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All Journal Pythagoras: Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Jurnal Infinity Wahana Didaktika Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika RAFA Al Ilmi Suska Journal of Mathematics Education PYTHAGORAS: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Kimia E-Dimas: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Metodik Didaktik Indiktika : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika SJME (Supremum Journal of Mathematics Education) JEMST: Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science, and Technology Journal on Education JUPE : Jurnal Pendidikan Mandala Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Kimia (JRPK) Faktor Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan Jurnal Review Pendidikan dan Pengajaran (JRPP) Jurnal Sikola: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Lentera Sriwijaya : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika Asimtot : Jurnal Kependidikan Matematika Mandalika Mathematics and Educations Journal JIIP (Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan) Muaddib: Islamic Education Journal Didaktika: Jurnal Kependidikan Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan Jurnal Pendidikan Sains dan Komputer NUSRA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Ilmu Pendidikan Idarah Tarbawiyah: Journal of Management in Islamic Education Edu Society: Jurnal Pendidikan, Ilmu Sosial dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Riset Rumpun Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (JURRIMIPA) ADIBA: Journal of Education Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan dan Kearifan Lokal (JIPKL) Indonesian Research Journal on Education JURNAL PENDIDIKAN DAN KEGURUAN ENTINAS: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi Pembelajaran Schrödinger: Journal of Physics Education JNPM (Jurnal Nasional Pendidikan Matematika) TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal Journal of Law, Education and Business Jurnal Konseling Pendidikan Islam INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES, SOCIAL SCIENCES AND BUSINESS (INJOSS) Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan Journal of Innovative and Creativity Jurnal Infinity J-CEKI Ulil Albab Mathematics Education Journal SJME (Supremum Journal of Mathematics Education)
Muhammad Win Afgani
Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Social Sciences Other

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PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN PROBLEM POSING BERBASIS KOMPUTER PADA SISWA SMA KELAS X Muhammad Win Afgani; Bagus Ardi Saputro; Jero Budi Darmayasa
Jurnal Infinity Vol 5 No 1 (2016): Jurnal Infinity Vol 5 No 1 Februari 2016
Publisher : IKIP Siliwangi and I-MES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22460/infinity.v5i1.p32-41

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana untuk menghasilkan materi pembelajaran matematika problem possing berbasis komputer dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kuantitas dan kualitas pertanyaan siswa dari masalah pendekatan problem possing berbasis komputer. Pertanyaan dan respon siswa dikumpulkan dari 35 siswa kelas satu SMA di Bandung. Data dianalisis dengan deskriptif dengan menggunakan rubrik Leung dan taksonomi Bloom. Untuk menghasilkan materi problem posing berbasis komputer, pertama, guru harus memilih konsep yang diharapkan dapat mengembangkan kemampuan siswa. Setelah itu, guru mencari konteks yang sesuai dengan konsep. Setelah konteks yang dipilih dan cocok tersebut, guru harus memilih software untuk melakukan ide dalam bentuk yang dinamis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 240 pertanyaan yang diberikan oleh siswa, hanya 35% yang masuk akal dan cukup masalah matematika. Dari 35% pertanyaan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa 75% siswa di tingkat pemahaman berdasarkan Bloom taksonomi. Dari 75% siswa yang merespon tersebut menunjukkan bahwa mereka senang terhadap materi yang menggunakan pendekatan problem possing matematika berbasis komputer.  This study aims to know how to produce mathematics problem posing material based on computer and to know how the quantity and quality of students’ question from mathematics problem posing based on computer. Students’ questions and respond is collected from 35 first grade students of senior high school in Bandung. The data is analysed with descriptively by using Leung’s rubric and Bloom taxonomy. To produce problem posing material based on computer, first, teacher must choose a concept that wish to be gifted to students. After that, the teacher searchs a context that according to the concept. After the context is selected and match with it, the teacher must choose a software to perform the idea in dynamic form. The result of this study shows that there is 240 questions that pose by students, only 35% is plausible and sufficient mathematics problem. From 35% questions, it shows that 75% students is in understanding level based on Bloom taxonomy. From the questioner, 75% students’ respond shows that they are happy toward material presentation by mathematics problem posing approach based on computer.
UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS SELF-CONCEPT AND THEIR MATHEMATICS PROCEDURAL KNOWLEDGE: THE RELATIONSHIP Muhammad Win Afgani; Didi Suryadi; Jarnawi Afgani Dahlan
Jurnal Infinity Vol 8 No 1 (2019): Volume 8 Number 1, Infinity
Publisher : IKIP Siliwangi and I-MES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22460/infinity.v8i1.p99-108

