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Akibat Hukum Kepailitan Perseroan Terbatas Yang Diakibatkan Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Yang Dilakukan Oleh Direksi
Siahaan, Gerald Partogi;
Sunarmi, Sunarmi;
Ginting, Budiman;
Siregar, Mahmul
Locus Journal of Academic Literature Review Vol 3 No 3 (2024): March
Publisher : LOCUS MEDIA PUBLISHING
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DOI: 10.56128/ljoalr.v3i3.292
Penelitian ini fokus pada kajian mengenai tanggungjawab Direksi yang melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum yang mengakibatkan kepailitan Perseroan Terbatas; dan analisis pertimbangan hukum dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 98 PK/Pdt.Sus/2010 tentang Kepailitan Perseroan Terbatas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, dan pendekatan kasus. Teknik studi pustaka digunakan untuk mendapatkan data sekunder yang meliputi bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan metode analisis data kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan Direksi yang mengakibatkan kepailitan Perseroan Terbatas berupa segala hal perbuatan yang tidak melakukan kewajiban Direksi sebagai pengurus PT. Tanggungjawab Direksi yang melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum yang mengakibatkan kepailitan Perseroan Terbatas yaitu dapat dikategorikan dalam bentuk ganti kerugian. Pertimbangan hukum dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 98 PK/Pdt.Sus/2010 tentang Kepailitan Perseroan Terbatas terdapat kekeliruan dari sisi tidak diikusertakannya pertimbangan tentang penyebab utama dari terjadinya kepailitan PT. Rasico Industry adalah perbuatan melawan hukum Direksi, sehingga akhirnya persero tidak dapat membayarkan hutang kepada kreditor. Hakim lalai mempertimbangkan Pasal 97 ayat (3) jo Pasal 104 ayat (2) Undang-Undang PT, untuk mengikutsertakan tanggungjawab Direksi di dalamnya.
PENERAPAN RELAKSASI NAPAS DALAM DENGAN NYERI AKUT PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI
Sunarmi, Sunarmi;
Fathia, Neng Annis;
Kurdaningsih, Septi Viantri;
Nuritasari, Rahayu Tri
Babul Ilmi Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Science Kesehatan Vol 16, No 1 (2024): Babul Ilmi Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Science Kesehatan
Publisher : STIKES 'Aisyiyah Palembang
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DOI: 10.36729/bi.v16i1.1211
Latar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit pada sistem kardiovaskuler yang memiliki angka mortalitas yang tinggi. Saat ini hipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor terbesar ketiga penyebab angka kematian dini. Penyakit ini termasuk penyakit yang mematikan dikarenakan tanpa adanya gejala- gejala terlebih dahulu bagi penderitanya atau disebut sebagai pembunuh diam-diam (silent killer), Salah satu bentuk untuk mengatasi hipertensi dengan penerapan relaksasi nafas dalam. Tujuan : Diketahuinya penerapan relaksasi nafas dalam untuk mengurangi nyeri akut pada pasien hipertensi di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Palembang. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dalam bentuk studi kasus dengan pendekatan proses keperawatan untuk mengeksplorasi penerapan relaksasi napas dalam pada pasien hipertensi dengan nyeri akut, subjek penelitian pasien hipertensi yang berjumlah 2 orang, penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Palembang. Analisa data dengan membandingkan teori dan data yang ditemukan. Hasil: Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan skala nyeri pada pasien I yaitu sebelum dilakukan penerapan relaksasi napas dalam dengan skala nyeri 9 (nyeri berat), setelah dilakukan penerapan skala nyeri 2 (nyeri ringan). Pasien II sebelum dilakukan penerapan skala nyeri 8 (nyeri berat), setelah dilakukan penerapan relaksasi nafas dalam skala nyeri 3 (nyeri ringan). Saran: Diharapkan kepada semua tenaga kesehatan dapat menerapkan terapi relaksasi nafas dalam sebagai implementasi keperawatan dengan masalah nyeri akut. Kata Kunci: Relaksasi nafas dalam, Nyeri akut, Hipertensi
Legal Protection of Third Parties as Fiduciary Guarantee Holders against Assets Designated as Bankruptcy Boedel by the Curator (Case Study Decision No.2/Pdt.Sus-Other-Lain/2019/PN.Niaga Medan jo. No.7/Pdt.Sus- PKPU/2018/PN.Niaga Medan)
Kartika, Sahnaz;
Sunarmi, Sunarmi;
Purba, Hasim;
Harianto, Dedi
