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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan indonesia JURNAL PROMOSI KESEHATAN INDONESIA Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Indonesian Journal of Urology Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry JIMKesmas (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kesehatan Masyarakat) Kesmas Indonesia: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat Equilibrium: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Akuntansi Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Buletin Farmatera Jurnal Kesehatan Medika Saintika Window of Health : Jurnal Kesehatan SCIENTIA JOURNAL Jambura Journal of Health Sciences and Research Journal of Humanities and Social Studies Jurnal Kesehatan Medical Technology and Public Health Journal Poltekita : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan JURNAL MUTIARA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Lingkungan Hidup Jurnal Kesmas Prima Indonesia Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Health Information : Jurnal Penelitian PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Jurnal Prima Medika Sains Jurnal Doppler Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Journal of Telenursing (JOTING) Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Science Midwifery TIN: TERAPAN INFORMATIKA NUSANTARA Babali Nursing Research Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, Psikologi Dan Kesehatan (J-P3K) Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Jurnal Abdimas Ilmiah Citra Bakti (JAICB) International Journal Of Science, Technology & Management (IJSTM) JOURNAL LA MEDIHEALTICO MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Saintika Meditory PROFESSIONAL HEALTH JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CULTURAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM) JUMANTIK (Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian Kesehatan) Buletin Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Prima Indonesian Journal of Cancer Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR) International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia (Japendi) Cerdika: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Jurnal Mahasiswa Ilmu Kesehatan Haga Journal of Public Health (HJPH) Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Malahayati International Journal of Nursing and Health Science Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan Jurnal Info Kesehatan Folia Medica Indonesiana
Girsang, Ermi
Faculty of Public Health, University of Prima Indonesia
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The Effect Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Application On Lifestyle In Hypertension Patients At Royal Prima Marelan Hospital 2022 Kurniawan Purba, Abdi; Girsang, Ermi; Silaen, Mangatas
International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical (IJHP) Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijhp.v3i3.187

Abstract

Hypertension is still a health problem in the elderly group. As a result of rapid development and a prosperous standard of living and health services can increase life expectancy, so that the number of elderly people increases every year. This increase in age is often followed by an increase in degenerative diseases and other health problems in this group. Psychological interventions are believed to be able to change a person's behavior towards a better direction in disease control and prevention. This study measures the impact of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) interventions on self-care management of hypertensive patients.This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest and control group design. The research subjects were divided into two groups, namely the intervention group (35 people) and the intervention group (35 people). control group (35 people). The research was conducted at the Royal Prima Marelan Hospital in 2022. Data were analyzed using the t-dependent test (α = 0.05).The results showed that in the intervention group there were differences in self-care management of hypertensive patients before and after being given CBT which included diet (p <0.001; 95% CI -6.663-(-4.796)), physical activity (p<0.001; 95 %CI -5.344-(-4.370)), and attitude (p=<0.001; 95%CI -13.086-(-10.115)). In the control group, there was no difference in self-care management of hypertensive patients, including diet n (p= 0.083; 95% CI -0.183-0.012), physical activity (p= 0.058; 95% CI- 0.291-0.005), and attitude T2DM patients (p = 0.094; 95% CI -0.225-0.003). This means that CBT is effective in improving self-care management of Hypertension patients.It is suggested to the Management of Royal Prima Marelan Hospital to implement routine physical activities such as hypertension gymnastics in order to prevent hypertension among young people.
Identification of risk factors associated with occupational fatigue among employees at PT. XYZ Anggraini, Tri Lidya; Girsang, Ermi; Nasution, Sri Lestari Ramadhani
Jurnal Kesmas Prima Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): January Edition
Publisher : Program Studi Sarjana Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Prima Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/jkpi.v10i1.7719

