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All Journal Jurnal Daulat Hukum Pembaharuan Hukum NUSANTARA : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI WAJAH HUKUM Awang Long Law Review Unes Law Review Jurisprudensi: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, Perundang-undangan, Ekonomi Islam Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni Jurnal Ilmu Hukum KYADIREN Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Sigli AL-Ishlah : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Al-Manhaj: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review JIHAD : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan Jurnal Yustitia Action Research Literate (ARL) Law Development Journal International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC) Journal of Social Research Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (JIHHP) Indonesia Law Review (ILREV) Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Ilmu Sosial (JHPIS) QISTINA: Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia Journal of Accounting Management Business and International Research Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Sighat : Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Journal of Mutidisciplinary Issues Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Journal of Law, Education and Business International Journal of Application on Economics and Business Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities Journal of Education Religion Humanities and Multidiciplinary Journal of Management Accounting, Tax and Production Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Abdi Masyarakat UIKA Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Journal of Accounting Law Communication and Technology SAKOLA: Journal of Sains Cooperative Learning and Law Journal of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Jurnal Akuntansi Hukum dan Edukasi Jurnal Sostekmas: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Teknologi, dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Journal of Business Inflation Management and Accounting Journal of Health Education Law Information and Humanities Jurnal Serina Abdimas
Lie, Gunardi
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Religion Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Neuroscience Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Analisis Risiko dalam Transaksi Bisnis Internasional: Studi Kasus Perdagangan Ekspor-Impor di Asia Tenggara Sandi, Maydi Jack; Lie, Gunardi
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i2.4984

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis risiko-risiko utama dalam transaksi ekspor-impor di Asia Tenggara serta strategi mitigasi yang diterapkan oleh pelaku usaha. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa studi literatur, analisis dokumen, dan wawancara mendalam dengan pelaku usaha ekspor-impor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 15 kategori risiko yang dominan, di antaranya risiko fluktuasi nilai tukar, keterlambatan pembayaran, gagal bayar, biaya logistik yang meningkat, keterlambatan pengiriman, kerusakan barang, perbedaan regulasi antarnegara, perubahan kebijakan pemerintah, serta risiko geopolitik. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa perusahaan besar cenderung lebih siap menghadapi risiko dengan memanfaatkan kontrak lindung nilai, asuransi, dan sistem manajemen risiko formal, sedangkan UKM masih menghadapi keterbatasan akses terhadap instrumen tersebut. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya penerapan manajemen risiko yang komprehensif melalui diversifikasi pasar, pemanfaatan instrumen keuangan, serta digitalisasi dokumen perdagangan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan bagi pelaku usaha, pemerintah, dan akademisi dalam mengembangkan strategi pengelolaan risiko perdagangan internasional yang efektif dan berkelanjutan.
Perlindungan Hukum Eksportir Indonesia dalam Kontrak Bisnis Internasional: Kajian Normatif terhadap Prinsip Kepastian Hukum Adepio, Muhammad Fadel; Lie, Gunardi
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i2.4986

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perlindungan hukum bagi eksportir Indonesia dalam kontrak bisnis internasional dengan menitikberatkan pada prinsip kepastian hukum. Melalui pendekatan yuridis normatif, penelitian ini mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan nasional, instrumen hukum internasional seperti United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG), serta literatur akademik yang relevan. Analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan menafsirkan asas dan doktrin hukum, kemudian dikaitkan dengan praktik kontrak bisnis lintas negara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepastian hukum memiliki peran fundamental dalam menjamin hak dan kewajiban para pihak, termasuk perlindungan terhadap eksportir Indonesia. Meskipun instrumen hukum nasional maupun internasional telah memberikan kerangka regulasi, implementasi di lapangan masih menghadapi tantangan, terutama dalam aspek penegakan hukum dan pemahaman eksportir terhadap regulasi internasional. Kelemahan ini sering menimbulkan kerugian, baik dalam bentuk sengketa kontrak maupun kerugian finansial. Oleh karena itu, penguatan regulasi domestik yang sejalan dengan standar internasional, peningkatan kapasitas lembaga arbitrase nasional, serta sosialisasi regulasi kepada eksportir menjadi langkah strategis untuk mewujudkan perlindungan hukum yang lebih optimal. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi pengembangan kajian hukum perdagangan internasional serta menjadi rujukan dalam upaya memperkuat posisi eksportir Indonesia dalam kontrak bisnis global.
Analisis Perlindungan Konsumen Dalam Kontrak Elektronik Pada Transaksi E-Commerce Indonesia Hapsari, Crescentia Viola Priscilla Audra; Lie, Gunardi
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 3, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17168532

