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Arief Budiman
Chemical Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada
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Journal : International Journal of Renewable Energy Development

 1 
Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina Platensis Residue Jamilatun, Siti; Budhijanto, Budhijanto; Rochmadi, Rochmadi; Budiman, Arief
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 6, No 3 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.6.3.193-201

Abstract

 Analysis of thermal decomposition and pyrolisis reaction kinetics of Spirulina platensis residue (SPR) was performed using Thermogravimetric Analyzer. Thermal decomposition was conducted with the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min from 30 to 1000oC. Thermogravimetric (TG), Differential Thermal Gravimetric (DTG), and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) curves were then obtained. Each of the curves was divided into 3 stages. In Stage I, water vapor was released in endothermic condition. Pyrolysis occurred in exothermic condition in Stage II, which was divided into two zones according to the weight loss rate, namely zone 1 and zone 2. It was found that gasification occurred in Stage III in endothermic condition. The heat requirement and heat release on thermal decomposition of SPR are described by DTA curve, where 3 peaks were obtained for heating rate 10, 20 and 30°C/min and 2 peaks for 40 and 50°C/min, all peaks present in Zone 2. As for the DTG curve, 2 peaks were obtained in Zone 1 for similar heating rates variation. On the other hand, thermal decomposition of proteins and carbohydrates is indicated by the presence of peaks on the DTG curve, where lignin decomposition do not occur due to the low lipid content of SPR (0.01wt%). The experiment results and calculations using one-step global model successfully showed that the activation energy (Ea) for the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min for zone 1 were 35.455, 41.102, 45.702, 47.892 and 47.562 KJ/mol, respectively, and for zone 2 were 0.0001428, 0.0001240, 0.0000179, 0.0000100 and 0.0000096 KJ/mol, respectively.Keywords: Spirulina platensis residue (SPR), Pyrolysis, Thermal decomposition, Peak, Activation energy.Article History: Received June 15th 2017; Received in revised form August 12th 2017; Accepted August 20th 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Jamilatun, S., Budhijanto, Rochmadi, and Budiman, A. (2017) Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis Residue, International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 6(3), 193-201.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.193-201
Tin (II) Chloride Catalyzed Esterification of High FFA Jatropha Oil: Experimental and Kinetics Study Kusumaningtyas, Ratna Dewi; Handayani, Prima Astuti; Rochmadi, Rochmadi; Purwono, Suryo; Budiman, Arief
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 3, No 2 (2014): July 2014
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.3.2.75-81

Abstract

Biodiesel is one of the promising energy source alternatives to fossil fuel. To produce biodiesel in a more economical way, the employment of the low-cost feed stocks, such as non-edible oils with high free fatty acid (FFA), is necessary. Accordingly, the esterification reaction of FFA in vegetable oils plays an important role in the biodiesel production. In this work, esterification of FFA contained in Crude Jatropha Oil (CJO) in the presence of tin (II) chloride catalyst in a batch reactor has been carried out. The esterification reaction was conducted using methanol at the temperature of 40-60 °C for 4 hours. The effect of molar ratio of methanol to oil was studied in the range 15:1 to 120:1. The influence of catalyst loading was investigated in the range of 2.5 to 15% w/w oil. The optimum reaction conversion was obtained at 60 °C with the catalyst loading of 10% w/w oil and molar ratio of methanol to oil of 120:1. A pseudo-homogeneous reversible second order kinetic model for describing the esterification of FFA contained in CJO with methanol over tin (II) chloride catalyst was developed based on the experimental data. The kinetic model can fit the data very well.
Multi-Feedstocks Biodiesel Production from Esterification of Calophyllum inophyllum Oil, Castor Oil, Palm Oil and Waste Cooking Oil Hadiyanto, H; Aini, Apsari Puspita; Widayat, Widayat; Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati; Budiman, Arief; Roesyadi, Achmad
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 1 (2020): February 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.1.119-123

Abstract

Biodiesel can be produced from various vegetable oils and animal fat. Abundant sources of vegetable oil in Indonesia, such as Calophyllum inophyllum, Ricinus communis, palm oil, and waste cooking oil, were used as raw materials. Multi-feedstock biodiesel was used to increase the flexibility operation of biodiesel production. This study was conducted to determine the effect of a combination of vegetable oils on biodiesel characteristics. Degumming and two steps of esterification were applied for high free fatty acid feedstock before trans-esterification in combination with other vegetable oils. Potassium hydroxide was used as a homogenous catalyst and methanol as another raw material. The acid value of C. inophyllum decreased from 54 mg KOH/gr oil to 2.15 mg KOH/gr oil after two steps of esterification. Biodiesel yield from multi-feedstock was 87.926% with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 6:1, temperature of 60 ℃, and catalyst of 1%wt. ©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved
Effect of Devices and Driving Pressures on Energy Requirements and Mass Transfer Coefficient on Microalgae Lipid Extraction Assisted by Hydrodynamic Cavitation Setyawan, Martomo; Mulyono, Panut; Sutijan, Sutijan; Pradana, Yano Surya; Prasakti, Laras; Budiman, Arief
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 3 (2020): October 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2020.26773