Abstract

This study aimed to explain the relationship between self-concept and mathematics procedural knowledge among undergraduate students of mathematics education. This study investigated the affective and cognitive aspect of students in the learning of mathematics. The method in this study surveyed with non-probability sampling technique. The subjects were 133 undergraduate students of mathematics education from public and private university in Palembang, Indonesia. 66 of them were undergraduate students in  public university.  The  rest  of them  were  undergraduate  students  in  a private university. The instruments that were used are questionnaire of self- concept and  essay test of mathematics procedural knowledge. The result from the Spearman Rank Correlation showed Sig. = 0.006 < 0.05. From that result, we conclude that there is a significant relationship between undergraduate students’ self-concept and their mathematics procedural knowledge.
PISA-LIKE PROBLEMS USING ISLAMIC ETHNOMATHEMATICS APPROACH Muhammad Win Afgani; Retni Paradesa
Jurnal Infinity Vol 10 No 2 (2021): VOLUME 10, NUMBER 2, INFINITY
Publisher : IKIP Siliwangi and I-MES

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22460/infinity.v10i2.p203-216

Abstract

The study aimed to produce PISA-like mathematics problems with the Islamic ethnomathematics approach that were valid and practical. A development study with formative evaluation was used as the method in this study with 32 9th-grade students as the subjects at one of the junior high schools in Palembang, South Sumatra province, Indonesia. There are five phases: self-evaluation, expert review, one-to-one, small group, and field test. Interviews, questionnaires, and tests were used in this study as the instruments to collect the data. The results showed that three experts from the expert review phase assess that 77.78% agree that six PISA-like mathematics problems meet the validity criteria. For the practicality criteria, three students from the one-to-one step set about 77,78% agree, three students from the small group phase assessed about 61,11% strongly agree, and 26 students from the field test phase considered 61,33% agree. This result is supported by the average test result that was classified as a low category. This showed that the results obtained are not optimal because students still did not understand the problems and had difficulty solving them.
Development of Computer-Based Learning Media on Collision Lesson Using the Context of Traditional Marbles Game Furqon, Imam; Afgani, Muhammad Win; Putri, Jamiatul Khairunnisa; Suhadi; Mabruroh, Faizatul
Schrödinger: Journal of Physics Education Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): December
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Cendekia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37251/sjpe.v5i4.1205

Abstract

Purpose of the study: This research aims to develop learning media using computer-based collision material in the context of the traditional game of marbles. Methodology: This research is a Research and Development study using the ADDIE research design. The research was conducted at MA Al-Fatah Palembang using instruments in the form of interviews and questionnaires for data collection. Interviews were conducted with physics subject teachers at MA Al-Fatah Palembang. The questionnaire was given to media expert validators, material expert validators, teachers and students to see the validity and practicality of media use. Main Findings: The result of this research is a learning media product using computer-based collision material in the context of the traditional game of marbles which meets the valid and practical criteria. The results of media expert validation that have been carried out show percentages of 91,7% with very valid categories. The material expert validation results show a percentage of 92.8% with a very valid category. The results of the limited trial showed that the percentage of assessments from physics subject teachers was 89,2% in the very practical category and students' responses to the use of learning media showed a percentage of 87.3% in the very practical category. Novelty/Originality of this study: The main novelty of this study lies in utilizing a traditional game as a contextual and engaging framework to teach abstract physics concepts, such as collisions, in a more comprehensible way.
Kompetensi tenaga pendidik: Analisis dampak rendahnya kualitas SDM Guru dan perbaikannya Saputra, Darwin Eka; Afriantoni; Afgani, Muhammad Win
Idarah Tarbawiyah: Journal of Management in Islamic Education Vol. 5 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Pendidikan Agama Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32832/itjmie.v5i5.16979

