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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) SAINS MEDIKA : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN Jurnal Ners Indonesia Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Andalas (Andalas Journal of Public Health) Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Jurnal Mirai Management Jurnal Kesehatan Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan Suara Forikes Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas JIM UPB (Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Universitas Putera Batam) International Journal of Educational Dynamics (IJEDS) Buletin Ilmiah Nagari Membangun Journal of Midwifery JIK- JURNAL ILMU KESEHATAN Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Majalah Kedokteran Andalas JPPM (Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat) JURNAL KEBIDANAN KESTRA (JKK) Jurnal Bidan Cerdas Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health JURNAL KESEHATAN MERCUSUAR Andalas obstetrics and gynecology journal PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Journal of Telenursing (JOTING) Science Midwifery Jurnal Dunia Gizi Warta Pengabdian Andalas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengembangan Dan Penerapan Ipteks Jurnal Kesehatan Saintika Meditory Community Medicine and Education Journal Journal Of World Science Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia (JIKSI) Jurnal Riset Kebidanan Indonesia Jurnal Endurance: Kajian Ilmiah Problema Kesehatan Women Midwives and Midwifery Economica: Journal of Economic and Economic Education JUKEJ: Jurnal Kesehatan Jompa Jurnal Riset Ilmiah The 1st Alifah Health Science College Symposium Proceeding Jurnal Sains, Teknologi dan Kesehatan Jurnal Siti Rufaidah Proceeding International Health Conference Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Hardisman
Department Of Public Health And Community Medicine, Faculty Of Medicine, Andalas University
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Narrative Review of the Effect of Endorphin Massage and Oxytocin Massage on Pain Intensity in Maternity Women Selian, Rada Almina; Hardisman, Hardisman; Yulizawati, Yulizawati; Firdawati, Firdawati; Iffah, Uliy
Women, Midwives and Midwifery Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Women, Midwives and Midwifery journal
Publisher : Asosiasi Pendidikan Kebidanan Indonesia (AIPKIND)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36749/wmm.4.1.50-70.2024

Abstract

Background: Childbirth is the effort or process of expelling a full-term baby which is often accompanied by pain caused by contractions in the uterus. From the research results, it was found that 32% of 300 women who gave birth during the active phase experienced severe pain, 57% moderate pain, and 11% mild pain. Evidence shows that fear of vaginal childbirth and anxiety experienced by many women during their pregnancy. Therefore, it then led to their decision to choose other methods of birth such as Section Caesarea (SC). The effects of anxiety during labor could potentially result in excessive levels of catecholamines causing decreased blood flow to the uterus, decreased uterine contractions, decreased blood flow to the placenta, decreased oxygen available to the fetus, and can increase the length of labor. One of alternative methods of dealing with pain during the labor process is using non-pharmacological such as endorphin massage and oxytocin massage. Purpose: The aim of this literature study was to present information about the effect of endorphin massage and oxytocin massage on the intensity of pain among mothers giving birth. Methods: This research method was a literature review study. Journal searches were carried out by applying online database such as ScienceDirect, Google scholar, Pubmed, Scopus, Portal Garuda. Articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: The study investigated the influence of endorphin and oxytocin massages on pain intensity in maternity mothers during childbirth, revealing a significant reduction in pain levels following the administration of these massages. Both endorphin and oxytocin massages were found to alleviate pain, induce relaxation, and promote feelings of comfort and calmness, thereby facilitating a smoother birth process. Conclusion: The influence of endorphin massage and oxytocin massage is useful in reducing pain in maternity mothers
Narative Review The Effect of Endorphin Massage and Counter Pressure During Labor On Endorphin Hormone Release Rizal, Wadratul Jannah; Yulizawati, Yulizawati; Hardisman, Hardisman; Firdawati, Firdawati; Rita, Rauza Sukma
Women, Midwives and Midwifery Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Women, Midwives and Midwifery journal
Publisher : Asosiasi Pendidikan Kebidanan Indonesia (AIPKIND)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36749/wmm.4.2.56-72.2024

