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Anatomy of the Uncinate Process in Avian: A Literature Review Dhamayanti, Yeni; Suryadiningrat, Muhammad; Alvaro, Aloisius Primo; Sinaga, Melina Martupauli; Çalışkan, Hakan; Firdausy, Lintang Winantya
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol8.iss2.2025.478-488

Abstract

The uncinate process (UP), a dorsocaudal projection from the vertebral ribs, represents a pivotal adaptation in the avian thoracic skeleton, serving as a mechanical brace that enhances respiration and stabilizes the trunk during flight. This literature review synthesizes anatomical, functional, developmental, and evolutionary perspectives on UP morphology across diverse bird taxa. A systematic search spanning 2015–2025 identified 20 relevant studies detailing the structural variability of UPs—categorized as short, intermediate, or long—correlating with flight styles, such as soaring, diving, or terrestrial locomotion. Long UPs, observed in species like penguins and cormorants, are associated with enhanced ventilatory efficiency and thoracic rigidity for high-energy propulsion, while short UPs in flightless birds reflect reduced respiratory demand. Developmental studies reveal ontogenetic shifts from cartilaginous to ossified UPs, aligned with increasing locomotor activity. Evolutionary analysis underscores the UP as a conserved synapomorphy of Aves, with convergent elongation in unrelated taxa emphasizing its functional significance. Structural integration with intercostal musculature and adjacent ribs enables efficient force transmission and thoracic stabilization, vital for maintaining trunk posture during flight. Beyond its evolutionary relevance, UP morphology has practical implications in avian health, surgical ventilation strategies, and bioinspired biomechanical applications. This review highlights the UP as an underappreciated yet essential component of avian musculoskeletal architecture, offering insights into respiratory evolution, ecological adaptation, and comparative vertebrate anatomy. Future investigations should expand morphometric databases and apply high-resolution imaging and biomechanical modeling to further elucidate the functional roles of the UP in avian physiology and evolution.
Growth patterns and ecological classification of Tor tambra (Valenciennes 1842) in the Mamis River, Leuser Ecosystem Area, Aceh Province, Indonesia Akmal, Yusrizal; Yunus , Muchammad; Plumeriastuti , Hani; Dhamayanti, Yeni; Irfannur; Muliari; Zulfahmi, Ilham; Batubara, Agung Setia
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 16 No. 2 (2024): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v16i2.55808

Abstract

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research 1. Tor tambra is the most dominant species other Tor species in Aceh Province, Indonesia. 2. The population of T. tambra has decreased significantly due to overfishing and environmental destruction. 3. This research aims to examine the habitat characteristics, growth patterns and condition factors of T. tambra. 4. Analysis of the length weight relationship of T. tambra revealed that the condition of the fish was stable . Abstract This research was aimed to examine the habitat characteristics, growth patterns and condition factors of T. tambra in the Mamis River, Leuser Ecosystem Area, Aceh, Indonesia. This research was conducted on the Mamis River in three different river conditions from July to August 2023. The ecological parameters of T. tambra were conducted by observing the main, broodstock, spawning, and nursery ground habitats based on diversity of catch size at a location, water quality, aquatic substrate, aquatic vegetation, and water shade. The growth pattern parameter was also analyzed to reveal the condition of T. tambra.  The T. tambra habitat in the Mamis River includes broodstock and spawning habitat with the criteria from small to large rocks overgrown with Bryophytes, gravel and sand substrates, clear water color, slow to swift water currents, and river environment most of it is primary forest. In the main habitat, there is dominant riparian vegetation in the form of forest timber trees such as Pometia pinnata, Ficus fistulosa, Hydnocarpus castanea, and Aglaia tomentosa. The habitat for the juvenile is in the form of rocks, gravel substrate, clear water color, and fast water currents. In the nursery habitat, the dominant riparian vegetation is Balakata baccata. Based on the results of water quality analysis at the three stations, it shows that temperature, pH, DO, currents, BOD, COD are significantly different, but brightness levels are not significantly different. Based on the analysis of the length-weight relationship, it shows that the condition of the fish is stable with sufficient food availability.
Cranium morphometry for distinguishing male and female Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) before sexual maturity Mafatichul Firdaus; Abdul Samik; Yeni Dhamayanti; Raden Tatang Santanu Adikara; Hana Eliyani; Soeharsono Soeharsono
Ovozoa: Journal of Animal Reproduction Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): Ovozoa: Journal of Animal Reproduction
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ovz.v11i2.2022.54-58