Abstract

Education is something that is very important for every individual and country, therefore it is very important for the country to pay attention to the quality of education provided to the community. In the education process, a teacher must have several competencies within himself as stated in Law No. 14 of 2005 concerning teachers and dosage. It is explained that competency is a set of knowledge, skills and behavior that must be possessed, internalized and mastered by teachers or lecturers in carry out their professional duties. The competencies that a teacher must have include pedagogical, personality, professional and social competencies. The facts on the ground are that currently in Indonesia there are a lot of educators or teachers who teach not in accordance with their academic qualifications, and currently the morals and behavior of the younger generation have become one of the government's focuses, through character education programs in schools, the government hopes that the nation's young generation Indonesia is becoming a young generation that has morals and character, according to the behavior of the Indonesian people who uphold politeness and politeness. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research, namely the data collected is in the form of words, images, not numbers. This research uses a case study approach where research is carried out by examining a case intensively, in depth, in detail and comprehensively. Teachers are a very important component in the learning process, teachers with high competence will certainly improve the quality of learning and ultimately will improve the quality of human resources produced by the learning process. The main problem that is developing is the low level of learning design competence and research competence as well as learning mastery. These problems can be overcome by taking steps to improve the learning system and implementing education and training for teachers. Abstrak Pendidikan merupakan suatu hal yang sangat penting bagi setiap individu dan negara, oleh karena itu sangat penting bagi negara untuk memperhatikan kualitas pendidikan yang diberikan kepada masyarakat. Dalam proses pendidikan seorang guru harus memiliki beberapa kompetensi dalam dirinya seperti yang tertuang dalam Undang-Undang No. 14 tahun 2005 tentang guru dan dosen dijelaskan bahwa kompetensi adalah seperangkat pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan perilaku yang harus dimiliki, dihayati, dan dikuasai oleh guru atau dosen dalam melaksanakan tugas keprofesionalannya. Adapun kompetensi yang harus dimiliki seorang guru mencakup kompetensi pedagogik, kepribadian, profesional, dan sosial. Fakta di lapangan saat ini di Indonesia banyak sekali tenaga pendidik atau guru yang mengajar tidak sesuai dengan kualifikasi akademik yang dimilikinya, dan dewasa ini akhlak dan tingkah laku generasi muda menjadi salah satu fokus pemerintah, melalui program pendidikan karakter di sekolah, pemerintah berharap generasi muda bangsa Indonesia menjadi generasi muda yang berakhlak dan berkarakter selayaknya tutur perilaku bangsa Indonesia yang menjunjung tinggi sopan dan santun. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yaitu data yang dikumpulkan berbentuk kata-kata, gambar, bukan angka-angka. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus di mana penelitian dilakukan dengan menelaah suatu kasus yang dilakukan secara intensif, mendalam, mendetail dan komprehensif. Guru merupakan komponen yang sangat penting dalam proses pembelajaran, guru dengan kompetensi tinggi tentunya akan meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran dan akhirnya akan meningkatkan mutu sumber daya manusia yang dihasilkan oleh proses pembelajarannya. Masalah utama yang berkembang adalah rendahnya kompetensi desain pembelajaran dan kompetensi penelitian serta penguasaan pembelajaran. Masalah-masalah ini dapat diatasi dengan langkah-langkah perbaikan sistem pembelajaran dan pelaksanaan pendidikan dan pelatihan untuk para guru.
Eksplorasi Strategi BKPRMI untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Taman Pendidikan Al-Qur’an sebagai Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Non-Formal Mujahid, Ahmad Zarkasyi; Afgani, Muhammad Win; Afriantoni
Idarah Tarbawiyah: Journal of Management in Islamic Education Vol. 5 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Pendidikan Agama Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32832/itjmie.v5i5.16980