Abstract

This study aimed to identify factors associated with fatigue among employees of PT. XYZ in Medan, a futures brokerage firm where preliminary observations indicated a high prevalence of exhaustion and decreased alertness among employees. This study aimed to identify factors associated with fatigue. A descriptive analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using a total population sample of 45 employees. Data were collected on workload (measured as %CVL), work duration, work environment (assessed through a questionnaire), and occupational fatigue (measured using the IFRC questionnaire). Univariate, bivariate (Chi-square), and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. The results showed that 33.3% of participants experienced fatigue. Bivariate analysis demonstrated statistically significant associations between fatigue and workload (p=0.015), work duration (p=0.001), and work environment (p=0.006). Multivariate analysis further quantified these relationships, identifying the work environment as the most dominant risk factor (OR=3.18), followed by work duration (OR=2.4) and heavy workload (OR=2.4). In conclusion, an unsafe work environment, long work duration, and heavy workload are significant and quantifiable risk factors for occupational fatigue, with the work environment serving as the strongest predictor.
Combined physical exercise and mindfulness therapy for psychophysiological and glycemic regulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review Bangun, Henny Arwina; Girsang, Ermi; Siregar, Santy Deasy
Jurnal Kesmas Prima Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): January Edition
Publisher : Program Studi Sarjana Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Prima Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/jkpi.v10i1.7903

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with substantial psychophysiological components. Integrated therapeutic approaches combining physical exercise and mindfulness practices may address both glycemic and psychological aspects, yet comprehensive evidence remains limited. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of combined physical exercise and mindfulness interventions on glycemic regulation and psychophysiological outcomes in patients with T2DM. A systematic search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar identified experimental and quasi-experimental studies published between 2021 and 2025. Eligible studies included adult patients with T2DM who received combined physical exercise and mindfulness interventions. Outcomes assessed included glycemic control (HbA1c, fasting blood glucose) and psychophysiological parameters (stress, depression, quality of life). Narrative synthesis and comparison tables were used for qualitative analysis, and risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Five studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 386 participants). Combined interventions produced greater improvements than single-component or control conditions. Mean HbA1c reduction ranged from 0.7% to 1.1%, fasting blood glucose decreased by 12.5 to 23.07 mg/dL, and depression or stress scores declined by 20% to 45%. Additional benefits included better nerve conduction velocity, self-efficacy, medication adherence, and quality of life. Proposed mechanisms involved modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and increased neuroplasticity. In conclusion, combined physical exercise and mindfulness interventions demonstrate superior effectiveness over single-modality or standard care approaches in improving glycemic control and psychophysiological well-being in T2DM. This integrated strategy represents a promising adjunct for T2DM management. Further randomized controlled trials with larger cohorts and extended follow-up are needed to substantiate clinical recommendations.
ENCOUNTERING BARRIERS: INSIGHTS ON HEALTH PROMOTION IMPLEMENTATION IN COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTERS Nasution, Sri Lestari Ramadhani; Girsang, Ermi; Manalu, Putranto; Anggita, Nindi Dwi; Febrianty, Novita Dwi; Sianipar, Milka Rositi
Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10, Nomor 1, February 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jiituj.v10i1.32537

Abstract

Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) are crucial in promoting health and empowering communities to maintain their health independently. Despite their importance, health promotion programs have faced significant challenges, leading to suboptimal implementation. This study aims to analyze the implementation of health promotion programs at Puskesmas and identify the barriers faced by implementers. Qualitative research with a case study design was conducted at four Community Health Centers in Serdang Bedagai Regency from December 2021 to March 2022. In-depth interviews involved the heads of the Community Health Centers, the responsible individuals for health promotion programs at the centers, and community health cadres. A total of 12 participants underwent in-depth interviews to deeply explore information regarding policy aspects, funding, facilities, and human resources. Additionally, data were collected through observation and documentation. Data analysis followed the protocol developed by Miles and Huberman. The study results indicate that implementing health promotion at Community Health Centers has not been optimal due to barriers such as program funding availability, inadequate supporting facilities, and a shortage of competent human resources. This research contributes to the existing literature by providing a detailed examination of the specific challenges faced by Puskesmas in implementing health promotion programs. It emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to strengthen these centers' operational capabilities. To ensure optimal outcomes, stakeholders must focus on adequate budget allocation, the provision of supporting facilities, and training for program implementers.
The influence of supervision by the head of medical services and nurse performance on patient safety at Aek Kanopan Regional General Hospital Siregar, Fitria Desiana; Girsang, Ermi; Nasution, Sri Lestari Ramadhani
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8087