Abstract

Gender determination of Muscovy duck as early as possible is essential for the efficiency and effectiveness of duck production. This study aimed to determine the morphometric differences in prepubertal male and female Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) as predictors of gender. This study used a split-plot design, with the observed variables cranium length, width and height, mandibular length, and rostrum length and width. This study used a total of 80 samples of duck heads consisting of 40 male and 40 female Muscovy duck heads, with ten heads each in the age group of 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks, respectively. Results showed that the length, width, and height of the cranium, mandibular length, and rostrum lengthand width were greater in males (p <0.05) than those of the females in all age groups. It could be concluded that the morphometric size of prepubertal male Muscovy ducks head was greater than those of the female ones at the same age; thereby, it could be used to distinguish gender. Based on the morphometrics, further study can also be conducted to measure other body parts of the Muscovy duck apart from the cranium. In addition, it is necessary to study the morphometric measurements of the cranium in other poultry as a basis for identifying sex.
Impact of green tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf extract in skim milk-goose egg yolk semen extender on the quality of Sapudi ram spermatozoa stored at 5°C Ardina Sahra Miranda; Tri Wahyu Suprayogi; Budi Utomo; Suherni Susilowati; Yeni Dhamayanti
Ovozoa: Journal of Animal Reproduction Vol. 12 No. 3 (2023): Ovozoa: Journal of Animal Reproduction
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ovz.v12i3.2023.148-156

Abstract

Livestock production requires Sapudi rams, a breed native to Indonesia, to meet meat demand and food security. In artificial high-quality frozen semen is needed to spread Sapudi rams. To maximize the survival of spermatozoa during cryopreservation, semen should be stored in an extender. Green tea leaf extract (GTLE) and skim milk-goat egg yolk (SM-GEY) may be a good cryoprotectants due to their antioxidant properties. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding GTLE to the SM-GEY extender on the quality of Sapudi ram spermatozoa stored at 5°C. The fresh semen sample was divided into four different GTLE treatment groups, which each contained a 0.1 mL semen sample and a 25-mL extender of SM-GEY. Group T0: no GTLE added to SM-GEY; Groups T1, T2, and T3: 0.1 mL semen diluted in 25 mL SM-GEY with 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 mg GTLE. Extended semen was then stored at 5°C, and its quality was evaluated daily for five days. The variables observed included spermatozoa motility, viability, and membrane integrity. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Duncan's test using Statistical Program and Service Solution version 23. The result of this study was that adding 0.05 mg GTLE to 25 mL of SM-GEY extender significantly maintained the spermatozoa motility, viability, and plasma membrane integrity of Sapudi ram spermatozoa for three days at 5°C (p <0.05). Therefore, it could be concluded that adding 0.05 mg of GTLE to the SM-GEY extender preserved Sapudi ram spermatozoa's motility, viability, and membrane integrity for three days at 5°C.
Comparative effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate supplementation in skim milk, egg yolk-citrate, and combined extenders on the spermatozoa quality of Ettawah crossbred bucks during storage at 5 °C Muhammad Ikmal Robih; Anas Bad’rosana Prawindi; Tatik Hernawati; Budi Utomo; Suherni Susilowati; Tri wahyu Suprayogi; Sri Pantja Madyawati; Kadek Rachmawati; Mustofa Helmi Effendi; Yeni Dhamayanti
Ovozoa: Journal of Animal Reproduction Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Ovozoa: Journal of Animal Reproduction
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ovz.v14i3.2025.147-158

