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Review of Phytochemicals and Its Biological Activities and Contemporary Nutraceuticals Laode Rijai
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 4 No. 6 (2019): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v4i6.216

Abstract

Nutraceutical is food for health with functions of preventive, promotive, rehabilitation, aesthetic, intelligence to curative. Nutraceuticals as food products can have a contemporary value, which is a trend or extraordinary circumstance that attracts consumers because of its function as a supplement, functional food, medical food, and genetically engineered food so that it penetrates the world market without limits. Nutraceuticals that are contemporary make it easy to achieve the goals of health care by using the "nutraceuticals" approach because the client wishes to himself with a high level of confidence in the benefits of the product for health and therefore uses it. Potential compound for nutraceuticals is secondary metabolites because it has multipotential for health, but specific to certain functions. Secondary metabolites, generally sourced from low plants and animals, because these biological groups do not have a perfect secretion system so that metabolites resulting from secondary metabolism are stored in cells and tissues properly, with several functions, among others, for defense and attractiveness of the biological. Some of the classes and compounds of plant secondary metabolites that are known to have potential for nutraceuticals are Terpenoids, Terpenoids non-Carotenoids, Polyphenolics, Phenolic Acids, Non-Flavonoid Polyphenolics, Glucosinolates, Thiosulphinates, Phytosterols, Anthraquinones, Glucosamines, Octacosanolines, Characticines, Chines) Pectin, Pigments, Tocotrienols and Tocopherols, Ubiquinon and ?-Lipoic Acid. Furthermore, some contemporary nutraceuticals are Spiruline, Broccoli, Aloe Vera Gel and Aloe Juice, Soyfoods, Omega-3- Fatty Acids, Pomegranate Juice, Walnuts, and Organic Mushroom Nutrace.
Impact of Halal Information on Purchasing Decisions moderated Religiosity in Food and Beverage Provision Junaidin Junaidin; Syarifah Hudaya; Laode Rijai; Tetra Hidayat; Djoko Setyadi
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 5 No. 3 (2021): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v5i3.304

Abstract

Halal information on Food and Beverage Preparations, analyze for influence on Purchasing Decisions. Novelty research is the Role of Moderation to the relationship of Halal Information to Purchasing Decisions. Using structural model equations (SEM), there is a positive and significant impact of Halal Information on Purchasing Decisions. There is a positive and considerable moderation of Religiosity to the relationship between Halal Information and Purchasing Decisions. The practical implications of the study's results, empirically proving that Halal Information listed on Food and Beverage Preparations led to an increase in Purchasing Decisions, and consumer Religiosity showed significant differences. Advice for Food and Beverage manufacturers to keep halal information on Food and Beverage Preparations because it affects positive buying decisions.
Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder dan Uji Bioaktivitas Terhadap Larva Udang (Artemia salina Leach.) Ekstrak Daun Kecapi (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.) Destri Erawaty; Aditya Fridayanti; Laode Rijai
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 1 No. 6 (2016): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v1i6.64

Abstract

Secondary metabolites identification and bioactivity of santol leaves extract (S.koetjape Merr.) against Artemia salina Leach has been done. Secondary metabolite identification was done by testing santol leaves extract and fractions against reagent, whereas the bioactivity tests carried out by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. Santol leaves extract was extracted using methanol solvent and was fractioned using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol solvents. The results showed that the santol leaves extract contain flavanoid, saponin, tannin, karatenoid, fenol, steroid, and triterpenoid. LC50 value of each crude extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-butanol fraction was 190.12 ppm, 189.23 ppm, 299.23 ppm, and 301.99 ppm.
Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Sumpit (Brucea javanica (L). Merr) dengan Metode DPPH Nurul Fitriani; Herman Herman; Laode Rijai
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v2i1.116