Abstract

Previous studies of biodiesel production from microalgae have concluded that microalgal biodiesel is not profitable at an industrial scale due to its excessive energy consumption for lipid extraction. Hydrodynamic cavitation lipid extraction is one of the extraction methods which has lower energy consumption. Thismethod enables a fast extraction rate and low energy consumption for cell disruption. In order to achieve optimum process conditions, several influential parameters, which are cavitation generator geometry and driving pressure, need to be scrutinized. The experimental result showed that the maximum yield was obtained at 5 bar driving pressure. The lowest specific extraction energy was obtained at 4.167 bar driving pressure while using one side concave cavitation generator geometry with the ratio of the reduced cross-sectional area of 0.39. The value of the energy extraction requirement 17.79 kJoule/g lipids is less than the biodiesel heating value, and the value of the volumetric mass transfer coefficient is almost 20 times fold greater than the conventional extraction method, therefore this method is promising to be further developed.
Thermogravimetric Analysis and Kinetic Study on Catalytic Pyrolysis of Rice Husk Pellet using Its Ash as a Low-cost In-situ Catalyst Wibowo, Wusana Agung; Cahyono, Rochim Bakti; Rochmadi, Rochmadi; Budiman, Arief
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 11, No 1 (2022): February 2022
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2022.41887

