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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Microbiology Indonesia BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA JFMR (Journal of Fisheries and Marine Research) Omni-Akuatika Proceeding Simposium Nasional Kelautan dan Perikanan Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Indonesian Aquaculture Journal Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Jurnal Kelautan Nasional Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Ichthyology) Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Jurnal Penyuluhan Perikanan dan Kelautan J-ADIMAS (Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat) Jurnal Abdi Insani Inspirasi Ekonomi : Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Jurnal ABM Mengabdi Media Akuatika: Jurnal Ilmiah Jurusan Budidaya Perairan Jurnal Sains Terapan : Wahana Informasi dan Alih Teknologi Pertanian Rahmatan Lil’alamin Journal of Community Services (RLA) Jurnal Pepadu Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Journal of Fisheries & Marine Journal of Vocational in Aquaculture (JAVA)

WIDANARNI WIDANARNI

Departemen Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor 16680

Author-ID : 415033

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GENETIC DIVERSITY OF AMPICILLIN-RESISTANT Vibrio ISOLATED FROM VARIOUS STAGES OF TIGER SHRIMP LARVAE DEVELOPMENT WIDANARNI WIDANARNI; ANTONIUS SUWANTO
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 15 (2000)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

This research was carriedÂ out toÂ studyÂ geneticÂ diversity of ampicillin-resistant VibrioÂ from variousÂ stages of tigerÂ shrimp larvaeÂ (Penaeus Monodon) development from,Tambak Inti Rakyat hatchery, near Labuan, West Java, Indonesia. A total of 25 ampicillin-resistant Vibrio isolates were isolated using thiosulphateÂ citrate bile-saltÂ sucroseÂ agar (TCBS-Agar) and seawaterÂ complete agar (SWC-Agar). Physiological and biochemical characterization showed that the isolates could be grouped into only two species, i.e. V. harveyi from the egg stage; and V. metschnikovii from larvae and post-larval stage (i.e nauplius, zoea, mysis, PLi, PL5, PL,0, and PL,5). These isolates were also present in their respective rearing waterÂ ofÂ each stageÂ andÂ some natural feed.Â Schizotyping analysis employing restriction endonuclease Noll (5'-GC4GGCCGC) indicated that the isolates could be grouped intoÂ at leastÂ 13 differentÂ genotypes.Â Therefore,Â schizotypingÂ wasÂ more discriminative than physiological characterization. This study showed that particular groups of Vibrio colonized all stages of shrimp larvae and demonstrated closed phylogenetic relationship. These groups of Vibrio might beÂ the dominant microbiota which could suppress the development of other Vibrio including the pathogenic Vibrio. Key words : Shrimp/ampicillin-resistant K/fcno/schizotyping

POTENCY OF VIBRIO ISOLATES FOR BIOCONTROL OF VIBRIOSIS IN TIGER SHRIMP (PENAEUS MONODON) LARVAE WIDANARNI WIDANARNI; A. SUWANTO; SUKENDA SUKENDA; B. W. LAY
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 20 (2003)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

This study was carried out to obtain Vibrio isolates able to function as biocontrol of vibriosis in shrimp hatchery. Thirty one Vibrio isolates were isolated from tiger shrimp larvae and hatchery environments, i.e. Labuan, Pangandaran, and Lampung, Indonesia. PathogenicÂ V. harveyi MR5339 was obtained from Maros, South-Sulawesi and was made as a rifampicin resistant mutant (RFR) to screen for those 31 Vibrio isolates in in vitro assays and to allow us to monitor their presence in shrimp larvae and larval rearing water. Almost all VibrioÂ isolates could inhibit the growth of pathogenic V. harveyi MR5339 RFR. SKT-b isolate from Skeletonema was the most effective to inhibit the growth of V. harveyi MR5339 Rf* and significantly reduced larval mortality in pathogen challenge assays. These prospective biocontrol bacteria, at concentration of 10" CFU/ml, did not show pathogenicity to shrimp larvae. SKT-b was Gram negative, short rod-shape, exhibited yellow colonies on TCBS and swarming on SWC-agar media, motile, utilized glucose and sucrose but not lactose: produced extra-cellular protease and amylase, but did not produce chitmase. Partial sequencing of 16S-rRNA gene SKT-b showed SKT-b similarity to Vibrio alginofyticus. Keywords: shrimp larvae / biocontrol bacteria / vibriosis.

