue-based and reconciliation-based approach, has been accommodated in Indonesian law through the SPPA Law and several other administrative regulations. However, the adoption of this approach in general criminal cases and its implementation online still faces serious legal challenges. This study uses a normative juridical method to examine the urgency of regulating digital-based criminal mediation (restorative justice digital/RJD) within the framework of the national criminal law system. The study focused on the limitations of the applicable positive law, the validity of the results of online mediation, the protection of personal data, and the potential for inequality of access for vulnerable groups. The findings show that without comprehensive and integrative regulation with the principle of due process of law, the implementation of the RJD risks violating constitutional rights and undermining the legitimacy of restorative justice itself. Therefore, it is necessary to synchronize criminal law norms, procedural law, the ITE Law, and the PDP Law to form an adaptive, inclusive, and accountable legal framework. The RJD can be a strategic innovation in criminal law reform, as long as it is carried out with legal certainty and strong human rights protection
Viral Justice: The Influence of Social Media Culture on the Independence of Law Enforcement Flora, Henny Saida; Taqyuddin Kadir
Ipso Jure Vol. 2 No. 12 (2026): Ipso Jure - January
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/fk6r6q02

Abstract

Social media culture has transformed the digital public sphere and significantly influenced law enforcement practices in Indonesia. The phenomenon of viral justice demonstrates how legal processes are increasingly exposed to public opinion pressure generated through online virality, functioning as a form of non-formal intervention beyond established legal mechanisms. This study aims to examine the impact of social media culture on the independence of law enforcement and its normative implications for the rule of law and due process of law. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The findings reveal that normative ambiguity within existing regulations has resulted in the absence of clear boundaries between digital freedom of expression and the protection of fair judicial processes. Consequently, law enforcement officials face reputational pressures that may shift decision-making from legal reasoning toward popularity-based responsiveness. This condition threatens judicial independence, undermines legal certainty, and creates unequal treatment between viral and non-viral cases. The study underscores the urgent need for explicit legal norms and strengthened institutional ethics to maintain a balance between digital freedoms and the integrity of the rule of law in the social media era.
The Urgency of Implementing Restorative Justice in Handling Juvenile Crime: A Study of The Principles of Humanity And Justice Flora, Henny Saida
Ipso Jure Vol. 2 No. 10 (2025)
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/ij.v2i10.56

Abstract

This article examines the urgency of implementing restorative justice in handling juvenile crime by analysing the principles of humanity and justice that should guide child-centered legal processes. Using a normative juridical method combined with conceptual and comparative analysis, the study demonstrates that punitive criminal justice responses are incompatible with the developmental characteristics and human dignity of children. Restorative justice offers a more appropriate framework by emphasizing harm repair, accountability, dialogue, and reintegration. The findings reveal significant structural barriers to implementation in Indonesia, including limited facilitator capacity, inadequate victim support, fragmented inter-agency coordination, socio-economic disparities, and persistent punitive cultural attitudes. The article argues that meaningful restorative justice requires clear legal guidelines, standardized procedures, institutional training, community engagement, and integrated social support services addressing the root causes of juvenile offending. Strengthening restorative justice is imperative to ensure that children in conflict with the law are treated with dignity, fairness, and proportionality. The study offers policy recommendations to embed restorative principles in national justice systems, making juvenile handling more humane, equitable, and effective
The Urgency of Implementing Restorative Justice in Handling Juvenile Crime: A Study of the Principles of Humanity and Justice Saida Flora, Henny; Paminto, Saptaning Ruju; Salmon, Harly Clifford Jonas
Ipso Jure Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): Ipso Jure - April
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/fv0gj232

Abstract

Crimes committed by juveniles are a serious problem that requires comprehensive handling, prioritizing the principles of humanity and justice. The conventional retributive approach to criminal law is considered inappropriate for the characteristics of adolescent psychological development and their rehabilitation needs. This article aims to examine the urgency of implementing restorative justice in handling juvenile crime in Indonesia from the perspective of humanity and justice. The research method used is normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The results of the study indicate that restorative justice provides a more humane framework for resolution because it prioritizes restoring relationships between perpetrators, victims, and the community, rather than simply retaliation. This approach aligns with Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, which prioritizes diversion and the best interests of children. The application of restorative justice has been proven to reduce recidivism rates, encourage perpetrator responsibility, and restore victims' dignity more effectively than conventional punishment. This study concludes that restorative justice is not merely an alternative but a necessity in a just and humane juvenile criminal justice system
The Position of Victims in the Restorative Justice Mechanism under the New Criminal Code: Between Legal Protection and Substantive Justice Flora, Henny Saida; Simarmata, Berlian
Jurnal Ilmiah Dunia Hukum VOLUME 10 ISSUE 2 APRIL 2026
Publisher : PDIH Untag Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56444/jidh.v0i0.7096

