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Formulation of Natural Food Coloring Granules from Dragon Fruit Peel Extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and Effectiveness Test in Reducing Blood Glucose Levels Rudang, Singgar Ni; Ginting, Indra; Andry, Muhammad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7635

Abstract

Anthocyanin is one of the many compounds in dragon fruit skin that can be used as an antioxidant. Dragon fruit skin can also lower blood glucose levels. The fact that cases of diabetes mellitus are increasing every year shows that this disease needs serious treatment. This study aims to make dragon fruit skin extract formulated in the form of granules and make dragon fruit skin extract granules that meet the requirements as natural food coloring and to determine the content and effectiveness of dragon fruit skin extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) which can lower blood glucose levels. This research method is experimental. The One Way Anova test and the Tukey HSD post-hoc test were used to analyze the data. The outcomes showed that there were 9 granule recipes that met the assessment test necessities. After being induced by 20% fructose solution, the glucose level study revealed that the treatment of dragon fruit skin extract at 100, 200, and 400 mg / kgBW was able to lower blood glucose levels in test animals. Winged serpent natural product skin concentrate can be formed as granules. Equations 2 and 3 produce the best tone. The consequences of the review reasoned that winged serpent natural product skin remove (Hylocereus polyrhizus) at dosages of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kgBW was viable in decreasing blood glucose levels in guinea pigs prompted by 20% fructose arrangement and a portion of 200 mg/kgBW gave an impact of lessening blood glucose levels that was practically equivalent to the positive control.
The Analgesic Activity Study of Ethanol Extract of Plantago Major L. in Mice (Mus Musculus L.) using Writhing Test Method Puteri, Cut Intan Annisa; Simahate, Sadjnah; Ningtias, Anggitha; Fauzi, Ziza Putri Aisyia; Karo-Karo, Sry Ulina; Andry, Muhammad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7650

Abstract

Plantago major L. are known as weeds on plantations. Plantago major L. is effective to overcome pain because they contain secondary flavonoid metabolites that have the potential as pain relievers. The purpose of the experiment was to determine the analgesic effect of ethanol extract on Plantago major L. plant on male white mice. The experiment, phytochemical screening of ethanol and powder extracts from Plantago major L. plant, powder of simplicia characterization examination and analgesic effect using writhing test were carried out. As a pain inducer, 0.5% acetic acid is used intraperitoneally injected the lower abdomen of the mice and the amount of stretching is calculated with an interval of 5 minutes for 1 hour. The suspension of ethanol extract of Plantago major L. was given at a dose of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg / kg BW, 2% methampyron suspension as a positive control and 0.5% CMC suspension as a negative control. Pharmacological test results based on ANOVA test found that the amount of stretching between treatment groups was significantly different (p <0.05). The results of the analgesic effectiveness percentage obtained that the EEPM (Ethanol Extract of Plantago Major L.) suspension dose 500, 1000 and 2000 mg / kg BW had the highest analgesic power at a dose of 2000 mg / kg BW of 85.84%, EEPM suspension group 1000 mg / kg BW of 74.96 % and in the EETDS suspension group 500 mg / kg BW 62.37%.
Formulation and Effectiveness Test of Liquid Soap from Siam Weed (Chromolaena odorata (L.) Leaves Ethanol Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus Diana, Vivi Eulis; Abadi, Hafizhatul; Andry, Muhammad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7981