Aplikasi Bakteri Probiotik melalui Pakan Buatan untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Pertumbuhan Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon) Widanarni Widanarni; Dinamella Wahjuningrum; Fiska Puspita
Jurnal Sains Terapan : Wahana Informasi dan Alih Teknologi Pertanian Vol. 2 No. 1 (2012): Jurnal Sains Terapan, Volume 2, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : IPB University

This research was conducted to study the effect of probiotic bacteria application through artificial feed on growth performance of tiger shrimp. The research was carried out for 42 days with four treatments and three replications, those were control, SKT-b (feed + SKT-b probiotic), 1 UB (feed + 1 UB probiotic) and commercial (feed + commercial probiotic). Feed and probiotic bacteria were mixed in ratio of 3:1 (weight : volume) by adding 3 % of white egg as a binder. Then the test feed was analyzed by proximate analyses and compared by using control feed. Tiger shrimps with initial weight of 0.04 ± 0.005 g were reared in 50 cm x 40 cm x 40 cm aquaria at the density of 15 shrimps per aquarium. Feeding was carried out four times a day at 08.00, 12.00, 16.00, and 22.00. The weight of tiger shrimp were observed once every 2 weeks, whereas the water quality and the total abundance of bacteria in media were monitored at the beginning, middle and end of the research.The result showed that theadministration of the probiotic bacteria through artificial feed produced better growth rate than control. Application of 1 UB probiotic gave the best results by producing 9.03% growth rate and 1.35feed conversion ratio. Whereas, survival rates for all treatments were not significantly different from the range of values between 91.11% - 97.78%.Keywords: probiotic bacteria, feed, tiger shrimp

Aplikasi Probiotik Bacillus NP5 Bentuk Segar dan Mikrokapsul Untuk Pencegahan Infeksi Aeromonas hydrophilla Pada Ikan Mas (Cyprinus caprio) (Application of the Fresh Culture and Microencapsulated of Bacillus NP5 Probiotic to Prevent Aeromonas hydrophilla infection on Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)) Widanarni Widanarni; Alit Brilliant; Sukenda Sukenda
Jurnal Sains Terapan : Wahana Informasi dan Alih Teknologi Pertanian Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014): Jurnal Sains Terapan, Volume 4, Nomor 2, Tahun 2014
Publisher : IPB University

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of fresh culture product and microencapsulated Bacillus NP5 for the growth performance and immune response of common carp infected by Aeromonas hydrophilla. The 5.09 ± 0.01g common carps were reared in aquarium and fed 3 times a day for 30 days. The dose of probiotic added to feed was 1%. The treatments in this study were positive and negative control (K+ and K-; without probiotic addition), the addition of fresh culture probiotic (A), and the addition of microencapsulated probiotic (B). Each treatment was repeated in 3 replications. On day 31, the fish of K+, A, and B were injected by 0.1mL (107cfu/mL) A. Hydrophilla. While the fish of K- were injected by phosphate buffer saline (PBS). The post-infection observation was carried out for 14 days. Treatment B showed the better results which were 96% survival rate, 2.66% of daily grown rate, 1.65 of feed conversion ratio, total bacteria in the intestine and immune response which were better than control.Keywords : Bacillus NP5, fresh culture, microencapsulated, Aeromonas hydrohilla, common carp

Aplikasi Probiotik, Prebiotik dan Sinbiotik melalui Pakan untuk Meningkatkan Respon Imun dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Nila Oreochromis niloticus yang Diinfeksi Streptococcus agalactiae (Application of Probiotic, Prebiotic and Synbiotic through Feed for Increasing Immune Response and Survival Rate of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus Infected by Streptococcus agalactiae) Widanarni Widanarni; Achmad Farouq; Munti Yuhana
Jurnal Sains Terapan : Wahana Informasi dan Alih Teknologi Pertanian Vol. 4 No. 1 (2014): Jurnal Sains Terapan, Volume 4, Nomor 1, Tahun 2014
Publisher : IPB University

