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Fakultas Hukum Universitas Tarumanagara
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The Urgency of Establishing a Personal Data Protection Agency in Indonesia (Adopting the South Korean Personal Data Protection Agency Model) Lubna Tabriz Sulthanah; Rasji Rasji
Law Development Journal Vol 7, No 4 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/ldj.7.4.675-687

Abstract

Countries under the constitution have a responsibility to protect the privacy of every citizen, one of which is through the protection of personal data. Indonesia has not yet had its own institution tasked with realizing the implementation of the protection of personal data in an integrated manner. Indonesia, when compared to several countries in the Southeast Asia and Asia region, can be said to be lagging behind in terms of having the PDP Law, including the absence of a Personal Data Protection Institution. As a policy study material to see the form of the Personal Data Protection Agency, the researcher will examine the Personal Information Protection Commission (PIPC), which is a personal data protection institution in South Korea. The selection of the country is based on the fact that South Korea is one of the countries in Asia that is considered to meet the equality standards of data protection laws. The type of research used is a normative legal research method supported by empirical legal research methods. The data collection technique was carried out by literature study supported by interviews with parties involved in the research. The main problem that will be raised in this study is how the Personal Data Protection Institutions in Indonesia and South Korea are similar and different. In addition, what is the urgency of establishing a Personal Data Protection Agency in Indonesia that adopts PIPC in South Korea. The adoption in question does not mean plagiarizing in a complete way, but adaptation by considering constitutional conditions, capacity, and specific needs.
The Validity of Notarial Authentic Deeds Prepared Through Service Bureaus in the Perspective of the Notary Code of Ethics Marlyn Christ Nathasia Br Sumbayak; Rasji Rasji
Jurnal Daulat Hukum Vol 8, No 4 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jdh.v8i4.48902

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the validity of notarial authentic deeds prepared through cooperation with service bureaus and to examine violations of the Notary Code of Ethics within such practices. This collaborative phenomenon raises legal and ethical issues, as it potentially disregards the formal requirements for deed formation as stipulated in Article 15 and Article 16 paragraph (1)(m) of Law No. 2 of 2014 concerning the Office of the Notary (UUJN), as well as Article 1868 of the Indonesian Civil Code. This research employs a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, and examines practices in the Central Jakarta area as an illustration of the application of these norms. The findings indicate that deeds drafted through service bureaus lose their authenticity and possess only the evidentiary value of private deeds. From an ethical perspective, such cooperation violates Article 4(g) of the Notary Code of Ethics, which prohibits the use of intermediaries to obtain clients. 
KEADILAN HUKUM DALAM PEMBEBANAN BIAYA PERKARA TERHADAP NOTARIS SEBAGAI TURUT TERGUGAT Septyanisa Wahyuningtyas; Rasji
Kertha Semaya: Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 14 No. 6 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/KS.2026.v14.i06.p02

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pembebanan biaya perkara terhadap notaris sebagai turut tergugat ditinjau dari perspektif keadilan hukum serta mengidentifikasi upaya hukum notaris terhadap pembebanan biaya perkara yang tidak didasarkan pada kesalahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembebanan biaya perkara secara tanggung renteng terhadap notaris sebagai turut tergugat yang tidak terbukti melakukan kesalahan belum mencerminkan keadilan proporsional dan mencederai asas liability based on fault. Notaris dapat menempuh upaya preventif melalui eksepsi diskualifikasi serta upaya represif melalui banding untuk menegakkan keadilan, kepastian hukum, dan perlindungan terhadap martabat jabatan notaris. This study aims to analyze the imposition of court costs on notaries as co-defendants from the perspective of legal justice and to identify the legal remedies available to notaries when such costs are imposed without proof of fault. This research employs a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that the joint imposition of court costs on a notary as a co-defendant who is not proven to have committed any fault does not reflect proportional justice and violates the principle of liability based on fault. Notaries may pursue preventive legal remedies through disqualification objections and repressive remedies through appeal in order to uphold justice, legal certainty, and the integrity of the notarial office.
JERAT PIDANA TANPA MENS REA: BATAS AKUNTABILITAS NOTARIS TERHADAP KEJAHATAN IDENTITAS PENGHADAP Aulia Khairunisa; Rasji
Kertha Semaya: Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/KS.2025.v14.i01.p12