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the potential problems in the implementation of restorative justice concerning the position of victims within the criminal justice system in Indonesia, as well as to formulate an ideal reconstruction of the victim’s position in restorative justice under the New Criminal Code based on justice and Pancasila values. The research employs a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, philosophical, and comparative approaches. Legal materials are obtained through library research, consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary sources, and are analyzed qualitatively using legal interpretation techniques. The findings reveal that the implementation of restorative justice still faces several challenges, including inadequate regulation concerning victims’ rights and protection, regulatory disharmony, the dominance of law enforcement authorities, and a legal culture that has not fully supported substantive justice. These conditions result in victims not being positioned as primary subjects but rather remaining in a vulnerable position within the criminal case resolution process. As a solution, this study proposes an ideal reconstruction of the victim’s position through strengthening legal substance that affirms victims’ rights, harmonizing regulations, limiting the discretion of law enforcement officials, and reinforcing a legal culture oriented toward victim recovery. This reconstruction is grounded in the values of Pancasila, particularly just and civilized humanity and social justice. Therefore, restorative justice is expected to function not only as a mechanism for resolving cases but also as an instrument for achieving substantive justice and comprehensive recovery of victims’ rights.
Legal Assitance and Legal Literacy Enhancement for Victims of Termination of Employment in Efforts to Expand Access to Justice Mariane, Irene; Flora, Henny Saida; Puwa, Suryani Intan Pratiwi; Hafiz, Asnal; Nurahman, Dwi
International Journal of Community Service (IJCS) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): January-June
Publisher : PT Inovasi Pratama Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55299/ijcs.v5i1.1872

Abstract

Termination of Employment (PHK) in Indonesia has escalated significantly, with over 88,519 cases recorded in 2025 alone, yet many victims remain unaware of their legal rights and are unable to navigate complex dispute resolution mechanisms. This study examines the role of legal assistance programs and legal literacy enhancement initiatives in expanding access to justice for PHK victims within a specific Indonesian district. Employing a qualitative socio-legal research methodology, this study conducted in-depth interviews with twenty-five (25) PHK victims, ten (10) legal aid providers, five (5) government officials from the local Manpower Office, and three (3) trade union representatives, complemented by document analysis and observation of mediation proceedings. The findings reveal that a significant majority of PHK victims (84%) possessed low to moderate levels of legal literacy regarding their statutory entitlements, including severance pay (pesangon), long-service awards (UPMK), and compensation for rights (UPH). Furthermore, 92% of respondents encountered substantial barriers to accessing justice, including prohibitive legal costs, procedural complexity, and geographic isolation from Industrial Relations Courts. Legal assistance provided by Legal Aid Institutions (LBH) and university legal clinics demonstrably improved the likelihood of PHK victims securing their rights, with assisted victims being 3.2 times more likely to obtain a favorable settlement or court ruling. However, the study also identifies critical challenges, including the limited capacity of legal aid organizations and persistent issues of weak law enforcement against recalcitrant employers. The research concludes that a synergistic approach, combining the provision of pro bono legal assistance with targeted community-based legal literacy programs, is essential for addressing the justice gap experienced by PHK victims. The study recommends the formal establishment of a District-Level Legal Aid Task Force for Employment Disputes and the integration of labor rights education into local community development programs.
Implementation of Restorative Justice in the New Criminal Code: A Normative Analysis of Criminal Case Resolution Flora, Henny Saida; Kadir, Taqyuddin; Sjuhudi, Ichsan
Journal of Strafvordering Indonesian Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): JOSI - MAY
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/aqeqd667