Abstract

Chromolaena odorata (L.) is one of the plants known as weeds. Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and glycosides are active chemicals found in Siam weed leaves. The study aimed to see if an ethanol extract of Siam weed leaves can be made into liquid soap and has antibacterial action against Staphylococcus aureus germs. The liquid soap of Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata L.) leaf ethanol extract at concentrations of 3%, 6%, and 9% was carried out experimentally in the laboratory, along with physical liquid soap evaluation tests such as organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, foam height test, specific gravity test, test irritation, and hedonic test. Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were then tested. The assessment test criteria were met by making liquid soap preparations of ethanol extract of Siam weed leaves  at concentrations of 3%, 6%, and 9%. The color of the solid soap was brown - dark brown, and the texture was liquid with a lemon scent; the homogeneity test showed that all preparations were homogeneous; the pH test of the soap was 9.1 -9.7; the foam height test was 53-66 mm; the specific gravity test was 1-1.01 g/ml; and the irritation test revealed that all preparations had no reaction to redness, itching, and swelling on the skin. The hedonic test on skin revealed that all preparations obtained favorable evaluations from the panelists. The antibacterial activity of liquid soap against Staphylococcus aureus germs was F1 3.65 mm, F2 5.75mm, and F3 6.5mm. Based on the results of the Staphylococcus aureus test, it could be concluded that in the formula F1 (3% concentration), F2 (6% concentration) and F3 (9% concentration) had an inhibition zone.
Anti-Fungal Activity Testing of Purple Cabbage (Brassica oleracea Linn.) Ethanol Extract in Inhibiting The Fungi Growth Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur Khairani, Tetty Noverita; Fitri, Khairani; Andry, Muhammad; Sarumaha, Paska Eli
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.8009

Abstract

One of the plants that has the potential to be utilized as medicine is purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea Linn.). Commensal fungi like Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur can be found in the genitourinary tract, vagina, urethra, skin, fingers, and toes, among other places on the body. The purpose of: The study aimed to learn more about the antifungal properties of the ethanol extract of purple cabbage in preventing the growth of Malassezia furfur and Candida albicans. This study used an experimental design to examine the independent variables of the purple cabbage extract with various doses of the growth activity test of Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur, as well as their inhibition zones. Purple cabbage contains steroids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoid compounds. With concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and positive control, the average diameter of the inhibitory zone for Candida albicans was 4.83 mm, 7.2mm, 8.75mm, and 6.21mm. The concentrations of Malassezia furfur at 10%, 20%, 30%, and the positive control were 4.61mm, 6.36mm, 8.83mm, and 6.15mm, respectively. As a negative control, DMSO failed to exhibit an inhibitory zone. Statistics revealed a substantial difference, indicating that the concentration had an impact on how the inhibition zone developed. The ethanol extract of purple cabbage has antifungal action, and the treatment with the 30% extract concentration forms the optimal concentration. It is advised that more research be done on the antifungal activity of purple cabbage extract against various kinds of fungus and that dosage forms be created for it.
Formulation and Evaluation of Facial Wash Gel Preparation from Celery Leaf Ethanol Extract (Apium graveolens L.) Against Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria Ginting, Indra; Mukhali, Hassan Basri bin; Abas, Mohd Ihsanuddin Bin; Aji, Andrey; Rachelli, Rachelli; Andry, Muhammad; Sibero, Jitasari Tarigan; Rudang, Singgar Ni
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8500

Abstract

Facial wash is a facial cleansing soap that can clean oil and cosmetics that stick to the face. Usually facial wash has a low pH or close to the skin's normal pH, namely 4.5-6.5 and contains milder detergent. Researchers are to determine which celery leaf extract (Apium graveolens L.) is being evaluated as a facial wash preparation and to determine which facial wash preparation has inhibitory power for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This research is experimental using the maceration method. The sample used in this research was 10 kilograms of celery leaves. Results : Testing the pH of the celery leaf ethanol extract facial wash gel preparation for each F0, F1, F2 and F3 showed that the pH of the celery leaf ethanol extract facial wash gel preparation decreased due to the presence of acid compounds in celery leaves, causing the pH to decrease slightly but still within the pH range. topical, namely 4.5-7.0 and the pH of the celery leaf ethanol extract facial wash gel preparation above shows a relatively neutral pH which is still safe for the skin. The facial wash gel preparation of ethanol extract of celery leaves (Apium graveolens L.) has an inhibitory zone containing Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in K(+), K(-), F1 (5%), F2 (10%) and F3 (15%) with strong inhibition zone category. Researchers found that the ethanol extract of celery leaves can be formulated in the form of a facial wash gel. It is recommended that further research be carried out on the effectiveness of celery leaves with different concentrations and methods.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Teh Herbal Biji Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) dengan Tambahan Daun stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) sebagai Pemanis Alami dengan Metode DPPH Andry, Muhammad; Ramadaini, Tiara; Marseli, Cindy; Nurfitriyana, Nurfitriyana; Azzahra, Rafifah; Syahputra, Hafid; Shiyan, Shaum
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1070

