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Journal : Emerging Science Journal

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Odor Profiling of Blood Shells Using TGS Gas Sensor and PCA-SVM Analysis Astuti, Suryani Dyah; Funabiki, Nobuo; Soelistiono, Soegianto; Winarno; Arifianto, Deny; Ramadhani, Nadia Nur; Permatasari, Perwira Annissa Dyah; Yaqubi, Ahmad Khalil; Susilo, Yunus; Syahrom, Ardiyansyah
Emerging Science Journal Vol. 9 No. 5 (2025): October
Publisher : Ital Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-05-017

Abstract

Blood cockles (Andara granulosa) are among the most popular animal protein sources due to their rich nutritional content and high economic value. The storage period and temperature are two critical factors that significantly influence the freshness of blood cockles. One key indicator of blood cockle quality is the odor they emit. An unpleasant or inappropriate odor can indicate contamination or a decline in quality, posing potential food safety risks. However, conventional methods of odor quality testing are often subjective, require specialized skills, and may not always be reliable. To address the limitations of human olfaction, advancements in gas sensor technology, specifically gas array sensors (also known as the electronic nose), have been developed. This research aims to profile the freshness of blood cockles by identifying their odor under different storage conditions using electronic nose technology. The study used fresh blood cockle meat, which was stored under varying temperature conditions: at room temperature, in a cooler, and in a freezer. The storage periods for the samples were 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days. The samples were placed in sealed bottles and tested using a gas array sensor. The data collected from this process were in the form of voltage readings, which were analyzed using machine learning techniques, specifically Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The data were then classified using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model. The study results showed that the gas array sensor successfully classified the odor profiles, with PCA explaining 93.83% of the variance in the data. The SVM model achieved an accuracy of 89.66% for PCA-reduced data and 91.44% for non-PCA data.
Co-Authors A. K. Islami A. M. Fuah A. M. Fuah, A. M. A. Sunyoto Abd Razak, Nasrul Anuar Abdus Salam, Abdus Abror, Ghulam Muhammad Achmad Afandi, Achmad ADI BASHORY, KHARISMA Adiputra, Agung Agastya, Yoga Agusti Mardikaningsih AGUSTIE, TEO Agustin, Eva Inaiyah Ahmad Bashori Ahmad Junaidi Alfandi, Aril Alma, Ahmad Faizin Alvin Indra Pratama Amruloh, Yazid Muhammad Anak Agung Ngurah Perwira Redi Andi Hamim Zaidan Andrea Salsalova Annida Lathifa Riandy Putri Anthoni Arif P Arifianto, Deny Aril Afandi Arum Filsafat Ary Artanty Ashari Husen Ashari, Minanti Mayda Audina P Alhabsyi, Gina B. K. Sheehan Berlianisa, Kumala Bramastia C. D. Darmawan Chairul Andrian D. A. Astuti Dandung Wahyu Amrulloh Deddy Chrismianto Deden Ramdani DELLITA, WINDA Demon, Fransiskus Dominikus Deni Zein Tarsidi Destiani, Reza Dian Neli Pratiwi Dirga Candra Styawan Djono DWI DAMAYANTI, ASTI Dwi Setiawati Radjak E. A. Syahrin Edeh Dike Mariske Eko Agus Srihanto, Eko Agus Elly Lestari Rustiati Elsyea Adia Tunggadewi Endang Siswati Endrise Septina Rawanoko Febriansyah, Muhammad Ferdy Rehan Pane Gandhi Adidaya H. Nuraini Handoko, Hendri Hari Pamungkas Hendik Murdiyanto Hery Sawiji Hidayah, Ferro Hieronymus Purwanta Hilhamsyah I Made Mariasa I. Nabilah Ika Mariyani Iknasius Lagu Imam Rofiki Indah Kurniawati Isnaini, Illahika Qurotul JULI SAPTA RAHITA, DWI Juliani Pudjowati Kartika Chrysti Suryandari Khusnul Ain Khusnul Ain Kuncoro, Bhakti Dwi Lantapi, Adriansyah Wuriadin Lantapi Leo Agung Sutimin Lestari, Septi Wahyu Luthfiyah, Sari Machmud Al Rasyid, Machmud Maharani, Annisa Lidya Melandhany, Mareta Minanti Mayda Ashari Mintasih Indriayu Mochammad Balafif Mohammad Muchtarom Mudjia Rahardjo Muhammad Febriansyah Muhammad Hendri Nuryadi, Muhammad Hendri Muhammad Hufron Muhammad Kyodan Khalidzky Muhammad Nazmi Saputra Muhlisin Murdiyanto, Hendik Mushofi, Yuskhil N. C. Hartono Natanael Suranta Natasya Thesalonika Nobuo Funabiki, Nobuo Nurdin, Dezy Zahrotul Istiqomah Nursim Okto Risdianto M Pakombong, Vhalentio Pamorti, Ongke Ageng Paulus Rah Adi Pawitra Permatasari, Nindy Permatasari, Perwira Annissa Dyah Pipit Widiatmaka, Pipit Prastyo, Bayu Pratiwi, Dian Neli Prihantoro, Eko Prihartini Widiyanti Priyambodo Pujiyanto Purnama Adi, Fadhil R Yogi Nugraha Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Rahma, Zuyyina Rahman, Safri Ramadhani, Nadia Nur Ramli Rawanoko, Endrise Septine Reno Ismanto Rohman, Muchammad Nurur Salamet Salatnaya, H. Salsalova, Andrea Sandra, Shifa Septi Wahyu Lestari Septilia Regita Cahyani Shifa Sandra Siswanto Soegianto Soelistiono Sudari Sudarsono Sugeng Sholehuddin, Sugeng Suhada Suhada, Suhada Suhariningsih Sukma Pamungkas Sulaeman Suparman Suprobo, Yok Suryani Dyah Astuti Susi Tri Wahyuni Susilo, Yunus Sutimin , Leo Agung Sutimin, Leo Agung Syahrizal Syahrom, Ardiyansyah Syaiful Alam SYAIFUL RAMADHAN, AHMAD Syarifullah Bundang Syuhadah, Nurul Aisyah T. Suryati Thesalonika, Natasya tifani Tri Murwaningsih Triana Rejekiningsih dkk Triuli Novianti Triuli Novianti, Triuli Triyanto V. A. Mendrofa VALDIANSYAH, RAKA WAHYU PRASETYO, YOGA Wahyudi, Edi Wati, Evita Ratna Widodo, W. D. Widya Noventari, Widya Wijayanto, Luqman Wijianto Wijianto Wildan Fatchan Maulidin Y. C. Endrawati Yaqubi, Ahmad Khalil Yoga Duta Bartila Yonatan Yuliana Andriyani Yulianto, Fazri Yunardi, Riky Tri Yunita Maysyaroh Yuskhil Mushofi Zain, Nuril Jannah