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Application of Spa-Gene as A Marker of Molecular Epidemiology in the Case of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Which its from Dairy Cows in Surabaya Region Asri Rizky; Mustofa Helmi Effendi; Jola Rahmahani
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 15, No 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (650.571 KB) | DOI: 10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v15i2.4817

Abstract

The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from cow’s milk in Surabaya and to determine the fragment Spa-Gene in MRSA strains. There were 50 samples of cow’s milk obtained from four dairy farms. From 50 tested samples, 19 samples (38%) were positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic sensitivity test using oxacillin and erythromycin showed that 6 samples were resistant to the antibiotic oxacillin and 6 samples were resistant to erythromycin. MRSA confirmation tests that were conducted on 6 samples revealed 5 positive results for the MRSA strain. Electrophoresis of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) product showed that 4 out of 5 samples were positive for the presence of the Spa-Gene fragment. The research results showed that there were 3 models of Spa-Gene fragments; the first had a length of 90 bp and 140 bp, the second had a length of 140 bp, and third had a length of 90 bp. This study revealed the nature of Spa-Gene polymorphism of MRSA strains isolated from milk samples. It was concluded that the Spa-Gene can be used as a molecular epidemiological marker of the MRSA strain.
Uji Resistensi Antibiotik Ampicillin pada Bakteri Escherichia coli yang di Isolasi dari Beberapa Peternakan di Surabaya Khoiru Indana; Mustofa Helmi Effendi; Soeharsono Soeharsono
Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis Vol 3, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Peternakan Lingkungan Tropis
Publisher : Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jpltrop.v3i1.5416

Abstract

Resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik merupakan suatu yang alami. Bahaya resistensiantibiotik merupakan salah satu masalah yang terjadi juga pada dunia peternakansehingga mengakibatkan kerugian bagi para peternak. Terjadinyanya resistensiantibiotika ini disebabkan pemakaian antibiotika pada hewan sebagai pemacupertumbuhan yang mempunyai kontribusi terjadinya resistensi antibiotika. Ampisilinsalah satu jenis antibiotik golongan penisilin yang dilaporkan resisten terhadapEscherichia coli. Selain harganya murah, ampisilin sangat mudah didapat. Penelitian inibertujuan mengidentifikasi Escherichia coli yang diisolasi dari daging ayam padapeternakan di Surabaya yang resisten terhadap Ampisilin. Uji resistensi Ampicillinterhadap Escherichia coli menggunakan metode Kirby-Baurer. Berdasarkan hasil isolasidan identifikasi dari 40 sampel didapatkan 13 isolat yang dinyatakan resisten Escherichiacoli atau sebanyak 32,5 %.
Uji Total Escherichia coli pada Susu Sapi Segar di Koperasi Peternak Sapi Perah (KPSP) Karyo Ngremboko Kecamatan Purwoharjo Kabupaten Banyuwangi Pradika, Adhitya Yhoga; Chusniati, Sri; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Yudhana, Aditya; Wibawati, Prima Ayu
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019): April
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (303.275 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol2.iss1.2019.1-6

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kualitas susu sapi segar yang disetorkan oleh peternak ke Koperasi dan kemudian dihitung jumlah bakteri Escherichia coli yang selanjutnya dibandingkan dengan SNI.  Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada saat peternak mengantarkan susu sapi segar ke koperasi. Sampel yang diambil adalah susu yang ada di dalam milk can yang diambil dengan pipet steril dan juga karet penghisap. Sampel selanjutnya disimpan di  dalam botol steril dan dibawa dengan menggunakan coolbox dilengkapi ice gel beku, selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian di Laboratorium. Selanjutnya dilakukan penanaman pada media Lauryl Tryptose Broth (LTB), Escherichia coli Broth (ECB), Levine Eosin Methylen Blue Agar (L-EMBA) dan dilakukan uji biokimia Indole, Methyl Red, Voges Proskauer, Citrate (IMViC) selanjutnya dilakukan pendugaan jumlah bakteri dengan menggunakan Most Probable Number (MPN). Hasil penelitian didapatkan bakteri Escherichia coli yang melebihi standart SNI > 3 APM/g yaitu 5 dari 16 sampel atau 31,25%. Hasil perhitungan berdasarkan MPN, sampel 7 menghasilkan angka 3APM/g, sampel 9 menghasilkan angka 3,6 APM/g, sampel 10 menghasilkan angka 23 APM/g, sampel 13 menghasilkan angka 7,4 APM/g dan sampel 14 menghasilkan angka 3,6 APM/g.
Deteksi Mastitis Subklinis Pada Kambing Peranakan Etawah di Kelurahan Kalipuro, Banyuwangi Sevitasari, Adelita Putri; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Wibawati, Prima Ayu
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (384.631 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol2.iss2.2019.72-75