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the quality of Ettawah crossbred buck semen diluted in skim milk, egg yolk-citrate extenders, or their combination, supplemented with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Semen was collected from Ettawah crossbred bucks using an artificial vagina. Six ejaculates were used for replication and divided into three extender treatments: T1, skim milk; T2, egg yolk-citrate; and T3, a combination of both, each supplemented with 1.5 µg/mL EGCG. The extended semen was stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C. Diluted samples were evaluated every 24 hours until spermatozoa motility declined to 30%, the minimum requirement for artificial insemination. The results showed that spermatozoa motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, and morphological abnormality decreased during six days of storage at 5 °C. Spermatozoa motility remained above 30% for five days in T1 (36.50±1.22%) and T2 (41.67±2.06%), and for six days in T3 (43.33±1.03%). On day six, semen in the combined extender supplemented with EGCG (T3) showed significantly higher motility, viability, and membrane integrity, and lower morphological abnormalities (p <0.05) than the other treatments. In T2, all spermatozoa quality parameters were higher (p <0.05) than in T1. It can be concluded that the combined skim milk-egg yolk-citrate extender containing 1.5 µg/mL EGCG best maintained the spermatozoa quality of Ettawah crossbred bucks during six days of storage at 5 °C. Based on spermatozoa motility, the semen remained suitable for artificial insemination.
Community Empowerment For Dengue Prevention Through Breeding Site Mapping And Kap-Based Behavioral Strengthening In A Hyperendemic Urban Area Yeni Dhamayanti; Deva Fitra Firdausa Anwar; Salsabila Rabbani Khoirun Nisak; Reny Dwi Desti Amalia; Febra Hamidah Putri; Hesti Sukma Ayu Darmayanti; Rahma Salsabila Ananda Firsy; Achmad Imannaufan; Muchammad Alamudi; Tania Ardiani Saleh; Gracia Angelina Hendarti; Aditya Sukma Pawitra; Khuliyah Candraning Diyanah
Journal of Innovative and Creativity Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/joecy.v6i1.6565

Abstract

Dengue tetap menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan di wilayah perkotaan hiperendemik seperti Surabaya. Studi ini mengintegrasikan analisis host–agent–environment dan pemetaan tempat perindukan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor perilaku dan ekologis yang memengaruhi penularan dengue di Sambikerep. Pendekatan mixed-methods mencakup: (1) kuesioner KAP tervalidasi pada tujuh RW; (2) observasi tempat perindukan nyamuk di luar ruangan; dan (3) inspeksi dalam rumah untuk mendeteksi jentik dan menghitung House Index (HI). Analisis korelasi menilai hubungan antara skor KAP dan HI, sementara observasi kualitatif memberikan konteks temuan. Skor KAP menunjukkan korelasi negatif yang signifikan dengan HI (r = –0.715, p < 0.05), menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesadaran yang lebih tinggi berkaitan dengan lebih rendahnya keberadaan jentik di dalam rumah. Namun, titik perindukan seperti water meter, pot tanaman, dan saluran drainase tetap ditemukan meskipun skor KAP relatif tinggi, mengindikasikan adanya hambatan struktural. Pendekatan multidimensional yang menggabungkan asesmen perilaku dan pemetaan lingkungan sangat penting. Pengendalian berkelanjutan memerlukan intervensi yang mengintegrasikan edukasi, keterlibatan komunitas, dan pengelolaan lingkungan di area perkotaan hiperendemik
Comparative appendicular osteology of Tor spp. (Cyprinidae) in Indonesia Yusrizal Akmal; Muchammad Yunus; Hani Plumeriastuti; Yeni Dhamayanti; Irfannur Irfannur; Arief Hidayat Zulkifli; Muliari Muliari; Agung Setia Batubara
Depik Vol 13, No 1 (2024): APRIL 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.13.1.28247