Abstract

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis perlindungan hukum bagi Notaris terhadap tindakan penghadap yang menggunakan identitas palsu serta upaya hukum yang dapat ditempuh Notaris untuk mendapatkan ganti kerugian dan biaya perkara. Masalah utama dalam penelitian ini adalah rentannya posisi Notaris yang sering ditarik ke dalam ranah pidana maupun perdata akibat ketidakbenaran keterangan penghadap, meskipun Notaris hanya bertanggung jawab secara formal. Metode penelitian yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum Notaris bersifat preventif melalui kewenangan Majelis Pengawas Notaris (MPN) dan represif melalui pembuktian ketiadaan mens rea serta penerapan Teori Tanggung Jawab Hukum. Upaya hukum untuk memperoleh ganti rugi dengan dapat dilakukan melalui gugatan Perbuatan Melawan Hukum (Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata) dan menggabungkan sebuah perkara ganti rugi (Pasal 98 KUHAP) guna mewujudkan keadilan komutatif bagi Notaris sebagai korban itikad buruk penghadap. This study aims to analyze the legal protection for Notaries against the actions of appearers who use false identities and the legal remedies that Notaries can take to obtain compensation and court costs. The main problem in this research is the vulnerable position of Notaries who are often dragged into criminal and civil domains due to the untruthfulness of the appearer's information, even though Notaries are only formally responsible. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results show that the legal protection of Notaries is preventive through the authority of the Notary Supervisory Board (MPN) and repressive through the proof of the absence of mens rea and the application of the Theory of Legal Liability. Legal remedies to obtain compensation can be pursued through a Tort lawsuit (Article 1365 of the Civil Code) and the merging of compensation cases (Article 98 of the Criminal Procedure Code) in order to achieve commutative justice for Notaries as victims of the appearer's bad faith.  
BUSINESS JUDGMENT RULE DAN RELEVANSINYA: MENGURAI BENANG KUSUT KRIMINALISASI KERUGIAN BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA Steven Galileo Haryanto; Rasji
Kertha Semaya: Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/KS.2025.v14.i01.p18

Abstract

Penerapan doktrin Business Judgment Rule (BJR) di Indonesia menyimpan paradoks. Pasal 9F dan Pasal 3Y Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2025 tentang Perubahan Keempat atas Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2003 tentang Badan Usaha Milik Negara secara normatif mengkodifikasi BJR sebagai tameng terhadap kriminalisasi keputusan bisnis, namun dalam praktik penegakan hukum direksi BUMN tetap rentan ditarik ke ranah pidana. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis problematika penerapan BJR dalam penegakan hukum atas kerugian BUMN, dengan menelaah ketidakjelasan batas antara business decision dan perbuatan melawan hukum, potensi kriminalisasi direksi akibat perluasan makna kerugian negara, serta benturan rezim hukum administrasi, perdata, pidana, dan hukum perseroan. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus, didukung analisis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 28/PUU-XXIV/2026, Nomor 38/PUU-XXIII/2025, dan Nomor 66/PUU-XXIV/2026. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BJR di Indonesia berstatus qualified immunity yang dilemahkan oleh reverse burden of proof, ambiguitas paradigma transformasi-sumber dalam UU BUMN, dan pendekatan result-oriented oleh aparat penegak hukum. Penelitian merekomendasikan konstruksi pertanggungjawaban berlapis (layered liability construction) yang membedakan tipologi kerugian dan menempatkan pertanggungjawaban pidana sebagai ultimum remedium, agar BJR dapat berfungsi sebagai pelindung yang efektif tanpa berubah menjadi imunitas mutlak. The application of the Business Judgment Rule (BJR) doctrine in Indonesia carries a paradox. Articles 9F and 3Y of Law Number 16 of 2025 concerning the Fourth Amendment to Law Number 19 of 2003 concerning State-Owned Enterprises normatively codify BJR as a shield against the criminalisation of business decisions, yet in practice, directors of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) remain vulnerable to criminal prosecution. This study analyses the problems of BJR application in law enforcement over SOE losses by examining the unclear boundary between business decisions and unlawful acts, the potential criminalisation of directors due to the expansion of state losses, and the conflict between administrative, civil, criminal, and corporate law regimes. The research employs a normative legal method using statute, conceptual, and case approaches, supported by analyses of Constitutional Court Decisions Number 28/PUU-XXIV/2026, Number 38/PUU-XXIII/2025, and Number 66/PUU-XXIV/2026. The findings reveal that the Indonesian BJR functions as a qualified immunity weakened by reverse burden of proof, ambiguity between the transformation-source paradigms in the SOE Law, and a result-oriented approach by law enforcement officials. The study recommends a layered liability construction that distinguishes loss typologies and positions criminal liability as ultimum remedium, so BJR can serve as effective protection without becoming absolute immunity.
PERAN DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB NOTARIS DALAM PENCATATAN PERUBAHAN DIREKSI DEMI KEPASTIAN HUKUM PERSEROAN Jeanette Ladyna Kasman; Rasji
Kertha Semaya: Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/KS.2025.v14.i01.p16