In this study, fish feed supplemented by probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic were applied to enhance the immune response and survival rate of the fish against Streptococcus agalactiae infection. Treatments used in this study, were as follows: feed containing 1% (v/v) of probiotic (C), feed containing 2% (v/v) of prebiotic (D) and feed containing mixed of 1% (v/v) of probiotic + 2% (v/v) of prebiotic (E, defined as synbiotic). Control fish (both positive, A; and negative, B; treatments) were fed by fish feed without containing neither probiotic nor prebiotic. In this study, test fish used monosex (all male) red tilapia with the average of body weight of 13,43±2,97 gram. The fish were fed by supplemented feed within first 30 days pre injection. After that, the treated fish were challenged by 109 CFU/ml of S. agalactiae. Nile tilapia fed by synbiotic (treatment E) had higher immune response (haemoglobin, neutrofil, and phagocyte indices) than control, but were not significantly different than those of treatment C, and D. After challenged test by S. agalactiae, treatment C, D and E resulted significantly higher resistance than that of control. The survival rate of fish fed by supplemented feed containing probiotic (C), prebiotic (D) and synbiotic (E) were 76%, 76% and 80%, respectively; higher than than positive control (50%). The results showed that addition of probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic in fish feed could increase immune response and survival rate against S. agalactiae.Keywords : tilapia, probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic, Streptococcus agalactiae

Aplikasi Sinbiotik Untuk Meningkatkan Performa Pertumbuhan Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei): Synbiotic Application To Improve Growth Performance Of Vanammei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Wida Lesmanawati; Widanarni; Sukenda
Jurnal Sains Terapan : Wahana Informasi dan Alih Teknologi Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Sains Terapan, Volume 6 Nomor 1, Tahun 2016
Publisher : IPB University

Synbiotic application shows better results compared to the single use of probiotics or prebiotics. SKT-b bacteria have been shown to act as probiotics for aquatic animals, as well as sweet potatoes that are known to act as prebiotics. This study aims to examine the synbiotic potential of SKT-b probiotic bacteria and oligosaccharide extract from sweet potato in improving the growth performance of vaname shrimp. Shrimp were treated with synbiotic feed with different prebiotic concentrations of 1% (Pro + Pre 1%), 2% (Pro + Pre 2%) and 3% (Pro + Pre 3%). The treated food was given to shrimp (weight ± 1.9 g) for 30 days. Oligosaccharides extracted from sweet potato can act as a prebiotic which increases the bacterial population in vaname shrimp’s intestine. The application of synbiotics can improve the growth performance of vaname shrimp including the addition of body weight, feed efficiency, digestive enzyme activity, protein retention and body fat of shrimp. The treatment of Pro + Pre 2% and Pro + Pre 3% shows better growth performance of vaname shrimp.

Aplikasi Sinbiotik Untuk Resistensi Udang Vaname Litopenaeus vannamei Terhadap Virus Infectious Myonecrosis: Synbiotic Application For Resistance Of Vanammei Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei On Infectious Myonecrosis Virus Wida Lesmanawati; Widanarni; Sukenda
Jurnal Sains Terapan : Wahana Informasi dan Alih Teknologi Pertanian Vol. 7 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Sains Terapan, Volume 7 Nomor 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : IPB University