Abstract

Mastitis adalah penyakit yang terjadi akibat infeksi pada kelenjar ambing. Mastitis subklinis merupakan tipe mastitis yang tidak menunjukkan gejala klinis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi mastitis subklinis pada peternakan Kambing PE dengan menggunakan metode California Mastitis Test sebagai penelitan awal untuk mendapatkan data awal kejadian kasus mastitis subklinis di Kelurahan Kalipuro, Banyuwangi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Deteksi dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel susu pada kambing PE secara purposif dan direaksikan reagen CMT diputar secara sirkuler selama 10–15 detik. Pengamatan hasil reaksi sampel susu dan reagen ditentukan berdasarkan perubahan konsistensi dengan adanya masa pengentalan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kejadian kasus mastitis subklinis sebesar 82.76%. Faktor terjadinya mastitis subklinis dapat dipengaruhi oleh manajemen perkandangan dan pemerahan peternakan, karena sanitasi dan hygiene berpengaruh pada tingkat kontaminasi bakteri.
Carcass Quality and Tetracycline Residues in Broiler Chicken Meat in Banyuwangi Traditional Market Subagyo, Safira Fauziyyah; Harijani, Nenny; Wibawati, Prima Ayu; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Chusniati, Sri; Yunita, Maya Nurwartanti
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol4.iss1.2021.1-7

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the quality of broiler carcasses in the Banyuwangi traditional market with carcass quality examination based on SNI number 3924-2009 and tetracycline antibiotic residues test based on SNI number 7424:2008. A total of ten broiler chicken sellers as representative of almost all broiler chicken sellers in the Banyuwangi market, with each seller was taken for one carcass in this research. Carcass quality examination used a standart carcasses weight 1,0-1,3 kg. Carcass quality examination was carried out with descriptive analysis with reference to the physical characteristics of SNI (Standarisasi Nasional Indonesia). The bioassay method is used to test for tetracycline antibiotic residue. The result of the carcass quality examination showed that from the whole sample consisting of conformation, disjointed or broken bones and missing parts, discolorations, and cleanliness of broiler carcasses are good enough. The percentage quality of broiler carcasses quality I is 60%, quality II is 30% and quality III is 10%. The examination of antibiotic tetracycline residues in broiler meat showed negative results indicating that no feeds containing additional antibiotics made carcasses in the traditional Banyuwangi market safe for consumption.
Antibacterial of Cinnamon Bark (Cinnamomum burmannii) Essential Oil Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Fadlilah, Shinta Levea Ni'matul; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Tyasningsih, Wiwiek; Suwanti, Lucia Tri; Rahmahani, Jola; Harijani, Nenny; Ramandinianto, Sancaka Chasyer; Khairullah, Aswin Rafif
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol4.iss1.2021.56-62

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the in vitro antibacterial activities of essential oil from cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum burmannii) on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from raw milk. Essential oil from cinnamon bark obtained from the steam distillation method and essential oil was made in a series dilution with a concentration of 1%, 2%, 4%, and 8%. The antibacterial activities were tested using the disk diffusion method. Results showed from five isolates of MRSA, one isolate was sensitive of essential oil with a concentration 2% and all of the isolate was sensitive with a concentration 4% and 8%. The antibacterial activity showed by inhibition zones on  MRSA. The results suggest that the activity of the essential oils of cinnamon bark has an antibacterial effect on MRSA and it is developed as phytopharmaca.
Detection of Escherichia coli Contamination using Most Probable Number (MPN) methods in Chicken Meats in Market of Surabaya Wardhana, Dhandy Koesoemo; Safitri, Devi Ayu; Annisa, Suwaibatul; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Harijani, Nenny
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol4.iss1.2021.118-124

Abstract

Foodborne diseases are diseases transmitted through contaminated food and are one of the main public health problems. The bacteria that usually contaminates chicken meat is Escherichia coli. E. coli contamination in chicken meat can affect consumer health. Chicken meat processing and market conditions affect the level of bacteria contamination. This study aims to measure the contamination of E. coli bacteria in chicken meat in Surabaya's markets. The method which used to count and estimate the number of E. coli bacteria found in chicken meat in this study was Most Probable Number (MPN). The results showed 20 samples (33.3%) from 60 samples gave negative results. This indicated that only 20 samples of chicken meat were safe for consumption because the MPN value is <1 í— 101 CFU/g while the remaining 40 samples (66.7%) were not safe for consumption because the MPN value is> 1 í— 101 CFU/g. The standard of SNI 3924: 2009 concerning the minimum requirement for the amount of E. coli contamination in chicken meat is 1í—101 CFU/g so that the contamination of E. coli which found in chicken meat in Surabaya was high.
Identification of Escherichia coli Multidrug Resistance in Cattle in Abattoirs Mustika, Yolla Rona; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Puspitasari, Yulianna; Plumeriastuti, Hani; Khairullah, Aswin Rafif; Kinasih, Kurnia Nisa
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol7.iss1.2024.19-32