Abstract

Background: Patient safety is a primary priority in healthcare services; however, adverse events persist and are often associated with nurse performance and weak supervision. This study aimed to analyze the influence of supervision by the Head of Medical Services and the performance of inpatient ward nurses on patient safety at Aek Kanopan Regional General Hospital, North Labuhanbatu Regency. Methods: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design. The study population comprised all 120 implementing nurses in the inpatient wards, who were also recruited as the total sample. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire measuring nurse perceptions of supervision, performance, and patient safety implementation. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analyses using the Chi-Square test. Results: The majority of respondents rated supervision as good (84.2%), nurse performance as good (84.2%), and patient safety as good (84.2%). Bivariate analysis demonstrated a significant association between supervision and patient safety (p=0.000) and between nurse performance and patient safety (p=0.000). Conclusion: This study concludes that effective supervision by department heads and optimal nurse performance contribute significantly to improved patient safety. Hospital management is advised to strengthen supervisory capacity and invest in continuing professional development programs for nurses.
Pengaruh kualitas pelayanan kesehatan terhadap kepuasan pasien hipertensi: studi cross-sectional Syahputra, Nedi; Girsang, Ermi; Nasution, Sri Lestari Ramadhani
Haga Journal of Public Health (HJPH) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): Maret 2026
Publisher : YAYASAN VICTORY HAGA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Latar belakang: Individu yang terkena hipertensi membutuhkan pelayanan kesehatan yang berkesinambungan, terintegrasi, dan berkualitas untuk mengendalikan tekanan darah serta mengurangi risiko komplikasi yang serius. Oleh karena itu, kualitas pelayanan kesehatan menjadi faktor penentu utama dalam keberhasilan pengelolaan penyakit dan tingkat kepuasan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan kesehatan terhadap kepuasan pasien hipertensi. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pasien hipertensi yang menerima layanan rawat jalan di Puskesmas Labuhan Bilik pada bulan Mei 2023, dengan jumlah 200 orang. Sampel ditentukan menggunakan metode total sampling, sehingga diperoleh 200 responden. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji chi-square menggunakan aplikasi SPSS versi 26. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kehandalan (p= <0,001), daya tanggap (p = <0,001), kepedulian (p = <0,001), jaminan (p = <0,001) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pasien hipertensi, sedangkan variabel bukti fisik tidak berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap kepuasan pasein (p = 0,155). Kesimpulan: Kehandalan yang kurang baik, daya tanggap yang kurang baik, kepedulian dan jaminan yang kurang baik berhubungan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pasien.
The relationship between coffee consumption habits and body mass index among medical students Sitompul, Christian Michael Oloan; Girsang, Ermi; Pratama, Irza Haicha
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v5i1.8114

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a growing global health concern with increasing prevalence among young adults. Coffee consumption, particularly among medical students experiencing high academic stress, may influence body mass index (BMI) through various metabolic mechanisms. However, the relationship between different types of coffee and BMI remains inconclusive. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between coffee consumption habits (frequency and type of coffee) and BMI among medical students at Universitas Prima. Methods: A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in 2025. The sample comprised 87 medical students selected through simple random sampling from a population of 675 students. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing coffee consumption patterns (type and frequency) and self-reported weight and height for BMI calculation. BMI was classified according to WHO criteria: underweight (<18.5 kg/m²), normal (18.5-24.9 kg/m²), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m²), and obese (≥30 kg/m²). Coffee consumption was categorized by type (Americano vs. milk coffee) and frequency (1-2 times/week vs. >3 times/week). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with non-parametric tests. Results: Milk coffee was more popular than Americano among both male (72.1%) and female (89.6%) students. Among obese students, 100% consumed milk coffee, while underweight students showed the highest preference for Americano (37.5%). Students with normal BMI predominantly consumed coffee 1-2 times weekly (69.8%), while obese students showed higher consumption frequency (>3 times/week: 20%). Normality tests showed non-normal distribution of BMI data (p<0.001 for both coffee type and frequency). Bivariate analysis revealed no significant association between coffee type and BMI (p=0.220) or between consumption frequency and BMI (p=0.578). Conclusion: Coffee consumption habits, including type and frequency, were not significantly associated with BMI among medical students at Universitas Prima. BMI appears to be influenced by multiple interacting factors beyond coffee consumption alone. Further research with larger samples and consideration of confounding variables such as physical activity, dietary patterns, and sleep quality is warranted.
Determinants of Antenatal Care Visit Compliance among Pregnant Women in Kualuh Hulu District, North Labuhanbatu Regency Manik, Nova Larysca; Girsang, Ermi; Nasution, Sri Lestari Ramadhani
PROFESSIONAL HEALTH JOURNAL Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (PPPM) STIKES Banyuwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54832/phj.v8i1.1473