ABSTRACTThe culture of vaname shrimp can not be separated from various outbreaks of diseases, especially by viral infections including Infectious Myonecrosis (IMN) which has caused the cumulative death of vaname shrimp up to 70%. One effort to prevent diseases in shrimp is by applying synbiotics. This study aims to evaluate the synergistic effects of probiotic bacteria SKT-b and oligosaccharides extracted from sweet potatoes, in increasing resistance to IMN disease. Shrimp are treated with synbiotic feed with different prebiotic concentrations of 1% (Pro + Pre 1%), 2% (Pro + Pre 2%) and 3% (Pro + Pre 3%). Feed treatment was given to the shrimp (weight ± 1.9 g) for 30 days. Then the shrimp were infected with the IMN virus and carried out observations for 10 days including survival parameters, clinical symptoms, total hemocytes and phenoloxidase activity. Application of synbiotic can increase vaname shrimp resistance to IMN virus infection. This increase is indicated by the increase in survival of shrimp and the decrease in the rate of infection from IMN, observed through clinical symptoms. One of the improvements in shrimp immune response was due to an increase in total leukocytes and phenoloxidase activity. In general, the treatment of Pro + Pre 2% and Pro + Pre 3% showed a better response to the increase in resistance of vaname shrimp compared to other treatments. ABSTRAKBudidaya udang vaname tidak lepas dari berbagai wabah penyakit yang menyerang, terutama oleh infeksi virus diantaranya Infectious Myonecrosis (IMN) yang telah menyebabkan kematian kumulatif udang vaname hingga 70%. Salah satu upaya pencegahan penyakit pada udang adalah dengan aplikasi sinbiotik. Penelitian in bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek sinergis dari bakteri probiotik SKT-b dan oligosakarida hasil ekstraksi dari ubi jalar, dalam meningkatkan resistensi terhadap penyakit IMN. Udang diberi perlakuan pakan sinbiotik dengan konsentrasi prebiotik berbeda yaitu 1% (Pro+Pre 1%), 2% (Pro+Pre 2%) dan 3% (Pro+Pre 3%). Pakan perlakuan diberikan ke udang uji (bobot ± 1.9 g) selama 30 hari. Selanjutnya udang uji diinfeksi dengan virus IMN dan dilakukan pengamatan selama 10 hari meliputi parameter sintasan, gejala klinis, total hemosit dan aktifitas phenoloksidase. Aplikasi pemberian sinbiotik mampu meningkatkan resistensi udang vaname terhadap infeksi virus IMN. Peningkatan resistensi ini ditandai dengan meningkatnya sintasan udang dan menurunnya tingkat infeksi dari IMN yang diamati melalui gejala klinis. Peningkatan respon imun udang salah satunya dikarenakan peningkatan total leukosit dan aktivitas phenoloksidase. Secara umum, perlakuan Pro+Pre 2% dan Pro+Pre 3% menunjukkan respon yang lebih baik terhadap peningkatan resistensi udang vaname dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.

Immune responses and growth performance of catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822) cultivated in bioflok system with different carbon sources and infected with Aeromonas hydrophila Windu Sukenda; Widanarni Widanarni; Mia Setiawati
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 16 No 3 (2016): October 2016
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v16i3.30

One of the diseases that often attack the catfish is motile aeromonas septicemia (MAS) caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. This study aimed to evaluate the immune responses and growth performance of catfish that cultivated on biofloc systems with different carbon sources and infected by A. hydrophila. This study was conducted over 30 days, consists of five treatments with three replications viz., providing molasses carbon source (A), tapioca flour (B), wheat flour (C), positive control (D) and a negative control (E). The results showed that the immune response such as total erythrocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, total leukocyte, phagocytic activity, and respiratory burts activity at molasses (A), tapioca flour (B),and wheat flour (C) treatment showed better results than the control. Carbon sources from molasses, tapioca and wheat were able to increase total bacteria and decrease the growth of A. hydrophila in the waters as well as in catfish organs. Catfish growth performance in biofloc system with tapioca flour carbon source provide daily growth rate which was higher and significantly different (p <0.05) than control. While the biofloc system with molasses, tapioca and wheat carbon source could decrease feed conversion ratio and increase the retention of the protein. Retention of lipid in the biofloc system with molasses carbon source showed the highest results. The addition of molasses, tapioca and wheat as carbon sources into bioflock system could reduce the abundance of A. hydrophila, while immune response and growth performance of catfish increase well. Abstrak Salah satu penyakit yang sering menyerang ikan lele adalah Motil Aeromonad Septicemia yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respon imun dan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan lele yang dibudidayakan pada sistem bioflok dengan sumber karbon yang berbeda serta diinfeksi oleh A. hydrophila. Peneli- tian dilakukan selama 30 hari, menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri atas lima perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan yaitu penambahan sumber karbon molase (A), tepung tapioka (B), tepung terigu (C), kontrol positif (D), dan kontrol negatif (E). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respon imun seperti total eritrosit, hematokrit, kadar hemoglo- bin, jumlah leukosit, aktivitas fagositosis, dan ledakan pernapasan pada perlakuan molase (A), tepung tapioka (B), dan tepung terigu (C) menunjukkan hasil yang lebih baik daripada kontrol. Sumber karbon molase, tapioka, dan terigu mampu meningkatkan total bakteri dan menekan pertumbuhan A. hydrophila di air dan organ ikan lele. Kinerja pertum- buhan ikan lele di sistem bioflok dengan sumber karbon tepung tapioka memberikan laju pertumbuhan harian yang le- bih tinggi dan berbeda nyata (P <0,05) dibandingkan kontrol. Sistem bioflok dengan sumber karbon molase, tapioka, dan terigu dapat menurunkan nisbah konversi pakan dan meningkatkan retensi protein. Retensi lemak dalam sistem bio- flok dengan sumber karbon molase menunjukkan hasil tertinggi. Penambahan sumber karbon molase, tapioka, dan teri- gu dalam sistem bioflok dapat menurunkan kelimpahan A. hydrophila dan meningkatkan respon imun dan kinerja per- tumbuhan ikan lele.