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran dan tanggung jawab notaris dalam memastikan pencatatan perubahan direksi sesuai dengan prosedur hukum yang berlaku berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus melalui analisis Putusan PTUN Jakarta Nomor 32/G/2018/PTUN-JKT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa notaris memiliki peran strategis dalam proses perubahan direksi, mulai dari penyusunan akta autentik, verifikasi dokumen, hingga pelaporan kepada Kementerian Hukum dan HAM melalui Sistem Administrasi Badan Hukum (SABH). Namun, dalam praktiknya masih terdapat berbagai kendala, seperti ketidaklengkapan dokumen, kurangnya pemahaman hukum para pihak, serta hambatan administratif yang dapat menimbulkan akibat hukum berupa ketidakpastian status direksi dan potensi sengketa hukum. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penerapan prinsip kehati-hatian dan penguatan pengawasan administratif guna menjamin kepastian hukum dan mewujudkan tata kelola perusahaan yang baik. This study aims to analyze the role and responsibility of notaries in ensuring the registration of changes in the board of directors in accordance with applicable legal procedures under Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a case approach through the analysis of the Jakarta Administrative Court Decision Number 32/G/2018/PTUN-JKT. The results of the study indicate that notaries have a strategic role in the process of changes in the board of directors, starting from the preparation of authentic deeds, document verification, to reporting to the Ministry of Law and Human Rights through the Legal Entity Administration System (SABH). However, in practice, there are still several obstacles, such as incomplete documents, lack of legal understanding among the parties, and administrative barriers that may result in legal consequences in the form of uncertainty regarding the status of directors and potential legal disputes. Therefore, the implementation of the prudential principle and the strengthening of administrative supervision are necessary to ensure legal certainty and to realize good corporate governance.
PEMBATALAN PERKAWINAN AKIBAT POLIGAMI TANPA IZIN PENGADILAN AGAMA DALAM PERSPEKTIF LEGALITAS DAN KEADILAN Riska Amelia Putri; Rasji
Kertha Semaya: Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/KS.2025.v14.i01.p20

Abstract

Pembatalan perkawinan karena poligami yang tidak mendapat izin Pengadilan Agama menimbulkan persoalan antara legalitas dan keadilan dalam hukum perkawinan di Indonesia. Studi ini berfungsi untuk menganalisis pertentangan antara legalitas dan keadilan dalam pembatalan perkawinan akibat poligami tanpa izin Pengadilan Agama. Studi ini menrapkan teknik hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa izin Pengadilan Agama memiliki kedudukan penting dalam menentukan legalitas poligami. Namun, pembatalan perkawinan tidak hanya berdampak pada status hukum perkawinan, tetapi juga menimbulkan akibat hukum bagi para pihak yang terlibat. Maka dari itu, penegakan hukum dalam pembatalan perkawinan harus memperhatikan keseimbangan antara kepastian hukum dan keadilan. The annulment of a marriage due to a permit for polygamy without the permission of the Religious Court raises issues of legality and justice in Indonesian marriage law. This study aims to resolve the conflict between legality and justice in the annulment of a marriage due to polygamy without the permission of the Religious Court. This study uses a normative legal research method with a legal and contextual approach. The results indicate that permission from the Religious Court plays a crucial role in determining the legality of polygamy. However, annulment of a marriage not only impacts the legal status of the marriage but also has legal consequences for the parties involved. Therefore, law enforcement in annulment of a marriage must maintain a balance between legal certainty and justice.
The Position of the Tax Court in the Indonesian Judicial System After the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 26/PUU-XXI/2023 Yosia Clementino Moningka; Rasji Rasji
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55849/rjl.v1i1.318