Abstract

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is a core strategy for reducing maternal and neonatal mortality through early detection and management of pregnancy complications. However, ANC coverage in Kualuh Hulu District, North Labuhanbatu Regency, remains suboptimal, with fluctuating maternal and infant death rates signaling persistent service gaps. Identifying the local determinants of ANC compliance is essential for designing targeted interventions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 153 second- and third-trimester pregnant women recruited through total sampling from four public health centers in Kualuh Hulu District. Data were collected using a structured, validated questionnaire. Analysis included univariate description, bivariate analysis using Chi-square tests, and multivariate binary logistic regression to identify independent determinants. Results: High ANC compliance was observed in 65.4% of participants. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations with six factors: knowledge (p<0.001; OR=4.97), attitude (p<0.001; OR=7.52), decision-making autonomy (p<0.001; OR=6.01), perceived service quality (p=0.002; OR=3.89), availability of staff and facilities (p=0.014; OR=2.90), and transportation and examination costs (p=0.006; OR=2.36). After multivariate adjustment, only knowledge (AOR=5.25; 95% CI: 2.17–12.68), attitude (AOR=4.38; 95% CI: 1.72–11.12), and decision-making autonomy (AOR=4.57; 95% CI: 1.87–11.16) remained significant independent predictors. Conclusions: Knowledge, attitude, and decision-making autonomy are the dominant determinants of ANC compliance in this rural setting. Interventions should prioritize continuous health education, awareness-building counseling, and empowerment of women in health-related decisions, while service quality improvements and cost support serve as essential enabling factors.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN METODE ACTIVITY BASED COSTING (ABC) UNTUK PENGENDALIAN BIAYA OPERASIONAL RAWAT INAP TAHUN 2025 Harianto, Ongky; Girsang, Ermi; Nasution, Sri Lestari Ramadhani
Equilibrium : Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Akuntansi Vol 15, No 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah (LPPI) Universitas Muhammadiyah Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35906/equili.v15i1.2843

Abstract

ABSTRAKRumah sakit memerlukan informasi biaya yang akurat untuk menetapkan tarif layanan, menyusun anggaran, dan mengendalikan biaya operasional. Di RS Pratama Krayan, penetapan tarif rawat inap masih berpotensi menimbulkan distorsi biaya karena belum sepenuhnya menggunakan pendekatan berbasis aktivitas. Penelitian ini menganalisis penerapan Activity Based Costing (ABC) dalam pengendalian biaya operasional rawat inap di RS Pratama Krayan, Kalimantan Utara, tahun 2025. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui dokumentasi dan wawancara, lalu dianalisis melalui tahapan ABC, yaitu identifikasi aktivitas, pengelompokan biaya ke dalam cost pool, penetapan cost driver, perhitungan tarif aktivitas, dan pembebanan biaya pada masing-masing kelas rawat inap untuk memperoleh unit cost. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan ABC menghasilkan unit cost per hari sebesar Rp 179.494 untuk VIP, Rp 107.782 untuk Kelas I, Rp 88.608 untuk Kelas II, dan Rp 86.881 untuk Kelas III, yang lebih rendah dibandingkan tarif yang berlaku. Selain itu, ditemukan sembilan aktivitas biaya utama dengan total biaya operasional rawat inap sebesar Rp 2.744.000.000, dengan cost driver berupa hari rawat inap, luas ruangan, dan konsumsi listrik. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa ABC mampu menghasilkan informasi biaya yang lebih rinci, proporsional, dan transparan. Dengan demikian, ABC dapat menjadi dasar yang lebih akurat dalam evaluasi tarif serta pengendalian biaya operasional rumah sakit.ABSTRACTHospitals need accurate cost information to determine service tariffs, prepare budgets, and control operational costs. At RS Pratama Krayan, inpatient tariff setting may still cause cost distortion because it has not fully applied an activity-based approach. This study analyzed the implementation of Activity Based Costing (ABC) in controlling inpatient operational costs at RS Pratama Krayan, North Kalimantan, in 2025. A quantitative descriptive case study was conducted. Data were collected through documentation and interviews, then analyzed using ABC procedures: activity identification, cost pooling, cost driver determination, activity rate calculation, and cost allocation to each inpatient class to obtain unit cost. The results show that ABC produces unit costs per day of Rp 179,494 for VIP, Rp 107,782 for Class I, Rp 88,608 for Class II, and Rp 86,881 for Class III, all of which are lower than the existing tariffs. In addition, nine major cost activities were identified with total inpatient operational costs of Rp 2,744,000,000, using cost drivers such as inpatient days, room area, and electricity consumption. These findings indicate that ABC provides more detailed, proportional, and transparent cost information. Therefore, ABC can serve as a more accurate basis for tariff evaluation and operational cost control in hospitals.
Evaluation Of Hazardous And Toxic Waste Management Based On Input, Process, And Output Aspects At Royal Prima General Hospital Medan Nainggolan, Nuryani; Girsang, Ermi; Wienaldi
International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : The Islamic Education and Multiculturalism Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijierm.v8i2.717

