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All Journal Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE Window of Health : Jurnal Kesehatan JOPS (Journal Of Pharmacy and Science) Journal Syifa Sciences and Clinical Research (JSSCR) AMALIAH: JURNAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT Jurnal Dunia Farmasi Jurnal Ilmiah Manusia dan Kesehatan INTEGRITAS : Jurnal Pengabdian Jurnal Ners ad-Dawaa : Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Community Development Journal: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Journal of Pharmaceutical and Health Research International Journal Of Science, Technology & Management (IJSTM) Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai International Journal of Community Service JUKESHUM: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal EduHealth FORTE JOURNAL Jurnal Altifani Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Jurnal Farmanesia Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Sciences of Pharmacy FARMASAINKES PCJN Pharmaceutical and Clinical Journal of Nusantara Herbal Medicine Journal Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences. Media Farmasi Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Jurnal Bakti Nusantara Jurnal Akademika Kimia Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Journal of Pharmascience
Zulmai Rani
Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al-Washliyah, Medan, Indonesia
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Formulasi dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Mouthwash Ekstrak Daun Mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L.) Terhadap Bakteri Streptococcus Mutans Najwa Nadzira; Rahmadani Rahmadani; Dinda Sari Utami; Zulmai Rani
Jurnal Ners Vol. 10 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v10i4.61584

Abstract

Dental caries and halitosis are oral health issues largely caused by Streptococcus mutans. Noni leaves (Morinda citrifolia L.) contain bioactive compounds with potential antibacterial properties, making them suitable for formulation into a mouthwash. This study aimed to formulate an ethanolic extract of noni leaves into a mouthwash and evaluate its antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans. The study was conducted experimentally, involving extract preparation, phytochemical screening, mouthwash formulation at concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 30%, physical evaluation of the preparations, and antibacterial activity testing using the disc diffusion method. The research results indicate that all formulas met physical evaluation requirements and exhibited antibacterial activity. The 30% formula produced the greatest inhibitory effect, with an average inhibition zone of 20.15 mm, followed by the 15% formula (18.23 mm) and the 10% formula (15.23 mm). Thus, the ethanolic extract of noni leaves can be formulated into a mouthwash that is stable and effective in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans. Keywords: Morinda citrifolia L., mouthwash, antibacterial activity, Streptococcus mutans.
Formulasi, Evaluasi dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Sabun Padat Serbuk Nano Teh Celup Bekas Misbah Siregar; Minda Sari Lubis; Rafita Yuniarti; Zulmai Rani
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1055

Abstract

Background: Ideal soap should not only cleanse the skin but also contain substances that protect it from adverse effects, including those of free radicals, which can accelerate aging and cause other skin problems. Antioxidant compounds are needed to counteract free radicals. Used tea bags are a waste product that still contains antioxidant compounds. The use of nanotechnology is expected to enhance the stability and long-term effectiveness of cosmetic formulations, including soap. Objective: This study aimed to formulate a solid soap containing used nano tea bag powder, evaluate the physical characteristics of the soap, and test its antioxidant activity. Method: This research used a True Experimental method with a Post Test Only Control Group Design. The used tea bag powder sample was processed into nano powder using a Ball Mill. Solid soap was formulated in three variations: F0 (control without powder), F1 (containing 1.4% used tea bag powder), and F2 (containing 1.4% used nano tea bag powder). The soap preparations were then evaluated for their physical characteristics (organoleptic, pH, foam stability, hardness, cleaning power) and tested for antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. Results: The used tea bag powder was successfully converted into nano powder with an average particle size of 684.35 nm. Phytochemical screening results showed that both the powder and nano powder contained alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. Evaluation of the solid soap showed that all formulas (F0, F1, F2) met the physical quality requirements. The antioxidant activity test yielded IC50 values for F0, F1, and F2 of 975.2861 µg/ml (very weak), 211.3533 µg/ml (very weak), and 168.3053 µg/ml (weak), respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the used tea bag powder meets the characteristics of nano powder. The solid soap formulation containing used nano tea bag powder meets physical quality requirements and demonstrates antioxidant activity, albeit in the weak category. The F2 formula (nano powder) showed better antioxidant activity than F1 (coarse powder) and F0 (control).
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak dan Fraksinasi Daun Tekelan (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob) Serta Uji Antibakteri Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli Anjarlit Romiyuliana Br Parapat; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Rafita Yuniarti; Zulmai Rani
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1059