Abstract

The swift growth of online shopping in Indonesia has given rise to electronic contracts (e-contracts) as the primary instrument for online transactions. However, this dynamic also presents legal challenges, particularly regarding the protection of consumers, who often find themselves in a weak bargaining position. The purpose of the research is to examine consumer protection in e-contracts based on the Indonesian regulatory framework, identify weaknesses in implementation, and offer academic and practical recommendations.The analysis found that consumers frequently face various obstacles, including complex and difficult-to-understand contract clauses, limited access to online dispute resolution mechanisms, and insufficient transparency of information related to rights and obligations within electronic contracts. Furthermore, there is a significant gap between existing legal regulations and their actual implementation. Therefore, this study recommends strengthening regulations concerning standard clauses in electronic contracts, developing and optimizing online dispute resolution mechanisms, improving consumers’ legal and digital literacy, and enchancing coordination among supervisory and law enforcement agencies to establish a fairer and more transparent e-commerce governance. The results are anticipated to help the improvement of electronic contract governance within Indonesia’s e-commerce transaction ecosystem.
Efektivitas Kontrak Lisensi Teknologi Hak Cipta Film Dalam Melindungi Kekayaan Intelektual Industri Perfilman Indonesia Hapsari, Crescentia Viola Priscilla Audra; Lie, Gunardi
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 3, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17204921

Abstract

The rapid growth of Indonesia's film industry has created an urgent need for intellectual property protection, particularly through technology-based copyright licensing contracts for films. However, the dynamics of digital distribution and film piracy pose significant legal challenges, especially in ensuring the effectiveness of licensing contracts as protective instruments. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of technology licensing contracts in protecting film copyrights within the framework of national regulations, examine implementation barriers, and offer academic and practical recommendations. The analysis found that film industry actors often face various obstacles, including unclear contract clauses, ineffective dispute resolution mechanisms, and low legal awareness among industry practitioners. Furthermore, there is a gap between existing legal provisions and their enforcement on the ground that weakens copyright protection. Therefore, the study recommends strengthening licensing contract clauses, optimizing dispute resolution mechanisms, and enhancing legal education for industry actors to ensure optimal protection of film copyrights. These findings are expected to contribute to improving the governance of technology licensing contracts, making them more responsive to the challenges of intellectual property protection in the digital era.
Analisis Hukum Perjanjian Dalam Transaksi E-Commerce: Tinjauan Terhadap Perlindungan Konsumen Berdasarkan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Hermanto, Dennis; Lie, Gunardi
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 3, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17185998

Abstract

Advances in information technology have changed the trading landscape with e-commerce transactions, offering convenience but at the same time posing consumer protection risks. This research mainly aims to examine the legal framework that governs agreements related to e-commerce transactions and consumer protection, as outlined by the applicable legal and regulatory provisions in Indonesia. This research method uses normative legal research methods, which apply legislative and conceptual approaches, as well as researching various legal sources such as the Civil Code, the Criminal Code, Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and the ITE Law. The findings of the study show that, although the existing legal framework provides an adequate foundation for consumer protection, there are still implementation challenges regarding consumer awareness, regulatory socialization, and dispute resolution mechanisms. Strengthening integration between traditional legal principles and specific rules for electronic transactions is essential to fostering a transparent, fair, and trustworthy digital commerce ecosystem.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen Dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Online Melalui Platform Marketplace di Indonesia Terania, Medi; Lie, Gunardi
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 3, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17156678