Abstract

Abstrak Limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun (B3) yang dihasilkan oleh fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan hanya berkisar 10–20% dari total limbah, namun memiliki potensi risiko tinggi terhadap kesehatan manusia dan lingkungan apabila tidak dikelola sesuai standar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengelolaan limbah B3 di Rumah Sakit Umum Royal Prima Medan tahun 2024 berdasarkan aspek input, proses, dan output. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan melibatkan enam informan yang dipilih secara purposive. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi langsung, dan studi dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis konten kualitatif dengan dukungan triangulasi sumber, metode, dan waktu untuk menjamin keabsahan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek input secara umum telah memadai, meliputi ketersediaan sumber daya manusia yang kompeten, sarana prasarana yang cukup, serta dukungan anggaran. Pada aspek proses, pengelolaan limbah telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan standar operasional prosedur dengan tingkat kesesuaian mencapai 97,6%. Meskipun demikian, masih ditemukan beberapa permasalahan, antara lain ketidakkonsistenan dalam pemilahan limbah, keterbatasan kapasitas penyimpanan sementara pada unit dengan volume limbah tinggi, pelabelan kendaraan pengangkut yang belum lengkap, serta ketersediaan alat pelindung diri (APD) di area penyimpanan yang belum optimal. Temuan ini menunjukkan perlunya peningkatan pengawasan, optimalisasi sarana prasarana, serta penguatan kepatuhan terhadap standar operasional guna meningkatkan efektivitas dan keberlanjutan pengelolaan limbah B3 di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan. Kata Kunci: Pengelolaan Limbah Berbahaya; Pengelolaan Limbah Rumah Sakit; Kesehatan Lingkungan; Kepatuhan terhadap peraturan; Kerangka kerja masukan–proses–keluaran. Abstract Hazardous and toxic waste generated by healthcare facilities constitutes only about 10–20% of total waste but poses significant risks to human health and the environment if not properly managed. This study aimed to evaluate the management of hazardous and toxic waste at Royal Prima General Hospital, Medan, in 2024 based on input, process, and output aspects. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving six informants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document review, and were analyzed using qualitative content analysis supported by source, method, and time triangulation to ensure data validity. The findings indicate that the input aspect is generally adequate, including the availability of competent human resources, sufficient infrastructure, and financial support. The process aspect shows a high level of compliance with standard operating procedures, with an overall conformity rate of 97.6%. However, several critical issues were identified, including inconsistent waste segregation practices, limited temporary storage capacity in high-volume units, incomplete labeling of waste transport vehicles, and suboptimal availability of personal protective equipment in storage areas. These findings highlight the need for strengthened supervision, improved facility capacity, and stricter adherence to operational standards to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of hazardous waste management in healthcare settings. Keywords: Hazardous Waste Management, Hospital Waste Management, Environmental Health, Regulatory Compliance, Input–Process–Output Framework