Abstract

Escherichia coli is a typical flora of an animals' digestive tract. Based on these details, this study was done on the detection and identification of multidrug-resistant E. coli in cattle in Surabaya abattoirs. Each cattle rectum swab sample was streaked into EMB agar media and followed by Gram staining. The IMViC test was used to confirm the presence of E. coli. Based on morphological culture features, Gram staining, and biochemical testing, the sample examination results revealed that 41 samples (41%) of the 100 cattle rectal swab samples that were isolated were confirmed to be positive for E. coli. The profile of antibiotic resistance from the results of the E. coli resistance test to antibiotics showed that out of a total of 41 isolates of E. coli, 12 isolates (29.27%) were detected as resistant to 1 class of antibiotics tested, while 2 isolates (4.88%) were resistant to 2 classes of antibiotics, and 3 isolates (7.32%) were confirmed to be multidrug resistance (MDR).
Detection of the CTX-M Gene Associated with Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) in Broiler Chickens in Surabaya Traditional Markets Putri, Mariana Febrilianti Resilinda; Khairullah, Aswin Rafif; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Wibisono, Freshinta Jellia; Hasib, Abdullah; Moses, Ikechukwu Benjamin; Fauziah, Ima; Kusala, Muhammad Khaliim Jati; Raissa, Ricadonna; Yanestria, Sheila Marty
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol7.iss2.2024.320-334

Abstract

A common indicator used to examine the frequency and distribution of antibiotic resistance against other enteric bacteria in humans and animals is the commensal enteric bacterium, Escherichia coli. The transmission of plasmids harboring ESBL enzymes, primarily generated by E. coli, is the cause of this resistance. The purpose of this study was to identify the CTX-M gene in ESBL-producing E. coli from broiler chicken cloacal swabs in traditional Surabaya markets. The samples used were 96 cloacal swabs from broiler chickens in the traditional markets of Dukuh Kupang, Keputran, Pacar Keling, and Pucang. The antibiotic disks used in this study belonged to five different antibiotic classes; they are aztreonam (monobactam), chloramphenicol (phenicol), kanamycin (aminoglycoside), ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolone), and tetracycline (tetracycline). Presumptive ESBL strains were then molecularly screened for the presence of CTX-M gene. Results revealed that out of the 96 chicken cloacal swab samples collected, 58 (60.42%) were positive for E. coli based on morphological culture, Gram staining, and biochemical tests. Additionally, 15 out of the 58 E. coli isolates recovered from broiler chicken cloacal swabs were multidrug-resistant (MDR) while 7 of E. coli isolates harbored CTX-M gene. Conclusively, this study has shown that broiler chickens sold in traditional Surabaya markets harbor MDR E. coli which possess CTX-M gene. Conditions in traditional markets with low levels of cleanliness and chickens placed close together can spread resistance genes with serious public health consequences. Therefore, it is imperative to observe good hygienic practices in Surabaya traditional markets in order to curtail the spread of MDR bacterial pathogens in the food chain.
IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI Escherichia coli PENGHASIL Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase DARI SWAB RECTAL SAPI PERAH MENGGUNAKAN METODE VITEK-2 DI KUD TANI WILIS SENDANG KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG Syah Putra, Akyun Rozaqi; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Koesdarto, Setiawan; Suwarno, Suwarno; Tyasningsih, Wiwik; Soelih Estoepangestie, Agnes Theresia
Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary Vol. 8 No. 2 (2019): Journal of Basic Medical Veterinary, December 2019
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/.v8i2.20414