Abstract

The importance of the contribution of an Islamic organization in supporting the progress of Islamic educational institutions, both formal, informal and non-formal so that it affects the quality of learning activities. This study aims to determine the strategy of BKPRMI (Indonesian Mosque Youth and Youth Communication Agency) in improving the quality of TKA-TPA. This research is qualitative research with a case study approach involving the Ministry of Religion of the City of Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir, BKPRI DPK administrators, and 3 TKA-TPA units. Data were collected using interviews and observations and analyzed using data display techniques, data reduction, and verification. The results showed that several strategies carried out by BKPRMI succeeded in improving the quality of TKA-TPA, namely providing socialization to TKA- TPA regarding the application of IJOP (Operational Permit) and BOP (Education Operational Assistance) to the Ministry of Religion, implementing training and standardization of TKA-TPA teachers, proposing incentive funds for village officials and BPJS Employment for TKA-TPA teachers, and carrying out munaqosyah and graduation safaris for students and FASI (Indonesian Salih Children Festival) at the sub-district level. This research has implications for the development of improved management of non-formal institutions in the future. Abstrak Pentingnya kontribusi sebuah organisasi Islam dalam mendukung kemajuan lembaga pendidikan Islam, baik formal, informal maupun nonformal sehingga berpengaruh terhadap kualitas kegiatan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi BKPRMI (Badan Komunikasi Pemuda dan Remaja Masjid Indonesia) dalam meningkatkan kualitas TKA-TPA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang melibatkan pihak Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir, pengurus DPK BKPRMI, dan 3 lembaga TKA-TPA. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan wawancara dan observasi serta dianalisis menggunakan teknik display data, reduksi data, dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa strategi yang dilakukan BKPRMI berhasil meningkatkan kualitas TKA-TPA, yaitu memberikan sosialisasi kepada TKA-TPA tentang pengajuan IJOP (Ijin Operasional) dan BOP (Bantuan Operasional Pendidikan) kepada Kementerian Agama, melaksanakan diklat dan standarisasi guru TKA-TPA, mengusulkan dana insentif kepada perangkat desa serta BPJS Ketenagakerjaan untuk guru TKA-TPA, dan melaksanakan munaqosyah dan safari wisuda santri serta FASI (Festival Anak Shaleh Indonesia) tingkat kecamatan. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada pengembangan manajemen lembaga non-formal ditingkatkan di masa yang akan datang.
PERAN ORANGTUA DALAM UPAYA MENUMBUHKAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DAN SPIRITUAL (ESQ) PADA ANAK MENURUT KONSEP ISLAM Imron; Afriantoni; Afgani, Muhammad Win
Idarah Tarbawiyah: Journal of Management in Islamic Education Vol. 5 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Pendidikan Agama Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32832/itjmie.v5i5.16982

Abstract

This study aims to analyze emotional and spiritual intelligence in early childhood and the role of parents in fostering it. The potential for emotional and spiritual intelligence has existed since birth, but requires the active role of the family to develop optimally. The research uses descriptive qualitative methods with literature study techniques, referring to Islamic education literature and intelligence theory. The results show that emotional intelligence includes the ability to recognize feelings of self and others, motivate oneself, and manage emotions adaptively. Spiritual intelligence relates to the spiritual dimension in interpreting life through the principle of tawhid. The role of parents is crucial in providing education and training to develop this potential according to the child's nature, so that they grow into a complete human being according to Islamic values. This research confirms that the development of emotional and spiritual intelligence requires the synergy of lifelong learning, family education, and Islamic values. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kecerdasan emosional dan spiritual pada anak usia dini serta peran orang tua dalam menumbuhkannya. Potensi kecerdasan emosional dan spiritual telah ada sejak lahir, namun memerlukan peran aktif keluarga untuk berkembang secara optimal. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik studi kepustakaan, mengacu pada literatur pendidikan Islam dan teori kecerdasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecerdasan emosional mencakup kemampuan mengenali perasaan diri dan orang lain, memotivasi diri, serta mengelola emosi secara adaptif. Kecerdasan spiritual berhubungan dengan dimensi rohani dalam memaknai kehidupan melalui prinsip tauhid. Peran orang tua sangat krusial dalam memberikan pendidikan dan latihan untuk mengembangkan potensi ini sesuai fitrah anak, sehingga tumbuh menjadi manusia yang utuh sesuai nilai-nilai Islam. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa pengembangan kecerdasan emosional dan spiritual membutuhkan sinergi pembelajaran seumur hidup, pendidikan keluarga, dan nilai keislaman.
Kesesuaian gaya kepemimpinan dengan perilaku individu Audina, Mia; Afgani, Muhammad Win; Afriantoni
Idarah Tarbawiyah: Journal of Management in Islamic Education Vol. 5 No. 6 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Pendidikan Agama Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32832/itjmie.v5i6.16985