Induction on gonadal maturation of male striped catfish Pangasianodon hypopthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) using Javanese long pepper extract Piper retrofractum Vahl. enriched feed Yeni Elisdiana; Dinar Tri Soelistyowati; Widanarni Widanarni
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 16 No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v16i1.47

Javanese long pepper is an aphrodisiac plants that have hormonal effects. This study aimed to evaluate the using of Javanese long pepper extract (JLPE) enriched feed to accelerate the gonadal maturation of male striped catfish. The dose 37.5 and 187.5 mg kg body weight-1 day-1 JLPE enriched feed were given on treatments compared to 17-a methyl testosterone (50 ^g kg body weight-1 week-1) and control. The treatments were given for 8 weeks on male striped catfish fish weighed 250±18.6 g. Gonadosomatic index of JLPE treatment higher than control since the second week (p<0.05), also testosterone levels in 187.5 mg kg body weight-1 day-1 JLPE treatment to control (p<0.05). The spermatozoa dispersion reached 75% in JPLE treatment higher than control (p<0.05), althought there was not significant difference on spermatocrite level (p> 0.05). Therefore, JLPE treatment at dose 187.5 mg kg body weight-1 day-1 increased the reproductive performance and sperm quality of male striped catfish. Abstrak Cabe jawa merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki efek hormonal sebagai afrodisiak. Penelitian ini bertujuan un-tuk mengevaluasi pemberian ekstrak cabe jawa (ECJ) melalui pakan terhadap akselerasi pematangan gonad ikan patin siam jantan. Perlakuan yang diberikan meliputi ECJ dengan dosis 37,5 dan 187,5 mg kg ikan-1 hari-1, dibandingkan dengan 17-a Metiltestosteron (50 ^g kg ikan-1 minggu-1) dan kontrol selama 8 minggu. Perlakuan ECJ menunjukkan in-deks kematangan gonad lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol sejak minggu ke-2 (p<0,05). Kadar testosteron darah pada perlakuan ECJ 187,5 mg kg ikan-1 hari-1 lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol (p<0,05). Pada minggu ke-8, sebaran spermatozoa perlakuan ECJ mencapai 75%, sedangkan sebaran spermatozoa kontrol kurang dari 50%. Kepadatan, volume, dan motilitas sperma perlakuan ECJ dan 17a-metiltestosteron lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol (p<0,05) pada minggu ke-8, namun kadar spermatokrit menunjukkan hasil yang sama (p>0,05). Perlakuan ECJ 187,5 mg kg ikan'1 hari-1 meningkatkan performa reproduksi dan kualitas sperma ikan patin siam jantan.