Abstract

Background: Tekelan leaf (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob) is one of Indonesia's natural resources rich in bioactive compounds. Its traditional use for treating wounds, sore throats, diarrhea, and various other ailments is suspected to be linked to its antioxidant and antibacterial content. Objective: This research aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of tekelan leaves, and to test their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Method: The study used an experimental method. Antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and the results were expressed as IC₅₀ values. The antibacterial test against S. aureus and E. coli was conducted using the disc diffusion method, and the inhibitory power was measured based on the inhibition zone diameter (mm). Results: The antioxidant test results showed that the ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction had strong activity with IC₅₀ values of 98.26 ppm and 75.43 ppm, respectively, while the n-hexane fraction showed weak activity (IC₅₀ 110.54 ppm). In the antibacterial test at a 40% concentration, the ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction inhibited the growth of both bacteria with strong to very strong categories. The highest average inhibition zones against E. coli and S. aureus were 19.03 mm and 21.36 mm (ethanol extract), 10.56 mm and 12.13 mm (n-hexane fraction), and 13.60 mm and 15.40 mm (ethyl acetate fraction), respectively. This activity was still lower than the positive control chloramphenicol, which produced inhibition zones of 28.23 mm (E. coli) and 27.43 mm (S. aureus). Conclusion: It was concluded that the extract and ethyl acetate fraction of tekelan leaves have strong antioxidant activity, while the n-hexane fraction is classified as weak. All samples (extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction) showed strong antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus, although they have not matched the effectiveness of chloramphenicol.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antibakteri Ekstrak dan Hasil Fraksinasi Daun Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli Dan Staphylococcus aureus Sumiyarni Harahap; Ridwanto Ridwanto; Ainil Fithri Pulungan; Zulmai Rani
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1060