Abstract

The growth of online transactions through marketplace platforms presents new challenges in terms of legal rights protection for customers. One of the primary issues that emerges is the imbalance between consumers and businesses, both in terms of access to information, resources, and legal channels. Many consumers in Indonesia are not fully aware of their legal rights, including the right to obtain correct and reliable information, the right to security, as well as the right to file a lawsuit if they suffer losses. This lack of understanding prevents many consumers from pursuing their cases through legal channels, even in cases of fraud. On the other hand, businesses and marketplace platforms usually possess an edge when it comes to accessing information, control of resources, and adequate legal support, which further widens the power gap between the two parties. This situation shows that access to justice for consumers, especially small consumers, continues to be minimal in the application of digital commerce in Indonesia. Active involvement from the government, consumer protection agencies, and platform providers is needed to build a more balanced legal protection system that is accessible to all elements of society.
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Investor dalam Era Transformasi Digital: Kajian Hukum Bisnis di Indonesia Lim, Feili; Lie, Gunardi
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 3, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17263115

Abstract

The development of investment in Indonesia has grown rapidly, particularly with the emergence of digital instruments such as fintech, app-based capital markets, and crowdfunding. This situation presents both opportunities and legal risks for investors. This article examines how Indonesian business law responds to these developments, with a focus on legal protection for investors. The inestigation methodology applied is a normative juridical approach by reviewing investment-related legislation and analyzing relevant cases. The findings indicate that although a legal framework is already in place, practical implementation still reveals weaknesses, especially in terms of supervision and law enforcement. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen regulations and enhance synergy among institutions to ensure legal certainty and investor protection.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Investor Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Pasar Modal di Era Digital Dalam Transaksi Reksa Dana Hermanto, Dennis; Lie, Gunardi
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 3, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17193978

Abstract

Digital transformation has had a major impact on the Indonesian stock market, especially in mutual fund transactions through digital media. The easier access and efficiency brought by financial technology has created wider investment opportunities for the public, including those who are just starting to invest. However, this development also brings challenges in terms of legal protection for investors. The existing capital market rules are still based on the old paradigm, so they are not fully able to keep up with the rapid pace of technological development. In addition, there are various technical issues, such as potential data security risks and cyber threats, low public understanding of finance and digital, and differences in access to technology in various regions. The current investor protection strategy still faces obstacles in terms of supervision, law enforcement, and dispute resolution mechanisms that are not yet responsive in the digital age. Therefore, collaboration between flexible regulations, Irusted technology, and programs that improve financial and digital literacy widely and sustainably is needed. By overcoming existing challenges, the digital mutual fund industry in Indonesia can grow inclusively, sustainably, and be able to provide maximum protection for investors in the digital era.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Investor Dalam Penanaman Modal di Indonesia Terania, Medi; Lie, Gunardi
Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Vol 3, No 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Penerbit Yayasan Daarul Huda Kruengmane

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17194071

Abstract

Foreign direct investment is fundamental to supporting the financing of Indonesia’s national development, playing a role in driving economic growth, technology transfer, and job creation. The government has regulated Safeguards established by law for investors through Law No. 25 of 2007 on Investment, That offers a clear and stable legal framework, non-discriminatory treatment, asset protection, and ease of repatriation of capital and profits. However, in practice, foreign investors still face various challenges and legal risks, such as regulatory uncertainty, disputes with the government, bureaucratic obstacles, political and social risks, and inconsistent law enforcement. The research follows a normative approach to legal analysis method with a literature review to evaluate the existing forms of legal protection and the challenges faced by foreign investors in Indonesia. The research underlines the essential nature of improved regulatory consistency, bureaucratic simplification, fair law enforcement, and political stability in order to create a conducive investment climate. Thus, effective legal protection can increase Indonesia's attractiveness as a safe and sustainable investment destination and support inclusive national development.
Hambatan Non Tarif dan Dampaknya terhadap Ekspor Produk UMKM Indonesia Haykel, Muhammad; Lie, Gunardi
Journal of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/umkm.v2i2.915