Abstract

Free radicals are an important health concern due to their role in the development of various diseases. Antioxidants, capable of neutralizing free radicals, are abundant in plants such as durian seeds (Durio zibethinus Murr.) and stevia leaves (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). Herbal tea formulated from these materials has potential as an alternative functional drink because both contain phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of durian seeds and stevia leaves as herbal tea with antioxidant properties. The research involved sample collection, identification, preparation of simplicia, characterization, formulation of herbal tea, quality testing, and determination of antioxidant activity. The simplicia characteristics of durian seeds and stevia leaves showed water content of 6.16% each, water-soluble extract of 35% and 15.8%, ethanol-soluble extract of 25.5% and 14.6%, total ash of 0.73% and 0.3%, and acid-insoluble ash of 0.5% and 0.26%. Quality testing of the herbal tea showed water content of 2.18%, total ash of 3.90%, water-soluble ash of 73.85%, and acid-insoluble ash of 3.80%. Antioxidant activity based on IC50 values was 68.45 ± 1.32 ppm for durian seed tea, 61.6 ± 1.05 ppm for stevia tea, 39.28 ± 0.98 ppm (1:1), 44.64 ± 1.11 ppm (1:2), and 42.32 ppm ± 1.07 (2:1). These results indicate that combining durian seeds and stevia leaves can enhance antioxidant activity compared to individual extracts. Overall, durian seeds and stevia leaves can be developed into herbal tea formulations with very strong antioxidant activity, as reflected in their ability to reduce DPPH radicals. Radikal
PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK BUAH TAKOKAK (Solanum torvum Sw.) PADA FORMULASI MINUMAN SUPLEMEN SEBAGAI SUMBER ANTIOKSIDAN Faisal, Hendri; Andry, Muhammad; Lumbantoruan, Jernih Marisatua
AGRIBIOS Vol 22 No 2 (2024): November
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36841/agribios.v22i2.5452

Abstract

The takokak fruit (Solanum torvum Sw.) is a wild plant and a member of the nightshade family that thrives in fertile, water-rich soils. Takokak fruit (Solanum torvum Sw.) contains flavonoid compounds that act as antioxidants. Consuming beverages rich in antioxidants can enhance the immune system and inhibit the onset of degenerative diseases, one source of which can be found in supplement drinks containing takokak fruit extract. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity value (IC50) in supplement drinks with takokak fruit extract using the DPPH method through UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and to identify the concentration of the supplement drink most preferred by volunteers with additions of 6%, 8%, and 10% extract. The research was conducted experimentally, including sample collection, plant identification, preparation of simplicia, extraction, characterization tests of simplicia, preparation of formulations, evaluation tests of formulations, and tests for free radical scavenging activity. The results showed that the IC50 values of the supplement drink formulations with takokak fruit extract were 120.9875 ppm for F1, 99.7778 ppm for F2, and 82.0887 ppm for F3. The beverage formulations exhibited a green color characteristic, with a solution pH of 6.32-6.37, and demonstrated good stability during storage using cycling tests. The takokak fruit extract can be formulated as a supplement drink source of antioxidants, classified as moderate and strong, with the concentration most preferred by volunteers being F1 (6%).
FORMULASI DAN UJI ANTIDIARE SEDIAAN PATCH TRANSDERMAL EKSTRAK DAUN SENGGANI (Melastoma malabathricum L.) TERHADAP KELINCI Winata, Hanafis Sastra; Abadi, Hafizhatul; Leny, Leny; Andry, Muhammad; Ngete, Ani Florida; Yudianto, Tri; Nurjanah, Ayu; Pamungkas, Barolym Tri; Gumilar, Roni
AGRIBIOS Vol 22 No 2 (2024): November
Publisher : Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36841/agribios.v22i2.5494