Abstract

Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) is a plant distributed worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Bandotan can be used as a traditional medicine because it contains beneficial phytochemical compounds such as terpenoids, alkaloids, essential oils, saponins, and phenolics that play a role in inhibiting bacterial growth and serving as natural antioxidants. The objective of this research was to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction from bandotan leaves. This research used an experimental method. It included antioxidant testing of the ethanol extract fractions of bandotan leaves (Ageratum conyzoides L.) using the DPPH method and antibacterial testing using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The phytochemical screening results showed that bandotan leaves contain alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and glycosides. The antioxidant testing for DPPH radical scavenging revealed that the bandotan leaf extract had an IC50 value of 499.3633 μg/ml, the n-hexane fraction had an IC50 value of 945.7837 μg/ml, and the ethyl acetate fraction had an IC50 value of 382.9216 μg/ml, all categorized as very weak antioxidants. Antibacterial testing indicated that the extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction of bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) exhibited antibacterial activity, inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with strong activity at the highest concentration of 40% and moderate activity at the lowest concentration of 10%. In conclusion, bandotan leaves have very weak antioxidant activity due to the low content of flavonoids and strong antibacterial activity at 40% concentration and weak activity at 10% concentration.
Co-Authors A'dilah, Nur Abadi, Hafizhatul Adjelie, Tiara Adli Nuzula Rahmah Adyani Maulinda Afriati, Nelsi Ahmad Rasyid Ridho Ainil Fithri Pulungan Alviana, Liya Alvin Pratama Amelia Kudadiri Andhika Dharma Putra Andi Syahputra, Ricky Andjelie, Tiara Ani Sutiani Ani Sutiani Anjarlit Romiyuliana Br Parapat Anny Sartika Daulay Anny Sartika Daulay Anny Sartika Daulay Apriana Ulan Dari MS Aprilia, Hijjatun Arifin, Khairil Fikri Arifna Luthfianida Arrosty, Muflizah Asep Trizaldi Athaillah, Athaillah Audry Pratiwi Aulia Fitri Aulia Fitri, Aulia Auza , Maharani Azhar, Gustika Bambang Hermanto Bambang Hermanto Beby Noplya Wulandari BJ Sutrisna Chandra, Putra Dama Yanti, Fradilla Daulay, Anny S. Dea Anggreini Denny Satria Dewi, Sri Harti Dikki Miswanda Dikki Miswanda Dinda Dila Puspita Dinda Sari Utami Dwi Jati, Fatma Elmi Sariani Hasibuan Eni Surabini Tarigan Erma Susanti Evi Depiana Gultom Evi Depiana Gultom Fadhlah Al-Uyun Nasution Fahmi Fahmi Fajri, Fajrilda Aqilah Falah Rambe, Raudhotul Fanny Anggreany Santosa fatimah Fauziah Erna Witular Panggabean Fithri Pulungan, Ainil Fitri, Nurul Fitri, Raissa Gabena Indrayani Dalimunte Gabena Indrayani Dalimunthe Ginting, Grace Anastasia br Ginting, Ovalina Sylvia Br Ginting, Ovalina Sylvia Br. Gultom, Evi Depiana H., Fathur Rahman Hanafis Sastra Winata Haris Munandar Nasution Haris Munandar Nasution Haris Munandar Nasution Hariyadi Dharmawan Syahputra Hariyadi Dharmawan Syahputra Hariyadi Dharmawan Syahputra Hasibuan , Fika Miah Sasmitha Hasibuan , Nabila Hasim Hasibuan, Zulfiana Ramadhani Hindri Syahputri Humaira, Annisa Husna, Miftahul Hutagalung, Victor H Indrayani, Gabena Inna Myesha Julia Reveny Karo Sekali, Elva Swandi Kasta Gurning Khairunnisa , Ardina Kiki Rawitri Latifah Hanum Lestari, Amanda Putri Lestari, Kurnia Dwi Lilik Septiana Linda, Rosa Lubis, Asira Lubis, Minda Sari lubis, muhammad fauzan Lubis, Nurazizah Lusi Grasia Situmorang M. Alfaruqi Maghfirah, Dini Mainal Furqan Malahayati Malahayati Maryanti Yuza Matondang , Fikriyah Hafni Maulana Putri, Yasinta Minda Sari Minda Sari Lubis Mira Febrina, Mira Misbah Siregar Misna Rosalinda Hutabarat Monica Suryani Moondra Zubir Muhammad Agus Muljanto Muhammad Amin Nasution Muhammad Fauzan Lubis Muhammad Yunus Muhammad Yunus Mukti, Ridho Munandar, Verissa Nadila Indra Sepvina Najwa Nadzira Nasri Nasri Nasri Nasri Nasri Nasri Nasri Nasri, Nasri Nasution, Wardah Nazuhra, Oca Nia Novranda Pertiwi Nindya Indah Damayanti Ningtias, Anggita Ningtias, Anggitha Nomi Noviani Novia Herma Savitri Nur Ain Thomas Nur, Hijrotun Nurdalilah Nurdalilah Nurhayati Nurhayati Nurmazela, Virda Nursyafira, Arini Nurul Arafah Nurul Hasanah Nurul Ilmi Afridah Oneayu One Ovalina Sylvia Br. Ginting Ovalina Sylvia Br. Ginting Ovalina Sylvia Br. Ginting Paramitha, Ratih Pasar Maulim Silitonga Pertiwi, Rahma Pitaloka, Syifa Amilia Puspita, Dinda Dila Puteri, Cut Intan Annisa Putri Khairani Rafita Yuniarti Rafita Yuniarti Rafita Yuniarti Rahmadani Rahmadani Raissa Fitri Rambe, Robiatun Reza Irma Ricky Andi Syahputra Ricky Andi Syahputra Ridho, Ahmad Rasyid Ridwanto Ridwanto Ridwanto Rinda Sari, Sylvi Ritonga , Nur Sakina Rizki, Dewi Rizki, Vitri Dea Robiatun Rambe Robiatun, Robiatun Rambe Ronapadua Musyirna Rahmah Nasution Sahara dan Emma Susanti Rukmana, Siti Sagala, Hasel Untung Bersinar Sahrani Nazwa Khan Samran, Samran Sari Lubis, Winda Sari, Farida Sari, Syilvi Rinda Sari, Sylvi Rinda Sartika Daulay, Anny silalahi, zahra salsabila Sindi, Sindi Sipahutar, Rizki Anjani Siti Anisa Siti Rahmah Siti Rahmi Ningrum Sitompul, Maysaro Sony , Suyefri Sri Wahyuni Sri Wahyuni Sri Wahyuni Suci, Nurul Sulaiman Sulaiman Sulwiyatul K Sani Sumiyarni Harahap Supiyani, Supiyani SURBAKTI, CHRISTICA ILSANNA Syafa Nadira Ashiilah Syahputra, Ricky Andi Syarifah Nadia Syilfia Hasti Syofyan Syofyan Urip Harahap Uswatun Nisa, Uswatun Vera Estefania Kaban Vera Estefania Kaban Wanda Elvia Putri warhamni anatasya sirait Widya, Rizka Yayuk Putri Rahayu Yayuk Putri Rahayu Yufri Aldi Yuli Haryani Yuliatil Adawiyah Harahap Yuliawati Yuniarti , Rafita Yuniarti, Rafita Zahira Ahmad, Madani Ziza Putri Aisyia Fauzi Zola Efa Harnis Zulfikri Zulfikri Zulhij, Fizrya