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis berbagai risiko yang muncul dalam transaksi bisnis internasional, khususnya pada kegiatan ekspor-impor di kawasan Asia Tenggara, serta mengevaluasi strategi yang dapat diterapkan untuk meminimalkan dampak risiko tersebut. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, dengan sumber data sekunder yang meliputi dokumen resmi pemerintah, publikasi akademik, laporan organisasi internasional, dan literatur terkait perdagangan internasional. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode content analysis untuk mengidentifikasi jenis risiko yang paling dominan, termasuk fluktuasi nilai tukar, hambatan logistik, ketidakpastian regulasi, serta hambatan non-tarif yang sering membebani pelaku usaha, terutama UMKM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa risiko-risiko tersebut memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap kelancaran transaksi ekspor-impor, biaya produksi, serta daya saing produk di pasar internasional. Selain itu, hambatan non-tarif dan prosedur administrasi yang kompleks turut memperlambat proses ekspor dan membatasi akses UMKM ke pasar global. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penerapan strategi manajemen risiko yang tepat, seperti peningkatan kapasitas internal UMKM, kepatuhan terhadap standar internasional, pemanfaatan teknologi digital, dan dukungan kebijakan pemerintah, dapat membantu mengurangi dampak negatif dari risiko tersebut. Temuan penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi ilmiah bagi pengembangan studi perdagangan internasional, serta menjadi acuan praktis bagi eksportir dalam mengelola risiko transaksi lintas negara, khususnya bagi UMKM yang ingin memperluas pasar global.
Co-Authors Adepio, Muhammad Fadel Ahmad Sudiro Ainun Jariyah, Sarifah Aisha, Salma Alam, Jenice Valencia Alfiani, Feriza Alya, Nasha Rawza Andrian Andrian Andriani, Kasmita Angela, Silvia Angelia Angelina, Made Aubrey Josephine Anggra, Philip Anindira, Lydia Antara Yasa, I Wayan Suka Anwar Rannu, Delycia Aprilia Fong, Fanesa Aprilia, Indah Siti Aprillianty, Kesia Apriza, Nathania Ardhan, Muhammad Urifianto ARI WAHYUDI Aritonang, Sanrio Art, Stanley Muljadi Augustin, Agatha Avianti, Grace Az-Zahra, Aiska Rahima Belle, Grace Anna Bianty, Thisia Bonang, Rio C, Gabriella Cahyono, Denzel Andersson Candra, Dimas Carnescia, Brenda Cendranita, Ivannia Chandra, Jessica Chen, Zefanya Angellin Christian, Benedict Philip Christine Octavia S Dameria, Fiorella Angella Daniel Daniel Diana Diana Egatri Gulo, Feby EVELYN EVELYN Fadhillah, Siti Aura Fauziah, Khanifa Febriany, Febriany Fernandha, Rizqy Dini Fernando, Wilson Furguson, Felix Goldwen, Filshella Gunawan, Syahrana Kezia Anjunien Halim, Leonardo Hamonangan, Marcellius Kirana Hapsari, Crescentia Viola Priscilla Audra Hartono, Evelyn Hartono, Margareta Kristiani Harum, Vanessa Mathilde Haykel, Muhammad Hermanto, Dennis Hitiyahubessy, Jeanifersu Jemiel Heng, Richard