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Journal : Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal

 1 
Public Health Threat: Detection of Undeclared Dexamethasone and Paracetamol in Jamu Marketed in Kudus, Indonesia Luthfiana Nurulin Nafi’ah; Kadar Ismah; Yanulia Handayani; Gendis Purno Yudanti; Sukarno; Annis Rahmawaty; Alvina Beti Maulia
Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/nasetjournal.v5i1.61

Abstract

Jamu, Indonesia's traditional herbal medicine, holds significant cultural and medicinal value. However, the adulteration of jamu with undeclared synthetic drugs like dexamethasone and paracetamol poses a severe public health risk. This study aimed to qualitatively identify these drugs in jamu products circulating in Kudus City, Indonesia. Ten jamu samples, representing various brands and forms (powder, capsules), were purchased from local depots in Kudus. Samples were selected based on their indication for pain relief or anti-inflammatory properties, lack of BPOM (Indonesia's Food and Drug Authority) registration, or discrepancies between the registration number on the packaging and the BPOM database. Organoleptic analysis (odor, taste, color, form) was performed, followed by microscopic analysis to identify natural ingredients using their characteristic fragments. Finally, infrared spectroscopy was employed to detect the presence of dexamethasone and paracetamol. Nine out of ten samples displayed BPOM registration numbers that were not verifiable in the official BPOM database, while one sample lacked any registration number. Organoleptic analysis revealed that six samples exhibited distinct herbal odors, often associated with bitter-tasting jamu. Microscopic analysis confirmed the presence of 1-4 natural ingredients in each sample. Notably, infrared spectroscopy identified paracetamol in one sample. In conclusion, the study revealed a concerning trend of unregistered jamu products and adulteration with undeclared paracetamol in Kudus City. This highlights the need for stricter regulatory measures, enhanced surveillance, and public awareness campaigns to ensure the safety and efficacy of jamu.
Co-Authors Abdul Kodir Al-Baekani Adam Sugiharto, Adam Agustin, Ririn Ahmad Rifai Aina Khoirida Ainuddin Alfian Alim, Aprilia Helmiyati Alsamiri , Yasir Alvina Beti Maulia Andriyanto Anita Triastuti Annis Rahmawaty Anwar Ardityasmiyati, Siska Arif, Dara Nabila Ary Wahyudi Asmoro, Nurcahya Dwi Asri Wijayanti Atuzahra, Arvanilla Fitri Azizi, M. Riza A’yuni, Qurrata Budi Susilo C Hanny Wijaya Cindi Syaharani Deliza, Annisa Dewi Kusumaningsih Dhina Megayati Dwiyani Pratiwi Eka Citra, Desy Eka Susylowati Elih Sutisna Yanto Ella Wulandari Elvi Damayanti Endang Dyah Ikasari Erlizah Erwin Setyo Kriswanto Evi Karlina Farrah Bintang Sabiti Fitriana Fortuna, Avika Dara Fransiska Faberta Kencana Sari Gendis Purno Yudanti Gilang Huzzatul Akmam Gipta Galih Widodo Gusti Ayu Ratih Damayanti Hamdan Yuafi Abdillah Hasan Mahfud Herlangga, Ogie Yudha Hidayani, Masrifa Hidayat, Rezaldi Hikmah Hilmansyah Saefullah Ikhsan Kamil, Muhammad Ilham Kuncahyo, Ilham Indah Purnama Dewi Irma Istihara Zain Isma Azis Riu JAMILAH Jenny I. S Poerwanti Jenny Indrastoeti Siti Poerwanti, Jenny Indrastoeti Siti Juni Astuti, Dina Putri Kadar Ismah Khairul Aswadi Kusumaningrum, Aprilia Dwi Wahyu Laili, Faiqotul Lalu Muhamad Isnaeni Laylatul Sifa, Nurul Hidayah Luthfiana Nurulin Nafi’ah Luthfiyah, Endah M. Zamroni M.Ikhsan Kamil Maimum Makhrup , Abdul Gani Malika Dhita Shalaika Maman Suryaman Mansyur Srisudarso Marningsih, Tri Mas’ud Maya Rahmawati Meilisa Nurhana Melly Latifah Minta Harsana Mobit, Mobit Muhlis Fajar Wicaksana Nadhifah, Fitriatin Naimah, Myatun Nanang Qosim Al Masquri Ni Nyoman Aprianti Novia Anggraini Nur Khasanah, Dwi Faradylla Nur, Indrayansyah Nurmawati, Fulusia Nurul anisa Nurul Widyawati Islami Rahayu Okta Handika Palupi, Diah Pardyatmoko Poerwanti, Jenny I S Poerwanti, Jenny I.S. PUJI LESTARI Purwanti, Jenny I. S. Rafitri, Desvia Cinta Rauzi, Fathur Reviani, Nia Rian Hidayat Riyadini, Maria Vineki Roemintoyo Rosmawati Saputri, Yasinta Eka Sari , Nala Sasmita Sari, Nurratri Kurnia Sepri Yunarman, Sepri Septa Hardini Setiarso, Budi Siti Istiyati Sitorus, Heri Franata Sri Marmoah Sri Wahono Saptomo Sridadi Supianto Susanto, Arpan Suyud Tiana, Melly Titri S. Mastuti Totoh Tauhidin Abas Tri Murwaningsih Umi Setyoningrum Vivi Irzalinda Wawan Anshori Yusuf Setyawan Wawan Setiawan Wicaksana, Muhlis Widatin, Tri Windi Kartika Wati Wulan Guritno Yanulia Handayani Yousef Bani Ahmad Yulisetiani, Septi Yunita Galih Yudanari