Abstract

Effective organizations require synergy between leaders and led individuals to achieve common goals. In this context, leadership style is a crucial factor that influences individual behavior and organizational performance. This study aims to examine the relationship between the suitability of leadership style and individual behavior in the organization. The approach used is the literature review method by analyzing various theories and related research results. The findings show that the suitability of leadership style with individual behavior has a significant effect on organizational effectiveness. The optimal leadership style is one that supports positive individual behavior and is able to increase work motivation. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of adjusting leadership styles to organizational conditions and the characteristics of individuals being led. This is a strategic effort for leaders in carrying out their mandate effectively. Further research is recommended to develop the implementation of this theory in various different organizational contexts. Abstrak Organisasi akan berjalan dengan semestinya apabila kerja sama antara pemimpin dengan Organisasi yang efektif memerlukan sinergi antara pemimpin dan individu yang dipimpin untuk mencapai tujuan bersama. Dalam konteks ini, gaya kepemimpinan menjadi faktor krusial yang memengaruhi perilaku individu dan kinerja organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara kesesuaian gaya kepemimpinan dengan perilaku individu di dalam organisasi. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah metode tinjauan pustaka (literature review) dengan menganalisis berbagai teori dan hasil penelitian terkait. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa kesesuaian gaya kepemimpinan dengan perilaku individu berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efektivitas organisasi. Gaya kepemimpinan yang optimal adalah yang mendukung perilaku positif individu serta mampu meningkatkan motivasi kerja. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya penyesuaian gaya kepemimpinan dengan kondisi organisasi dan karakteristik individu yang dipimpin. Hal ini menjadi upaya strategis bagi pemimpin dalam menjalankan amanahnya secara efektif. Penelitian lebih lanjut disarankan untuk mengembangkan implementasi teori ini dalam berbagai konteks organisasi yang berbeda.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Pada Materi Hidrolisis Garam Untuk Siswa SMA Apriani, Ayu; Afgani, M. Win; Tri Astuti, Resti
Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Kimia (JRPK) Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Kimia (JRPK), Volume 11 Nomor 2 (2021)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JRPK.112.09

Abstract

This research is a R & D (Research and Development) which aims to find out the validity and response of learning to LKPD based on guided inquiry chemistry on salt hydrolysis materials. The development procedures of this research adopt and ADDIE model carried out to stage three. This study included three validator, namely media / design expert validators, linguists, and material experts. The subjects of one-on-one and small-scale trials were students of SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Palembang. The data collection instruments used validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and interview guidelines. The results of this study indicate that the guided inquiry-based chemistry LKPD on salt hydrolysis material obtained a percentage of design / media experts of 96.42% with a very valid category, linguists obtained a percentage of 100% with a very valid category, and material experts obtained a percentage of 87 , 4% with very valid category. The average percentage value of the three validators is 93.70% with a very valid category. The response of students to the developed chemical LKPD can be categorized as very interesting, where on a one-on-one scale trial obtained a percentage value of 83,25% with a very attractive category, on a small-scale trial obtained a percentage value of 86.04% and stated very interesting. Key words: LKPD, guided inquiry, hydrolysis
Quantitative Research Philosophy in Research Methodology Mahardini, Dzakia Fifi; Kasenda, Ikas; Afgani, Muhammad Win; Isnaini, Muhammad
JUPE : Jurnal Pendidikan Mandala Vol, 9 No 4 (2024) : JUPE : Jurnal Pendidikan Mandala (Desember)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan Mandala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58258/jupe.v9i4.7830