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 4, No 4 (2021): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute November
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University
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DOI: 10.33258/birci.v4i4.3292
This study is an analytical descriptive study of normative juridical law. Constitutional, conceptual and cases based approach is used for this research. The data comes from secondary data resources. The location of this research is on Medan District Court Class I A, particulary by interviewing commercial judge and the curator. The data collection techniques and tools are library research, field research, document studies and interview. The data qualitatively analyzed.The results of the study indicate that the third party’s lawsuit against the property that is designated as boedel bankrupt by the curator in the decision number: 2/Pdt.Sus-Another-Lawsuit/2019/PN.Niaga jo. Verdict Number: 7/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2018/PN. Niaga Mdn is not the asset of the bankrupt debtor. To determine the status of third party callateral objects in bankruptcy, it refers to the provisions of Article 21 of Law Number 37 of 2004. The phrase in this law is associated with Article 1131 of the Civil Code means all the debtor’s property, both movable and immovable, both existing and new in the future. The decision of the Panel of Judges in deciding this case, has provided legal protection to third parties as holders of fiduciary guarantees in bankruptcy in a preventive manner, namely the curator in carrying out his duties must apply the precautionary principle before determining the existence of assets by taking nto account the basis of the rights used as olleteral so that it can provide legal certainty. Meanwhile, repressively, by filing another lawsuit against the curator’s actions that include fiduciary guarantees in the bankruptcy filing.
Pemberhentian Direksi Perseroan Terbatas Tanpa Melalui Mekanisme Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham Luar Biasa
Hajar, Siti;
Ginting, Budiman;
Nasution, Bismar;
Sunarmi, Sunarmi
PAMALI: Pattimura Magister Law Review Vol 4, No 2 (2024): JULI
Publisher : Postgraduate Program in Law, Pattimura University
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DOI: 10.47268/pamali.v4i2.2200
Introduction: The management of the company is the sole responsibility of the board of directors. The law does not provide. The law does not provide for the board of commissioners to give direct and permanent members of the board of directors, but is limited to temporary dismissal. This is the background for the dismissal of the directors of the Company without going through the mechanism of an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders.Purposes of the Research: Is to know the judge's consideration of the appointment and dismissal of judges in decision number 15/pdt.g/2013/PN.Cibinong and to know the legal consequences in the dismissal of directors not in accordance with the mechanism of the extraordinary general meeting of shareholders, to achieve the objectives of this research normative juridical research is used through a statutory approach.Methods of the Research: The research method used is normative juridical with legal, conceptual, and case approaches.Results of the Research: The results of the research obtained that the implementation of the dismissal of the Board of Directors based on the decision Number 15/Pdt.G/2013/PN.Cibinong that the dismissal mechanism is not in accordance with the provisions of Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies carried out by the Board of Commissioners of PT. SBTI, thus causing legal consequences affected to the company, namely the Minister rejects any application submitted or notification submitted to the Minister, and because the dismissal is not in accordance with the provisions, the dismissal is invalid and null and void and restore the position of the old Board of Directors who have been temporarily dismissed.The dismissal of a member of the Board of Directors is to stop the person concerned from the position of the Board of Directors before the term of office specified in the articles of association or the decision of the GMS expires. In article 106 of the 2007 Company Law, the temporary dismissal of the Board of Directors is the right and authority of the Board of Directors, but not to dismiss directly and permanently.