Pangasianodon hypophthtalmus (Sauvage 1878) pada sistem bPangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage 1878) juvenile production using biofloc technology with different carbon sources Ita Apriani; Mia Setiawati; Tatag Budiardi; Widanarni Widanarni
Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia Vol 16 No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (Indonesian Ichthyological Society)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32491/jii.v16i1.51

Intensive aquaculture system decreases water quality through the increment of metabolic waste products such as organic nitrogen. The biofloc technology is an alternative solution to avoid the impact of high nutrients disposal in aquaculture production system. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of biofloc technology using different carbon sources on the production performance of juvenile striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Completely randomized design with 4 treatments (3 replications) was used in this research i.e.: (A) molasses carbon source, (B) tapioca carbon source, (C) wheat carbon source, and (D) without additional carbon. The juveniles length 2.26±0.12 cm, initial average body weight 0.17±0.05 g were reared for 30 days. Twelve glass tanks (60 cm x 30 cm x 40 cm) filled with 36 L freshwater were used as the experimental culture units. The fish were fed three times daily with a commercial feed containing 27% of crude protein. External organic carbon was added daily two hours after feeding at C/N 15 estimated ratio. The observed parameters i.e.: floc profile, the nutritional content of biofloc, water quality, survival rate, final body length, daily growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein retention, and lipid retention. The best results showed by molasses treatment, the highest fish survival rate (97.41±0.16 %), longest standard length (2.84±0.1 cm) and decreased feed conversion ratio (0.36±0.04). Abstrak Sistem budi daya intensif menurunkan kualitas air melalui peningkatan produk sisa metabolisme seperti nitrogen or-ganik. Penerapan teknologi bioflok adalah solusi alternatif untuk menghindari dampak buruk pembuangan nutrisi tinggi dalam sistem produksi akuakultur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh teknologi bioflok yang menggunakan sumber karbon berbeda pada kinerja produksi yuwana ikan patin (Pangasianodon hypophthal-mus). Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan (tiga kali ulang-an) yaitu: (A) sumber karbon molase, (B) sumber karbon terigu, (C) sumber karbon tapioka, dan (D) tanpa penam-bahan karbon. Yuwana ikan patin berukuran panjang awal 2,26±0,12 cm ekor-1 dan bobot rata-rata awal 0,17±0,05 g ekor-1 dipelihara selama 30 hari. Dua belas akuarium (60 cm x 30 cm x 40 cm) diisi dengan air 36 L digunakan seba-gai unit percobaan budi daya. Ikan diberi makan tiga kali sehari dengan pakan komersial mengandung protein 27%. Penambahan karbon dilakukan setiap hari 2 jam setelah makan dengan estimasi rasio C/N 15. Parameter pengamatan meliputi: profil flok, kandungan nutrisi tepung flok, kualitas air, kelangsungan hidup, pertumbuhan panjang baku, la-ju pertumbuhan harian, rasio konversi pakan, retensi protein, dan retensi lemak. Perlakuan dengan penambahan sumber karbon molase menunjukkan kelangsungan hidup tertinggi (97,41±0,16 %), pertumbuhan panjang baku (2,84±0,1 cm), dan menurunkan rasio konversi pakan (0,36±0,04).