Jolin, Jolin Jonatan, Frangky Juliano Raditya, Jason Juventia, Donabella Juwita, Dhiny Ellen Khasana, Andi Khuswatun Kinanti, Lamsiur Kiyoshi, Maximillian Ivander Koniardy, Delvina Kumala Dewi Laapen, Calinka Princess Belinda Lie , Cathleen Lim, Feili Lim, Grace Natalie Lo, Edmund Lumban Raja, Muhammad Dewo Maddalena Simamora, Indah Maria Manurung, Romandelas Marchvinn, Jessica Mardianto, Sebastian Edward Mardjono, Amerta Marina Marina Marva, Clairina Max, Alessandro Christian Mbaling, Constantius Mario Valentino Medianna, Olivia Metanoya Tapilatu, Finsri Mirza Djafar, Aureelia Nourani Mohammad, Prasidya Moody Rizqy Syailendra Putra Mousavian, Farel Sya'ban Mulyasetya Putra, Joddy Naelayara, Siti Amera Naru, Margareth Trisya Adefinola Natasha, Malika Baby Nathanael, Jeremy Nathanael, Moses Nathasya, Nathasya NEGARA, MOH IQRA Neljeane, Jeane Novela, Devina Novera HuIaifa, Shena Novianti, Siti Nugroho, Maria Cecilia Octavia S, Christine Octaviyanda, Shafarra Octavo, Vito Jonathan Oktavianni Putri Sianturi, Angel P, Moody Syailendra Pahlevi, Muhammad Vito Panglima, Rubby Aditya Patricia, Laura Sally Patricia, Rachel Anne Patty, Thalia Rizq Aurora Permatasari, Yofi Prasetyo, Stephanie Patricia Pratama, Akmal Risqi Yudhianto Putra, Arief Mandala Putra, Ismail Rangga Wahana Putra, Louis Sebastian Anot Putri, Gracia Putri, Maria Phoebe Tjahja Putri, Nadiva Azzahra Putri, Salsabila Putri, Sanny Nuyessy R.Syailendra, Moody Rahayu, Ni Kadek Putri Sita Rahmasari, Lisa Ramadhan, Nayla Az Zahra Ramadhano, Ibrahagi Ramania, Hasya Rigel, Rigel Riko Mono, Jonathan Riski, Naufal Riza Iskandar, Shafa Athaya Rondo, Fiona Louysa Rusli, Vennia Neshya Ryanto, Laurencia Safitri, Yuliya Sahrul, Farhan Ananda Salindeho, Leezza Salsa sally, Laura Sandi, Maydi Jack Santoso, Ellen Sanyoto, Alicia Andromeda Septiandri, Ivon Serena, Michelle Audrey Shasmita, Sylvia Siarill, Jonathan Hervine Sihite, Jelita Sihite, Jelita Damai Sofia Lorenza Simanjuntak, Yosafat Ben Ghurion Sinaga, Efryando Stefen Andreas Siregar, Aristoteles Gerhard Fredrik Sitabuan, Tundjung Herning Sitompoel, Yervant T. S Sitorus, Lena Mariana Br Stella, Helen Subagijo, Kevin Putra Sugiarto, Angelina Jacqueline Sukur, Partermutios Susilo Putra Suryani, Cendana Suwinto Johan Syahputra, Denis Syailendra P, Moody R. Syailendra, Moody R. Syella Susilo, Sherryl Tairas, Hans Daniel Felix Tan, Louissa Nobel Tan, Richie Lay Tania, Elizabeth Tanujaya, Calista Putri Terania, Medi Thie, Naysa Andrea Thio, Herman Tirta, George Anderson Tjendra, Virginia Trisnadi, Ilhan Pasha Islamy Trixie, Ivana Umaternate, Arifin Vaustine, Griselda Vedora, Sheren Regina Veldrin Pua, Brendah Wardhani, Ayu Azalia Wathan, Bilqis Alifia Wijaya, Miquel Enrick Wijaya, Niko William Chandra Winata, Gilbert Winson Salim, Patrick Wonohadidjojo, Christopher Howard Yonandi, Caecilia Patrice Yuan, Shafaa Alaadini Yulyana, Devy Yunita, Theresia Yuwono, Lila Graciella Zalukhu, Iyan Sentosa Zebua, August Delta Zimah, Amelia Abdullah