Abstract

Background: Labor pain is a subjective experience associated with uterine contractions, stretching of the cervix, and descent of the fetal head. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), every year, 210 million pregnancies occur in the world, and 20 million women experience pain due to childbirth. Of the 2700 mothers giving birth, 30% experienced severe pain, 20% of labor was accompanied by very severe pain, and 15% experienced mild pain. Non-pharmacological therapy continues to be developed in the world of obstetrics, which aims to provide comfort during the birthing process. Endorphin massage and counter pressure are non-pharmacological therapies that can stimulate the release of endorphins and reduce pain and anxiety during childbirth. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of endorphin massage and counter pressure during labor on the release of endorphin hormones and their benefits. Methods: This research method was a literature review study. Journal searches were carried out by applying online databases such as PubMed, Garuda Portal, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The analysis was carried out on 32 research articles. It was found that endorphin massage and counter pressure are non-pharmacological techniques to overcome and reduce labor pain and anxiety through the help of endorphin hormones which are useful for a smooth delivery process. Conclusion: The influence of endorphin massage and counter pressure during labor on the release of endorphin hormones, which are useful for reducing labor pain, reducing anxiety, increasing comfort, and speeding up the labor process.
Gambaran Persepsi Tenaga Kesehatan Terhadap Kolaborasi Interprofesi dalam Penanganan Pasien Diabetes Melitus di Rumah Sakit Universitas Andalas Hadyan Imal Fathoni; Laila Isrona; Yusrawati; Hardisman; Yulistini; Eka Kurniawan
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): MKA October 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v48.i4.p445-456.2025

Abstract

Latar belakang: Kolaborasi interprofesi meningkatkan kualitas perawatan diabetes melitus, tetapi persepsi antarprofesi bervariasi dan belum dievaluasi secara komprehensif. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran persepsi tenaga kesehatan terhadap implementasi kolaborasi interprofesi dalam penanganan pasien DM di Rumah Sakit Universitas Andalas (RS UNAND); Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian cross sectional dan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah 100 tenaga kesehatan yang terlibat dalam penanganan pasien DM di RS UNAND. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Collaborative Practice Assessment Tools (CPAT); Hasil: Hasil penelitian dikategorikan menjadi tiga yaitu tingkat persepsi tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil tingkat persepsi seluruh tenaga kesehatan dikategorikan tinggi (100%); Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian yaitu secara umum, seluruh tenaga kesehatan memiliki tingkat persepsi tinggi terhadap kolaborasi interprofesi dalam penanganan pasien DM di RS UNAND. Sebagian besar tenaga kesehatan memiliki tingkat persepsi sedang dan rendah pada komponen persepsi pembuatan keputusan dan manajemen konflik.
GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI PARU PADA PASIEN COVID-19: SEBUAH TINJAUAN LITERATUR Hermafasya, Ayu Octarin; Asri, Aswiyanti; Hardisman, Hardisman; Yenita, Yenita; Anggrainy, Fenty; Yulistini, Yulistini
SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Maret 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/sinergi.v2i3.983

Abstract

COVID-19 was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020, posing a global challenge for healthcare workers. Understanding the histopathological characteristics of the lungs in COVID-19 patients is crucial for elucidating the disease's pathophysiology. This literature review analyzes pulmonary histopathological findings based on 34 articles retrieved from PubMed, including case reports, case series, and other descriptive studies published between March 2020 and April 2022. A total of 264 patients were examined, the majority of whom were male (184 individuals) with an average age of 64 years. Most patients had comorbidities such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and chronic pulmonary disease. Key histopathological findings included hyaline membrane formation, endothelial cell damage, interstitial cell involvement, alveolar and interstitial edema, hemorrhage, microthrombi, and fibrin deposits. These histological patterns suggest diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) in both exudative and proliferative phases, organizing pneumonia (OP), and acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP), with varying combinations observed in individual patients.
Narrative Review of The Effectiveness of Rolling Massage and Endorphin Massage on ASI Production in Breastfeeding Mothers Aprila, Prety Zinta; Hardisman, Hardisman; Yulizawati, Yulizawati
Journal of Midwifery Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023): Published on Desember 2023
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jom.8.2.15-24.2023