Abstract

Tor tambroides, T. tambra, T. douronensis, and T. soro are native fish species to Indonesia with their natural habitat generally being upstream of rivers in hilly areas with clear water and strong currents. Information of the structure and function of appendicular osteology is necessary to understand how fish accelerate and maintain body balance in the water. This study used 5 samples per fish species obtained from Tor fishermen around the habitat of these fish. The results of the comparison showed morphological differences between the appendicular structure of Tor species, consisting structure of the pinnae pectoralis, pinnae pelvicalis, pinnae dorsalis, pinnae analis, and pinnae caudalis. The highest variation was found in the pinnae caudalis. The pointed shape of the pinnae caudalis with long fin rays indicates that the Tor species is capable to swim at a high speeds.Keywords:ossa appendiculareTor douronensisTor tambraTor tambroidesTor soro
Composition structure and size distribution of two mahseer species in the Sikundur River, Leuser Ecosystem Area, Aceh, Indonesia Yusrizal Akmal; Muchammad Yunus; Hani Plumeriastuti; Yeni Dhamayanti; Irfannur Irfannur; Muliari Muliari; Agung Setia Batubara
Arwana: Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Perairan Vol 7 No 1: May 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Akuakultur, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Almuslim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51179/jipsbp.v7i1.3309

Abstract

The fish diversity within the Leuser Ecosystem Area (LEA), particularly in the Sikundur River, plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of freshwater ecosystems. However, the populations of Mahseer (Tor tambroides and Neolissochilus soro) in this region are under threat due to habitat alteration and intensive exploitation. This study aims to examine the composition structure and size distribution of these two Mahseer species in the Sikundur River. Data collection was conducted at three stations representing different ecological settings: a residential area (Station 1), an agricultural plantation (Station 2), and a natural forest (Station 3). The study was carried out across two seasonal periods, dry season (April–September 2023) and rainy season (October–March 2024). Fish were sampled using cast nets, gillnets, and handlines with the assistance of local fishers, during both morning and evening sessions. Samples were analyzed descriptively and presented in tables and graphs. Results showed that Station 3, located in a natural forest, had the highest proportion of juvenile and adult Mahseer with the largest sizes and weights, particularly during the dry season. Station 1 was dominated by smaller juveniles, especially in the rainy season. Station 2 displayed variable patterns. Seasonal and ecological differences significantly influenced Mahseer population structure and growth dynamics.
The Ultimate Guide to Improving English Learning in Primary School Fathi Falah; Khuliyah Candraning Diyanah; Aditya Sukma Pawitra; Yeni Dhamayanti; Tania Ardiani Saleh; Babucarr Jassey
Communautaire: Journal of Community Service Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Al-Qalam Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61987/communautaire.v4i1.847

Abstract

English learning is a vital skill in the era of globalization. However, many elementary school students struggle with English and show limited interest due to monotonous and less engaging teaching methods. This often leads to low confidence in using the language actively. To address this issue, the English Learning Program (BBI) was implemented to improve the English proficiency of 4th grade students at elementary school. The program introduced interactive and enjoyable teaching strategies through a group-based approach, including language games, conversation practices, songs to introduce parts of the body, and basic grammar lessons. These activities aimed to create a positive learning environment that encourages active participation and boosts student confidence. The results showed increased enthusiasm, participation, and comprehension among students. Many students demonstrated improved ability and willingness to use English in daily conversation. This program highlights the importance of innovative and interactive methods in fostering early interest and language proficiency. It suggests that well-designed, enjoyable approaches can significantly enhance English learning at the elementary school level.
Comparative appendicular osteology of Tor spp. (Cyprinidae) in Indonesia Yusrizal Akmal; Muchammad Yunus; Hani Plumeriastuti; Yeni Dhamayanti; Irfannur Irfannur; Arief Hidayat Zulkifli; Muliari Muliari; Agung Setia Batubara
Depik Vol 13, No 1 (2024): APRIL 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.13.1.28247