Abstract

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang berjudul Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Sumpit (Brucea javanica (L.) Merr.) dengan metode DPPH. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan, nilai IC50, ekstrak yang memiliki aktivitas terbaik sebagai antioksidan, serta mengetahui potensi antioksidan daun sumpit (Brucea javanica (L.) Merr.) dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif vitamin C. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode peredaman radikal bebas DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) yang diujikan pada ekstrak kasar metanol, ekstrak fraksi n-heksana, ekstrak fraksi etil asetat, dan ekstrak fraksi n-butanol daun sumpit (Brucea javanica (L.) Merr.). Nilai IC50 untuk masing-masing sampel antara lain 152 ppm pada ekstrak kasar, 227 ppm pada ekstrak fraksi n-heksana, 91,12 ppm pada ekstrak fraksi etil asetat, dan 154,54 ppm pada ekstrak fraksi n-butanol. Dari pengujian aktivitas antioksidan diketahui bahwa ekstrak yang memberikan aktivitas antioksidan terbaik adalah ekstrak fraksi etil asetat.
Reviuw Beberapa Bioaktivitas dan Senyawa Kimia Organisme Laut untuk Kefarmasian Laode Rijai
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v2i1.124

Abstract

The sea as a habitat for organisms, is very characteristic and extreme compared to the terrestrial environment. This extreme environment allows the metabolic processes of living things within to become characteristic and produce a number of secondary metabolites that are characteristic for defense. Secondary metabolites are certain compounds that are only possessed by certain orgasms, and these class of compounds are very valuable for pharmaceuticals such as raw materials for medicines, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, to medical devices. A number of types of compounds with biological activity very important for pharmaceuticals originating from marine organisms are (a) Cytotoxic activities sourced from Sinularin compounds, Crassin Acetate, Cytarabine, Fludarabine, Aplysistatin, Geranylhydroquinone, Asperidol (b) Cardiovascular activities for (i) Activities for Cardiotonic namely compounds Laminin, Octopamine, Saxitoxin, Autonomium Chlorides (ii) Activities for Hypotensive namely Spongosine, Doridosine, Aaptameine, Hymenin (c) Marine Toxin, namely compounds of the group Polytoxin, such as Palytoxin; Red Tide Toxin compounds such as Tetrodotoxin, Brevetoxin in the form of Pb Tx-1 and Pb Ts-1; and Ciguatera Toxin groups, namely Ciguatoxin (d) Antimicrobial Activity such as Zonarol, Prepacifenol, Polyhalo-3-Butene-2-one; Tetrabromo-2-heptanone; 2-Cyano-4,5-dibromopyrrole, Aeroplysinin (+) and (-); Eunicin (e) Activities for Antibiotics namely Okadaic Acid, Acanthfolicin, Norhalichondrin A; and (f) Active Miscellaneous for Pharmaceuticals, namely Latrunculin A and B; Kainic Acid, Domoic Acid, Vidarabine, Aplysinopsin, Barettin, Nereistotoxin and 28-Deoxyzoanthenamine compounds.
Kajian Konsentrasi Ekstrak Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) sebagai Bahan Aktif Antiseptik dalam Sediaan Sabun Padat : Study of Concentration of Red Betel Leaf Extract (Piper crocatum) as Antiseptic Active Ingredient in Solid Soap Lisna Meylina; Arsyik Ibrahim; Laode Rijai
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 6 (2021): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v3i6.1001

Abstract

Sirih merah (Piper crocatum) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang diketahui secara empiris berkhasiat sebagai antiseptik. Melihat potensi tersebut, memungkinkan sirih merah untuk dikembangkan lebih jauh dalam produk sediaan farmasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirih merah sebagai bahan aktif dalam sediaan sabun padat yang efektif sebagai antiseptik serta mengetahui kestabilan fisik dari sediaan tersebut. Pengujian efektivitas antiseptik dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar dan pengujian stabilitas fisik (busa dan pH) yang diukur dan diamati selama 4 minggu. Hasil efektivitas antiseptik sediaan diperoleh hasil yang baik terhadap ketiga mikroba uji (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus dan Candida albicans) dimana diperoleh konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirih merah yang paling efektif sebagai antiseptik adalah 1% (F2) dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif. Hasil dari pengujian stabilitas fisik selama 4 minggu diperoleh kestabilan busa yang baik serta pH sediaan yang stabil.
Efek Konsumsi Kopi terhadap Kadar MDA (Malondialdehid) Tikus Terpapar Asap Rokok: Effect of Coffee Consumption on the Levels of MDA (Malondialdehyde) in Rats Exposed to Cigarette Smoke Lizma Febrina; Aryanti Aryanti; Rolan Rusli; Laode Rijai
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i2.1797