Abstract

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020 stated that 149.2 million children under 5 years old are affected by stunting. National Statistics Center of Indonesia (BPS) stated that 5.2% of child under 2 years were in underweight condition and 1.2% of them were very underweight. Based on Indonesian Health Ministry Regulation (No. 23 of 2014), efforts to implement balanced nutrition to overcome chronic nutritional problems can be done through exclusive breastfeeding. Besides that, in 2020, West Sumatra province experienced a decrease in the percentage of breastfeeding from (77.6%) to (69.7%), which was caused dominantly by factor decreased of breast milk production and secretion by 32%. WHO states that there are 10 steps for successful exclusive breastfeeding, one of which is breast care, that can be achieved by giving of rolling massage and endorphin massage, which not many people know about.Purpose: The aim of this literature study is to present information about the application of rolling massage and endorphin massage as a way to accelerate and increase breast milk production.Methods: This research  method  was  a  literature  review  study.  Journal  searches  were carried out by applying online database such as Pubmed, Garuda Portal, ScienceDirect and Google scholar. Articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: The analysis was carried out on 22 research articles. It was found that Rolling massage and endorphin massage are non-pharmacological techniques for breast care performed on the mother's back, neck and arms to trigger the excretion of the hormones prolactin and oxytocin.Conclusion: The influence of rolling massage and endorphin massage is useful in overcoming breast milk production constraintsKeywords: breastfeeding, breast milk, rolling massage, endorphin massage, breast care
PROGRAM “ASMARA - AYO SELAMATKAN MASA REMAJA” UNTUK MENCEGAH PERILAKU BERISIKO PADA SISWA SMPN 23 PADANG: Capacity Enhancement of Adolescent Health Cadres Through the Asmara - Let's Save Adolescence Program to Prevent Risky Behavior Among Students of 23 Junior High School, Padang Yetti, Husna; Burhan, Ida Rahmah; Rasyid, Rosfita; Lestari, Yuniar; Semiarty, Rima; Astiena, Adila Kasni; Fadila, Zurayya; Silvia, Nelmi; Abdiana; Machmud, Rizanda; Firdawati; Hardisman
BULETIN ILMIAH NAGARI MEMBANGUN Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : LPPM (Institute for Research and Community Services) Universitas Andalas Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/bina.v8i3.798

Abstract

Adolescence is a transitional period that is vulnerable to the emergence of risky behaviors, such as smoking, promiscuity, and lack of health concern. These behaviors can negatively impact adolescent growth and development physically, mentally, and socially. This community service activity aims to increase knowledge and awareness regarding preventing risky behaviors through a health education program for students of SMPN 23, Padang City. The activity methods include preparation and problem identification stages, coordination with partners, and implementation stages, including interactive counseling, group discussions, and distribution of leaflets and promotional banners. The first day of education targeted all students in grades VII and VIII of SMPN 23 Padang. On the second day, education focused on members of the Adolescent Health Cadre (KKR) and the Student Council (OSIS), totaling 27 people. Evaluation was carried out with pre-tests and post-tests to measure the increase in knowledge. The activity results showed a significant increase in the average knowledge score of the cadre students (77.78 to 94.07). In addition, the students showed enthusiasm and active involvement throughout the activity. This educational activity was successfully implemented smoothly and brought about an increase in knowledge among students, KKR cadres, and OSIS. Cadre students understand their role and are expected to be able to serve as peer educators when their peers encounter health issues or risky behavior. Similar activities, involving teachers and parents, need to be implemented continuously to optimize risky behavior prevention.
Exploring Adolescent Pregnancy Expectations in Continuity of Midwifery Care: A Qualitative Study in Indonesia Susanti, Dewi; Hardisman, Hardisman; Yusrawati, Yusrawati; Mudjiran, Mudjiran; Machmud, Rizanda; Nursal, Dien Gusta Anggraini; Maputra, Yantri; Hasnita, Evi
Jurnal Bidan Cerdas Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33860/jbc.v5i4.2339

Abstract

Introduction: Adolescent pregnancy presents a significant challenge to global reproductive health, including in Indonesia. The unique obstacles that young pregnant women encounter when seeking appropriate and supportive healthcare services call for a deeper understanding to improve maternal care. Purpose: This study aims to explore the expectations of young pregnant women regarding continuous midwifery care in Indonesia. Method: This research employed an exploratory qualitative approach, conducting 13 face-to-face interviews between January and June 2022. Participants included midwives, young mothers, a coordinating midwife, and Mother and Child Health (MCH) program holders. Interviews, lasting 1-1.5 hours, were conducted, and the interview data were rigorously analyzed thematically by the research team, strengthening data reliability through triangulation. Results: Continuity management emphasizes friendly service, privacy, clear communication, and comprehensive health assessments. Informational continuity involves comprehensive information, direct communication, attractive aids, and health education evaluation. Relational continuity highlights comprehensive maternal care, family tradition approval, reminders, and efficient care. The study underscores the importance of tailored, holistic, and culturally sensitive midwifery care for young pregnant women's overall well-being. Conclusion:   This study highlights adolescent pregnant women's unique needs, focusing on continuity management, informational continuity, and relational continuity. Proposed strategies include tailored health services, comprehensive maternal education, cultural sensitivity training for healthcare providers, policy integration, and diverse research. Successfully implementing these measures can significantly enhance maternal care outcomes for Indonesian adolescents.
KEBIJAKAN INTEGRATIF UNTUK PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN PASIEN PPOK MELALUI INTERVENSI NON-FARMAKOLOGIS: SUATU TINJAUAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIK Morika, Honesty Diana; Hardisman, Hardisman
Jurnal Kesehatan Saintika Meditory Vol 8, No 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : STIKES Syedza Saintika Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30633/jsm.v8i2.30669