Abstract

One plant that has been used for traditional medicine with good results is Melastoma (Melastoma malabatricum L.). The plant known as Melastoma has three active compounds: tannins, saponins, and flavonoids. Melastoma leaves work well to cure diarrhoea. Adhesive patches with medication applied topically are called transdermal patches. Melastoma leaf extract transdermal patch formulations were utilised in this study, which employed laboratory experimental techniques. The potential of Melastoma leaf extract transdermal patch preparation formula as an antidiarrheal for rabbits was the subject of the study. Concentrations of extract: 10%, 20%, and 30%. Organoleptic testing, pH tests, weight uniformity tests, moisture tests, thickness tests, and fold resistance tests were the preparatory assessment parameters that were conducted. The characteristics of the antidiarrheal test were timing of diarrhoea occurrences, consistency of the stool, frequency of diarrhoea, and length of diarrhoea, all of which were monitored for six hours. The evaluation of the Melastoma leaf extract transdermal patch formulation demonstrated a significant difference, namely <0.05, according to the results of the ANOVA data analysis. The antidiarrheal test parameters had a significant difference between each concentration, namely <0.05, according to the findings of the ANOVA data analysis. The conclusions was possible to use a transdermal patch formulation of Melastoma leaf extract (Melastoma malabathricum L.) at a 30% concentration to prevent diarrhoea by making stools softer.
Effectiveness of Ointment Therapy Products Based on Snakehead Fish Extract (Channa Striata) Combined with Black Honey (Epis Dorsata) on Post-Operative Wound Patients Mulidan, Mulidan; Andry, Muhammad
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 6 No S6 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v6iS6.4654

Abstract

Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is a type of freshwater fish that is widely known by the public. The efficacy and benefits of this fish, especially in increasing albumin which is important for the body, have been scientifically proven. Snakehead fish has a very high protein content and is a source of albumin for patients with hypoalbuminemia and wounds. Black honey is also known to have great benefits in the process of tissue formation in wounds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic ointments based on snakehead fish extract combined with black honey in post-operative patients. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental method with a post-test only with control group design, a sampling technique with purposive sampling with inclusion criteria involving 30 participants who were divided into control and intervention groups. The intervention group was given snakehead fish extract ointment and black honey for 2 weeks. Observations of the wounds were carried out before and after the application of the ointment in both groups. Pre and post intervention scores were measured using the REEDA (Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, Approximation) instrument, with a score range of 0-2 for good wounds and 9-15 for bad wounds. Statistical analysis used the Paired T-test with a significance level of p<0.005. Results: The results showed that patients who received the intervention experienced an increase in wound healing scores. In the intervention group, 7 respondents (56.7%) showed good wound healing and 8 respondents (53.3%) showed moderate healing. Concentration F1 was proven to be more effective than F2 and F3. Based on statistical tests, there was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups, with the Paired Sample Test showing a p value <0.000 in the intervention group, while the control group was not significant (p>0.334) with an average intervention value (12.86) and control (11.53). Conclusion: Ointment based on snakehead fish extract combined with black honey has been proven to be effective in accelerating wound healing in postoperative patients.
Uji kadar total polifenol buah asam kandis (Garcinia xanthochymus Hook.f.ex T.Anderson) dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-VIS dan LCMS Winata, Hanafis Sastra; Faisal, Hendri; Andry, Muhammad; Naziyah, Syifa; Nasution, Muhammad Amin
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences Suppl. 1, No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i5-si.320

