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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Proceedings of Annual International Conference Syiah Kuala University - Life Sciences & Engineering Chapter TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Sinergi Jurnal Informatika dan Teknik Elektro Terapan CESS (Journal of Computer Engineering, System and Science) JOURNAL OF EDUCATION SCIENCE JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL AND SYSTEM CONTROL ENGINEERING Jurnal SOLMA RELE: Rekayasa Elektrikal dan Energi Jurnal Teknik Elektro JOURNAL OF APPLIED INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING Jurnal Inotera Jurdimas (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Royal TESLA: Jurnal Teknik Elektro Indonesian Journal of Applied Informatics Jurnal Elektro dan Telkomunikasi JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI Vocatech : Vocational Education and Technology Journal Jurnal Vokasi MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering International Journal of Advances in Data and Information Systems Bulletin of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering (BCSEE) Accounting and Business Journal INVENTORY : Industrial Vocational E-Journal On Agroindustry International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology Multidiciplinary Output Research for Actual and International Issue (Morfai Journal) Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering, and Technology Mejuajua Jurnal Janitra Informatika dan Sistem Informasi Journal of Renewable Energy, Electrical, and Computer Engineering Andalas Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology Sisfo: Jurnal Ilmiah Sistem Informasi Jurnal Energi Elektrik Multiverse: Open Multidisciplinary Journal Jurnal Fokus Elektroda (Energi Listrik, Telekomunikasi, Komputer, Elektronika dan Kendali) International Conference on Health Science, Green Economics, Educational Review and Technology (IHERT) Jurnal Litek : Jurnal Listrik Telekomunikasi Elektronika Journal Geuthee of Engineering and Energy Jurnal Rekayasa elektrika Buletin Pengabdian Journal Of Artificial Intelligence And Software Engineering Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Sistem Informasi Jurnal Malikussaleh Mengabdi Jurnal Solusi Masyarakat Dikara Akiratech Applied Engineering, Innovation, and Technology Portal Riset dan Inovasi Sistem Perangkat Lunak Jurnal Informatika Proceedings of International Conference on Multidisciplinary Engineering (ICOMDEN)
Arnawan Hasibuan
Universitas Malikussaleh
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Accuracy Analysis of the Capsule Network Method in Cataract Fundus Image Classification Salshabila Putri; Arnawan Hasibuan; Rizki Suwanda
Journal of Applied Informatics and Computing Vol. 10 No. 4 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30871/jaic.v10i4.13557

Abstract

Cataract is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide and requires early detection to prevent vision deterioration. Advances in artificial intelligence, particularly deep learning, have enabled the development of automated systems for medical image classification. However, conventional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) tend to lose important spatial information due to pooling operations, which may affect classification performance. This study aims to analyze the accuracy of the Capsule Network (CapsNet) method for cataract classification using fundus images. The proposed method employs image preprocessing techniques, including resizing, data augmentation, and normalization, before training the CapsNet model. The model was developed using Python and the PyTorch framework. Performance evaluation was conducted using a Confusion Matrix and several metrics, namely Accuracy, Precision, Recall, Specificity, F1-score, and Area Under the Curve (AUC). Experimental results showed that the model achieved a training accuracy of 86.29% and a best validation accuracy of 81.34%. Furthermore, testing on 1,813 fundus images resulted in an accuracy of 89.85%, precision of 94.56%, recall of 84.53%, specificity of 95.15%, F1-score of 89.26%, AUC-ROC of 95.27%, and Average Precision (AP) of 94.71%. These findings indicate that CapsNet is capable of effectively classifying cataract fundus images. Although the obtained performance is consistent with the theoretical capability of CapsNet to preserve spatial relationships among image features, this capability was not directly evaluated in the present study.