BENTUK PERAHU NELAYAN TRADISIONAL CILACAP PRAFIBERISASI
Rochyat, Indra Gunara;
Widyastutieningrum, Sri Rochana;
Sunarto, Bambang;
Sunarmi, Sunarmi
Sejarah dan Budaya: Jurnal Sejarah, Budaya, dan Pengajarannya Vol 16, No 2 (2022): Sejarah dan Budaya: Jurnal Sejarah, Budaya, dan Pengajarannya
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang
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DOI: 10.17977/um020v16i22022p318-343
Traditional wooden fishing boats in Cilacap have a characteristic shape as a marker of their territory. The preservation of the shape of the boat until the era of fiberglass of materials became an ontological problem that was formulated. A phenomenological approach to the design of wooden boats is used in reviewing the content of values in the form at a certain time. The design element review method dissects various needs related to aspects of practicality, aesthetics, and symbols and combinations of the three, according to the geographical situation, and living conditions. The formation of the wooden fishing boat elements supported by the guiding elements is always related in a unit that influences each other. The intrinsic value in the shape of the wooden boat that was instilled by the previous fishermen was maintained by the next generation.Perahu kayu nelayan tradisional di Cilacap memiliki ciri bentuk sebagai penanda wilayahnya. Bertahannya bentuk perahu sampai pada era bahan fiberglass menjadi sebuah persoalan ontologis yang dirumuskan. Pendekatan fenomenologis pada desain perahu kayu digunakan dalam meninjau kandungan nilai-nilai pada bentuk di suatu kurun waktu tertentu. Metode tinjauan elemen desain membedah berbagai kebutuhan yang berkaitan dengan aspek kepraktisan, estetika dan simbol-simbol serta kombinasi-kombinasi dari ketiganya, sesuai dengan situasi geografis, dan kondisi-kondisi kehidupannya. Terbentuknya elemen perahu kayu nelayan ditopang oleh unsur-unsur pemandu itu senantiasa berkaitan dalam sebuah unit yang saling mempengaruhi satu sama lain. Nilai instrinsik pada bentuk perahu kayu yang ditanamkan oleh nelayan terdahulu terus dipertahankan oleh generasi sesudahnya.
JURIDICAL STUDY ON CHANGES IN THE LEGAL FORM OF REGIONAL COMPANIES (PD) BECOME A REGIONAL COMPANY (PERSERODA) (STUDY OF THE PLANNED CHANGE OF LHOKSEUMAWE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT COMPANY STATUS)
Antary, Cut Rizki;
Sunarmi, Sunarmi;
Purba, Hasim
BULETIN KONSTITUSI Vol 4, No 1 (2023): Vol. 4, No. 1
Publisher : BULETIN KONSTITUSI
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This change in legal form is regulated by the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 3 of 1998 concerning the Forms of BUMD and Government Regulation No. 54 of 2017 concerning BUMD. This research tries to examine the problems: the legal regulations change the legal form of a regional company to become a regional company, the factors that encourage the change in the legal form of a regional company to become a regional company and the legal consequences that arise on company assets after changing the legal form by referring to Law No. 23 of 2014 and Government Regulation No. 54 of 2017. The method used is normative legal research method. The nature of the research is descriptive. The type of data used is secondary data sourced from primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Secondary data were collected using literature study techniques and field studies with data collection tools in the form of interviews. Furthermore, these data were analyzed using qualitative analysis. The results show that the legal regulations changing the legal form of a regional company to a regional company have been regulated in Ministerial Regulation No. 3 of 1998 concerning Forms of BUMD and Government Regulation No. 54 of 2017 concerning BUMD. Meanwhile, the factors that led to the change in the legal form of a regional company to become a regional company were encountered, namely too much intervention from the government, no separation of political interests and economic interests, the lack of interest from other investors, and a lack of competent human resources. Based on the analysis of the change in the legal form of a regional company to a regional company, there is a legal vacuum on the accountability of asset management after changing the legal form.Keywords: local companies, regional companies, legal form..
ANALISIS YURIDIS KEPEMILIKAN HAK ATAS TANAH OLEH BADAN HUKUM BERDASARKAN PERJANJIAN PINJAM NAMA (STUDI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NO. 2305 K/PDT/2020)
Nasution, Dinny Oktariza;
sunarmi, Sunarmi;
Tony, Tony
BULETIN KONSTITUSI Vol 4, No 1 (2023): Vol. 4, No. 1
Publisher : BULETIN KONSTITUSI
