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Journal : Journal of Fisheries

Designing of a Novel Aerolysin-based Multiepitope Vaccine against Aeromonas hydrophila Isolated from Osphronemus goramy Using Reverse Vaccinology: an in Silico Approaches Rozi; Tyasningsih, Wiwiek; Rahmahani, Jola; Aksono, Eduardus Bimo; Yunus , Muchammad; Al-Arif, Mohammad Anam; Kuncorojati, Suryo; Kusdarwati, Rahayu; Sari, Putri Desi Wulan; Amal, Mohammad Noor Azmai; Salleh, Annas; Khanand, Nadeem; Suwarno
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 16 No. 2 (2024): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v16i2.62035

Abstract

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research The study aims to develop a multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) against A. hydrophila by targeting the aerolysin toxin, a key virulence factor responsible for infections in fish and humans. Computational methods identified and optimized B-cell and T-cell epitopes, focusing on their ability to trigger immune responses without causing toxicity or allergenicity. In silico simulations demonstrated that the MEV has a strong binding affinity to immune receptors like TLR-4, MHC-I, and MHC-II, indicating its potential to induce robust cellular and humoral immunity. Structural analysis of the MEV showed a stable 3D conformation, with most residues in favorable regions, ensuring stability during immune activation. The MEV could enhance disease control in aquaculture and reduce human infection risks, offering a promising solution to address antibiotic resistance and the absence of effective vaccines. Abstract Aeromonas hydrophila, gram-negative, is a major pathogen responsible for various diseases in mammals, reptiles, amphibia, and vertebrates, including fish and humans. Targeting the specific toxin aerolysin in A. hydrophila is crucial to address antibiotic resistance and the lack of adequate and protective vaccines against this intracellular pathogen. This study aimed to identify a multi-epitope vaccination (MEV) candidate targeting A. hydrophila aerolysin toxin to combat the disease effectively. Standard biochemical characterization methods and sequencing of the 16S rRNA, rpoB, and aerA genes identified the isolate AHSA1 as A. hydrophila. Subsequently, we identified B and T cell epitopes on the aerolysin protein and separately predicted MHC-I and MHC-II epitopes. The epitopes are then evaluated for toxicity, antigenicity, allergenicity, and solubility. The vaccine design integrated multi-epitope-based constructs, utilizing specialized linkers (GPGPG) and EAAAK linkers to connect epitope peptides with adjuvants in the cholera toxin B component, thereby enhancing immunogenicity. Ramachandran plots showed that 85.25% of the residues were located in the most favorable regions, which was followed by the generously allowed zone (1.30%), the additional allowed regions (10.80%), and the forbidden regions (2.65%), thus confirming the feasibility of the modeled vaccine design. Based on docking simulations, MEV had the highest binding and interaction energies with TLR-4, TLR-9, MHC-I, and MHC-II (-1081.4, -723.2, 866.2, -9043.3 kcal/mol). Based on computational modelling, we expect the Aerolysin MEV candidate design to activate diverse immune mechanisms, stimulate robust responses against A. hydrophila, and maintain safety. The significant solubility, absence of toxicity or allergic response, and minimal side effects in animal testing all contribute to the potential clinical utility of this vaccine candidate.  
Co-Authors Adi, Handaru Indrian Sasmito Adiputra, Dede Kurnia Agus Subagyo Agustin, H.C. Kis Ahmad Agus Alim Ahmad Yusam Thobroni, Ahmad Yusam Ai Fauziah Aklani, Syaeful Anas Al arif, Mohammad Anam Alifianda, Aulia R. Alkusani Amal, Mohammad Noor Azmai Andrinaldo, Arisky Anita Rauzana Arifin, Daud Astri Riance Ayu Juni Sihombing Bahrullah Akbar Capricornness, Vincent Christian, Marvin Christian, Yefta Dandi Novriansya Deby Fauzi Asidiqi Deli, Deli Dewi Anggraini Didik Himmawan Diwa Ardhaza Eduardus Bimo Aksono Herupradoto Elisa Ambarwati, Mei Elly Lestari Rustiati Elmo Novera Elvika Fit Ari Shanti, Elvika Fit Ari Emy Koestanti Sabdoningrum Endah Puji Astuti, Endah Puji Erwin Fajriyati Nur Azizah Faqih Faizal Rahman Faris Salman Faza Fidyah Fitrawati, Fidyah Friska, Renny Ginanjar, Ajeng Haeriah Hafid Nur Muhammad Helmi Putra, Satria Hendra Purwanto Henny Sri Astuty Herman Hernawaty Heru Baskoro IGG Heru Marwanto Ikhwatul, Nisa Indra Sidharta Indro Kirono Ira Sari Yudaniayanti Irma Idayati Irmayuni Isroani, Farida Jeni Amperasari Jesselyn Jitarunas, Ahmad Jongudomkarn, Darunee Josua Yoprisyanto Juanita Kadek Rachmawati Karma Iswasta Eka Karo-karo, Desniwaty Kesuma, Indrawati Mara Khanand, Nadeem Kharisma Krisda Siagian Kuncorojati, Suryo Kurniawan , Bagus Lenni Fitri Letri Yuniar Harum Lutfiyati, Afi M. Anam Al Arif M. Hanif Satria Budi Mahdalena Maya Sari Mubarok, Fahmi Mugirah Muhaammad Fitra Zambak Muhammad Almi Hidayat Muhammad Erwan Syah Muhammad Habibi Muhammad Hatta Muhammad Iqbal Muhammad Noor Hidayat Muslich Marzuki Mahdor Nadliroh, Fatihatun Nalendra, Agustinus D. Ngurah Ayu Nyoman Murniati Niken Wulandari Nisa Ikhwatul Noorjahan, Momin Nur Faliza Nuraini AR, Nuraini Nurrohmad, Edi Onrizal Onrizal Permatasari, Fitri A. Pratiwi, Dian Neli Pratiwi, Shella Priyambodo Purnamaningsih, Nur’Aini Purwandi, Nellsen Putra, Tria Sasangka Putu Suwarta Rachmawati Rahmahani, Jola Rahmani, Anggi Rahmanto , Endy Satya Ramadhan, Puja Rizqy Rara Irbah Fitriana Karimah Ratna Lestari Rengasamy, Dhanuskodi Retnosyari Septiyani Rizki, Alia Rohana Ronal Aprianto Rozi Rukmi, Dwi Kartika Salleh, Annas Sari, Putri Desi Wulan Sendora, Desta Septiyani, Retnosyari Shella Pratiwi Sherlyna Puasari Silva Izza Majida Soeharsono Soraya Tanjung, Febrian Sri Hidanah Sriyanto Subata , Imam Sukaris Supriyadi Surajiyo Surajiyo SUTIKNO Syaeful Anas Aklani Tatik Ariyati Teguh Wahyono TRI PRABOWO Tri Sunarsih Trilas Sardjito Tyasningsih, Wiwiek Wahyono, Agus Warseno, Agus Wenny Savitri Wicaksana, Ancha Budi Wijanarko, Wahyu Wijayanti, Ika Dewi Wira Dharma Wiwik Misaco Yuniarti Yekki Yasmin Yoputra, Keaton Yulianna Puspitasari Yunus , Muchammad Yunus, Muchammad Zahidi, Salman