Abstract

The research carried out aims to find out uncertain truths based on findings from the core of the problem. A complete explanation of research philosophy can be explained with the possibility of several paradigms and from a physiological perspective. The purpose of this paper is to explain the philosophy of quantitative research, explain the development of quantitative research philosophy and the characteristics of quantitative research. The method used in the research is a library research method. In this research, a critical study was also carried out of the thoughts of figures sourced from book literature and journals related to the material presented in the form of philosophy from quantitative research. Quantitative research is defined as research that is based on the philosophy of positivism, generally used to research certain populations or samples, sampling techniques are generally carried out randomly, data collection uses research instruments, data analysis is quantitative/statistical with the aim of testing predetermined hypotheses. The philosophy of positivism holds that reliable knowledge is factual knowledge obtained through observation and measurement. 
Co-Authors A. Sibron Abdullah Idi Abel Puspita Sari Abu Mansur Adhelmi Adhelmi Adi Kusuma Adi Kusuma Wijaya Afriantoni Afriantoni Afriantoni Agustiany Dumeva Putri, Agustiany Dumeva Agustina, Muvtia Akmal Hawi Al Haqqi Al Haqqi Amanda Prasasti Ambasari Kusuma Wardhani Andarusni Alfansyur Andi Putra Sairi Angge Sapto Mubharokh Anggita Lutfia Ryawati Annisatul Mardiah Nasution Anugerah Helen Suhasri Apriani, Ayu Arivan Mahendra Atika Zahra Ayu Wulandari Azizah, Deci Fauziah Azzahra, Radhita Bagus Ardi Saputro Bagus Hidayatullah Bastomi Bastomi Budi, Tri Mulya Ceria, R. Evenda Cholifah, Mifathul Cholifah, Miftahul Dari, Debi Tiara Wulan Darmawijoyo, Darmawijoyo Depriyanti Depriyanti Dewa Ikhram Dewa Ikhram Didi Suryadi Dimas Assyakurrohim Dimas Assyakurrohim Dina Mardiana Efendi, Ridwan Eka Yulianti Ely Sardian Dika Etrie Jayanti Fadli, Rahmat Fajri Ismail Fajri Ismail Febiyana Saputri febriyanti febriyanti Forester, Brayen Jodi Furqon, Imam Ghifari, Barkah Al Gio Apriansyah Gusmelia Testiana Habibur Rachman Habibur Rachman Handayani Handayani Harisman Nizar Hasanah, Sri Uswatun Hendi Hendi Hendi, Hendi Hidayati, Suci Hulva Sari Ilham Azhari Ilham Azhari Ilhami, Muhammad Wahyu Imron Indah Rohmatullah Indra Ari Irvan Ira Royana Jannati Aliyah Januarni, Yeni Jarnawi Afgani Dahlan Jero Budi Darmayasa Jumiati Jumiati Karmila, Eka Karoma Karoma Kasenda, Ikas Khan, Adnan Shahid Khater, Amna Idris Abdallah KMS Badaruddin Komarudin Komarudin Kurnia Oktaria Kurnia Oktaria liana septy Lusiva Syaidah M Arrasikh Hidayatullah Mabruroh, Faizatul Maha Reihani Mahardini, Dzakia Fifi Mahendra, Arivan Maida Rinawati Mardiah Astuti Maryamah Maskin, Maskin Meisy Permata Sari Meisy Permata Sari Mentari Mentari Mia Audina, Mia Miftahul Cholifah Miranti Miranti Mita Haryati Monica Putri Pratiwi Mortalisa, Tara Putri Muhamad Rizki Ramdoni Muhammad Abduh Muhammad Aji Santoso Muhammad Fakhri Ramadhan Muhammad Farhan Ferdino Muhammad Isnaini Muhammad Isnaini MUHAMMAD ISNAINI Mujahid, Ahmad Zarkasyi Mukti Mukti Murtadho, Muhammad Ali Mutia Sari Mutia Sari Nadia Authari Nadilah, Tiara Nanda Nabila Al Jannah Nery, Rieno Septa Nita Susanti Noni Juli Astuti Noni Juli Astuti Noor, Farah Hasanah Novia Nurhayati Novita, Nusyahbani Chusnul Novriyansah, M. Anasrul Dwi Nugraha, Muhamad Yudistira Nurfajriani, Wiyanda Vera Nurhalizah, Indah Siti Nyimas Atika Oka Diana Sabilla.S Pera Santika Pertiwi, Fauza Yanuarti Pitriani, Pitriani Purwoko Purwoko Purwoko Purwoko Putra, Ridho Dwi Putri, Ade Yuni Putri, Jamiatul Khairunnisa Putri, Octa Romadhona Putri, Shella Mars R. Evenda Ceria Rahmania, Elvina Rahmat Fadli Rahmatullah Akbar Rahmatullisa, Siti Rahmawati, Rahmawati Rendi Pratama Retni Paradesa revva krismona Riadi, Buya Rindiani, Natasya Riza Agustiani, Riza Rizki Agustina Rizki Agustina Rizky Putri Jannati, Rizky Putri Rohani Rohmatullah, Indah Rosidah, Maila Rusdy A Sirodj Rusdy A Siroj Rusdy A. Siroj Rusdy Abdullah Siroj Rusydi A. Siroj Saipul Annur Salsa Ameylia Zahra Saprianingsih, Sri Whenti Saputra, Darwin Eka Selpi Saputri Sirodj, Rusdy Abdullah Siroj, Rusdi Abdullah Siti Ayu Aisyah Siti Salwa Haquita Sofya, Ayu Sonia Sonia Sri Mulyani Suci Hidayati Suhadi Suryani, Lini Syutaridho Syutaridho Syutaridho Syutaridho Tamsiyati, Eti Tiara Lestari Tri Alawiyah Tri Astuti, Resti Trisnawati, Nadia Utari, Desy Utari, Septi Vera Septiana Weriana Weriana Weriana Weriana Yasmini, Yevi Yoshu Febrian Shandy Yuyun Sapriandi Zainal Berlian