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Pendekatan Diagnostik Berbasis Manifestasi, Pemeriksaan Klinis dan Tatalaksana Pada Tuberkulosis Paru Juliana, Risna; Soleha, Tri Umiana; Yunianto, Andi Eka; Ismunandar, Helmi Ismunandar
Medula Vol 14 No 9 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i9.1347

TB is a disease caused by MTB bacteria where this bacteria is able to attack the lung organs or extrapulmonary organs. The etiology of TB is caused through spit or phlegm from patients whose phlegm contains MTB bacteria. MTB bacteria have a rod shape and are acid-resistant, so they are known as acid-resistant bacteria (AFB). These bacteria do not have spores, so they will easily die if exposed to sunlight. However, this type of bacteria will be difficult to dye because it is acid-resistant, so a special staining method is needed, namely Ziehl Neelsen staining. When a person coughs, water splashes will spread into the air and will then be inhaled by a healthy person, so the bacteria will enter the lungs and carry out the infection process. Usually, TB disease attacks at a productive age because at that age many people interact socially, making it easier for infectious infections to occur. . In general, the main symptoms are coughing up phlegm, which in some cases can mix with blood, chest pain, and shortness of breath . Confirmation of TB diagnosis can be done by conducting an anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting examination. TB treatment takes 6-12 months for patients who do not experience drug resistance. TB treatment consists of two stages, namely the initial stage and the advanced stage. The initial stage will last for two months, with the type of drug given is a combination of 2 HRZEs (Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pirazinamid, and Etambutol). The advanced stage of treatment lasted for 4 months, with the drug given in the form of a combination of 4HR (isoniazid and rifampicin).

Krisis Hiperglikemik: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) dan Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State (HHS) Wibowo, Muhammad Rafi; Rudiyanto, Waluyo; Yunianto, Andi Eka; Soleha, Tri Umiana
Medula Vol 14 No 11 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i11.1435

Hyperglycemic crisis is an acute metabolic complication of diabetes mellitus that can be life threatening if not treated appropriately. This research aims to examine in more depth the hyperglycemia crisis. This research is a literature study using relevant literature such as articles and journals from various national and international databases such as Google Scholar, NCBI, and PubMed. Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State (HHS) are serious and emergency forms of hyperglycemic crisis. DKA is often found in people with type 1 diabetes due to severe insulin deficiency, which is characterized by the triad of hyperglycemia, acidosis, and ketosis. In contrast, HHS occurs more frequently in type 2 diabetes, with features of hyperglycemia, hyperosmolarity, and dehydration, but without significant ketosis and acidosis. Both of these conditions have a high risk of death if left untreated, with the death rate for DKA around <1% and HHS around 15%. The goal of treatment for both is to improve circulation and tissue perfusion, correct hyperglycemia, ketogenesis, and electrolyte imbalances, and identify precipitating factors. Treatment begins with correcting dehydration and electrolyte imbalances through rehydration with crystalloid fluids, as well as treating hyperglycemia by administering insulin boluses or infusions. Prevention of DKA and HHS is to ensure that patients do not stop insulin or oral hyperglycemic drugs, monitor blood sugar levels regularly and immediately seek professional medical help if something undesirable happens.

Merokok dan Vaping Sebagai Faktor Resiko Terjadinya Gangguan pada Hati Mubarak, Raka Anzil; Windarti, Indri; Yunianto, Andi Eka
Medula Vol 14 No 11 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i11.1463

Conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes (vaping) has a significant impact to health issues worldwide. There are more than 1.1 billion active smokers in the world and 8 million people die each year due to tobacco consumption. E-cigarette use is also increasing. The liver is responsible for metabolism and detoxification, so it is highly vulnerable to the toxic effects of chemical compounds from conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes. This article is a literature study using secondary data from articles in national and international journals sourced from Google Scholar, NCBI, and PubMed. The purpose of this article is to review the relation between smoking, vaping, and the risk of liver disease, with a focus on the components of cigarettes and the mechanisms of liver damage. There are 4000 chemicals contained in cigarettes, including nicotine which are addictives and stimulants. The effects of smoking on the liver are caused by toxic, immunologic, and oncogenic mechanisms. The use of e-cigarettes or vaping is gaining popularity as a safe alternative to conventional cigarettes. However, each e-liquid solution can contain up to 60 chemicals that are harmful to the body. The effects of e-cigarettes on the liver are explained by complex mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired lipid metabolism in the liver. Smoking affects the progression of liver diseases such as Hepatitis, Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases (NAFLD), Primary Billier Cholangitis (PBC), and Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Vaping has an association with the incidence of NAFLD and HCC, but there is not yet strong enough evidence to associate it with the progression of Hepatitis and PBC.