Abstract

This study examines the application of the restorative justice approach in the New Criminal Code (KUHP) enacted through Law Number 1 of 2023. The background of this study is the increasing need for a more humane and effective criminal case resolution system that simultaneously takes into account the interests of victims, perpetrators, and the community. The New Criminal Code brings a significant paradigmatic shift by integrating the principles of restorative justice into Indonesian positive legal norms. The research method used is normative legal research with a statute approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative approach. The results show that the New Criminal Code explicitly accommodates the principle of restorative justice through several provisions, including: the regulation of recovery-oriented sentencing objectives (Article 54), a settlement mechanism outside the judicial process (Article 70), and provisions on supervisory punishment and rehabilitative measures. However, its implementation faces a number of normative challenges, including the lack of comprehensive technical regulations, limited institutional capacity, and the need for harmonization with other laws and regulations. This study recommends the development of detailed implementing regulations, strengthening the capacity of law enforcement officials, and developing an institutional infrastructure that supports the optimal implementation of restorative justice in the Indonesian criminal justice system.
Formalizing the Informal: A Critical Examination of Indonesia's Land Certification Program (PTSL) and Its Implications for Tenure Security and Social Equity Henny Saida Flora; Seno Wibowo Gumbira2; Jimmy Nasroen; Dwi Nurahman; Suryani Intan Pratiwi Puwa
Jurnal Smart Hukum (JSH) Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): February-May
Publisher : Inovasi Pratama Internasional. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55299/jsh.v4i3.1889

Abstract

Indonesia’s Complete Systematic Land Registration Program (Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap, PTSL) has been heralded as a transformative initiative in the Global South’s land governance landscape. Launched in 2017 with the ambitious goal of registering all 126 million land parcels by 2025, the program has achieved a 94.4% registration rate. Despite this quantitative success, the program’s qualitative impacts on tenure security and social equity remain contested. This article critically examines PTSL through a qualitative, socio-legal lens, drawing on policy document analysis, semi-structured interviews with institutional actors, and case studies from three Indonesian provinces. The findings reveal a paradoxical outcome: while PTSL has significantly accelerated formal land registration, its procedural architecture ironically reproduces, rather than rectifies, pre-existing structural inequalities. Informal land tenure practices—customary ownership, inherited but undocumented rights, and gendered access—are systematically marginalized within the program’s bureaucratic framework. The certification process imposes financial burdens through BPHTB taxes that disproportionately exclude low-income households, while weak verification mechanisms have enabled land-grabbing by elite actors. Consequently, the program’s formalization agenda risks extinguishing long-standing customary tenure arrangements and reinforcing social stratification. The article argues that the technocratic focus on target attainment has fundamentally overshadowed substantive tenure security and distributive justice. It concludes by proposing a rights-based, community-centered model of land certification that recognizes legal pluralism, integrates gender-responsive mechanisms, and prioritizes protection of vulnerable groups
Peningkatan Kesadaran Masyarakat terhadap Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Pembentukan Undang-Undang Henny Saida Flora; Bambang Ismaya
SABAJAYA Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 4 No. 03 (2026): SABAJAYA : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : SABA JAYA PUBLISHER

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59561/sabajaya.v4i03.790

Abstract

Pembentukan undang-undang yang berperspektif hak asasi manusia (HAM) menuntut adanya partisipasi masyarakat yang bermakna sebagai bagian dari prinsip negara hukum dan demokrasi. Namun, dalam praktiknya, partisipasi publik masih sering bersifat prosedural dan belum didukung oleh pemahaman hukum yang memadai. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan kapasitas masyarakat dalam mengawal pembentukan undang-undang yang berorientasi pada perlindungan HAM. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan melalui kegiatan pelatihan yang meliputi penyampaian materi, diskusi kelompok, dan simulasi partisipasi publik. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman peserta terhadap konsep HAM, mekanisme pembentukan undang-undang, serta peran masyarakat sebagai subjek hukum yang memiliki hak konstitusional untuk berpartisipasi. Selain itu, pelatihan ini juga mendorong perubahan sikap masyarakat dari pasif menjadi lebih kritis dan partisipatif, serta meningkatkan kemampuan praktis dalam menyusun dan menyampaikan masukan yang berperspektif HAM. Kegiatan ini berkontribusi dalam memperkuat partisipasi publik yang bermakna dan mendukung terwujudnya proses legislasi yang demokratis, inklusif, dan menghormati hak asasi manusia.
Protection of Indigenous Peoples' Rights: A Legal Review of Local Wisdom-Based Natural Resource Management Henny Saida Flora; Deassy J.A. Hehanussa; Fathullah Fathullah
Journal of Adat Recht Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): MAY - JOAR
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/ssfx3e42