Abstract

Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK) merupakan salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas global. Meskipun terapi farmakologis telah menjadi standar, intervensi non-farmakologis seperti rehabilitasi paru, edukasi pasien, dan latihan pernapasan terbukti memberikan manfaat signifikan terhadap kapasitas fungsional, kualitas hidup, serta penurunan angka eksaserbasi. Namun, implementasinya di Indonesia masih terbatas akibat kendala kebijakan, fasilitas, dan sumber daya manusia.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mensintesis bukti ilmiah serta kebijakan yang mendukung penerapan intervensi non-farmakologis dalam peningkatan kesehatan pasien PPOK sebagai dasar pengembangan kerangka kebijakan integratif di Indonesia.Penelitian ini merupakan tinjauan literatur sistematik terhadap artikel yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2014–2024. Pencarian dilakukan melalui database internasional (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) dan nasional (Portal Garuda) dengan kata kunci “COPD”, “pulmonary rehabilitation”, “self-management”, “breathing exercise”, dan “policy implementation”. Artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dievaluasi menggunakan pedoman PRISMA 2020. Data diekstraksi dalam bentuk tabel yang mencakup penulis, tahun, jurnal, metode, jumlah sampel, serta hasil utama.Sebanyak 30 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Bukti menunjukkan bahwa rehabilitasi paru meningkatkan kapasitas fungsional dan kualitas hidup, program edukasi dan self-management menurunkan frekuensi eksaserbasi dan rawat inap, serta latihan pernapasan efektif mengurangi gejala dispnea. Hambatan kebijakan meliputi keterbatasan akses, biaya, dan kurangnya integrasi layanan non-farmakologis dalam sistem kesehatan primer.Intervensi non-farmakologis berperan penting dalam manajemen komprehensif PPOK. Penguatan kebijakan yang integratif, pelatihan tenaga kesehatan, dan pengembangan program berbasis komunitas merupakan langkah strategis untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien serta efisiensi layanan kesehatan di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: PPOK, kebijakan kesehatan, rehabilitasi paru, edukasi pasien, latihan pernapasan, intervensi non-farmakologis.
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN DAN INTERVENSI PENYAKIT STROKE DI KOMUNITAS: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW Syukriadi, Syukriadi; Hardisman, Hardisman
Jurnal Kesehatan Saintika Meditory Vol 8, No 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : STIKES Syedza Saintika Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30633/jsm.v8i2.30677

Abstract

Stroke merupakan penyebab utama kematian dan kecacatan global, dengan beban yang semakin meningkat di negara berpenghasilan rendah-menengah. Meskipun pedoman berbasis bukti telah tersedia, implementasi intervensi non-farmakologis dalam rehabilitasi pasca-stroke masih menghadapi tantangan signifikan, khususnya di tingkat komunitas. Tinjauan literatur sistematis ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis bukti terkini mengenai efektivitas intervensi non-farmakologis dalam rehabilitasi stroke dan menganalisis kesenjangan antara bukti ilmiah dengan implementasi kebijakan. Penelitian ini mengadopsi metode systematic literature review dengan protokol PRISMA 2020. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada database Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, dan Google Scholar untuk periode 2019–2025. Sebanyak 15 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi, terdiri dari systematic review, randomized controlled trials (RCT), dan analisis kebijakan. Analisis integratif juga dilakukan terhadap dokumen kebijakan nasional dan internasional. Bukti menunjukkan bahwa intervensi non-farmakologis seperti Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (mCIMT), rehabilitasi realitas virtual (VR), latihan intensitas tinggi, dan terapi robotik secara signifikan efektif dalam meningkatkan fungsi motorik, keseimbangan, kebugaran kardiorespirasi, dan kemampuan berjalan. Intervensi yang dimulai dalam 3 bulan pertama pasca-stroke dengan dosis tinggi (>20 jam) menunjukkan hasil fungsional terbaik. Pendekatan berpusat pada pasien, termasuk manajemen diri berbasis teori, dukungan pengasuh (dyadic interventions), dan dukungan sebaya, terbukti meningkatkan kualitas hidup, partisipasi sosial, self-efficacy, serta mengurangi beban pengasuh dan depresi. Namun, implementasinya terkendala oleh keterbatasan sumber daya, waktu, dan pengetahuan. Rehabilitasi pasca-stroke yang efektif memerlukan pendekatan yang personal, intensif, tepat waktu, dan holistik. Diperlukan kepemimpinan yang kuat, sistem kesehatan kolaboratif, dan integrasi prediksi pemulihan yang dipersonalisasi untuk mendukung implementasi praktik berbasis bukti di tingkat komunitas.Kata Kunci: Rehabilitasi Stroke, Intervensi Non-Farmakologis, Tinjauan Sistematis, Analisis Kebijakan, Kesehatan Komunitas
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP SUPERVISI PROGRAM TUBERKULOSIS DI INDONESIA: SUATU TINJAUAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIK Oktarini, Sisca; Hardisman, Hardisman
Jurnal Kesehatan Saintika Meditory Vol 8, No 2 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : STIKES Syedza Saintika Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30633/jsm.v8i2.30690