Abstract

Coffee is the most commonly consumed beverage beside water. In addition to its benefits as a beverage that reduces drowsiness, coffee reportedly possesses a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, and antidiabetic activity. To the best of our knowledge, no scientific studies have been published on the ability of coffee to reduce the increase in MDA levels in experimental animals exposed to cigarette smoke. The purpose of this research was to determine the possibility that coffee can indeed reduce MDA levels in animals exposed to cigarette smoke. The coffee used in this study was instant robusta coffee, which had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity. MDA levels were determined using the TBARS method. Results indicated that coffee could decrease MDA levels by 11.84 percent. This data indicates that coffee can mitigate the negative effects of cigarette smoke exposure. Keywords: Robusta Coffee, Malondialdehyde, Cigarette Smoke Abstrak Kopi merupakan minuman yang paling banyak dikonsumsi setelah air putih. Selain manfaatnya sebagai minuman yang mengurangi rasa kantuk, kopi juga dilaporkan memiliki berbagai aktivitas biologis, seperti aktivitas antioksidan, aktivitas antibakteri serta aktivitas antidiabetes. Namun, sepanjang pengetahuan kami, belum ada laporan ilmiah mengenai kemampuan kopi dalam meredam peningkatan kadar MDA hewan coba yang dipaparkan asap rokok. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan seduhan kopi dalam mengurangi kadar MDA hewan coba yang dipaparkan asap rokok. Kopi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kopi instan jenis kopi robusta yang memiliki aktivitas peredaman radikal DPPH yang paling baik. Kadar MDA diukur menggunakan metode TBARS. Didapatkan hasil bahwa seduhan kopi dapat menurunkan kadar MDA sebesar 11,84%. Data ini mengungkapkan kemampuan kopi dalam mengurangi efek negatif dari paparan asap rokok. Kata Kunci: Kopi Robusta, Malondialdehida, Asap Rokok
PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TENAGA KESEHATAN TERHADAP OBAT HALAL DI KOTA SAMARINDA Suparningtyas Juniza Firdha; Janggo Abdul Rahman; Rijai Laode
Pharmacoscript Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Pharmacoscript
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36423/pharmacoscript.v7i2.1777

Abstract

Produk farmasi halal mendapatkan perhatian yang signifikan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir karena meningkatnya permintaan akan produk yang sesuai dengan prinsip Islam. Sebagai pemangku kepentingan utama dalam industri pelayanan kesehatan, petugas kesehatan memainkan peran penting dalam memastikan keselamatan dan kesejahteraan pasien, khususnya dokter dan apoteker sebagai lini terdepan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap tenaga kesehatan terhadap obat halal, menggali pemahaman mereka tentang obat halal dan sikap mereka terhadap peresepan dan pemberian produk tersebut. Metode penelitian observasi secara cross sectional menggunakan kuisioner terhadap 58 apoteker dan dokter di kota Samarinda yang ditentukan secara purposive sampling. Beberapa karakteristik responden juga dianalisis selain tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap. Tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap ditentukan dengan analisis univariat sehingga diperoleh bahwa sebaran tingkat pengetahuan apoteker dan dokter yang tergolong tinggi, secara berurutan yaitu 89,4% dan 85,2%. Begitu pula sikap apoteker dan dokter juga tergolong tinggi terhadap obat halal, secara berurutan yaitu sebesar 82,4% dan 87,5%.
Secondary Metabolites and Cytotoxicity of Kitolod Leaf Extract (Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don to Shrimp Larvae (Artemia salina Leach): Metabolit Sekunder dan Sitotoksisitas Ekstrak Daun Kitolod (Hippobroma longiflora (L.)) terhadap Larva Udang (Artemia salina Leach) Ibrahim, Arsyik; Bulan, Adisty Sindi; Ramadhan, M. Rahmad; Bone, Mahfuzun; Rija'i, Hifdzur Rashif; Rusman, Arman; Arifuddin, M.; Junaidin, Junaidin; Rijai, Laode
Jurnal Riseta Naturafarm Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Riseta Naturafarm
Publisher : B-Creta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70392/jrn.v2i1.3342