HUBUNGAN JENIS KELAMIN DENGAN KEBIASAAN MEROKOK, CUCI TANGAN DAN PERILAKU GIZI DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 yuliantini, emy; haya, miratul; yunianto, andi eka; sherly, sherly; antini, tri
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Mei (2021)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v9i1.6226

Background: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by corona virus. Smokers are the most vulnerable group form Covid-1. Dirty hands can spread disease by providing entry to pathogens, bacteria, or viruses. Handwashing could be effective and efficient prevention to prevent covid-19 infection.Objective: To determine the relationship between gender and smoking habits, handwashing and nutritional behavior among respondents.Methods: A descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Respondents were 966 people who lived in Bengkulu Province. Data collection was carried out by online questionnaire which were distributed through WhatsApp media. Data analysis used the chi-square test.Results: There were significant relationship between gender and smoking habits (p = 0.003), gender and handwashing (p = 0.000), gender and nutritional behavior related with fresh food consumptions (p = 0.026). There were no relationship between gender and nutritional behavior related to preserved/instant foods consumption (p = 0.463), nutritional behavior and fruit-vegetable consumption habits (p = 0.090).Conclusion: There is a relationship between gender and smoking and handwashing habits.

HUBUNGAN RIWAYAT PENYAKIT DENGAN STATUS GIZI : STUDI CROSS SECTIONAL Nur, Zuhra Tun; Suryana, Suryana; Yunianto, Andi Eka
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Mei (2021)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v9i1.6755

Background: Children who often suffered from diseases will affect their nutritional status.Purpose: To determine the risk factors of disease history with nutritional status among stunted children under-five in Pidie Jaya Regency.Methods: A descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Total sample were 34 children. Weaning initiation patterns and disease history were obtained through interviews with questionnaire. The nutritional status among children under five were measured by anthropometric. Data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results: Children's disease history in the last three months were correlated with the nutritional status on the HAZ index (P-value = <0.015 (<0.05) with OR = 6.0. There was no correlation betweeen disease history with the nutritional status by WAZ and WHZ index (P-value> 0.05).Conclusion: The history of the disease in the last 3 months has a significant relationship with HAZ of children under five.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUDING PISANG MELON DAN AIR KELAPA MUDA TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PENDERITA HIPERTENSI Eliza, Eliza; Lestari, Ayu; Sumarman, Sumarman; Yunianto, Andi Eka
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Mei (2021)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v9i1.6769

Background : Hypertension is a condition when systolic blood pressure â‰¥ 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure Â â‰¥ 90 mmHg blood. One of herbal therapies to help lowering blood pressure is by utilizing foods which contain high potassium, such as bananas, melons, and young coconut water.Objective : To analyze the effect of banana melon and young coconut water pudding on lowering blood pressure levels of hypertensive patients at the Palembang Public Health Center.Method : A quasi-experimental study with pre and pos test control group design. The subjects were 60 hypertensive patients at Palembah PHC who were eagerly fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis were used t-dependent and t-independent tests to analyze the effect of melon banana pudding and young coconut water with blood pressure.Results : The results showed there was an average decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the treatment group of 13.07 mmHg (p= 0.000) and 6.93 mmHg (p= 0,000). Consumption of banana melon pudding and young coconut water showed a significant effect on reducing 6.1 mmHg systolic blood pressure (p=0.003) and 4.56 mmHg diastolic blood pressure (p=0,000). T-independent test showed that systolic blood pressure in the treatment and control groups obtained p-0.005 and diastolic blood pressure obtained p-value 0.048.Conclusion : Consumption of banana melon pudding and young coconut water could lower blood pressure levels f hypertensive patients

HUBUNGAN JENIS KELAMIN DENGAN KEBIASAAN MEROKOK, CUCI TANGAN DAN PERILAKU GIZI DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 yuliantini, emy; haya, miratul; yunianto, andi eka; sherly, sherly; antini, tri
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Mei (2021)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v9i1.6226

Background: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease caused by corona virus. Smokers are the most vulnerable group form Covid-1. Dirty hands can spread disease by providing entry to pathogens, bacteria, or viruses. Handwashing could be effective and efficient prevention to prevent covid-19 infection.Objective: To determine the relationship between gender and smoking habits, handwashing and nutritional behavior among respondents.Methods: A descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Respondents were 966 people who lived in Bengkulu Province. Data collection was carried out by online questionnaire which were distributed through WhatsApp media. Data analysis used the chi-square test.Results: There were significant relationship between gender and smoking habits (p = 0.003), gender and handwashing (p = 0.000), gender and nutritional behavior related with fresh food consumptions (p = 0.026). There were no relationship between gender and nutritional behavior related to preserved/instant foods consumption (p = 0.463), nutritional behavior and fruit-vegetable consumption habits (p = 0.090).Conclusion: There is a relationship between gender and smoking and handwashing habits.