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance in animals and humans has become a global problem that needs attention. The use of antibiotics in inappropriate on food-producing animals can lead to resistance many of the pathogenic bacteria to the various types of antibiotics, one of which is the Escherichia coli (E. coli) which produces extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). The aim of this study was to isolate and identified ESBL- E. coli isolate from dairy cow rectal swabs in Sendang, Tulungagung district using the Vitek-2 method. The number of rectal swab samples used in the present study was 50. The result of the study showed that from all of the samples could be isolated and indentified E. coli, based on the colony characteristics on EMBA and biochemical test. Based on the double disc synergy test method using antibiotic disc amoxicylyn-clavulanate, ceftriaxone, aztreonam, ceftazidime and cefotaxime, 10 isolates could be identify els ESBL- E. coli. furthermore 3 out of 10 isolates DDST positives were confirmed ESBL- E. coli using Vitek-2 method.
Co-Authors A. T. Soelih Estoepangestie Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum Adrenalin, Sruti Listra Al Arif, M Anam Amri, Indah Amalia Anam Al Arif Anas Bad’rosana Prawindi Annisa, Suwaibatul Annise Proboningrat Arifah, Sitti Asri Rizky Asri Rizky Astuti, Elita Sriwidya Bambang Sektiari Lukiswanto Bambang Sumiarto Bambang Sumiarto Bambang Sumiarto Bambang Sumiarto Benjamin Christoffel Tehupuring, Benjamin Christoffel Boedi Setiawan BUDI UTOMO Budiarto Budiarto Budiarto Bura, Maria Antonia Yersi Dua Chusniati, Sri Dadik Rahardjo, Dadik Dadik Raharjo Dameanti, Fidi Nur Aini Eka Puji Dewi, Aprilia Kurnia Dian Ayu Permatasari Dian Ayu Permatasari Didik Handijatno Didik Handijatno Didik Handijatno Elisa Herina Dimariwu Endah, Tri Endang Suprihati Eriza Rosalina Rochmah Estoepangestie, Agnes Theresia Soelih Fadlilah, Shinta Levea Ni'matul Fatmawati, Mira Fatmawati Fauziah, Ima Fedik Abdul Rantam Habibi, Muhammad Afif Hani Plumeriastuti Harijani, Nenny Hasib, Abdullah Hernanda, Ary Setya Herry Agoes Hermadi Istiana, Izzatul Iwan Sahrial Hamid Kadek Rachmawati Kadek Rachmawati Kendek, Irfan Alias Khairullah, Aswin Rafif Khoiru Indana Kinasih, Kurnia Nisa Kurniasih, Dea Anita Ariani Kurniawan, Muhammad ‘Ahdi Kusala, Muhammad Khaliim Jati Kusriningrum Rochiman Lailatul Maghfiroh Lilik Maslachah Lucia Tri Suwanti, Lucia Tri Luthfiana, Nurul Masdiana C Padaga Maudika Pamela Fiorenza Mirni Lamid Mohammad Sukmanadi Moses, Ikechukwu Benjamin Mufasirin Muhammad Ikmal Robih Mustika, Yolla Rona Muzhaffar, Adam Maulana Naseh, Naseh Nenny Harijani Nunuk Dyah Retno Lastuti Nusdianto Triakoso Permatasari, Dian Ayu Pradika, Adhitya Yhoga Pratama, Bima Putra Purbowati, Tri Endah Putri, Mariana Febrilianti Resilinda Rahaju Ernawati Raharjo, Dadik Rahmahani, Jola Rahmandari, Dina Agylia Raissa, Ricadonna Ramandinianto, Sancaka Chasyer Rehman, Saifur Residiwati, Gretania Riza Zainuddin Ahmad Rochmah Kurnijasanti Sabdoningrum, Emy Koestanti Safitri, Devi Ayu Saputra, Rakan Mahiid Sari, Fifin Kurnia Sarudji, Suryanie Setiawan Koesdarto Sevitasari, Adelita Putri Sheila Marty Yanestria Sitti Arifah Soeharsono Soeharsono Soelih Estoepangestie, Agnes Theresia Sri Hidanah Sri Mulyati Sri Mumpuni Sosiawati Sri Pantja Madyawati Subagyo, Safira Fauziyyah Suherni Susilowati Sukmanadi, Mohammad Supriyadi Suwarno Suwarno Syah Putra, Akyun Rozaqi Syah, Ali Akram Tacharina, Martia Rani Tang, John Yew Huat Tatik Hernawati Tita Damayanti Lestari Tjuk Imam Restiadi Tri Nurhajati Tri Untari Tri Untari Tri Wahyu Suprayogi Tyasningsih, Wiwiek Tyasningsih, Wiwiek Tyasningsih, Wiwik Veena Vasheene Vijaya Kumar Wardhana, Dhandy Koesoemo Warsito, Sunaryo Hadi Wibawati, Prima Ayu Wibisono, Freshinta Jellia Widi Nugroho Yeni Dhamayanti Yudhana, Aditya Yulianna Puspitasari Yunita, Maya Nurwartanti Zahro, Vida Seanita Zainul Abidin