Abstract

One of the plants used by the people of East Kalimantan, especially the people of West Kutai, as a medicinal plant is Kitolod (Hippobroma longiflora L.). The plant parts used are the leaves and flowers. The secondary metabolites contained in Kitolod leaves are alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and polyphenols. The aim of this research is to identify secondary metabolite groups and test the cytotoxicity of Kitolod leaf extracts and fractions. Secondary metabolites are identified qualitatively using various chemical reagents and metabolites characterized by the presence or absence of color changes or the presence of sediment or foam. Cytotoxicity testing was carried out using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The data research was analyzed using the Reed and Muench method to determine the Lethality Concentration 50% value. The results of research on the metabolite content of ethanol extract, fractions: n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol contain alkaloid, flavonoids and phenolic/polyphenols compounds. The bioactivity test results for the ethanol extract had an LC50 value of 592.93 ppm, the n-hexane fractions of 582.77 ppm, the ethyl acetate fraction of 531.37 ppm, and the n-butanol fraction of 119.48 ppm. These results indicate that the n-butanol fraction of Kitolod leaves has stronger cytotoxic activity than other extracts. .
Aktivitas Antihiperglikemia Infusa Daun Sambung Nyawa (Gynura Procumbens) dengan Metode Toleransi Glukosa pada Mencit Jantan (Mus Musculus): Antihyperglycemic Activities of Sambung Nyawa Leaves (Gynura Procumbens) Infusion using a Glucose Tolerance Method in Male Mice (Mus Musculus) Ridhotulloh, Yusuf Isro; Rijai, Laode; Mus, Nurul Muhlisa; Arifuddin, M.; Ibrahim, Arsyik; Ahmad, Islamudin; Herman, Herman; Hikmawan, Baso Didik; Junaidin, Junaidin; Febrina, Lizma; Faisal, Muhammad; Rusman, Arman; Riki, Riki; Almeida, Maria; Bone, Mahfuzun; Arifian, Hanggara; Samsul, Erwin
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v7i2.2421