HUBUNGAN RIWAYAT PENYAKIT DENGAN STATUS GIZI : STUDI CROSS SECTIONAL Nur, Zuhra Tun; Suryana, Suryana; Yunianto, Andi Eka
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Mei (2021)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v9i1.6755

Background: Children who often suffered from diseases will affect their nutritional status.Purpose: To determine the risk factors of disease history with nutritional status among stunted children under-five in Pidie Jaya Regency.Methods: A descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Total sample were 34 children. Weaning initiation patterns and disease history were obtained through interviews with questionnaire. The nutritional status among children under five were measured by anthropometric. Data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results: Children's disease history in the last three months were correlated with the nutritional status on the HAZ index (P-value = <0.015 (<0.05) with OR = 6.0. There was no correlation betweeen disease history with the nutritional status by WAZ and WHZ index (P-value> 0.05).Conclusion: The history of the disease in the last 3 months has a significant relationship with HAZ of children under five.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUDING PISANG MELON DAN AIR KELAPA MUDA TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PENDERITA HIPERTENSI Eliza, Eliza; Lestari, Ayu; Sumarman, Sumarman; Yunianto, Andi Eka
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Mei (2021)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v9i1.6769

Background : Hypertension is a condition when systolic blood pressure â‰¥ 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure Â â‰¥ 90 mmHg blood. One of herbal therapies to help lowering blood pressure is by utilizing foods which contain high potassium, such as bananas, melons, and young coconut water.Objective : To analyze the effect of banana melon and young coconut water pudding on lowering blood pressure levels of hypertensive patients at the Palembang Public Health Center.Method : A quasi-experimental study with pre and pos test control group design. The subjects were 60 hypertensive patients at Palembah PHC who were eagerly fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis were used t-dependent and t-independent tests to analyze the effect of melon banana pudding and young coconut water with blood pressure.Results : The results showed there was an average decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the treatment group of 13.07 mmHg (p= 0.000) and 6.93 mmHg (p= 0,000). Consumption of banana melon pudding and young coconut water showed a significant effect on reducing 6.1 mmHg systolic blood pressure (p=0.003) and 4.56 mmHg diastolic blood pressure (p=0,000). T-independent test showed that systolic blood pressure in the treatment and control groups obtained p-0.005 and diastolic blood pressure obtained p-value 0.048.Conclusion : Consumption of banana melon pudding and young coconut water could lower blood pressure levels f hypertensive patients

Intervention of Development Stimulation and Nutrition Education of Complementary Feeding on The Growth and Development of Stunting Under-Free Children Abdurrahmat, Asep Suryana; Yunianto, Andi Eka; Betaditya, Dika; Listyawardhani, Yana; Wardani, Yusrima Syamsina
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 5 No. 3 (2023): Volume 5 Nomor 3 Desember 2023
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v5i3.569

The incidence of stunting under five is also related to the low level of knowledge in providing food intake that can meet children's needs. Appropriate intervention is expected to be able to deal with stunting incidents which can be irreversible at a later stage This study aimed to determine the effect of developmental stimulation interventions and providing MP-ASI nutrition education on stunted children under five. The design of this study was experimental with pre and post design. This study used educational media MP-ASI modules and stimulation, detection, early intervention of child growth and development (SDIDTK) by first conducting developmental screening using a developmental pre-screening questionnaire (KPSP). The intervention is carried out for 1 month. The subjects in this study were 44 stunted toddlers in Condong Village using a purposive sampling method. For data that were not normally distributed, the Wilcoxon test was used to determine the significance of the effect of the intervention, and for normally distributed data, a paired t-test was used. There were significant differences in the variables of weight, height, nutritional status, height/age, and energy intake of stunting toddlers before and after the intervention (p-value<0,05). However, there were no significant differences in the variables of protein, fat intake and child development (p-value>0,05). It is necessary to carry out further research related to the duration of providing child development stimulus to stunting toddlers, so that the results of changes in child development can occur significantly.

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