Abstract

Tuberkulosis (TB) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat global, dan Indonesia menempati peringkat kedua dengan beban kasus tertinggi di dunia. Penguatan supervisi program TB merupakan strategi kunci dalam menjamin mutu layanan, kepatuhan terapi, dan pencapaian target eliminasi TB tahun 2030. Namun, berbagai evaluasi menunjukkan implementasi supervisi di lapangan masih belum optimal akibat kendala kebijakan, sumber daya manusia, dan sistem monitoring yang belum terintegrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mensintesis bukti ilmiah serta kebijakan kesehatan yang mendukung pelaksanaan supervisi program TB di Indonesia, sebagai dasar pengembangan model kebijakan pengawasan program yang efektif, terukur, dan berkelanjutan. Kajian ini merupakan tinjauan literatur sistematik terhadap artikel yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2021–2025. Pencarian dilakukan melalui PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, WHO IRIS, dan Portal Garuda menggunakan kata kunci “tuberculosis program supervision”, “health policy”, “monitoring and evaluation”, dan “national TB strategy”. Artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dinilai menggunakan pedoman PRISMA 2020, dan data diekstraksi dalam bentuk tabel yang mencakup penulis, tahun, jurnal, metode, fokus kebijakan, dan hasil utama. Hasilnya sebanyak 30 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa supervisi yang kuat berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan capaian notifikasi kasus, penurunan default rate, dan efisiensi pelaporan program. Hambatan utama meliputi keterbatasan pendanaan, beban kerja pengawas, lemahnya koordinasi antar-level manajemen, serta belum adanya standar nasional supervisi yang adaptif terhadap konteks daerah. Kesimpulan, kebijakan supervisi TB di Indonesia memerlukan pendekatan integratif berbasis bukti, dengan memperkuat tata kelola kebijakan, sistem monitoring digital, pelatihan petugas, dan mekanisme umpan balik berkelanjutan. Supervisi yang efektif akan menjadi elemen penting dalam transformasi sistem kesehatan dan pencapaian eliminasi TB nasional.Kata Kunci: Tuberkulosis, kebijakan kesehatan, supervisi program, monitoring evaluasi.
Co-Authors - Afrizal A. Heri Iswanto Abdi Setia Putra Abdiana Abdiana Abdiana, Abdiana Adang Bachtiar Afriwardi Afriwardi AFRIZAL AFRIZAL Afrizal Afrizal Ahmad Adi Trianto Aini Gusmarina Alfi Rudiman Amalia, Vella Amel Yanis Amelin, Fitrisia Andani Eka Putra Andina Dwinanda Anggina, Yani Anggrainy, Fenty Annisa Rahmi Adriyanti Anshar Bonas Silfa Antoni, Adi Aprila, Prety Zinta Ardian Amri Ari Fuad Fajri Astiena, Adila Kasni Aswiyanti Asri Aumas Pabuti Ayunda, Aldina Bobby Indra Utama Dedy Almasdy Dedy Irfan Defriman Djafri Defrin Defrin Delmi Sulastri Desmiwarti Desmiwarti Desy Nofita Sari Dewi Susanti Dian Isti Angraini Dian Isti Angraini Dian Mayasari Dian Pertiwi Dien