Abstract

Background. The Tax Court, basically, has been regulated in Law Number 14 Year 2002 on Tax Court. However, there is an issue relating to the ambiguous position of the Tax Court. Purpose. The purpose of this is to show that the position of the court is not independent, as it plays a role in both judicial and executive functions, which may result in a lack of independence in case decision making. Therefore, this study aims to determine the position of the tax court in the current judicial system in Indonesia. Method. This research uses normative juridical research method by reviewing secondary data obtained. Based on the results of the research, it was found that the latest Constitutional Court Decision Number 26/PUU-XXI/2023 has determined that the Tax Courts must transfer their organizational, administrative, and financial development responsibilities to the Supreme Court before 31 December 2026. Results. The consequence of this decision is that the organizational structure of the Tax Court will be directly under the supervision of the Supreme Court and no longer under the Ministry of Finance. Although the Tax Court will be transferred to the Supreme Court, it is important to maintain this situation as the transition requires adjustments in terms of organizational structure, employee status, and career opportunities for tax judges. All of these matters must be studied and solutions found by the Tax Court as the independence of tax judges means a lot to taxpayers seeking justice in their tax disputes. Conclusion. In addition to independence, the public also expects competent expertise and knowledge from tax judges as enforcers of justice in tax disputes.
Co-Authors Abi Hamdalah Sorimuda Harahap Agatha Augustin Agung Valerama Agung Valerama Akhirudin Akmal Risqi Yudhianto Pratama Alex Oktavian Alexander Kevin Gorga Anastasia Regita Rintan Sahara Angelia Angelia Anggian Cassilas Arief Dermawan Singhs Arya Salwa Wardana Aulia Khairunisa Ayi Meidyna Sany Baehaqi Benny Djaja Benny Djaja Brilian Lawyer Briyan Dustin Calvita Calvita Carissa Dianputri Charisse Evania Tansir Christian Samuel Lodoe Haga Cindy Laurencia Clarissa Aurelia Susanto Daniel Hasudungan Nainggolan Dave Hamonangan Delvina Koniardy Destiana Vani Candra Devika Graciella Gunawan Doni Hafendi Dwi Indriyanie Ela Suryani Elfindah Princes Erick Darmansyah Evaline Suhunan Evaline Suhunan Purba Evanie Estheralda Elizabeth Romauli Saragih Fellicia Angelica Kholim Fico Acchedya Wijaya Gevan Naufal Wala Giovanni Cornelia Grace Angelia Soenartho Graciella Azzura Putri Ananda Handoyo Ivana Trixie Jeane Neltje Saly Jeanette Ladyna Kasman Jedyzha Azzariel Priliska Jety Widjaja John Michael Hizkia Joshua Anggie Bobby Juwitha Putri Simanjuntak Kaniko Dyon Geraldi Lena Mariana Sitorus Leo Leo Lila Graciella Yuwono Liumenti Liumenti Lubna Tabriz Sulthanah Made Aubrey Josephine Angelina Marcellius Kirana Hamonangan Marlyn Christ Nathasia Br Sumbayak Marshella Cenvysta Maulida Syahrin Najmi Meiliani Melia Michael Michael Kalep Simarmata Michelle Abigail Suganda Moses Nathanael Muhammad Arif Budiman Muhammad Lutfi Pratama Muhammad Wildan Ichsandi Muhammad Yogi Septiyan Priyono Nabila Tiara Deviana Nada Dwi Azhari Nadia Mardesya Namira Diffany Nuzan Narumi Bungas Gazali Natashya Natashya Nathalie Cristine Lumban Gaol Nathanael Telaumbanua Nigar Pandrianto Paramita, Sinta Pascal Amadeo Yapputro Patrick Vallerio Patrick Winson Salim Purba Made Aubrey Putri Meilika Nadilatasya Rafael Christian Djaja Rahaditya Renggi Pramita Rheannen Cariena Rheina Aini Safa’at Rianza Naufalfalah Ilham Richard Gordon Surya Riska Amelia Putri Samantha Elizabeth Fitzgerald Sanny Nuyessy Putri Septyanisa Wahyuningtyas Sherley Lie Sherly Budiono Shindy Veronica Shintamy Nesyicha Syahril Shrishti Shrishti Silvia Evelyn Sota James Sakila Stevania Stevania Steven Galileo Haryanto Sylviana Sylviana Tabitha Roulina Anastasya Tasya Patricia Winata Tiffani Aprillya Purba Timotius Djaja Saputra Tiyas Asri Putri Tundjung Herning Sitabuana Valencia Prasetyo Ningrum Viane Patricia Wilda Septi Liane Wilda Septi Liane William Chandra Yanuar Putra Erwin Yofi Permatasari Yoshep Vandeswan Kurnialim Hia Yosia Clementino Moningka Yudha Aditya Pradana Yuliya Safitri Yuwono Prianto Zahra Alsabilah