Co-Authors ., Saprilliani A.F. Depari, Sania AA Sudharmawan, AA Abdi Eliezer Dakhi, Juang Achmad Noerkhaerin Putra Adelia Adelia, Adelia Aditya Jamin, Muhammad Adrian Adrian Adrisya Lubis, Putri Anggie Afni Kartika, Ajeng Agatha, Callista Della Agung Abadi Kiswandono Ahmad Nasir Pulungan Akbarinda, Zsizsi Alice Putri, Ivana Amanda, Silvia Rizki Anggita, Nindi Dwi Anggraini, Tri Lidya Anggraini, Wenti Anjasari, Melati Salsabila Arianti, Rahmi Aris, Anita Armansyah, Adek Aulia, Dinda Rahmah Aulia, Kharina Rizki Azzahra, Siti Khumairah Bangbang Buhari Bangun, Henny Arwina Binarwan Halim Boas, Richie Ray Barry Br Pelawi, Riri Sri Hagana Br Pintubatu, Christina Delina BT Hasan, Riyani Susan Bu'ulolo, Christian Siuwandy Butar-Butar, Erika Fatrecia Marsaulina Cahya, Septian Dwi Candra Rukmana Dalimunthe Carles, Carles Cenggono, Melise Chiuman, Linda Cisca, Anita Merry Damanik, Marco Frans Hernandes Daulay, Ayu Sasmita Dedek Sucahyo Devi Arista Djohan Djohan Duha, Kristin Berlianta Dwi Siswanta Edlin, Edlin Edy Fachrial Elis Anggeria Elisabeth, Mariska Elizabeth, Riana Elvira, Cut Eprina Intami Erda, Roza Fahliza Ismar, Elza Farrasizdihar, Diaz Fatmasari Bangun, Nita Febrianty, Novita Dwi Ferdianti, Desy Lailani Ferdinand Ginting, Sahna Fieterson, Kriahan Joel Fioni, Fioni Fitrianto, Rahmad Geeta, Ginting, Chrismis Novalinda Ginting, Crismis Novalinda Ginting, Gabby Gabriela Ginting, Liani Ginting, Rafael Ginting, Randy Frananta Ginting, Sopianita Healthy Grace Rezeki, Naomi Grandis G. D., Lexandria Gultom, Yosephine Octaviana Gunawan, Herry Gusnawati, Gusnawati Hadiprasetyo, Dhanar Septyawan Hafizah, Nandani Zakia Haicha Pratama, Irza Halima, Piyanto Hamdi, Sintiya HAMSI, QURATUL AINI Handayani, Rr. Anisa Siwianti Harahap, S. Shelly Hazlina Harahap, Vinnie Hazriah Harianto, Ongky Harjanti, Mathelda Weni Hartantio, Agnes Haryanti, Mathelda Weni Hasan Basri Nasution, Muhammad Hasibuan, Khairinnisa Hati Harefa, Lurusan Hermansyah Aziz Hilal, Zaimah HILMAN TADJOEDIN, HILMAN Hutagalung, Caroline Febrina I.N. Silangit, Silka Idariani, Idariani Irwan, Mulia irza Haicha Pratama Isabela Silalahi, Marlinang Isabella Silalahi, Marlinang Johannes Bastira Ginting Juanda, Lidya Sari Juniva Laila Sihombing, Juniva Laila Kaban, Kamelia Kaban, Lyta Imanti Kalimah, Kalimah Karmila, Erni Kesuma, Farah Shyfa Khairullah Sembiring, Firza Khoironissa, Analita Kosasih, Putri Peggy Yanti Kurniawan Purba, Abdi Kusumaningrum, Tri Siwi Lawrence, Christopher Leli Khairani Leoditta Sitinjak, vivian Lestari Nasution, Sri Lestari Ramadhani Nasution, Sri Lestari Ramadhani, Sri Lie, Sukirman Lie, Veronica Liena, Liena Liester, I Nyoman Ehrich