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Hamzah
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Journal : Multidisciplinary Indonesian Center Journal

 1 
AL-‘AWĀMIL AL-NAḤWIYYAH: THEORY, DEBATES, AND MODERN CRITIQUES OF THE CONCEPT OF 'AMIL ( العامل والمعمول) Marsyanti; Sri Mulya Nengsih; Hamzah
Multidisciplinary Indonesian Center Journal (MICJO) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 3 No. 1 Edisi Januari 2026
Publisher : PT. Jurnal Center Indonesia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62567/micjo.v3i1.1913

Abstract

The study of al-ʿawāmil al-naḥwiyyah (grammatical factors) serves as a primary foundation in Arabic grammar, examining the relationship between the ʿāmil (governing agent) and the maʿmūl (governed element) as the mechanism determining iʿrāb (inflection) within Arabic sentence structures. This article aims to comprehensively analyze the classical theory of the ʿāmil concept as formulated by early grammarians—notably al-Jurjānī in Al-ʿAwāmil al-Mi’ah—and examine the debates emerging between the Basra and Kufa schools regarding the source and authority of the ʿāmil. Utilizing a qualitative-descriptive analytical approach toward primary and secondary literature, this research explores the epistemological arguments underlying the construction of the ʿāmil theory and assesses its relevance to modern critiques in Arabic linguistics. The findings indicate that the ʿāmil concept is not merely a grammatical instrument but also possesses philosophical value in explaining the order and rationality of the Arabic language. However, modern critiques—particularly from structural and generative linguistic perspectives—question the metaphysical assumptions of the ʿāmil concept, which are deemed non-empirical. Nonetheless, the theory of ʿāmil maintains methodological significance in understanding Arabic syntactic relationships and the development of contemporary grammatical theories. This article emphasizes the necessity of a conceptual reinterpretation of al-ʿawāmil al-naḥwiyyah to remain relevant within modern linguistic paradigms without losing its classical essence.
AL-IDHAFAH, AL-NA’AT, AND AL-TAUKID: STRUCTURAL RELATIONS BETWEEN ELEMENTS IN ARABIC SYNTAX Sulfadli; Muslimin Resi; Hamzah
Multidisciplinary Indonesian Center Journal (MICJO) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 3 No. 1 Edisi Januari 2026
Publisher : PT. Jurnal Center Indonesia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62567/micjo.v3i1.1940

Abstract

This research aims to explain the structural relations between al-idhāfah, al-naʿt, and al-tawkīd in Arabic syntax and to delineate how their interaction influences meaning formation and functional distribution within the nominal phrase. This study is conducted because previous research has tended to discuss these three elements separately, resulting in a lack of an integrated analytical model that describes the hierarchical and semantic relationships between them. The study employs a qualitative-descriptive approach, analyzing data drawn from classical nahwu texts, modern Arabic corpora, and relevant contemporary research. Data were classified based on the patterns of element occurrence and analyzed through structural syntactic analysis methods to identify their functions, positions, and i‘rāb (inflectional) implications. The results indicate that idhāfah serves as a marker of possessive relations and semantic restriction, naʿt functions to provide descriptive modification that clarifies the referent, and tawkīd reinforces the reference both structurally and semantically. These three form dependency patterns that influence each other when present within a single phrasal construction. The novelty of this research lies in the formulation of an integrative relational model that combines syntactic functions, hierarchical structures, and semantic implications into a single operational analytical framework. This model provides a more comprehensive understanding compared to previous fragmentary studies. These findings have important implications for the teaching of nahwu, the analysis of modern Arabic discourse, and the development of computational linguistic applications that require more accurate mapping of nominal structures.
CLASSICAL NAHWU SCIENCE: THE THEORY OF I'RAB, 'AMIL, AND A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE BASRAH AND KUFA MODELS Erni Nurjaya; Ahmad Dani; Hamzah
Multidisciplinary Indonesian Center Journal (MICJO) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 3 No. 1 Edisi Januari 2026
Publisher : PT. Jurnal Center Indonesia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62567/micjo.v3i1.1958