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UUPA mengatur pendaftaran tanah yang bertujuan memberikan jaminan kepastian hukum. Permasalahan yang terkait dengan pendaftaran tanah adalah perjanjian pinjam nama (nominee). Salah satu sengketa pertanahan tersebut yaitu Putusan Mahkamah Agung No. 2305/K/Pdt/2020. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui jawaban dari perumusan masalah mengenai keabsahan akta perjanjian pinjam nama atas hak kepemilikan tanah oleh badan hukum, tanggung jawab notaris atas akta perjanjian pinjam nama atas hak kepemilikan tanah dan pertimbangan hukum perjanjian pinjam nama dalam putusan mahkamah agung no.2305 K/Pdt/2020.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Jenis data yang dipakai adalah data sekunder, terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan studi kepustakaan. Data-data yang telah diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk mendapatkan hasil penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa perjanjian pinjam nama kepemilikan hak atas tanah oleh badan hukum mengandung kausa yang tidak halal karena tujuan dibuatnya untuk menghindari Pasal 21 ayat (2) UUPA dan Pasal 26 ayat (2) UUPA sehingga akta notarisnya juga tidak sah. Tanggung jawab notaris dalam pembuatan akta perjanjian pinjam nama atas hak kepemilikan tanah berupa tanggung jawab secara perdata, administrasi dan kode etik. Pertimbangan hakim dalam perkara nomor 2305K/Pdt/2020 dinilai tidak mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor yuridis lainnya seperti hak milik atas tanah dalam UUPA, ketentuan pendaftaran tanah, keabsahan akta perjanjian pinjam nama, konflik ahli waris dan laporan pajak.Kata Kunci: Perjanjian Pinjam Nama, Badan Hukum, Notaris
Analisis Yuridis Persyaratan Kepemilikan Saham Asing Pada Bidang Usaha Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Berdasarkan Daftar Negatif Investasi
Siegfried, Irene Elfira Dewi;
Ginting, Budiman;
Sunarmi, Sunarmi;
Siregar, Mahmul
Recht Studiosum Law Review Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Volume 2 Nomor 1 (Mei-2023)
Publisher : Talenta Publisher
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DOI: 10.32734/rslr.v2i1.11486
Oil palm plantations play an important role in the national economy and have great potential for national economic development in the context of realizing the prosperity and welfare of the people in an equitable manner. Even though Indonesia needs foreign capital, foreign investment must still pay attention to the national interest. One of the national interests is to protect natural resources in Indonesia. The Presidential Regulation No. 44 of 2016 concerning the List of Business Fields That Are Closed and Business Fields That Are Open with Requirements regulates the limitation of foreign share ownership in companies engaged in oil palm plantations by 95%. The oil palm plantation business does not require high technology, only land, nurseries, and fertilization which have been done since the colonial era. However, with the existence of the Presidential Regulation on the Negative Investment List, the Government has opened up a huge influx of foreign investment. Therefore, problems arise 1) Requirements for foreign share ownership in the oil palm plantation business sector based on the Negative Investment List in Indonesia; and 2) The basis for consideration in determining the requirements for limiting foreign share ownership in the oil palm plantation business sector in Indonesia. This research is normative legal research. The nature of descriptive research. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively and deductively concluded. The results of the research show that: 1) Presidential Regulation No. Investment Negative List. 44 of 2016 is a government policy that supports foreign investment more than domestic investment, and 2) The basis for considering the opening of foreign shareholdings of up to a maximum of 95% based on the Presidential Regulation on the Negative Investment List is the relatively large need for funds which cannot be fully met solely by relying on Domestic Investment.
Analisis Yuridis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Upaya Hukum Kasasi Terhadap Putusan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (Studi Putusan No. 23/PUU-XIX/2021)
Lufti Nasution , Miranda;
Sunarmi, Sunarmi;
Robert, Robert
Recht Studiosum Law Review Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Volume 2 Nomor 2 (November-2023)
Publisher : Talenta Publisher
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DOI: 10.32734/rslr.v2i2.12105
Urgensi upaya hukum kasasi dalam putusan pailit yang didahului permohonan PKPU sejatinya ditujukan untuk mengantisipasi modus mempailitkan badan usaha yang masih solven melalui penyalahgunaan Pasal 222 ayat (1) dan (3) UU No. 37 Tahun 2004 dengan cara menggagalkan perdamaian dalam proses PKPU. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui pentingnya eksistensi upaya hukum kasasi dalam perkara pailit yang diawali permohonan PKPU. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah metode yuridis normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui bahwa upaya hukum terhadap putusan PKPU tidak hanya ditutup melalui UU No. 37 Tahun 2004 namun juga dalam beberapa Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung (SEMA) dengan alasan perdamaian dalam PKPU sudah cukup untuk menyelesaikan perkara. Namun seiring perkembangan zaman, upaya hukum kasasi terhadap putusan pailit yang diawali permohonan PKPU diberikan secara terbatas melalui Putusan MK No. 23/PUU-XIX/2021. Upaya hukum kasasi dapat diajukan terhadap putusan pailit yang diawali permohonan PKPU dengan syarat permohonan PKPU diajukan oleh kreditur dan proposal perdamaian debitur ditolak.