Abstract

Hyperglycemia is a condition where blood sugar increases significantly which can lead to diabetes mellitus. Sambung Nyawa (Gynura Procumbens) leaves are a plant that is empirically believed to reduce hyperglycemia and has been scientifically proven based on several studies, however there has been no research that provides information about sembung nyawa leaves in infusion form. This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites in the infusion of the leaves of Gynura Procumbens and its antihyperglycemia activity in male males. This study consisted of phytochemical and antihyperglycemia screening using a tolerance method induced by glucose monohydrate at a dose of 2g/kgBW. The test group consisted of a negative control group (Na CMC 1%), a positif group (Glibenclamide), and 3 groups of sambung nyawa leaf infusion (5%, 10%, 15%). The results of the research showed that the infusion of sembung nyawa leaves contained secondary metabolites, namely tannins, phenolics, flavonoids and saponins. The effect of reducing blood sugar levels in test animals showed a significant reduction (0.00<0.05) at a 10% concentration infusion compared to the negative control and not significant to the positive control. The conclusion shows that the infusion of sambung nyawa leaves has an antihyperglycemic effect. Keywords:          Antihyperglycemic, Sambung Nyawa Leaves, Glucose Monohydrate   Abstrak Hiperglikemia merupakan kondisi peningkatan gula darah yang cukup signifikan yang akan berubah menjadi kondisi diabetes mellitus. Daun sambung nyawa (Gynura Procumbens) merupakan tumbuhan yang dipercaya secara empiris menurunkan hiperglikemia dan terbukti secara ilmiah berdasarkan beberapa penelitian dalam bentuk ekstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder pada infusa daun sambung nyawa dan aktivitas antihiperglikemia pada mencit jantan. Penelitian ini terdiri dari skrining fitokimia dan antihiperglikemia menggunakan metode toleransi yang dinduksi glukosa monohidrat dengan dosis 2g/kgBB. Kelompok uji terdiri dari kelompok kontrol negatif (Na CMC 1%), positif (Glibenklamid), dan 3 kelompok infusa daun sembung nyawa (5%, 10%, 15%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan infusa daun sambung nyawa mengandung metabolit sekunder yaitu tanin, fenolik, flavonoid dan saponin. Efek penurunan kadar gula darah pada hewan uji menunjukkan penurunan yang signifikan (0,00<0,05) pada infusa konsentrasi 10% dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kontrol positif. Kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa infusa daun sambung nyawa mempunyai efek antihiperglikemia. Kata Kunci:         Antihiperglikemia, Daun Sambung Nyawa, Glukosa Monohidrat  
Co-Authors Aditya Fridayanti Agus Setiawaty Alfenia Rahmayanti Almeida, Maria Amanda, Rezti Anggreini, Putri Arifian, Hanggara Arifin, Arfiani Arifin, Arfina Sukmawati Arifuddin, M Arifuddin, Muhammad Arsyik Ibrahim Arum, Alvionita Puspa Aryanti Aryanti Badawi, Satriani Baso Didik Hikmawan Bone, Mahfuzun Brilian Dwisaputra Bandu Bulan, Adisty Sindi Destri Erawaty Djoko Setyadi Erwin Samsul Fadhil, Andi Raihan Fahriani Iatiqamah Jafar Fahriani Istiqamah Jafar Fahrul Rozi Farah Erika Farah, Harra Ismi Herliani Herliani Herman Herman Hernawati, Desy Ibrahim, Arsyik Ina Indriyani Islamudin Ahmad Islamudin Ahmad ISWAHYUDI ISWAHYUDI Janggo Abdul Rahman Jeremia Giawa, Agusto Junaidin Junaidin Junaidin, Junaidin Kadir, Nurdianah Abdul Kama Tasawa, Gymnastiyar Lestari, Wahyu Yunita Lia Novita Alydrus Lisna Meylina Lizma Febrina M. Arifuddin, M. Mersi Mersi Mohd Azlan Nafiah, Mohd Azlan Muhammad Faisal Mus, Nurul Muhlisa Novita Eka Kartab Putri Nugra Ilmahdi Nurul Fitriani Olivia Siregar, Vita Pasaribu, Handayani Purwita Sari, Regina Rahmadani, Agung Ramadhan, M. Rahmad Rashif Rijai, Hifdzur Rezky Khairun Nisaa, Nur Rezqiyana, Gita Anna Ridhotulloh, Yusuf Isro Rija'i, Hidfdzur Rashif Rija'i, Hifdzur Rashif Rijai, Hifdzur Rashif Rija’i, Hifdzur Rashif RIKI RIKI, RIKI Rolan Rusli Rusli, Rolan Rusman, Arman Sabaniah Indjar Gama Salam, Supriatno Salea, Sealti Puji Saputri, Mitha Sari, Indah Dewi Sinthary, Venna Sita, Annisa Aulia Siti Hardiyanti Sukemi Sukemi Suparningtyas, Juniza Firdha Supriatno Syamsiar, Syamsiar Syarifah Hudaya Tasya, Indriana Tetra Hidayat Usman Usman Venna Sinthary Windarti, Sri Wirhanuddin, Wirhanuddin Yazid, Muhammad Ilfan