Co-Authors . Syafrudin Abdul Rahim, Siti Rafidah Abdul Rozak Abdullah A. Z Abdullah Zainuddin Abta, Armen Abubakar Dabet Adi Setiawan Afrizal, Ari Agung Budi Muljono Ahmad Maulana Kamal Ahmad Sandi Yayan Saputra Ahmada Qodri Ainal Mardhiah Ajuirai Ajuirai Akbar, Farhan Al-Ani, Waleed Khalid Ahmed Aldi Aryanugraha Mahendra Aldio Reza, Rahmanda Alfin Syatriawan Alpaslan DURMUŞ Amalia, Syifa Amrina Rosyada Ananda Agustian Andian, Andian Andik Bintoro Andiko, Benny Anggi Chairani Ardan, M. Ardy Ardian Ardian Ardiansyah Nasution Ari Afrizal Ari Nrartha Armen Abta AS, Nasruddin Ashari Zaini Hasibuan Asran Asran Asran, Asran Asri Asri Azman Azman AZMI, AZMI Azzanna, Maghriza Badriana, Badriana Baidhawi Baidhawi Baidhawi, B Bhunte, Shrikant Vasantrao Bunga Luthfia Fahmi Catra Indra Cahyadi Cindeni Puspasari Cindenia Puspasari Dahlan Abdullah Deassy Siska Dedi Fariadi Desky, Muhammad Aulia Desti Sucipto, Fentisari Dewi Maya Sari Dewi Sartika Tambunan Dheo Pratama Dupli, Dupli Dwiputra, Muhammad Farhan Dy Ilham Ediwan Ediwan Elvy Sahnur Nasution Erwin Syahputra Ezwarsyah Ezwarsyah Fadhilati, Nyak Intan Fadli Mahyudin Fadlisyah Fadlisyah Fahrian Roid Fahrian Roid Faisal Faisal Faizar Abdurrahman Fajar Syahbakti Lukman Fajar Syahbakti Lukman Fajar Syahbakti Lukman Fajar Syahbakti Lukman Fajar Syahbakti Lukman Fakhruddin Ahmad Nasution Farizi, Reza Al Ferdy Hidayatullah Ferona, Naiza Fidyatun Nisa Firwan Dani Fitra, M Gandi Supriadi Gard, Muskan Gulschen Kerimzade Habib Muharry Yusdartono Hafidzuddin, Muhammad Hamdani Hamida Azzahro, Hasna Hardi, Surya Hasibuan, Ashari Zaini Hasibuan, Fairuz Raihanah Hasibuan, Muhammad Rafif Fadlurrahman Hendri Cahyadi Hendrival, H Heri Priagusno Herman Fithra Hidayatullah, Ferdy Hilmi Hilmi Hilmi Husaini Husni Mubarak Hutagalung, Rizki Shobirin I Made Ari Nrartha I Made Ari Nratha I Made Ginarsa Ichsan Ichsan Idaryani Idaryani Ikhsan Fahri Ilham Kurnia Nasution Indra Nisja Indra Praditya Ira Devi Sara Irfansyah, Dedi Isa, Muzamir Ismi Raihan Jintaka, Dhandis Rito Kamal, Ahmad Maulana Kartika Kartika Kasman Kerimzade G.S Kerimzade G.S Kerimzade, Gulschen Khaidar, Al Khairul Fuadi Kurniawan, Dicky Kuswoyo, Muhammad Riko Lapara, Muhammad Ilham Lihan Sanjani Lukman, Fajar Syahbakti M Bayu Wibawa M Fitra Waldi M Mursalin M Sayuti M. Bayu Wibawa M. Fathan Naqi M. Rifai M. Sayuti Maghfirah, Riezka Maharani, Citra Putri Maizuar, M Mariyudi Mariyudi Mariyudi, M Marya Ulfa Marzuki Marzuki Meidina Putri, Mifta Meutia, Rizka Dwi Mirza Maulana Misbahul Jannah Misbahul Jannah Misriana Misriana Misriana Mohd Irwan Yusoff Mohd Irwan