Abstract

The thermogravimetric behaviors and the kinetic parameters of uncatalyzed and catalyzed pyrolysis processes of a mixture of powdered raw rice husk (RRH) and its ash (RHA) in the form of pellets were determined by thermogravimetric analysis at three different heating rates, i.e., 5, 10, and 20 K/min, from 303 to 873 K. This research aimed to prove that the rice husk ash has a catalytic effect on rice husk pyrolysis. To investigate the catalytic effect of RHA, rice husk pellets (RHP) with the weight ratio of RRH:ARH of 10:2 were used as the sample. Model-free methods, namely Friedman (FR), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), were used to calculate the apparent energy of activation(EA). The thermogravimetric analysis showed that the decomposition of RHP in a nitrogen atmosphere could be divided into three stages: drying stage (303-443 K), the rapid decomposition stage (443-703 K), and the slow decomposition stage (703-873 K). The weight loss percentages of each stage for both uncatalyzed and catalyzed pyrolysis of RHP were 2.4-5.7%, 35.5-59.4%, and 2.9-12.2%, respectively. Using the FR, FWO, and KAS methods, the values of  for the degrees of conversion (a) of 0.1 to 0.65 were in the range of 168-256 kJ/mol for the uncatalyzed pyrolysis and 97-204 kJ/mol for the catalyzed one. We found that the catalyzed pyrolysis led the  to have values lower than those got by the uncatalyzed one. This phenomenon might prove that RHA has a catalytic effect on RHP pyrolysis by lowering the energy of activation.
Co-Authors . Widayat Abdul Ghofur Abdul Rohman Achmad Halim Purbohandono Achmad Rizky Fazar Achmad Roesyadi Adidtya Perdana, Adidtya Afkarina, Izzeh Aflah, Arief agung setiawan Agus Aktawan, Agus Agus Suyono, Eko Ahda Hafidz, Anggaditya Ahmad Agus Setiawan Ahmad Tawfiequrrahman Yuliansyah Aini, Apsari Puspita Akly, Faisal Akmal, M. Alfarisi, Muhammad Alisharsa, Muhammad Dafa Alita Lelyana Alwiyah Alwiyah Amelia, Ria Anastasia Ary Noviyanti Andhika Puspito Nugroho Andini Putri, Egydia Ardy Aprilian Anwar Ari Usman, Ari Arif Yulianto Widi Kurniawan Arifin, A. Zainul Arum Wulandari, Hesti Ashari, Maajid Surya Putra Astiti, Adam Avido Yuliestyan Aydogmus, Ilkay Baehaqi Boy Arief Fachri Budhijanto Budhijanto Budhijanto Budhijanto Budhijanto Budhijanto Budhijanto Budhijanto Budhijanto Budhijanto, Budhijanto Budi Budi Budi BUDI SETIADI DARYONO Burhanto, Burhanto Cahyono, Rochim Bakti Chafid Fandeli Cindiati, Maya Damaiyanti, Mukhripah Damayanti, Fera Daniar Rianawati David David Dedi Irwan Defiani Putri Denanti Demmanggasa, Yultan Dewayanto , Nugroho Dewi, RD. D. Lokita Pramesti Dewi, Rike Tri Kumala Diana Diana Diananto Prihandoko Diansyah, T.M Diena Yudiarti Dwi Pratiwi Edy Yulianto Eko Agus Suyono Eko Agus Suyono Ely Afridiana Kuncoro Eni Budiyati Erfianti, Tia Erna Ferrinadewi Fachri, Barany Febrian, Wenny Desty Fitri Annisah lubis, Yessi Fitri Natalia Fitri, Linda Dwi Novial Galang Fitrianto, Wisesa Ghifari, Muhmmad Nurshandy Al Gusti, Alexander Kenzy Pinaring H Hadiyanto H.M. Edwar Juliartha Handayani, Fitriyani Yetti Handayani, Septy Handoko, Divi Harahap, Herlina Harlina Putri, Lily Hary Sulistyo Heri Heriyanto Heri Rustamaji Herti Utami Humaidi, Achmad Husaini, M. Hutasuhut, Muhammad Rizki Hamdani Ikhwan Faisal, Ikhwan Ilham Mufandi Ilham Mufandi Imas Komariah, Imas Imran Lubis Indriana Lestari Irgie, Rafi Irwan Setyaji ISKANDAR Istiqomah, Aisa Fadhilatul Jarman Arroisi Joko Waluyo Karilanata, Khalid Erlangga Khalidy, Furqan Kinanti, Isnatul Agil Kurnianto, Dedy Kurniawan, Aries Taufiq Kurniawan, Yulius Kusmeri, Kusmeri Kustiawan, Unggul Kusuma, Melvin Aryadika Laila Refiana Said Lakilaki, Eogenie Laksana, Rio Dhani Lestari, Dwi Indah Lestari, Yuyun Dwi Lucia Tri Suwanti, Lucia Tri M Iqbal Maulana Ginting Maggandari, Revata Mahfuddin, Rohmat Makalew, Paulina Vega Mardiah Mardiah Mardyansah, Deviko Margaretha Praba Aulia Maria Theresia Sri Budiastuti Martomo Setyawan Marwa, Annisa Masduki Maswani Maswani, Maswani Mien Rukmini, Mien Minny Elisa Yanggah Mitha Puspitasari Mochammad Donny Koerniawan Muhammad Mufti Azis Muhammad Rivai Muhammad Saifi Muhammad Yudhi Rezaldi, Muhammad Yudhi Muis Murtadho Munadi, Yudhi Muzakar Isa Nabila Fauzi Nadza, Reza Nainggolan, Theodora MV Natalia, Fitri Naufalina, Fariha E Ningtiyas, Sevia Dewi Norjannah, Norjannah Nugroho Dewayanto, Nugroho Nur Wulan, Nur Nurafifah, Istini Nuril Huda Nurtiar, Haryo Oktafia, Linda Ortiz, Edixon Daniel Pandjaitan, Manahan Budiarto Panut Mulyono Pauzi, Riky Pereira, Julio Prabang Setyono Pradana, Yano Surya Prakasa, Razaan Mauli Al-Farizi Prasakti, Laras Prasetyo, Ridwan Budi Prima Astuti Handayani Putri Restu Dewati Putri, Renata Adaranyssa Egistha Qonita Maghfiroh, Khusnul R Rochmadi Rachman, Mohammad Yudy Rachmat Aulia, Rachmat Rachmawan Budiarto Ratna Dewi Kusumaningtyas Rediono, Erwin Regita, Nira C. Ridwan Budi Prasetyo Ringgani, Retno Riski, Sari Kurnia Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rojuaniah Rojuaniah Roto Roto Rozy, Ahmad Rusmiati, Elis Rusniati Rusniati Ryan Sadewo, Brilian S Sutijan Sadewo , Brilian Ryan Sarudin Sarudin, Sarudin Septiyaningsih Septiyaningsih Setianto, Diki Putra Setiantoro, Arief Eko Sholeh, Aminuddin Sihotang, Ferryanto Simanungkalit, Muhammad Iqbal Arghribi Sinaga, Jepriando Siregar, Muhammad Ramulia Siregar, Yosua Arihta R. Sada Siti Ferniah, Rejeki Siti Jamilatun Siti Jamilatun Siti Khadijah siti mudrikah Siti Soekiswati Siti Sundari Sitompul, Siti Cholijah Solly Aryza Sri Dwi Astuti Al Noor Sucahyati, Diarany Sugeng, Joko Suhendra Suhendra Suhendra Suhendra Sulistyawati Sulistyawati Sumitro Sumitro Suriati, Suriati Suryo Purwono Susanto, Try Sutijan Sutijan Sutijan Sutijan Sutijan Suyono, Dr. Eko Agus Syahputra, Tengku Tantri Yanuar Rahmat Syah Tarigan, Duncan Dancin Tiara Radinska Deanda Tommy Munaf Tommy, Tommy Topani, Ilham Tri Wahyu Setyaningrum, Tri Wahyu Ulfah Juniarti Siregar Ummul Khair Usman, Arie Utami, Dewi Ayu Anggraeni Vendy, Vicky Verawati, Linda Wahyu Wilopo Wahyudi Budi Sediawan Widodo, Condro widyastuti, ira Wijaya, R. Muh Syah Arief Atmaja Wiyono, Edi Wusana Agung Wibowo, Wusana Agung Yessi Fitri Annisah Lubis Yosa Fiandra Yulius Hari Yunita Sari Yuslainiwati, Yuslainiwati