Abstract

This research discusses the concepts of i’rab and ‘amil in Arabic grammar and examines the methodological differences between the Basra and Kufa schools as the two primary streams in the construction of nahwu (syntax). I’rab is understood as the changes in the vowels at the end of words influenced by the presence of an ‘amil (governor) and the word's position within the sentence structure, thus playing a vital role in preserving meaning and syntactic order in the Arabic language. This study employs a qualitative approach with a library research method, tracing primary sources from the works of classical scholars and secondary sources from modern studies. Data analysis was conducted using content and comparative analysis methods to identify the epistemological characteristics of both schools. The results of the study show that the Basra school is prescriptive, rational, and selective regarding linguistic sources, whereas the Kufa school is more descriptive, flexible, and open to various speech patterns, including those considered syadz (irregular). These differing approaches impact how both schools understand and formulate the rules of i’rab and ‘amil. This study concludes that both schools provided distinct yet complementary contributions to the development of Arabic nahwu, where Basra played a role in theoretical standardization and Kufa contributed to the preservation of linguistic reality. These findings emphasize that the understanding of i’rab is not only related to grammatical aspects but is also supported by historical and epistemological perspectives within the scientific tradition of the Arabic language.
A NEW DIRECTION IN ARABIC MORPHOSYNTACTIC STUDIES: INTEGRATING CLASSICAL THEORY, MODERN LINGUISTICS, AND PEDAGOGICAL APPLICATIONS Muhammad Fathin Haqqar; Hamzah
Multidisciplinary Indonesian Center Journal (MICJO) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 3 No. 1 Edisi Januari 2026
Publisher : PT. Jurnal Center Indonesia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62567/micjo.v3i1.1972