Co-Authors . Sunarto A. Sunarma A. SUWANTO A. Suwanto A.J. Sihombing Achmad Farouq Ade Dwi Sasanti ADNI OKTAVIANA Afiff , Usamah Agus Oman Sudrajat Aldy Mulyadin Alfabetian Harjuno Condro Haditomo Alimuddin Alimuddin Alimuddin Alimuddin Alimuddin Alimudin Alimudin, Alimudin Alit Brilliant Angela Mariana Kusumastuti, Angela Mariana Angela Mariana Lusiastuti Angela Mariana Lusiastuti Angela Mariana Lusiastuti Angela Mariana Lusiastuti Angela Mariana Lusiastuti Angela Mariana Lusiastuti Angela Mariana Lusiastuti Anis Al Rosjidi Anis Zubaidah Anja Meryandini Anja Meryandini Annisa Astri Anggraeni Antonius Suwanto Apriani, Ita Ardana Kurniaji Arief Muhammad Arini Resti Fauzi Aris Tri Wahyudi Asri Sutanti, Asri Asrido, Farhan Astari, Belinda Ayi Santika B. W. LAY Bagus Ansani Takwin Bako, Surandha Benny Heltonika Bunyamin Bunyamin Catur A. Pebrianto D. Augustine D. Djokosetiyanto D. Meha D. Shafruddin D.D. Mailana D.T. Soelistyowati Daniel Djokosetiyanto DEBY YUNIASARI DEDI JUSADI Dendi Hidayatullah, Dendi Dewi Nurhayati Dewi Rahmi DIAH AYU SATYARI UTAMI DIANA ELIZABETH WATURANGI Dinamella Wahjuningrum Dinar Tri Soelistyowati Dwi Agung Saputra Dwi Nita Aryani E. Ayuzar Eddy Supriyono Edi Sudiarto Eko Sudjawoto Elizabeth Waturangi, Diana Enang Harris Enang Harris Enzeline, Valensia Evi Maria Fahmi Rajab Ferymon Mahulette Ferymon Mahulette, Ferymon Fiska Puspita Fitria Novianti Frid Agustinus Gentiga Muhammad Zairin Ghita Ryan Septiani Gustilatov, Muhamad H.J. Bugri Hamida Pattah Hamsah Hamsah Hamtini - Hamtini Hany Handajani Hariadi, Sugeng Harton Arfah Hasan Nasrullah Huda Salahudin Darusman Huda Shalahudin Darusman I. Effendi I. Tepu Iis Diatin Iis Sumartini Iman Rusmana Inem Ode Iqbal Kurniawinata, Mohamad Irma Melati Irzal Effendi Istiqomah, Amalia Ita Apriani Jeanni Indah Noermala Julie Ekasari Julyantoro, Pande Gde Sasmita Kautsar, Badar Kukuh Nirmala Lastriliah, Mira Lilik Setiyaningsih Linuwih Aluh Prastiti M. Tri Djoko Sunarno M. Yusuf Arifin M. Zairin Junior M.A. Lidaenni M.S. Arifin Maulana, Fajar Mia Setiawati Mohammad Faizal Ulkhaq MUHAMMAD AGUS SUPRAYUDI Muhammad Junior Zairin Muhammad Subhan Hamka Muhammad Zairin Jr. Mulyasari Mulyasari Mulyasari Mulyasari MUNTI YUHANA Nasrullah, Hasan NISA RACHMANIA MUBARIK Nur Bambang Priyo Utomo Nuri Kamaliah, Syarifah O. Carman Ode, Inem Prassetyo Dwi Dhany Wijaya Puguh Widagdo Putra, The Best Akbar Esa Rahmi, Kurnia Anggraini Rakhmawati, Rakhmawati, Ramadhani, Dian Eka Rifqah Pratiwi Rina Rahmawati, Rina Rio Yusufi Subhan Rizki Praseto, Rizki Rr. Bellya Anasti Maharani Ruku Ratu Borut S. Sarah Safira Qisthina Ayuningtyas, Safira Qisthina Salamah Salamah Samsu Adi Rahman Saputra, Damar Auliawan Siregar, Khoirotun Nisa SITI MARYAM Siti Munfaqiroh Sri Nuryati Sri Nuryati Suci antoro Sudrajat, R Herman Sugiyo Hadi Pranoto Sujaka Nugraha Sujono Sujono Sukenda Sukenda . Sukenda Sukenda Sukenda Sukenda SUKENDA SUKENDA Sukenda Sukenda Sukenda Sukenda Sukenda Sukenda Sukenda Sukenda Suleman, Gabriella Augustine Suryadi Saputra Tambun, Andreas Tatag Budiardi Tatik Mufidah Tatik Mufidah Titin Kurniasih Tri Heru Prihadi Tri Rezeki, Nanda Tsani Untsa, Agista Turnip, Enita Romasni Vinasyam, Apriana W. Efiyanti Wahyu Afrilasari WAODE MUNAENI Wasmen Manalu Wida Lesmanawati Wijaya, Sella Septian Windu Sukenda Wira H Saputra Wiyarni Wiyarni Y. Hadiroseyani Yani Aryati Yanti Inneke Nababan Yeni Elisdiana Yudha Trinoegraha Adiputra Yudha Trinoegraha Adiputra Yuke Eliyani Yuke Eliyani Yunarty Yunarty Zafril Imran Azwar Zairin Jr., Muhammad

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