Abstract

Tor tambroides, T. tambra, T. douronensis, and T. soro are native fish species to Indonesia with their natural habitat generally being upstream of rivers in hilly areas with clear water and strong currents. Information of the structure and function of appendicular osteology is necessary to understand how fish accelerate and maintain body balance in the water. This study used 5 samples per fish species obtained from Tor fishermen around the habitat of these fish. The results of the comparison showed morphological differences between the appendicular structure of Tor species, consisting structure of the pinnae pectoralis, pinnae pelvicalis, pinnae dorsalis, pinnae analis, and pinnae caudalis. The highest variation was found in the pinnae caudalis. The pointed shape of the pinnae caudalis with long fin rays indicates that the Tor species is capable to swim at a high speeds.Keywords:ossa appendiculareTor douronensisTor tambraTor tambroidesTor soro
Co-Authors A. Shofy Mubarak AA Sudharmawan, AA Abdul Samik Achmad Imannaufan Adikara, Tatang Santanu Aditya Sukma Pawitra Agung Setia Batubara Agung Setia Batubara Agung Setia Batubara Aida Zharah Akhsan Panna Aldi Hamdani Alvaro, Aloisius Primo Anas Bad’rosana Prawindi Annise Proboningrat Ardina Sahra Miranda Arief Hidayat Zulkifli Arimbi Aswin, Ahmad Babucarr Jassey Bambang Poernomo Bangun Nur Wijaya Batubara, Agung Setia Bayram, Muhammet Boedi Setiawan BUDI UTOMO Çalışkan, Hakan Chozin, Aminullah Alhady Corie Indria Prasasti Delaiah, Diena Dellavia, Yolanda Deva Fitra Firdausa Anwar Diyantoro Diyantoro, Diyantoro Epy Muhammad Luqman Falah, Fathi Fathi Falah Febra Hamidah Putri Fiqih, Adam Fahmi Firdausy, Lintang Winantya Hana Eliyani Hanafi, Ulfiani Fauzia Hani Plumeriastuti Hani Plumeriastuti Hari Basuki Notobroto Helen Susilowati, Helen Hendarti, Gracia Angelina Hermin Ratnani Hernanda, Ary Setya Hesti Sukma Ayu Darmayanti Hidanah, Sri Ilham Zulfahmi Ilham Zulfahmi Irfannur Irfannur Irfannur Irfannur Irfannur Irfannur Jassey, Babucarr Kadek Rachmawati Kamilah Nurizza Khairunnisa, Hanifa Khansa Khuliyah Candraning Diyanah Kuncoro Puguh Santoso Kuncorojakti, Suryo Kusnoto Kusnoto, Kusnoto Kusuma Scorpia Lestari Kusuma Wardani, Ratnaningtyas Wahyu Lilis Sulistyorini Lukman, Epy Muhammad Mafatichul Firdaus Mafruchati, Maslichah Maulana, Firdausy Kurnia Megawati, Neneng Ismi Muchammad Alamudi Muchammad Yunus Muchammad Yunus Muhammad Farid Dimjati Lusno Muhammad Ikmal Robih Muliari Muliari Muliari Muliari Muliari Muliari Mustofa Helmi Effendi Nabila Chusnannada Naser, Mhd. Izzan Ningrum, Indah Puspita Novi Dian Arfiani Nunuk Dyah Retno Lastuti Nursadida, Milla Palupi, Tantri Dyah Widhi Plumeriastuti , Hani Poedji Hastutiek Prakoso, Febriyono Anggela Prastiya, Ragil Angga R Azizah Rahma Salsabila Ananda Firsy Ratna Dwi Puji Astuti Renaldi, Nogi Reny Dwi Desti Amalia Retno Adriyani Ririh Yudhastuti Ritonga, Mudhita Zikkrullah Rodprasert, Watchareewan Saleh, Tania Ardiani Salsabila Rabbani Khoirun Nisak Sari, Dian Ayu Kartika Setiawan Koesdarto Sinaga, Melina Martupauli Soeharsono Soeharsono Soeharsono Soeharsono Sofyan, Miayu Soneta Sri Hidanah Sri Mulyati Sri Pantja Madyawati Suciyono, Suciyono SUDARMAJI SUDARMAJI Suherni Susilowati Sunarso, Agus Suryadiningrat, Muhammad Tatik Hernawati Tri Wahyu Suprayogi Warsito, Sunaryo Hadi Wibawati, Prima Ayu Widiyatno, Thomas Valentinus Widjiati Widjiati, Widjiati Wijaya, Andi Yasmin Yudhana, Aditya Yulianna Puspitasari Yunita, Maya Nurwartanti Yunus , Muchammad Yusrizal Akmal Zahrudin, Elham Zida Husnina