Abstract

Traditional Arabic linguistic studies often fall into a dichotomy that separates Nahwu (syntax) and Sharf (morphology), causing learners to lose the functional orientation of the language. This research aims to formulate a new direction in Arabic morphosyntactic studies through the integration of classical theory, modern linguistics, and pedagogical applications. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach with a library research method, data were analyzed comparatively and integratively from various reputable scientific literatures. The research results show that the integration of Al-Jurjani's Nazhm theory with systemic functional and generative-transformational linguistic perspectives is capable of providing a more logical explanation of Arabic language structures. Furthermore, digitalization through corpus analysis and computational linguistics enables empirical mapping of language patterns to support AI development. Pedagogically, the implementation of an integrative approach that unites the teaching of Nahwu and Sharf, alongside the utilization of data-based media, has proven to be more effective in enhancing students' communicative skills compared to conventional methods. This research concludes that strengthening morphosyntactic studies is a crucial step in modernizing Arabic language learning in the global era.
Co-Authors Abram Yoga Raharjo Abrar Tanjung Adi Sucipto, Adi Afandi, Alfa Astiana Afifah. HS, Nur Afreni Hamidah Agustina Salinding Ahmad Ali Irfan Ahmad Dani Ahmed, Idris Adewale Akbar Azis, Muhammad Alieffa Nanda Ervian Alieffa Nanda Erviana Alimuddin Amir, Irfan Amiruddin Saleh, MS Ana Sriekaningsih Andi Islah Hanief Padmanegara Andi Sugirman, Andi Andi Tabrani Rasyid ANDRIANSYAH Anhar Anna Surgean Veterini Antoni , Prima Ardianti, Andi Arham, Sarifuddin Arie Marbandi Arif Ardiansyah Arlenny Aswar Aulia Salsabila Avidar, Yoppie Prim Azisah Nurul Ilmi Andi Kasymir Basilus Rinaldi Budi Santoso Budiyarti, Yuliani Chitra Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa Dahrial Damayanti Tinduh David Setiawan, David Djafar, Wihdat Djoyo, Rachmawati Dwi Budi Santoso Dwi Ratnasari Echa Cristi Edison Eighty Mardiyan K, Eighty eka yati, Sri Erni Nurjaya Fachruddin, Farianto Fadhilatul Amiroh Fahira Fathinah, Azzah Fatmawati Fatmawati Fauriana, Tafuzi Febriani Febriany, A. Very Ficha Melina Firmansyah, M. Risal Ganding Sitepu Gunawan Gunawan Guspul, Ahmad Halmizal Hamdan Maghribi Haris Djalante, Abdul Hartanto, Nono Hasmawati Helmi Amirudin Hendro Sasongko Henny Angri Manafe Herawati Herawaty Hutwan Syarifuddin Ian Vanath Alhakim Idrus Sahar Muhammad Indra Putra , Edi Susrianto Indra Putra, Edi Susrianto Indra Yanto Iskandar, Isna Islahudin Jalius Jamaluddin Jumarni Jumriani Nawawi Juwita, Kiki Kaluge, Agapitus H Kara, Aisyah Kasmawati Kerlin Maysatria Khairil Anwar Khairuddin Khalid Rijaluddin Kiki Novia Arenty Kamisa Kurniati Lambang Basri Said Lenisya Winda Lilis Lina Warlina Linda Sekar Sari Linda Sekar Utami M Aizul Sofyan Syam M. Isnaini Maemonah, Maemonah Mahendra Amir, Ihza Maranatha, Daniel Mardiyantoro, Nahar Marina Zulfa Marsyanti Martin, Benedicto Reynaka Filio Mashud Maulydia Mayreista, Dita Melina, Ficha Misliah Idrus Mita Ariputri Moeins, Anoesyirwan Mohammad Diqi Mohtar, M. Sobirin Muhammad Anis Muhammad Arsyam Muhammad Azhari Muhammad Aziz Dzikrur Rohman Muhammad Faisal Aziz Muhammad Fathin Haqqar Muhammad Iswandi Wahyu Muhammad Jufri Muhammad Rahmat Alimin Muhammad Riswan Liling Muhammad Rusli Muhdar Muslimin Resi Mustafa, Wahyuddin MUTHMAINNAH Muyasaroh, Nurul naashirudin, syahir Napitupulu, Richard R.P. Natsir, Mohammad Nawal Sa’adah Neli Agusti Neneng Hasanah Niha, Simon S. Nirmalawati Nizar Noerdin Basir Nur Atika Putri Nur, Muafiah nurfani, Anggun Nurfani Nursakina Nurul Akma Nurwijayanti Oktaviona Oman Unju Subandi Ordiyasa, I Wayan Putra Wanda, Putra Rahmat Nur Hidayat Restya Amanda Putri Retno Fitrianti Rian, Rica Rio Febrianto Riski Clausthaldi, Fadhil Rohaini Rohaini Rohaini Rosmani salihin Sastrawati, Nila Sepriyadi Adhan S Servasius Hartoyo Sevinatul Nazati Shibghotillah, Nur Siddik, Hasbi Solikin Sri Jumini Sri Mardiyati Sri Mulya Nengsih Sri Wahyuni Ningsi Srinawati St. Chaerunnisa, Andi Suandar Baso Subijanto Marto Soedarmo Suci Cahya Ramadhani Sujoto, Ujo Sulfadli Sunaryo Surahman Amin, Surahman Suryanti Suwondo, Adi Suyud El Syam, Robingun Syafei, Ilham Syafi'i, Ahmad Syamsul Asri Syufriandi Syaiful T, Jamaluddin Tahir Maloko Tri Setyo Guntoro Uhud, Akhyar Nur Ummul Khaeriah Warda Zakiya Wawan Kusdiana Widia Astuti Widiyanto, Petrus Wijaya, Nurhadi Wijaya, Subur Wilastara , Devit Yandri Yandri Yanuar Fitri, Yanuar Yulias Yusron Shidqi, Muhammad Yusuf, Anang Maulana Zakirah, Zakirah Zulfa, Marina Zulfahri, Zulfahri Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain Zulkifli Zulni Pratama , Niko