Abstract

Background: Kandis tamarind has various activities, such as antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial. This study aimed to determine the total polyphenol content of kandis acid fruit and the types of phenolic compounds contained in kandis acid fruit. This type of research was experimental, using 70% ethanol solvent. The research method used was a polyphenol qualitative test, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and LC-MS. The results of qualitative measurements showed that the samples contained polyphenolic compounds. The results of the polyphenol test on the kandis acid fruit sample on 1% FeCl3 reagent and diazo reagent got positive results, while the Millon reagent got negative results. The study's results show that the determination of the levels of polyphenol content in kandis acid fruit extract was measured using UV-VIS spectrophotometry by adhering to the working principle of Folin-Ciocalteau. The proof of polyphenol content used the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent because this reagent can react with a group of polyphenolic compounds to form a concentrated solution whose absorbance can be measured. The higher the sample concentration, the higher the absorbance value. The results of determining the polyphenol content of the kandis acid fruit extract using uv-vis spectrophotometry had a polyphenol compound component of 61.1015 mg GAE/g sample. The results of the LC-MS analysis for the highest phenolic compound, namely the type of vanillic acid, amounted to 14.21%.  
Co-Authors Abadi, Hafizhatul Abas, Mohd Ihsanuddin Bin Ade Shindy F Br Sembiring Ade Sumiardi Adek Chan Agustiansyah, Lucky Dita Aji, Andrey Akmal Muhni Anggi, Reza Destri Arfiani Arifin Aris Ma'ruf Asyrun Alkhairi Lubis Ayu Safitri Ayu Safitri Ayu Safitri Ayu Wulan Putri Selayan Bakri , Tedy Kurniawan Budiadi Diana, Vivi Eulis Dini Permata Sari Dominica, Dwi Dwiyarina Margarisa Erina Candra Wati Ervina Syahfitri Lubis Fahma Shufyani Faisal , Hendri Faisal, Hendri Fajar Fakri Fajar Hidayanto, Fajar Fira Safitri Fitri, Khairani Ginting , Indra Ginting, Indra Gumilar, Roni Hafid Syahputra Hanafis Sastra Winata Hanafis Satra Winata Hari Hariadi Hari Hariadi Hari Hariadi, Hari Hartini, Putri Tri Hendra Jaya Hendri Faisal Hendri Faisal Hendri Faisal Hendri Faisal Hindri Syahputri Husaini, Fahri Husnarika Febriani, Husnarika Ika Julianti Tambunan Illian , Didi Nurhadi Indra Ginting Isnaini , Nadia Isti Dwi Pruschia Jashima Ukhtia Jefri Naldi Jefri Naldi Karo-Karo, Sry Ulina Khairani Fitri Khairani, Tetty Noverita Leni Halimatusyadiah Leni Widiarti, Leni Leny Leny, Leny Ligo, Azzura Lilik Septiana Lubis, Indah Pertiwi Lubis, Meiva Amalia Lucky Dita Agustiansyah Lucky Dita Agustiansyah Lumbantoruan, Jernih Marisatua Luthvia Luthvia Luthvia, Luthvia M. Fariz Fadillah M. Fariz Fadillah M. Fariz Fadillah M. Fariz Fadillah M. Fariz Fadillah M. Fariz Fadillah Mardianto Maritha, Vevi Marseli, Cindy Mayang Sari Mayang Sari Melia Sari Melia Sari Melia Sari, Melia Mochammad Imron Awalludin Muhammad Amin Nasution Muhammad Amin Nasution Muhammad Amin Nasution Muhammad Fauzan Lubis Muhammad Yunus Mukhali, Hassan Basri bin Mulidan, Mulidan Mutia Muhardiyanti Nabila, Nabila Naldi, Jefri Nasution , Muhammad Amin Nasution, Halimnah Raina Naziyah, Syifa Ngete, Ani Florida Nia Novranda Pertiwi Nidia Rizka Ningrum, Nurlian Augustin Ningtias, Anggitha Nurcahyani, Nadya Nurfitriyana Nurfitriyana Nurjanah, Ayu Nurul Aulia Pamungkas, Barolym Tri Panjaitan, Yuli Cahyani Pradita, Diding Pricella Ginting Puteri, Cut Intan Annisa Rachelli, Rachelli Rafifah Azzahra Raisa Fadila Ramadaini, Tiara Ratna Fitri Yenny, Ratna Fitri Rida Evalina Tarigan Rizqi Muhammad Mahbub Rudang , Singgar Ni Rudang, Singgar Ni Rumanti, Ruth Mayana Rustini Sajaratud Dur, Sajaratud Sari, Syilvi Rinda Sarumaha, Paska Eli Shaum Shiyan Shufyani, Fahma Sibero, Jitasari Tarigan Simahate, Sadjnah Simanjuntak, Monica Nelly Siska Dwi Anggraeni Situmorang, Renni Paska Surbakti, Chemayanti Suseno Amien Susiyanti Susiyanti Syariful Mubarok Tetty Noverita Khairani Tetty Noverita Khairani Tetty Noverita Khairani Tri Mayanti Ulfa Melyza Utama, Rezza Fikrih Vannissa Andriani Irawan Vevi Maritha Wani, Rahma Wijayanti, Fitria Eka Resti Winata, Hanafis Sastra Yudianto, Tri Yusep Ikrawan Ziza Putri Aisyia Fauzi