Gusta Anggraini Nursal Dwi Novilolita Dwiesfiza Muharawita Edison, Edison Efendi, Nursyirwan Eka Fithra Elfi Eka Kurniawan Eka Nofita Ekowati Rahajeng Erlinengsih Erlinengsih, Erlinengsih Essy Mandriani Etriyel, Etriyel Eva Decroli Evi Hasnita Fadila, Zurayya Fadilla Azmi Fadrian, Fadrian Faisaelia, Rezka Nanda Fajri, Ari Fuad Farisha, Selfi Fathiyyatul Khaira Febriyanti Nursa Fenty Anggraini Filda Filda Firdawati Firdawati Firdawati Firdawati Firdawati Firdawati, Firdawati Fitria, Henni Fuji Rahayu Henafi Gustari, Indah Hadyan Imal Fathoni Hanafi Nilifda Hariselmi Hariselmi Hasmiwati Hema Malini, Hema Hermafasya, Ayu Octarin Hidzra Wafi Habib Hindun Mila Hudzaifah Husna Yetti Ibrarodes Ibrarodes Ichsan Arif Ida Rahmah Burhan Iffah, Uliy Ihsan, Indra Ikhsan Yusda Ilma Nuria Sulrieni Inova Gusmelia Irvan Medison Ismed, Gabila Heira Muthia Jamsari Jamsari Joserizal Serudji Kamal Kasra Karmia, Hudila Rifa Karokaro, Tati Karokaro, Tati Murni Kartika, Putri Sri Khoirunnisa Putri Laila Isrona Leona, Denada Florencia Linosefa Linosefa Lulisa Desrama Tasya Maharani, Dini Siskia Mahata, Liganda Endo Maiyulia Fitri Masrul Masrul Masrul Masrul Masrul Maulana, Afdal Megawati Sinambela Melinda Noer Menkher Manjas Meryana Azan, An’nisyah Mike Rismayanti Milletesya Govanda Miranie Safaringga Monika, Cici morika, honesty diana Mudjiran Mudjiran Mudjiran Mudjiran Musyarifah, Zulda Nadhif, Putriku Fatiya Nadjmir Nadjmir Najirman Nelmi Silvia Nita Afriani Novfattra Novfattra Novialdi . Novizar Nazir Nur Afrainin Syah Nur Indrawati Lipoeto Nur Indrawati Lipoeto Nur Indrawati Lipoeto Nur Indrawati Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto Nurdin, Aguswan Nurlindawati Nurlindawati Nurul Fitri Khumaira Oktalina, Dyanti Oktarini, Sisca P.A Kodrat Pramudho Prayitno, Irwan Putra, Abdi Setia putri, Joana Rahma Putri, Viorika Marsafa Rahmadana, Muhammad Haritsyah Rahmat Syawqi Rahmawati, Rahmawati Ratu Fawwaz Efendi Rauza Sukma Rita Remi Famel Reni Zulfitri Rika Ampuh Hadiguna Rima Semiarty Rizal, Wadratul Jannah Rizanda Machmud Rosfita Rasyid Rosfita Rasyid Roslaili Rasyid Rozi Sastra Purna Salmiah Agus Salmiah Agus Selfi Farisha Selian, Rada Almina Semiarty, Rima Yunita Semiarty, Semiarty Sharfina Shoulhuna, Ziadati Silvia Harpeni Siregar, Fatia Putri Barokah Siti Syamsyiah Sitompul, Sahran Azhari Sri Melda Br Bangun Susanty, Desy Syahredi Syahredi Syamsiarti Syamsiarti Syukriadi, Syukriadi Teguh Widodo Trianengsih AT Ulfa Farrah Lisa, Ulfa Farrah Utama, Bobby Indra Utami, Riezka Putri Vanessa Alivia Savira Verinita, Verinita Vicky Warian Triwibowo Vivi Triana Waldatul Hamidah Wati, Berlian Kurnia Wati, Westi Permata Wilda Tri Yuliza Yandrizal Yandrizal Yantri Maputra Yefri Zulfiqar Yenita . Yenita Afriyeni Yonariza Yonariza Yulia Primiyani Yulistini Yulistini, Yulistini Yulizawati Yulizawati . Yulizawati, Yulizawati Yuniar Lestari Yuniar Lestari Yusrawati Yusrawati Zulda Musyarifah