Lilies Lingkaran Linawaty, Linawaty Lister, I Nyoman Ehrich Lister, I Nyoman Ehrich Lister, Nyoman Ehrich Lubis, Maas Lubis, Nurul Sri Finna Maler, Tangge Manik, Nova Larysca Marcelino, Nico Mare A, Fauzan Margareta Pratiwi Maricella, Adrianie Marisca Evalina Gondokesumo, Marisca Evalina Marzuki, Marlinda Maulidin, Muhammad Mawarni, Evi Maywinsih Jauhari, Mutia Mega Fatimah Rosana Mendrofa, Trisman Basri Mendrofa, Tuho Konsultasi Michael Michael Milka Rositi Sianipar Minati, Tengku Nanda Edwina Muhammad Maulidin Mukti, Ade Indra Munazar Rahmat, Said Mutia, Maya Sari Naibaho, Iren Theresia Melati Br Nainggolan, Nuryani Napiah Nasution , Ali Napiah Nasution, Ali Napiah, Ali Nardi, Leo Nasuition, Ali Napiah Nasution, Ali N. Nasution, Ali Napiah Nasution, Muhammad Andriady Saidi Nasution, Sri Lestari Nasution, Sri Ramadhani Nasyushan, Sri Lestari Ramadhani Natali, Oliviti Natalia Desvalentina Lase NELDA, FITRI Nindya, Faradhina Salfa Njoto, Lina Novalinda, Chrismis Noviana, Amelia Nst, Sri Wahyuni Nurul Hidayat Aprilita Nurunnisa, Syarifah Nyoman Ehrich Lister, I Oktaviani, Emma Parapat, Winny G I Patriana, Dhona Poernomo, Dwi Hery Puspita, Sunny Putranto Manalu Putri Anggraini, Herisa Putri, Dara Maulidya Putri, Muna Soraya Putri, Nadya Nazimuddin Putri, Riri Virzan Putri, Seisarita Qurrota’aini, Zakiyyah Rachmi Yuana, Syafrina Rahmadana, Rizka RAHMAT, DENI Rahmiana Zein Raif, M. Rahmad Ramadhani, Sri Lestari Ramazata, Bayu Rapael Ginting Raveli , Kalvin Rehulina Br Purba, Farida Resmalita, Nelli Adelia Resmi Pangaribuan Rizki Maulidi, Risyad Rosar, Naufal Rushe, Rhesiwenny Saharman Gea Salovetian, Marcelino Samosir, Frans Judea Santy Deasy Siregar Santy, Darnedy Fatwa Mely Sari Mutia, Maya Sari, Diah Sekar Sarumaha, Abrianus Saufa, Zahra Qisthi Sembiring , Intan Permata Sari br. Sembiring , Jessyca Sembiring, Melyala Cristy Silaen, Mangatas Simanjorang, Delpini Siregar, Fitria Desiana Siregar, Lidya Siregar, Lusyana Siregar, Novalina Sitanggang, Rido Aliberto Sitepu, Enda Menaisa Sitompul, Christian Michael Oloan Sitompul, Fernades Soraya, Annisa Sri Juari Santosa Sri Lestari Ramadhani Nasution Sri Rezeki, Dewi Sri Wahyuni Nasution Stephan, Weldy Subang Aini Nasution Subrata, Mariany Puspita Suhartina Suhartina Suhartina, Suhartina Sumiati Sumiati Suryana, Kresna Dharma Suryono, Tan Suyono, Tan Suyono, Tan Syahputra, Nedi Takasenserang, Oktaviana Takashi Hayashita Tambunan, Gempita Cahaya Aulia Tambunan, Ridhona Tarigan, Almina Rospitaria Tarigan, Gracia Hosanna Evelyn Telaumbanua, O'ozisokhi Telaumbanua, Renjiro Howuhowu Teresa Liliana Wargasetia Triharsiwi, Dwi Nur Tua, Vridian Mangara Turnip, Modesto Lam Ulido Putra VERONICA VERONICA Vonikartika, Arie - WAHYU WIDOWATI Wahyuni Br Nababan, Agata Wahyuni Nasution, Sri Wau, Herberd Wibowo, Satrio Haryo Benowo Widodo, Wahyu Setia Widya Yanti Sihotang Wienaldi Wienaldi, Wienaldi Wijaya, Cindy Eka Wijaya, Franks Wijaya, Joshua Andre Wijayanti, Natasha Rismayana Y. Sihotang, Widya Yessica Putri H Yolanda Eliza Putri Lubis Yulidar Yulidar Yusuf, Lydia Zahiroh, Fadhilah Haifa Zebua, Sawato Zelvia, Sindy Zulkarnain Chaidir