Abstract

This article examines the protection of indigenous peoples' rights in local wisdom-based natural resource management in Indonesia from the perspective of national and international law. This research is normative in nature, using legislative, conceptual, and historical approaches. The results show that although the national legal framework has recognized customary rights and local wisdom of indigenous peoples, its implementation still faces significant structural, institutional, and normative obstacles. Overlapping regulations between forestry, mining, plantation, and agrarian laws often harm the rights of indigenous peoples. On the other hand, international legal instruments such as ILO Convention No. 169 and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) provide minimum standards of protection that have not been fully adopted by the Indonesian legal system. This article concludes that there is a need for regulatory harmonization, the establishment of specific laws for indigenous peoples, and the strengthening of indigenous institutions in natural resource management to realize ecological justice and sustainable environmental governance rooted in local wisdom values.      
Co-Authors Abdul, Kartini Maharani Abrori, Abrori Adiasih, Ning Ahmad Burhanuddin, Ahmad Aiman, Muhammad Alghiffary, Idrus Ali Syaifudin, Mohamad Alves, Livia Ambarsari, Ningrum Andi Hartawati Ari Prabowo Arief Fahmi Lubis Avivi Nur Laila, Siti Bambang Ismaya BENI SETIAWAN Berlian SH.,M.Hum Cale, Woolnough Cindy Mariam Magdalena Rantung Cut Fadhlan Akhyar Dadang Komara Deassy J.A. Hehanussa Devi Lawra, Rifqi Dolfries Jakop Neununy Dwi Edi Wibowo Dwi Edi Wibowo Dwi Nurahman Dwi Nurahman, Dwi Dwiprigitaningtias, Indah Edison Edison Egry Winda Nababan Elisabeth Nurhaini Butarbutar Endah Rantau Itasari, Endah Endrawati, Eka Ari Erawati, Ratna Deliana Erwin Erwin Ester Julinda Simarmata, Ester Julinda Etty Sri Wahyuni Fatar Ferdinan Banjarnahor Fathullah Fathullah Feibe Engeline Pijoh Fernando, Jimmy Rian Firmansyah Firmansyah Fradhana Putra Disantara Ganap, Nita Cicilia Gaol, Selamat Lumban Ginanjar, Yudha Godlif Sianipar Grenaldo Ginting Hafiz, Asnal Hajriana, Hajriana Harmono, Harmono Hartawati, A. Hartawati, Andi Hasnia Hasnia Hendri Darma Putra Henry Apan Henry Aspan Herwantono, Herwantono Ica Karina Indriyana Dwi Mustikarini, Indriyana Dwi Irsan Rahman Iyos Sutresna Jimmy Nasroen Johannes Johny Koynja Johannes Johny Koynja, Johannes Johny Juliana Jumra, Jumra Kadir, Taqyuddin Khomaini Khomaini Khomaini, Khomaini Kumala, Brik Lina Maulidiana Lumban Gaol, Selamat M. Syahputra Mac Thi Hoai Thuong Maharjan, Kailie Mahfud Ramadhani Maidin Gultom Mariane, Irene Mark, Elladdadi Maulana, Sandrik Puji Mega Fitri Hertini Miharja, Marjan Munawwarah, Siti Mymoonah R. M Sitanggang Nanda Dwi Rizkia Nar Yan Thapa Neni Hardiati Neununy, Dolfries Jakop Ning Adiasih Ningrum Ambarsari ningrum, dedah - Nova Florentina Ambarwati Pinta Nadia Simamora, Pinta Nadia Pratiwi Puwa, Suryani Intan Puspitasari, Dyah Rosiana Putri Maha Dewi, S.H., M.H R. Irma Rachmawati, R. Irma Rahmat Setiawan Ramli, Kaharuddin Rasyid, Mukhawas Reflina Sinaga Rusmana, Dodi Sachsyabillah Dwi Maharani Yusuf Sahata Manalu Sahrul Salmon, Harly Clifford Jonas Samuel Frans Boris Situmorang Saptaning Ruju Paminto Sari, Nurmi Sarjono, Anastasia Seno Wibowo Gumbira2 Shintia Alvernia Gorrettie Gijoh Sidabalok, Janus Simbolon, Netty Mewahaty Sjuhudi, Ichsan Suhendar Suhendar, Suhendar Suningrat, Nining Suryani Intan Pratiwi Puwa Suryani Intan Pratiwi Puwa Taqyuddin Kadir Taqyuddin Kadir Thuong, Mac Thi Hoai Tiromsi Sitanggang Xavier, Murphy Xu, Shanshan Yenny Febrianty Yohana Naomi Monica Sembiring Yusuf, Sachsyabillah Dwi Maharani Zuwanda, Zulkham Sadat