Yusoff Muchlis Abdul Muthalib Muhammad Muhammad Daud Muhammad Fikry Muhammad Fitra Zambak Muhammad Hanafi Sahar Lubis muhammad ilham manishe Muhammad Rafif Fadhlurrahman Hasibuan Muhammad Sayuti Muhammad Syakirman Muhammad Yani, Muhammad Muhammad Yusril Zulfikar Muhammad, M Muhammad, Muhammad Mulyadi Munirul Ula Muskan Gard Mutammimul Ula Muthmainnah Muthmainnah Muzair Isa Muzamir Isa Muzamir Isa Muzamir Isa Muzamir Isa Muzamir Isa Muzamir Isa Nababan, Sabar Nadia Nurfadila Naiza Ferona Nasruddin AS Nasution, Ardiansyah Nasution, Elvy Sahnur Nasution, Ilham Kurnia nisa nurkhaira Nisa Nurkhaira Novianty, Vivi Novra Nugroho, Septian Ilham Nur Laela Munawaroh Nura Usrina Nurdin Nurdin Nurdin Nurfebruary, Nanda Sitti Nursan Junita, Nursan Nurul Islami, Nurul Nuryawan, Nuryawan Nyak Intan Fadhilati Nyak Qurratu Aini Panji Aji Riha Wijayanto Prastia, Ramadhan Qausar, Muhammad Qurratu Aini, Nyak Rafif, Muhammad Rahmad Rahmad Rahmat Andria Rahmatin Nisak Raihan Putri Raihan, Ismi Ratri Candrasari, Ratri Ravi Andika Pramulya Razif, Razif Renno Kamal Putra Reza Al Farizi Rian Apriansyah Riezka Maghfirah Rifqy Azka R Rio Setiawan Rita Sovianto Rizki Julia Utama Rizki Julia Utama Rizki Shobirin H Rizki Suwanda Rizki Yaldi Rizky Almunadiansyah Rizky Almunadiyansyah Rizky Putra Fhonna Rizqan Fachroji Rizqan Fachroji Robi Kurniawan Robi Kurniawan Rofandy, Muhammad Yudha Rohana Ismail Roid, Fahrian Rony, Zahara Tussoleha Rosdiana Rosdiana Rosdiana Rosdiana rozakira zulfa Rozakira Zulfa Rozzi Kesuma Dinata Rusadi, Athirah Safina, Putri Anjali Safura Rusydi Sahal Mahfudz Said Fadlan Anshari Saifannur Saifannur Salahuddin Salahuddin Salshabila Putri Sanatra, Dedi sanjani, lihan Sapto Nisworo Sapto Nisworo Saputra, Ahmad Sandi Yayan Sartika Yanti Sastra Wijaya, Reza Satriawan, Ivan Sayuti, Muhammad Selamat Meliala Sembiring, Rizky Ramadhana Sendi Pria Ardana Shrikant Vasantrao Bhunte Silvia Silvia Siregar, Aria Maigawa Siregar, Widyana Verawaty Siregar, Wiedyana Verawaty Siti Rafidah Abdul Rahim Sofyan Arianto Suhendra Suhendra Suhendra Suhendra Sukarwoto, Sukarwoto Sultan Sultan Supriono Supriono Supriono Supriono Surya Hardi, Surya Suryati Suryati Syafii . Syarifah Muthia Putri Syatriawan, Alfin Tajuk Tangke Nate Taneza, Erlan Tangke nate, Tajuk Taufiq Taufiq Taufiq Teuku Multazam Tibyan Asyukri Verawaty Siregar, Widyana Waldi, M. Fitra Waldi, Muhammad Fitra Waleed Khalid Ahmed Al-Ani Widyana Verawaty Siregar Widyana Verawaty Siregar Yoga Tri Nugraha Yundari, Yundari Zahiri, Muhtadi Zainuddin Ginting Zara Yunizar Zulfadli Pelawi Zulhiz Tami Zulnazri, Z